CHEM 2360 (C20C) Basic Physical Chemistry Course Outline

Description
This is an advanced level four (4) credit chemistry course with a total of 24 lectures, 12 tutorials and 6 laboratory sessions. The material covers Electrochemistry (weeks 1-5); Gases, Liquids and Solids, Surface and Colloid Chemistry (weeks 5-10); and Nuclear Chemistry (weeks 11-12). The course is currently offered in Semester I of the academic year. A candidate for this course should have a clear understanding of the physical chemistry theory covered at level I. If you feel uncertain or rusty in those areas a thorough review of that material is advised before the start of this course. Laboratory sessions for this course are 5 hours and are administered in weeks seven through twelve of the semester. There are three possible laboratory sessions per week. Students, working in pairs, select one of these sessions weekly. Please be reminded that attendance at laboratory sessions and satisfactory performance are very important. Even though the laboratory component of the course may contribute only 20% to the final mark, failure in this part will result in failure in the entire course.

Purpose
This is a core course for anyone pursuing a major or minor in chemistry. The course gives an understanding of the basic principles of physical chemistry required for any chemist. The knowledge and understanding gained in this course are required in CHEM 3367 and CHEM 3562.

Instructor Inform ation

Instructor:

Dr. Ann Wilson

Mr. Nigel John Mr. Jason Toney Gases, Liquids & Solids, Surface & Colloid Chemistry PG Labs, C1 Building 3545, 3570
Nigel.John@sta.uwi.edu Jason.Toney@sta.uwi.edu

Dr. David Stevenson

Section:

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Room #: Tel. Ext.: e-m ail:

313, C1 Building 2283, 3570

Ann.Wilson@sta.uwi.edu Mon3:00 5:00 p.m. Tue10:00 am 12:00 noon & Fri:9:00 10:00 a.m.

318, C1 Building 3260, 3570

David.Stevenson@sta.uwi.edu

Office Hours:

TBA

TBA

Snail Mail:

Department of Chemistry The University of The West Indies St. Augustine Campus Agostini Street St. Augustine Trinidad, W.I. 868 662 2002 ext as listed above 868 645 3771

Tel: Fax:

Content (Nuclear Chemistry)

The Nuclear Chemistry section consists of the following: (i) The nucleus, its components and dimensions. Nuclear forces. Isotopes, isotones, isomers, isobars. Neutron proton ratio and its, importance, mass defect and binding energy. (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) Radioactive decay including and emissions and decay kinetics. Nuclear reactions including neutron capture, fission and fusion. Nuclear models including the shell and liquid drop modes, nuclear structure and magic numbers. Instrumentation proportional and G-M counters in particular. Applications of Radionuclides including C dating neutron activation analysis and radiometric titrations.

(vii) Interaction of Radiation with matter radiation chemistry.

Content (Gases, Liquids & Solids)

The Gases, Liquids & Solids section consists of the following: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Intermolecular forces including electrostatic interactions, chemical bonding dispersion (Van der Waals) forces. The use of the Lennard-Jones potential. Equations of state for non-ideal gases. Experimental results on the nature of simple liquids and of water, a complex liquid. Liquids considered as dense gases and as disordered solids. Binding energy of ionic, covalent and metallic solids, Electrical properties of solids and a comparison of insulators, semiconductors and metals. Magnetic properties of solids para- and ferro-magnestism. Mechanical properties of solids, liquids and gases including a definition of Young's modulus for solids and viscosity of liquids and gases. and

(v)

Content (Surface & Colloid Chemistry)

The Surface & Colloid Chemistry section consists of the following: (i) Colloidal phenomena. Polydispersity and molecular weight determination. The preparation of colloidal dispersions. Dialysis. Surfactants and micelles. Donnan membrane equilibria. Double layer theory and electrokinetic phenomena. Physical adsorption and chemisorption. The Freundlich, Langmuir and BET isotherms. The determination of surface area of adsorbents.

