Do An Chi Tiet May 1 Cap 348

Trng H SPKT Hng Yn N MN HC C S THIT K MY
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
TRNG I HC SPKT HNG YN
B MN K THUT C S N HC PHN C S THIT K MY
**********
s 1A:
THIT K H DN NG BNG TI

S liu cho trc
1 Lc ko xch ti F (N) F 9750 N
2 Vn tc bng ti v (m/s) V 0,7 m/s
3 ng knh bng ti D (mm) D 500 mm
5 Thi gian phc v L
h
(gi) L
h
20000 gi
6 S ca lm vic 2 ca
7 Gc nghing ng ni tm b truyn
ngoi ()

45
o
8 c tnh lm vic m
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
SVTH: Nguyn Thnh Lun (thanhluanoto@gmail.com) 1
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Li ni u
Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh l yu cu khng th thiu i vi mt k s
ngnh c kh, nhm cung cp cc kin thc c s v my v kt cu my.
Thng qua n mn hc Chi tit my, mi sinh vin c h thng li cc kin
thc hc nhm tnh ton thit k chi tit my theo cc ch tiu ch yu v kh nng
lm vic; thit k kt cu chi tit my, v khung v b my; chn cp chnh xc, lp
ghp v phng php trnh by bn v, trong cung cp nhiu s liu mi v phng
php tnh, v dung sai lp ghp v cc s liu tra cu khc. Do khi thit k n chi
tit my phi tham kho cc gio trnh nh Chi tit my, Tnh ton thit k h dn ng
c kh, Dung sai v lp ghp, Nguyn l my ...tng bc gip sinh vin lm quen vi
cng vic thit k v ngh nghip sau ny ca mnh.
Trong hc phn c s thit k my, nhm cng c kin thc cho sinh vin, em
c giao ti :
THIT K H DN NG BNG TI Vi s hng dn tn tnh ca ging vin
Nguyn Vn Huyn.Nhim v ca em l thit k h dn ng bng ti gm c b
truyn ai, hp gim tc bnh rng tr rng nghing v b truyn xch. H c dn
ng bng ng c in thng qua khp ni, qua b truyn ai, hp gim tc v b
truyn xch truyn ng n bng ti.
Vi mt khi lng kin thc tng hp ln, v c nhiu phn em cha nm vng,
d tham kho cc ti liu song khi thc hin n, trong tnh ton khng th trnh
c nhng thiu st.Em mong c s gp v gip ca cc thy c gio v bn
b.
Em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy c gio trong Khoa, c bit l thy Nguyn
Vn Huyn hng dn tn tnh v cho em nhiu kin qu bu cho vic hon thnh
n mn hc ny....
Hng Yn, ngy/./.
Sinh vin: Nguyn Trng t .
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Mc lc
Bn thuyt minh n gm nhng phn chnh sau:
- Phn I : Chn ng c v phn phi t s truyn.
- Phn II : Tnh ton b truyn ai thang.
- Phn III : Tnh ton b truyn xch
- Phn IV : Tnh ton b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing.
- Phn V : Chn khp ni.
- Phn VI : Tnh ton v kim nghim trc.
- Phn VII : Tnh chn then.
- Phn VIII : Tnh chn trc.
- Phn IX : Bi trn n khp v bi trn trc.
- Phn X : Thit k v hp v cc chi tit my khc.
- Phn XI : Xy dng bn v lp v chn kiu lp ghp.
Ch thch: Ti liu [1] : Tnh ton thit k dn ng c kh tp 1
Ti liu [2] : Tnh ton thit k dn ng c kh tp 2
Ti liu [3] : Hng dn n c s thit k my
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
PHN I: CHN NG C V PHN PHI T S TRUYN
1.1. Chn ng c
* Cng sut cn thit:
- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc cng tc: P
dn
= F.v/1000
Vi F: lc ko bng ti
V: vn tc bng ti

P
dn
= 9750.0,7/1000 =6,825 kW
- Cng sut ng tr ca ng c: = P
1
2
1
( / ) /
i i i
P t t t

Trong : -P
1
: Cng sut ln nht trong cc cng sut tc dng lu di trn
trc cng tc.
- P
i
: Cng sut tc dng trong thi gian t
i
.

