Slides ICTP

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action
and the Seiberg-Witten map

Conference on higher dimensional QHE, Chern-Simons theory and noncomutative geometry
in condensed matter and field theory
ICTP, Trieste 2005
Nicolás E. Grandi
Universidad Nacional de La Plata
The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 1/

The Seiberg-Witten map
Open strings in a constant Neveu-Schwartz background


Pauli-Villars −→ Commutative gauge theory
Aµ → Aµ + Dµ Λ = Aµ + ∂µ Λ + Aµ Λ − Λ Aµ


Point-Splitting −→ Noncommutative gauge theory
Âµ → Âµ + D̂µ Λ̂ = Âµ + ∂µ Λ̂ + Âµ ∗ Λ̂ − Λ̂ ∗ Âµ


Is there some map relating them?
Âµ ←→ Aµ
θ µν 6= 0 ←→ θ µν = 0


Yes!, and it is even more general
Âµ ←→ Aµ
θ µν 6= 0 ←→ θ ′µν 6= 0


Yes!, and it is even more general
Âµ ←→ Aµ
θ µν 6= 0 ←→ θ ′µν 6= 0
Seiberg-Witten map relates two noncommutative gauge theories
θ µν ←→ θ ′µν

Explicit form of the map θ ρσ ←→ θ ρσ + δθ ρσ
1 ρσ
Âµ ←→ Aµ + δθ {Aρ , ∂σ Aµ + Fσµ }
4

1 ρσ
4
1 ρσ
F̂µν ←→ Fµν + δθ (−2 {Fµρ , Fνσ } + {Aρ , Dσ Fµν + ∂σ Fµν })
4

1 ρσ
4
1 ρσ
4
For a general action, the dynamics is not invariant
S θ [Âµ ] ←→ S θ+δθ [Aµ ] + δS[Aµ ]

1 ρσ
4
1 ρσ
4
S θ [Âµ ] ←→ S θ+δθ [Aµ ] + δS[Aµ ]
For example, for the Yang-Mills action

Z
1 1
δSY M = δθ ρσ Fµν F µρ F νσ − Fµν {Aρ , Dσ F µν + ∂σ F µν } 6= 0
2 M 4

1 ρσ
4
1 ρσ
4
S θ [Âµ ] ←→ S θ+δθ [Aµ ] + δS[Aµ ]
But, for the Chern-Simons action we have

Z
δSCS = ∂µ f µ
M
Then, in a manifold without boundary, the CS action is invariant

The Noncommutative CS action
The noncommutative Chern-Simons action is

2
Z
θ κ
SCS [Âµ ] = Tr ǫµνρ Âµ ∗ ∂ν Âρ + Âµ ∗ Âν ∗ Âρ
4π M 3


2
Z
θ κ
4π M 3
What should we expect?
F̂µν = 0 ←→ Fµν = 0


2
Z
θ κ
4π M 3
F̂µν = 0 ←→ Fµν = 0
l l
θ θ′
SCS [Â] SCS [A]


2
Z
θ κ
4π M 3
F̂µν = 0 ←→ Fµν = 0
l l
θ θ′
SCS [Â] SCS [A]
′
θ θ
SW ZW [ĝ] ←→ SW ZW [g]
′
S θ [ψ] ≡ S θ [ψ]


2
Z
θ κ
4π M 3
F̂µν = 0 ←→ Fµν = 0
l l
θ θ′
SCS [Â] SCS [A]
l l
′
θ θ
′
S θ [ψ] ≡ S θ [ψ]


2
Z
θ κ
4π M 3
F̂µν = 0 ←→ Fµν = 0
l l
θ θ′
SCS [Â] ⇐⇒ SCS [A]
l l
′
θ θ
′
S θ [ψ] ≡ S θ [ψ]

Explicit calculation
Writing the CS action as

Z
θ κ
˙ (1)

SCS [Â0 , Âi ] = Tr ǫij Â0 ∗ F̂ij − Âi ∗ Âj + Bij
4π M
where the boundary term is

h i
(1)
Bij = ∂i (Âj ∗ Â0 ) + [∂i Âj + 23 Âi ∗ Âj , Â0 ] − 23 Âi ∗ Â0 , Âj


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

SCS [Â0 , Âi ] = Tr ǫij Â0 F̂ij − Âi ∗ Âj + Bij + Bij
4π M
where the boundary terms are

h i
(1)
(2)
Bij = (Â0 ∗ F̂ij − Â0 F̂ij )


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2)
Bij = (Â0 ∗ F̂ij − Â0 F̂ij )
Â0 enforces the constraint F̂ij = 0 then Âi = ĝ −1 ∂i ĝ


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2)
Bij = (Â0 ∗ F̂ij − Â0 F̂ij )

Z Z
κ ~ti (ĝ −1∗∂i ĝ)∗(ĝ −1∗∂t ĝ)+ ǫij (ĝ −1∗∂i ĝ)∗(ĝ −1∗∂t ĝ)∗(ĝ −1∗∂j ĝ)
−
4π ∂M M


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2)
Bij = (Â0 ∗ F̂ij − Â0 F̂ij )

Z Z
−
4π ∂M M


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2)
Bij = (Â0 ∗ F̂ij − Â0 F̂ij )

Z Z
−
4π ∂M M
Â0 also enforces on the boundary an infinite set of nonlinear

constraints involving Âi and all its derivatives


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2)
Bij = (Â0 ∗ F̂ij − Â0 F̂ij )


