100 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS 1.

Short Shunt Compound Motor Type of motor where series field coil is connected in series with the armature coil while the shunt field coil is connected across the series combination. 2. Shunt Motor A type of motor which the field and the armature coils and are connected in parallel. 3. Output Voltage The output electrical energy that is the result of rotating the rotor of the generator. 4. Field poles This provides excitation or flux to the armature. 5. Armature Winding This will cut the flux supplied by the field poles. 6. Field poles Part of generator that provides excitation or flux to the armature. 7. Armature Winding Part of generator that will cut the flux supplied by the field poles. 8. Self excited shunt Generator A type of generator which the field coil is connected in parallel to its own armature and consequently to the load. 9. Separately excited shunt Generator Type of generator which the field coil is supplied from another source. 10. Series generator Type of generator which the field coil is connected in series with its armature and consequently to the load. 11. Compound Generator A type of generator that uses two field coils one connected in parallel and the other in series. 12. Short shunt compound Generator A generator which the shunt coil is connected in parallel to the armature, while the series coil is connected in series to the load. .

13. Long shunt compound Generator Uses two field coils one connected in parallel and the other in series. 14. Transformers An electrical device which, by electromagnetic induction transform electric energy from one circuit to another circuit at the same frequency, but usually different voltage and current value. 15. Core type transformer Type of transformer which the windings are placed on the outside of the core. 16. Small type transformer A type of transformer which the windings are places on the inside of the core such that the magnetic circuit completely surrounds the winding. 17. Inverter Converter used to change dc voltage into ac voltage. 18. Induction motor It is one in which the motor field is induced by currents flowing thru the motor. 19. Squirrel cage induction motor It is self contained and resembles a squirrel cage. The rotor conductors are permanently short circuited by end rings. 20. Wound rotor Rotor has insulated coils of wire and resembles a dc armature. The rotor conductors are connected to slip rings and shorted thru the brushes. 21. Single phase induction motor Induction motor which are designed to operate from a single phase supply. 22. Split phase motor A single phase induction motor having an auxiliary winding connected in parallel with the main winding, but displaced in magnetic position from the main winding so as to produce the required starting magnetic field for starting. 23. Prime mover Is the source of mechanical power to turn the rotors of alternators, large and small AC and DC? 24. Self excited shunt Generator A type of generator which the field coil is connected in parallel to its own armature and consequently to the load.

25. Output Voltage the output electrical energy that is the result of rotating the rotor of the generator. 26. Field poles Part of generator that provides excitation or flux to the armature. 27. Armature Winding Part of generator that will cut the flux supplied by the field poles. 28. Separately excited shunt Generator Type of generator which the field coil is supplied from another source. 29. Series generator Type of generator which the field coil is connected in series with its armature and consequently to the load. 30. Compound Generator Type of generator that uses two field coils one connected in parallel and the other in series 31. Short shunt compound Generator A generator which the shunt coil is connected in parallel to the armature, while the series coil is connected in series to the load. 32. Long shun compound Generator Uses two field coils one connected in parallel and the other in series. 33. Series Motor A type of motor which the field and the armature coils are connected in series. 34. Shunt Motor A type of motor which the field and the armature coils and are connected in parallel. 35. Shunt generator Is best for charging automobile battery. 36. Rotating field and Rotating Armature Are the two basic types of alternators? 37. Series-Wound generator Is a type of DC generator where the output voltage varies directly? 38. Multi-pole Generator The result of adding more field poles to a dc generator.

39. Long shunt The shunt field of a compound generator is connected across both the series field and the armature. This connection is knows as 40. Hysteresis loss In a dc machine is directly proportional to (speed)1.6 41. Iron and Mechanical loss Are called stray losses. 42. Shunt generators Are used when the main requirement is a constant voltage over a narrow load range. 43. Pole span or Pole crest Is the distance between two adjacent poles in the surface of the armature? 44. Improper commutation Does sparking occur between the brushes and the commutator? 45. Resultant pitch Is the distance between the beginning of one coil and the beginning of the next coil to which it is connected? 46. Dynamo Uses electromagnetic principles to convert mechanical rotation into an alternating electric current. 47. Interpoles and compensating windings Purpose is to counteract armature reaction. 48. Prime Mover The device that provides the turning force applied to the armature is called 49. Closed-Circuit Winding Is the armature of a dc machine? 50. Copper Loss The greatest percentage of heat loss in a dc machine is due to 51. Commutator Pitch The nature of armature winding of a d.c machine is decided by 52. Wave winding High voltage dc machines uses