(ii)

Content (Electrochemistry)
The electrochemistry section consists of four units which are broken down as follows: Unit 1: Electrochemical Cells 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Review redox reactions terminology, Half reactions and electrodes and varieties of cells, Standard potentials, reference electrodes, thermodynamic aspects of electrochemical cells, the electrochemical series, sign conventions, concentration cells, Nernst equation, concentration cells with and without liquid junctions,
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CHEM 2360 Course Outline 10/11 Dept. of Chem., St. Augustine Campus, The UWI 10-Aug-10

Unit 2: 2.1 Unit 3: 3.1 3.2

Applications of standard potentials The measurement of pH (ion-selective electrodes), measurement of pKa, Conductivity, ion mobility, transport numbers Electrical conductivity of ionic solutions, conductimetric titration Faradays laws, Oswalds law of dilution, Kohlrauschs Law of the Independent Migration of Ions, Debye-Hckel theory Industrial Electrochemistry Primary, storage and fuel cells Industrial production: Chlor-Alkali electrolysis; Aluminium smelting

Unit 4 : 4.1 4.2

Goals On completion of the electrochemistry section the candidates should have and appreciation for: how electrochemistry impacts their daily lives; the relevance of electrochemical processes in industry; Learning Outcomes
On completion of these four units the learner will be able to: Draw, with labelled parts, an electrochemical cell given the overall reaction. Covert a drawing of an electrochemical cell to standard notation. Use a table of standard electrode potentials to determine the oxidation and reduction half reaction of a given reaction. Calculate the overall standard cell potential of a given cell using the electrochemical series. Determine if a reaction will proceed spontaneously under stated conditions by application of the Gibbs free energy function and its relationship to the cell potential. Calculate the equilibrium constant of a cell using the relationship between K and cell potential. Differentiate between Galvanic and Electrolytic cells and indicate when each should be used. Transpose experimental conditions using different reference electrodes. Use the Nernst Equation to calculate cell potentials under non-standard conditions. Calculate the third entity given any two of the three entities E, G, or K. Construct a concentration cell. Devise a cell for the measurement of pH. Calculate the pH of a solution given a set of experimental data. Evaluate a set of conductimetric titration experimental data and indicate the types of electrolytes present. Justify the electrical conductivities noted for a range of given solutions at varying concentrations in terms of ion mobility. Differentiate between primary, storage and fuel cells and how these cells function. List the steps in the production of aluminium. Calculate the theoretical amount of metal deposited in an electrochemical deposition given the current applied.
CHEM 2360 Course Outline 10/11 Dept. of Chem., St. Augustine Campus, The UWI 10-Aug-10 -3-

Coursework Assignment
A single laboratory report per pair is to be handed in for each experiment conducted. There will be six laboratory sessions in total. Reports are due at 1:00 p.m. on the same lab day but one week following the date the particular experiment was carried out. The laboratory report will be marked out of ten with at least four marks going to the discussion. Reports are deemed late as of 1:30 p.m. of the particular laboratory day. There will be a one mark deduction for every day or part thereof late including Saturday and Sunday. You are strongly urged to hand in laboratory reports on time. Instructions as to the preparation of laboratory reports are given in the Laboratory Manual.

Assessment
20% Coursework (Laboratory mark only) 80% Final Examination There will be a two hour final exam, which will consist of six questions from which four must be attempted.

Teaching Strategies
A combination of lectures including the use of PowerPoint presentations, directed classroom group discussion, pair-share on classroom questions, worksheets, group work on tutorials, and laboratory experiments will be used in this one semester course.

Resources
Te xtbook: Atkins, Peter & de Paula, Julio Physical Chemistry, 8th Edition Oxford University Press, 2006 2006, UK Additional Re ading Smith, E.B. Basic Chemical Thermodynamics 5 th Edition, Imperial College Press, 2004 London, 2004, UK. Skoog, D. A.; West, D. M.; Holler, J. F.; Crouch, A.R. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry. 8 th Edition, Brooks/ColeThomas Learning, CA, 2004 USA, Chapters 18 & 19. 2004, Hibbert, Brynn D. Introduction to Electrochemistry , Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, 1993, 1993 USA Bard, A.J.; Faulkner L. R. Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, Wiley, New York 1980 1980.

CHEM 2360 Course Outline 10/11 Dept. of Chem., St. Augustine Campus, The UWI 10-Aug-10

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