=
2 2
1 .4 0,6 .4
8
+
= 0,82 kW
- Cng sut tnh ton trn trc my cng tc: P
t
= P
dn
.
P
t
= 6,825.0,82 = 5,597 kW
- Hiu sut ca ton b h dn ng:
Ta gi
ht
l hiu sut ca ton b h thng c xc nh theo cng thc:

ht
=
k
.
rtru
.
ol
4
x

Theo bng 2.3 tr.19 Ti liu 1

k
hiu sut ca khp ni.
k
= 1

- hiu sut ca b truyn ai thang.
= 0,95

rtru
hiu sut ca b truyn bnh rng tr.
rtru
= 0,97

ol
hiu sut ca mt cp ln.
ol
= 0,99

x
hiu sut ca b truyn xch.
x
= 0,92

ht
=1
2
.0,95.0,97.0,99
4
.0,92= 0,8144
- Cng sut cn thit trn trc ng c: P
ct
= P
t
/ = = 5,597 /0,144 = 6,87 kW
* S vng quay ng b ca /c:
- S vng quay trn trc cng tc: n
lv
= 60000.v/(D)
Vi: v- vn tc bng ti (m/s)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
D- ng knh bng ti (mm)
n
lv
= 60000.0,7(3,14.500)= 26,75 (v/p)
- T s truyn chung ca h dn ng (s b): u
t
= u
x
.u
.u
h

Chn s b TST : b truyn xch u
x
= 3,5
hp gim tc=b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing 1 cp u
h
=4
b truyn ai u

= 4
u
t
= 3,5.4.4 = 56
- S vng quay trn trc ng c : n
sb
= n
lv
. u
t
= 26,75 .56 = 1498 (v/p)
Chn s vng quay ng b ca /c: n
b
= 1500 v/ph
* Chn ng c: Da vo bng P1.1 s dng loi ng c K132M4
Kiu
ng c
Cng sut Vn tc quay
Vng/pht
% Cos
dn
k
I
I
dn
k
T
T
Khi
lng
Kw M
lc
50Hz 60Hz
K160S4 7,5 10,
0
1450 1740 87,5 0,86 5,8 2,2 94 (kg)
1.2. Phn phi t s truyn:
* Tnh li t s truyn chung: u
t
= n
c
/ n
lv
= 1450 / 26,75 = 54
* Phn phi TST: Chn u
h
= 4, chn u
x
=3,5
Ta c: u

= u
t
/(u
h
.u
x
) = 54 /(3,5.4) = 3,86
1.3. Tnh cc thng s trn cc trc:
*Tnh ton tc quay ca cc trc :
- Trc ng c: n
c
=
k
dc
u
n
= 1450/1 =1450 (v/p)
- Trc I: n
I
=
dc
d
n
u
= 1450/3,86 = 375,6(v/p)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
- Trc II: n
II
=
I
brr
n
u
= 374,4/4 = 93,9 (v/p)
*Tnh cng sut trn cc trc:
- P
c
= p
ct
= 6,87 kW
- P
I
= P
c
.
.
ol
= = 6,87.0,95.0,99 = 6,46 kW
- P
II
= P
I
.
br
.
ol
= 6,46.0,97.0,99 = 6,2 kW
* Tnh mmen xon:
T
c
= 9,55.10
6
.P
ct
/ n
c
= 9,55.10
6
. 6,87 / 1450 = 45247,2 (Nmm)
T
1
= 9,55.10
6
.P
I
/ n
1
= 9,55.10
6
. 6,46/ 375,6 = 164251,9 (Nmm)
T
2
= 9,55.10
6
.P
II
/ n
2
= 9,55.10
6
. 6,2 / 93,9 =632585,5 (Nmm)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
1.4. Bng kt qu tnh ton :
Trc
Thng s
Trc
ng c
Trc
I
Trc
II

T s truyn
3,86 4
Cng sut
P( kW)
6,87

6,46
6,2

S vng quay
n (v/ph) 1450 375,6 93,9
Momen xon
T( N.mm)