53. Lap winding The number of the brushes required is equal to Number of poles 54. Wave winding The number of the brushes required is equal to Number of poles 55. Triplex wave Winding will have 6 parallel paths 56. Field winding A dc shunt machine usually carries 2 % - 5% of the rated current of the machine. 57. Close-circuit Winding Is the armature winding of a dc machine. 58. Simplex Wave Winding Is the number of parallel paths is equal to Number of pairs poles 59. Carbon brushes Are preferable to Copper brushes because it reduce sparking. 60. AT/wb Is the SI unit of reluctance? 61. Cast Steel The yoke of a dc machine is made of 62. Silicon Steel The armature of a dc machine is made of 63. Commutator The real working part of a dc machine is 64. Field Winding The coupling field between electrical and mechanical systems of a.c machines is 65. 4-pole DC machine Are most common. 66. One-half pole flux The yoke of the dc machine carries.

67. Salient-Pole arrangement The field structure of a dc machines uses.

68. Eddy Current Loss The armature of a dc machine is laminated in order to reduce. 69. Alternating Current The current in armature conductors of a dc machine is 70. Voltage Regulation Percentage rise in the terminal voltage of the generator, when the generator load is removed. 71. Efficiency Ratio of output power (power drawn by load) to the input power (power generated by the generator). 72. Maximum Efficiency Occurs only when the constant or rotational losses are made equal to the variable losses. 73. Speed Regulation Is the percentage rise in speed when the mechanical load of the motor is removed? 74. Pony Brake Test of a Motor Is used to determine the output horsepower of the machine. 75. Autotransformer Is a transformer with only one winding common to both the primary and the secondary sides? 76. Current Transformer (CT) To be used in conjunction with an ammeter to measure very high current. 77. Potential Transformer (PT) To be used in conjunction with a voltmeter to measure very high voltage. 78. Flat-compounded generator A dc compound generator having full-load terminal voltage equal to the no-load voltage is called 79. Torque of motor Torque is developed in the motor because of the force acting on each currentcarrying conductor placed within a magnetic field. 80. Constant speed motor A motor that has a fairly constant speed at load.

81. Adjustable speed motor A motor whose speed can be varied and controlled through wide range, but for a particular adjustment, the speed is practically constant under varying loads. 82. Variable speed motor A motor that inherently reduces its speed as the torque requires by its load increases. 83. Electric Controller The ASA definition gives this as a devices or group of devices, which serves to govern, in some predetermined manner, the electric power delivered to the apparatus to which it is connected. 84. Starter An electric controller designed for accelerating a motor to rated speed in one direction of rotation. 85. Manuel Starter Are designed normally to give a maximum of 125% to 200% of full load current at starting. 86. Automatic Starters These starters are more expensive, these are preferable to use than the manual types. 87. Counter EMF (speed limit) controller Use the counter emf developed across the armature for determining the operation of the electromagnetic relays which control the resistance in series with the armature. 88. Shunt Field Resistance Control This is done by inserting a rheostat in the shunt field circuit. 89. Series-Field Shunt Resistor Control Is driving a load above its normal operating speed, a rheostat must be connected in parallel with the series field.

90. Mechanical Control of Speed Are schemes that use mechanical devices that change the position of poles with respect to the armature core thereby changing the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit for a given shunt field mmf. 91. Braking Electric motors are brought to a quick stop by a friction brake that is magnetically controlled.

92. Plugging This is needed to stop quickly a motor so that its rotation may be reversed as is needed in rolling mill applications. 93. Dynamic Braking This method uses the generator action of a motor when it is stopped quickly. 94. Regenerative Braking In plugging and dynamic braking, the motor is brought to a complete stop but in regenerative braking, the load exerts a negative torque on the motor driving its as a generator and power is returned to the supply lines. 95. Slot-Pitch The distance from the center of one to the center of the adjacent slot measured along the surface of the armature. 96. Pole Pitch The distance between of two adjacent poles measured along the armature surface. 97. Inductor Portion of a conductor that is in a slot. 98. Back end connection Connection that joins the inductors at the end opposite the commutators. 99. Back Pitch The number of slots within a back end connection. 100. Commutator Pitch The distance on the commutator between the two ends of a coil is the commutator pitch.