SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (SARAWAK CAMPUS) SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, COMPUTING AND SCIENCE HES4330 THERMODYNAMICS 2 / SEMESTER 2 2011 TUTORIAL

1 INTRODUCTION TO HEAT TRANSFER

1. How does the science of heat transfer differ from the science of thermodynamics? 2. Review any standard text on thermodynamics and define: a) Heat, b) Internal energy, c) Work, d) Enthalpy. 3. What is the driving force for (a) heat transfer, (b) electric current flow, and (c) fluid flow? 4. What is heat flux? How is it related to the heat transfer rate? 5. How are heat, internal energy, and thermal energy related to each other? 6. An ideal gas is heated from 50C to 80C (a) at constant volume and (b) at constant pressure. For Which case do you think the energy required will be greater? Why? 7. Define thermal conductivity and explain its significance in heat transfer. 8. What are the mechanisms of heat transfer? How are they distinguished from each other? 9. Write down the expressions for the physical laws that govern each mode of heat transfer, and identify the variables involved in each relation. 10. Define emissivity and absorptivity. What is Kirchhoffs law of radiation? 11. One face of a copper plate 3 cm thick is maintained at 4000C, and the other face is maintained at 1000C. how much heat is transferred through the plate. 12. Air at 200C blows over a hot plate 50 by 75 cm maintained at 2500C. The convection heat transfer coefficient is 25 W/m20C. Calculate the heat transfer. 13. Determine the heat transfer through the plane of length 6m, height 4m and thickness 0.30m. The temperatures of inner and outer surfaces are 1000C and 400C respectively. Thermal conductivity of wall is 0.55 W/m.K. 14. The wall of a furnace is constructed from 15 cm thick fire brick having constant thermal conductivity of 1.7 W/m.K. The two sides of the wall are maintained at 1400 K and 1150 K, respectively. What is the rate of heat loss through the wall which is 50 cm X 3 m on a side. 15. An electric current is passed through a wire 1 mm in diameter and 10 cm long. The wire is submerged in liquid water at atmospheric pressure, and the current is increased until the water boils. For this situation h=5000W/m20C, and the water temperature will be 1000C. How much electric power must be supplied to the wire to maintain the wire surface at 1140C? 16. Two infinite black plates at 800 and 3000C exchange heat by radiation. Calculate the heat transfer per unit area. 17. A refrigerator stands in a room, where air temperature is 210C. The surface temperature on the outside of the refrigerator is 160C. The sides are 30 mm thick and has an equivalent thermal conductivity of 0.10 W/m.K. The heat transfer coefficient on the outside is 10 W/m2.K. Assume one dimensional conduction through the sides, calculate the net heat flow rate and the inside surface temperature of the refrigerator. 18. A black surface is positioned in a vacuum container so that it absorbs incident solar radiant energy at the rate of 950 W/m2. If the surface conducts no heat to its surroundings, determine its equilibrium temperature. 19. Name some good conductor of heat; some poor conductor. 20. What is the order of magnitude for the convection heat transfer coefficients in free convection? Forced convection? Boiling? 21. Can all three modes of heat transfer occur simultaneously (in parallel ) in a medium?