45247,2 164251,9 632585,5
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
PHN II: TNH TON B TRUYN AI THANG
2.1. Chn tit din ai
Chn tit din ai thang:
Theo hnh 4.1 ti liu [1]
Vi P
c
=5,5 kW
n
c
= 1445 vng/pht
chn tit din ai A vi cc thng s theo bng 4,13 ti liu (1):
K
hiu
Kch thc tit din, mm
Din tch
tit din A,
mm
2 ng knh bnh
ai nh d
1
, mm
Chiu di gii hn
l, mm
b
t
B h y
o
A 11 13 8 2,8 81 100 200 560 4000
Mt ct ca ai thang
13
11
8
2
,
8
40
0
Hnh 2.1 Mt ct ngang ca ai thang:
2.2.Tnh ton s b ai
Chn ng knh bnh ai nh
d
1
= (5,2...6,4)
3
1
T
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Vi T
1
: mmen xon trn trc bnh ai nh.
T
1
=T
c
=45247,2 N.mm
d
1
= (5,26,4) .
3
2 , 45247
= (185,3.. 228,06)
Chn d
1
= 200mm
Kim tra vn tc ai
1 1
max
. . .200.1445
15,12( / )
60000 60000
d n
v m s v

<
vi v
max
= 25 m/s tho mn iu kin.
Theo (4.2) ti liu [1]
H s trt: = 0,01-0,02 chn = 0,02
Chn ng knh bnh ai ln l:
Theo (4.2) ti liu [1], chn
d
2
= u . d
1
.(1 - ) = 3,86 .200(1 - 0,02) =756,6(mm)
Theo bng 4.21 ti liu [1] chn ng knh tiu chun
d
2
= 800 mm
- Vy t s truyn thc t:
2
1
800
4,1
( 1 ) 200( 1 0,02 )
t
d
u
d

Sai s t s truyn l:
% 5 % 5 , 2 % 100 .
4
4 1 , 4
% 100 . <

u
u u
u
t
Tha mn iu kin
Chn khong cch trc v chiu di ai
Theo bng 4.14 trang 60 ti liu [1] chn khong cch trc da theo t s truyn u v
ng knh bnh ai d
2
:b
2
0,95
a
d

a=0,95. d
2
= 0,95.800=760
Kim tra iu kin a:
0,7(d
1
+ d
2
) + h a 2(d
1
+ d
2
)
0,7(d
1
+ d
2
) + h = 0,55(200+ 800) + 8 = 558
2(d
1
+ d
2
) = 2 (200 + 800) = 2000
tha mn iu kin
Theo (4.4) ti liu [1]
T khong cch trc a chn, ta c chiu di ai:
2
2 1
1 2
2
( )
2. 0,5. .( )
4.
( 800 200 )
2.760 0,5. .( 200 800 ) 3208
4.760
d d
l a d d
a
mm
+ + +
+ + +
Theo bng 4.13 ti liu [1] chiu di tiu chun
l = 3350 mm
Nghim s vng chy ca ai trong 1 giy
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Theo cng thc (4.15) ti liu [1]
max
15,12
4,51
3,35
v
i i
l
<
vi i
max
= 10 vng/giy
- Tnh li khong cch trc a theo chiu di tiu chun l = 2360 mm
Theo (4.6) trang 54 ti liu [1]
4
. 8
2 2
+

a
Trong :
2
) (
2 1
d d
l
+

2
1 2
d d

[ ]
2 2
2 1 2 1 2 1
2
2
2 ( ) [ 2 ( )] 8( )
8
2.3350 3,14.( 800 200 ) 2.3350-3,14.(800+200) 8.( 800 200 )
8
836
l d d l d d d d
a
a
a mm
+ + +

+ +

Theo (4.7) trang 54 ti liu [1] , gc m bnh ai nh
1 2 1
1
57
180 ( )
57
180 ( 800 200 ) 139
836
o
o
o
o o
d d
a

1
>
min
= 120
o
tho mn iu kin
2.3. Xc nh s ai z:
z u . l o
d 1
C . C . C . C . ] [P
K . P
z
Trong :
+ C

: h s k n nh hng ca gc m
1
Bng 4.15 trang 61 ti liu [1] C

= 1-0,0025(180- 1
) = 0,89vi = 139
o
+ C
l
: h s k n nh hng ca chiu di ai
3350
1,97
1700
o
l
l

