Professional Documents
Culture Documents
FAILURE MODES AND ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR PM GEARS T.Prucher, H.Sanderow. (Management and Engineering Technologies, Inc, USA.) Gear failure was discussed and three modes of failure were identified: tooth fracture, contact fatigue failure and failure by wear. These were examined for mechanisms causing failure, operating regimes where failure occurs and methods for avoidance of failure. Test programmes were described. Analytical methods for prediction of gear response were reviewed. Comparison was made between PM and cast/wrought steel gears. ROLLING CONTACT FATIGUE AND STRUCTURE/PROPERTY RELATIONS IN A CARBON-MOLYBDENUMSTEEL D.S.Lashmore, S.Kaiser. (Materials Innovation, USA.) It was reported that high strength MO-Csteels, pressed to 7.3 g.cmM3 sinand tered to 7.5 g.cmm3, had been developed. The steel exhibited a wide range of properties, such as Rockwell hardness from 60B to 60C and dimensional change of 0 to 1.1% , with some anisotropy. Data for contact fatigue behaviour, rolling mechanical properties and structures were presented. AERATION POWDER FILLING FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE PM PARTS K.Nakatani. (Toyota Motor Corp, Japan.1 The importance of powder characteristics for uniform die filling and powder compaction was discussed. It was reported that a powder aeration technique had been used to aid uniform die filling by improving powder flow properties. This also reduced scatter in properties. Process efficiency, cost reductions and improvement in pore distribution were outlined. PRECISION COLD FORGING OF A PM PREFORM TO MARE A HIGH DENSITY SPUR GEAR H.Ferguson. (Metal Powder Products Co, USA.) Design and manufacture of a 17tooth spur gear by cold forging a powder preform to 96% density were described. The powder forged part was to replace a machined gear in a tractor transmission system. DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF HIGH DENSITY COLD COMPACTION P.Blanchard. (Federal Mogul Sintered Products, France.1 48 MPR November 2000
Demand from automotive makers for materials with improved rolling contact fatigue resistance and high toughness was noted. It was reported that parts with densities up to 7.6 g.cme3had been made by a single press-and-sinter route. This gave high rolling contact fatigue resistance. Some properties and automotive application were described.
formance tool steels from prealloyed powders by HIP and hot working was outlined. Some examples, including recent developments, were presented.
Cemented
carbides
MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT DURING MICROWAVE SINTERING OF CEMENTED TUNGSTEN CARBIDE R.L.Eadie et al. (University of Alberta, Canada.) It was reported that microwave sintering had been used for a variety of carbide powders in a range of particle sizes. Structures of the materials, some sucessfully sintered, were characterized. The test results were shown to demonstrate advantages for microwave sintering of carbides and were discussed with reference to new models for sintering. SOLID STATE SINTERING OF CEMENTED CARBIDES UNDER ELECTRIC FIELD APPLICATION MKramer et al. (University of California, Davis, USA.) It was reported that the application of an electric field enhanced solid state sintering of WC-Co. Conventional sintering reached 95% density for extra- or ultra-fine powders and 75 to 85% for fine and coarse powders prior to formation of the liquid phase. The effects of the electric field on solid state sintering of carbides were discussed.