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

SCS [Â0 , Âi ] = Tr ǫij Â0 F̂ij − Âi Âj + Bij + Bij
4π M

h i
(1)
(2) ˙ ˙
Bij = (Â0 ∗ F̂ij − Â0 F̂ij ) − (Âi ∗ Âj − Âj Âi )


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2) ˙ ˙
Applying the Seiberg-Witten map we get

Z
θ κ ij

˙ (1) (2)

δSCS = Tr ǫ δ Â0 F̂ij + Â0 δ F̂ij − 2δ Âi Âj + δBij +δBij
4π M


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2) ˙ ˙

Z
θ κ
δSCS = Tr ∂µ f µ
4π M
Then in a boudaryless manifold, the CS action is invariant under

the Seiberg-Witten map

Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2) ˙ ˙

Z
θ κ ij kl

(1) (2)

δSCS = Tr ǫ δθ ∂i 2Aj ∂k Al A0 + Aj Ak Ȧl + δBij + δBij
4π M


Z
θ κ
˙ (1) (2)

4π M

h i
(1)
(2) ˙ ˙

Z
θ κ ij kl

(1) (2)

δSCS = Tr ǫ δθ ∂i 2Aj ∂k Al A0 + Aj Ak Ȧl + δBij + δBij
4π M

Closing remarks
In a boundaryless manifold, the noncommutative Chern-Simons

action is invariant under the Seiberg-Witten map, this meaning
(N.E.G and G.A. Silva hep-th/0310113)
θ θ′
SCS ←→ SCS

Closing remarks

θ θ′
SCS ←→ SCS
In a manifold with boundary, we need to impose a infinite set of

nonlinear relations involving all the derivatives of the gauge field
as boundary conditions (A.R. Lugo hep-th/0111064).

Closing remarks

θ θ′
SCS ←→ SCS

The "boundary theory" is not a NC chiral Wess-Zumino-Witten
model. In fact it is not a boundary theory at all because it involves
infinite derivatives of the fields in the directions of the bulk.

Closing remarks

θ θ′
SCS ←→ SCS

The stated equivalence holds at the classical level. The quantum
result would require the study of the of the behavior of the
measure DAµ under the map (Kaminsky, Okawa, Ooguri
hep-th/0101133, Kaminsky hep-th/0310011). The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 6/
Closing remarks

θ θ′
SCS ←→ SCS

Closing remarks

θ θ′
SCS ←→ SCS


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The noncommutative Chern-Simons action

and the Seiberg-Witten map

Universidad Nacional de La Plata

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 1/

Open strings in a constant Neveu-Schwartz background

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 2/

Open strings in a constant Neveu-Schwartz background

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 2/

Open strings in a constant Neveu-Schwartz background

Point-Splitting −→ Noncommutative gauge theory

Âµ → Âµ + D̂µ Λ̂ = Âµ + ∂µ Λ̂ + Âµ ∗ Λ̂ − Λ̂ ∗ Âµ

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 2/

Open strings in a constant Neveu-Schwartz background

Point-Splitting −→ Noncommutative gauge theory

Âµ → Âµ + D̂µ Λ̂ = Âµ + ∂µ Λ̂ + Âµ ∗ Λ̂ − Λ̂ ∗ Âµ

Is there some map relating them?

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 2/

Open strings in a constant Neveu-Schwartz background

Point-Splitting −→ Noncommutative gauge theory

Âµ → Âµ + D̂µ Λ̂ = Âµ + ∂µ Λ̂ + Âµ ∗ Λ̂ − Λ̂ ∗ Âµ

Yes!, and it is even more general

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 2/

Open strings in a constant Neveu-Schwartz background

Point-Splitting −→ Noncommutative gauge theory

Âµ → Âµ + D̂µ Λ̂ = Âµ + ∂µ Λ̂ + Âµ ∗ Λ̂ − Λ̂ ∗ Âµ

Yes!, and it is even more general

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 2/

Explicit form of the map θ ρσ ←→ θ ρσ + δθ ρσ

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 3/

Explicit form of the map θ ρσ ←→ θ ρσ + δθ ρσ

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 3/

Explicit form of the map θ ρσ ←→ θ ρσ + δθ ρσ

For a general action, the dynamics is not invariant

S θ [Âµ ] ←→ S θ+δθ [Aµ ] + δS[Aµ ]

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 3/

Explicit form of the map θ ρσ ←→ θ ρσ + δθ ρσ

For a general action, the dynamics is not invariant

S θ [Âµ ] ←→ S θ+δθ [Aµ ] + δS[Aµ ]

For example, for the Yang-Mills action

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 3/

Explicit form of the map θ ρσ ←→ θ ρσ + δθ ρσ

For a general action, the dynamics is not invariant

S θ [Âµ ] ←→ S θ+δθ [Aµ ] + δS[Aµ ]

But, for the Chern-Simons action we have

Then, in a manifold without boundary, the CS action is invariant

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 3/

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action is

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 4/

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action is

What should we expect?

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 4/

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action is

What should we expect?

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 4/

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action is

What should we expect?

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 4/

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action is

What should we expect?

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 4/

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action is

What should we expect?

The noncommutative Chern-Simons action and the Seiberg-Witten map – p. 4/

Writing the CS action as