Vi -l: chiu di ai ca b truyn ang xt.
-l
o
: Chiu di ai ly lm th nghim ghi trong bng 4.19 ti liu (1)
l
= 1,15
+ K
: h s ti trng ng
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Bng 4.7 trang 55 ti liu [1] K
= 1,1
+ C
u
: h s k n nh hng ca t s truyn
u
= 1,14 vi u = 3,86
+ [P
o
] : cng sut cho php (kW)
Bng 4.19 trang 62 ti liu [1] [P
o
] = 4,06 kW
vi v = 15,12 m/s v d
1
= 200 mm
P1/ [P0] =6,87/4,06 = 1,69
+ C
z
: h s k n nh hng ca s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc dy ai
z
= 1
Do
z = 6,87.1,1/(4,06.0,89.1,15.1,14.1) = 1,45
ly z = 1
2.4.Chiu rng ca bnh ai theo cng thc 4.17 ti liu(1)
B = (z - 1) . t + 2e
Vi z = 1, t = 15 v e = 10 Tra bng 4.21 Ti liu [1]
B = (1 - 1) . 15 + 2 . 10 =20 (mm)
ng knh ngoi ca bnh ai (vi h
o
= 3.3)
d
a
= d1 + 2h
o
= 200 + 2 . 3,3 = 206,6 (mm)
Xt lc cng bnh ai
+ Xc nh lc cng do lc li tm sinh ra:
Theo cng thc (4.20) trang 64 ti liu [1]
F
v
= q
m
. v
2
=0,105.15,12
2
+ q
m
: khi lng 1 m chiu di ai
Theo bng 4.22 trang 64 ti liu [1]
q
m
= 0,105 kg/m
+ v: vn tc vng =15,12(m/s)
+ P
1
: cng sut trn bnh ai ch ng
v
d
o
F
z C v
K P
F +
. .
. . 780
1
F0 =
1 . 89 , 0 . 12 , 15
1 , 1 . 87 , 6 . 780
+ 30 = 376,9 (N)
Lc tc dng ln trc theo cng thc (4.21) tr64 ti liu (1).
F
r
= 2F
o
. z . sin(
1
/2) = 2 . 376,9 . 1 . sin(139 /2)
F
r
= 706 (N)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
F
1
F
1
F
2
F
2
F
r O
1
d
1
n
1
1
45
1
45
O
2
d
2
2
2
n
2
a
w1
Hnh 2.3 S lc tc dng trn trc khi b truyn ai lm vic
B
t
d d
a
ho
h
Hnh dng mt ct ai
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Bng thng k
Thng s K hiu ai thang
ng knh bnh ai nh
ng knh bnh ai ln
Chiu rng bnh ai
Chiu di ai
S ai
Lc tc dng ln trc
d
1
, mm
d
2
, mm
B, mm
l, mm
z
F
r
, N
200
800
20
3350
1
706
PHN III: TNH TON B TRUYN XCH
3. 1. Chn loi xch
Do b truyn ti khng ln, ta chn loi xch ng - con ln mt dy, gi tt l xch
con ln mt dy. Loi xch ny ch to n gin, gi thnh h v c bn mn cao.
3.2. Xc nh cc thng s ca xch v b truyn xch
a. Chn s rng a xch
S rng a xch nh c xc nh theo cng thc:
z
1
= 29 - 2. u
xch
19 (2.17)
Vi u
xch
= 2 z
1
= 29 - 2. 3,5 = 22 >19
Vy: z
1
= 22 (rng)
Tnh s rng a xch ln:
z
2
= u
xch
. z
1
z
max
(2.18)
i vi xch con ln z
max
= 120, t ta tnh c: z
2
= 2,5. 22 = 77(rng)
b. Xc nh bc xch p
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Theo cng thc 5.3 ti liu (1), bc xch p c xc nh t ch tiu v bn mn
ca bn l. iu kin m bo ch tiu v bn mn ca b truyn xch c vit
di dng:
P
t
= P. k. k
z
. k
n
[P] (2.19)
Trong : P
t
- Cng sut tnh ton;
P - Cng sut cn truyn; P = 2,19 (KW)
[P]- cng sut cho php
Xc nh cng sut cho php [P] ca xch con ln: vi n
01
= 200 vng/pht, bc xch
p = 31,75 (mm), theo bng 5. 5 - tr - 81 - ti liu [1], ta c: [P] = 19,3 (KW);
k
z
- H s rng ; k
z
=
1
01
z
z
=
25
22
= 1,1363
k
n
- H s vng quay; k
n
=
01
II
n
n
=
200
92
= 2,17
H s k c xc nh theo cng thc 5.4 ti liu (1):
k = k
0
. k
a
. k
c
. k
bt
. k
. k
c
(2.20)
Trong cc h s thnh phn c chn theo bng 5.6 -tr 82 - ti liu [1],vi:
k
0
- H s k n nh hng ca v tr b truyn, k
0
= 1 (do ng ni tm
ca hai a xch so vi ng nm ngang l 45
o
<60
o
);
k
a
- H s k n nh hng ca khong cch trc v chiu di xch;
vi a = (3040)p, ta c: k
a
= 1;
k
c
- H s k n nh hng ca vic iu chnh lc cng; vi trng hp
v tr trc khng iu chnh c, ta c: k
c
= 1,25;
k
bt
- H s k n nh hng ca bi trn; vi trng hp mi trng lm
vic c bi, cht lng bi trn bnh thng), ta chn: k
bt
= 1,3;
k
- H s ti trng ng, vi trng hp ti trng va (ti trng va p), ta

chn: k
= 1,2;
k
c
- H s k n ch lm vic ca b truyn; vi trng hp s ca lm
vic l 2 ca, ta c: k
c
= 1,25;
T (II -20) ta tnh c: k = 1. 1. 1,25. 1,3. 1,2. 1,25 = 2,437
T (II -19) ta tnh c: P
t
= 2,19. 2,437. 1. 1,046= 5,79 (KW)
P
t
= 5,79 KW < [P] = 19,3 KW
Vi bc xch p = 31,75 (mm), theo bng 5.8 - tr 83 - ti liu [1]
iu kin p <p
max
c tha mn.
Tnh khong cch trc s b, ta ly:
a
sb
= 40p = 40. 31,75 = 1270(mm);
Ta xc nh s mt xch theo cng thc:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
x =
p
a 2
+
2
2 1
z z +
+
a
p z z
2
2
1 2
4
. ) (
(2.21)
x =
75 , 31
1270 . 2
+
2
60 24 +
+
1270 . 14 , 3 . 4
75 , 31 . ) 24 60 (
2
2
= 122,82
Ta ly s mt xch chn x
c
= 122, tnh li khong cch trc theo cng thc:
a
*
2 w
= 0,25.p
( )
'
1
]
1

+ + +
2
1 2 2
1 2 1 2
) (
2 )] ( 5 , 0 [ 5 , 0
z z
z z x z z x
c c (2.22)
Theo , ta tnh c:
a
*
2 w
= 0,25.31,75
( )
'
1
]
1

+ + +
2
2
14 , 3
) 24 60 (
2 )] 24 60 ( 5 , 0 122 [ 24 60 5 , 0 122
a
*
2 w
=1272,86 = 1273 (mm)
xch khng chu lc cng qu ln, ta cn gim khong cch trc i mt lng:
a = (0,0020,004)a
*
2 w , ta chn a = 0,003a
*
2 w 4 (mm)
a
w2
= a
*
2 w - a = 1273 - 4 = 1269 (mm)
S ln va p ca bn l xch trong 1 giy:
i =
c
III
x
n z
. 15
.
1
[i] (2.23)
i =
122 . 15
14 , 191 . 24
= 2,486
Theo bng 5. 9 - tr 85 - ti liu [1], ta c: [i] = 25;
i = 2,486 < [i] = 25, s va p ca cc mt xch vo cc rng trn a
xch
m bo, khng gy ra hin tng gy cc rng v t m xch.
c. Kim nghim xch v bn
Vi cc b truyn xch b qu ti ln khi m my hoc thng xuyn chu t trng va
p
trong qu trnh lm vic cn tin hnh kim nghim v qu ti theo h s an ton:
s =
v t d
F F F k
Q
+ +
0
.
[s] (2.24)
Trong : Q - Ti trng ph hng, theo bng 5. 2 - tr 78 - ti liu [1], ta c:
Q = 88,5 kN = 88500 N;
q - khi lng ca 1 mt xch, theo bng 5. 2 - tr78 - ti liu [1]
, ta c: q = 3,8 kg;
k
- H s ti trng ng, theo bng 5. 6 - tr 82 - ti liu [1], vi

GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
trng hp ti trng va p nh, ta chn k
= 1
v - vn tc trn vnh a dn z
1
:
v =
3
1
10 . 60
. .
III
n p z
(2.25)
v =
60000
14 , 191 . 75 , 31 . 24
= 2,427 (m/s)
F
t
- Lc vng trn a xch:
F
t
=
v
P . 1000
(2.26)
F
t
=
427 , 2
19 , 2 . 1000
= 902,35 (N)
F
v
- Lc cng do lc ly tm sinh ra khi lm vic:
F
v
= q. v
2
(2.27)
F
v
= 3,8. (2,427)
2
= 22,38 (N)
F
0
-Lc cng do bnh xch b ng sinh ra:
F
0
= 9,81. k
f
. q. a (2.28)
Trong k
f
l h s ph thuc vo vng f ca xch v v tr b truyn:
Vi: f = (0,010,02)a , ta ly: f = 0,015.a = 0,015. 1269 = 19,035 (mm);
k
f
= 4, ng vi trng hp b truyn nghing mt gc di 40
o

so vi
phng nm ngang;
F
0
= 9,81. 4. 3,8. 1,269 = 189,22 (N)
T , ta tnh c: s =
38 , 22 22 , 189 35 , 902 . 1
88500
+ +
= 79,44
Theo bng 5. 10 - tr 86- ti liu [1], vi n
1
= 200 vng/pht, ta c: [s] = 8,5
s = 79,44 > [s] = 8,5 ; b truyn xch m bo bn.
d. Xc nh ng knh a xch
Theo cng thc 5. 17- tr86- ti liu [1] v bng 14 -4b - tr20 - ti liu [2], ta xc nh
c cc thng s sau:
ng knh vng chia d
1
v d
2
:
d
1
=
,
_
1
sin
z
p
,
_
24
180
sin
75 , 31
o
= 243,24 (mm) Ta ly d
1
= 243 (mm)
d
2
=
,
_
2
sin
z
p
,
_
60
180
sin
75 , 31
o
= 606,65 (mm) Ta ly d
2
= 607 (mm)
ng knh vng nh d
a1
v d
a2
:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
d
a1
= p[0,5 + cotg( /z
1
)] = 31,75. [0,5 + cotg(180
o
/24)] = 257,04 (mm)
Ta ly d
a1
= 257 (mm)
d
a2
= p[0,5 + cotg( /z
2
)] = 31,75. [0,5 + cotg(180
o
/60)] = 621,7 (mm)
Ta ly d
a2
= 622 (mm)
ng knh vng y(chn) rng d
f1
v d
f2
:
d
f1
= d
a1
- 2r , trong r l bn knh y rng, c xc nh theo cng thc:
r = 0,5025.d
l
+ 0,05 (2.29)
vi d
l
= 19,05 (mm), theo bng 5. 2 - tr 78 - ti liu [1].
r = 0,5025.19,05 + 0,05 = 9,622 (mm)
do : d
f1
= 257 - 2. 9,622 = 237,75 (mm) , ta ly d
f1
= 238 (mm)
d
f2
= 622 - 2. 9,622 = 602,75 (mm) , ta ly d
f2
= 603 (mm)
Kim nghim v bn tip xc ca a xch:
ng sut tip xc
H
trn mt rng a xch phi nghim iu kin:

H
= 0,47.
( )
d
vd d t r
k A
E F K F k
.
. +
[
H
] (2.30)
Trong : [
H
] - ng sut tip xc cho php, theo bng 5. 11 - tr 86 - ti liu [1];
F
t
- Lc vng trn a xch, F
t
= 902,35 (N)
F
vd
- Lc va p trn m dy xch (m = 1), tnh theo cng thc:
F
vd
= 13. 10
-7
. n
III
. p
3
. m (2.31)
F
vd1
= 13. 10
-7
. 191,14. (31,75)
3
. 1 = 7,95 (N)
k
d
- H s phn phn b khng u ti trng cho cc dy, k
d
= 1 (xch 1
dy);
K
d
- H s ti trng ng, K
d
= 1,2 (ti trng va p nh);
k
r
- H s k n nh hng ca s rng a xch, ph thuc vo z (tr 87- ti
liu [1], vi z
1
= 24 k
r1
= 0,432
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
E =
2 1
2 1
. 2
E E
E E
+
- M un n hi , vi E
1
, E
2
ln lt l m un n hi ca
vt liu con ln v rng a xch, ly E = 2,1. 10
5
MPa;
A - Din tch chiu ca bn l, mm
2
, theo bng 5. 12 - tr 87 - ti liu [1],
ta c: A = 262(mm
2
);
Thay cc s liu trn vo cng thc (II -30), ta tnh c:
- ng sut tip xc
H
trn mt rng a xch 1:

H1
= 0,47.
( )
1 . 262
10 . 1 , 2 . 95 , 7 2 , 1 . 14 , 902 432 , 0
5
+
= 288,84 (MPa)
- ng sut tip xc
H
trn mt rng a xch 2:
Vi: z
2
= 60 k
r2
= 0,22
F
vd2
= 13. 10
-7
. n
IV
. p
3
. m = 13. 10
-7
. 76,45. (31,75)
3
. 1 = 3,18 (N)

H2
= 0,47.
( )
1 . 262
10 . 1 , 2 . 18 , 3 2 , 1 . 35 , 902 222 , 0
5
+
= 205,67 (MPa)
Nh vy:
H1
= 288,84 MPa < [
H
] = 600 MPa ;
H2
= 205,67 MPa < [
H
] = 600
MPa;
Ta c th dng vt liu ch to a xch l gang xm C 24 -44, phng php nhit
luyn l ti, ram (do a b ng c s rng ln z
2
= 60 50 v vn tc xch v = 2,427
m/s < 3 m/s) t rn l HB = 350 s m bo c bn tip xc cho rng ca hai
a xch.
f. Xc nh cc lc tc dng ln a xch
Lc cng trn bnh xch ch ng F
1
v trn bnh xch b ng F
2
:
F
1
= F
t
+ F
2
; F
2
= F
0
+ F
v
(2.32)
Trong tnh ton thc t, ta c th b qua lc F
0
v F
v
nn F
1
= F
t
v vy lc tc dng ln
trc c xc nh theo cng thc:
F
r
= k
x
. F
t
(2.33)
Trong : k
x
- H s k n nh hng ca trng lng xch; vi k
x
= 1,15 khi b
truyn nm ngang hoc nghing mt gc nh hn 40
o
;
F
t
- Lc vng trn a xch, F
t
= 902,35 (N);
F
r
= 1,15. 902,35 = 1037,7 (N)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
F
2
F
rx
O
1
d
1
n
1
1
15
15
n
2
aw2
d
2
F
1
2
Hnh 3.1 - S lc tc dng ln trc khi b truyn xch lm vic
b
d
d
f
d
a
Hnh 3.2 Hnh v mt ct bnh xch
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Bng 2.4 Bng thng s kch thc ca b truyn xch
Cc i lng Thng s
Khong cch trc a
w2
= 1269 mm
S rng a ch ng z
1
= 24
S rng a b ng z
2
= 60
T s truyn u
xch
= 2,5
S mt ca dy xch x = 122
ng knh vng chia ca a xch Ch ng: d
1
= 243 mm
B ng: d
2
= 607 mm
ng knh vng nh ca a xch Ch ng: d
a1
= 257 mm
B ng: d
a2
= 622 mm
ng knh vng chn rng ca a xch Ch ng: d
f1
= 238 mm
B ng: d
f2
= 603 mm
B rng ca rng a xch (khng ln hn) B = 19,05 mm
Bc xch p = 31,75 mm

PHN IV: TNH TON B TRUYN BNH RNG TR - RNG NGHING
4.1. Chn vt liu ch to bnh rng
Bnh nh : Chn vt liu l thp C45 cng tin hnh ti ci thin sau khi gia cng c
cc thng s k thut ( cng,gii hn bn v gii hn bn chy)
Bnh ln: Chn vt liu l thp C45 cng tin hnh ti ci thin sau khi gia cng c
cc thng s k thut ( cng, gii hn bn v gii hn bn chy)
Tn Vt liu

b

ch
HB
Bnh rng 1 Thp 45 ti ci tin 850 580 250
Bnh rng 2 Thp 45 ti ci tin 750 450 240
4. 2 Xc nh ng sut cho php
- ng sut tip xc cho php [
H
] v ng sut un cho php [
F
] c xc nh
theo cng thc sau:
[
H
] =
H
H
S
lim
0
. Z
R
.Z
v
.K
xH
.K
HL
(3. 34)

GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
[
F
] =
F
F
S
lim
0
. Y
R
.Y
s
.K
xF
.K
FC
.K
FL
(3. 35)
Trong :
Z
R
- H s xt n nhm ca mt rng lm vic;
Z
v
- H s xt n nh hng ca vn tc vng;
K
xH
- H s xt n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng;
Y
R
- H s xt n nh hng ca nhm mt ln chn rng;
Y
s
- H s xt n nhy ca vt liu i vi tp trung ng sut;
K
xF
- H s xt n kch thc bnh rng nh hng n bn un;
Trong thit k s b, ta ly: Z
R
Z
v
K
xH
= 1 v : Y
R
YsK
xF
= 1 , theo cc cng thc
(3. 17) v (3.18) tr thnh:

[
H
] =
H
HL H
S
K .
lim
0
(3. 34a)
[
F
] =
F
FL FC F
S
K K . .
lim
0
(3. 35a)
Trong :

lim
0
H
v
lim
0
F
ln lt l cc ng sut tip xc cho php v ng sut
un cho php ng vi s chu k c s, tra bng 6. 2 - tr 94 - ti liu [1], vi thp 45
ti ci thin t rn HB = (180350, ta c:

lim
0
H
= 2HB + 70 ; S
H
= 1,1 ;

lim
0
F
= 1,8HB ; S
F
= 1,75 ;
Vi S
H
, S
F
- H s an ton khi tnh v tip xc v un;
Thay cc kt qu trn vo cc cng thc, ta c:

1 lim
0
H
= 2HB
1
+ 70 = 2.250 + 70 = 570 Mpa;

2 lim
0
H
= 2HB
2
+ 70 = 2.240 + 70 = 550 Mpa;

1 lim
0
F
= 1,8. HB
1
= 1,8 . 250 = 450 MPa ;

2 lim
0
F
= 1,8 . HB = 1,8 . 240 = 432 MPa ;
K
FC
- H s xt n nh hng t ti, K
FC
= 1 khi t ti mt pha (b truyn quay
mt chiu) ;
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
K
HL
, K
FL
- H s tui th, xt n nh hng ca thi hn phc v v ch ti
trng ca b truyn, c xc nh theo cc cng thc:
K
HL
=
H
m
HE
HO
N
N
(3. 36)

K
FL
=
F
m
FE
FO
N
N
(3. 37)
Trong :
m
H
, m
F
- Bc ca ng cong mi khi th v tip xc v un ;
m
H
= m
F
= 6 khi rn mt rng HB 350 ;
N
HO
- S chu k thay i ng sut c s khi th v tip xc;
Vi:
N
HO
= 30.H
4 , 2
HB
(3. 38)
N
HO1
= 30. 250
2,4
= 17067789
N
HO2
= 30. 240
2,4

= 15474913
N
FO
- S chu k thay i ng sut c s khi th v un;
N
FO
= 4. 10
6
i vi tt c cc loi thp;
N
HE
, N
FE
- S chu k thay i ng sut tng ng. Khi b truyn chu ti trng thay
i nhiu bc:
N
HE
= 60.c.
( )
i i i
t n M M
3
max
/
(3. 39)
N
FE
= 60.c.
( )
i i
m
i
t n M M
F
max
/
(3.40)
Trong :
c - S ln n khp trong mt vng quay ca bnh rng;
n
i
- S vng quay ca bnh rng trong mt pht;
M
i
- M men xon ch th i;
M
max
- M men xon ln nht tc dng ln bnh rng ang xt;
t
i
- Tng s gi lm vic ca bnh rng t
i
= 24000( gi).
Ta c: vi bnh rng nh (bnh rng 1):
c = 1; n
II
= 578 vng/pht ;
vi bnh rng ln (bnh rng 2):
c = 1; n
III
= 152,9 vng/pht.

N
HE1
= 60. 1. 578. 24000.[(1)
3
.0,5 + (0,6)
3
. 0,5] =506050560
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
N
HE2
= 60. 1. 152,9. 24000.[(1)
3
.0,5 + (0,6)
3
. 0,5] = 133867008
N
FE1
= 60. 1. 361,25. 24000.[(1)
6
.0,5 + (0,6)
6
. 0,5] = 435576361
N
FE2
= 60. 1. 229,22. 24000.[(1)
6
.0,5 + (0,6)
6
. 0,5] = 115224265,7
Nh vy: N
HE1
> N
HO1
, N
HE2
> N
HO2
;

N
FE1
> N
FO!
, N
FE2
> N
FO2
.
K
HL1
= 1 , K
HL2
= 1;
K
FL1
= 1 , K
FL2
= 1.
Theo cng thc (II -17a) v (II - 18a), ta tnh c:
[
H
]
1
=
1 , 1
1 . 570
= 518,181 Mpa;
[
H
]
2
=
1 , 1
1 . 550
= 500 Mpa;
[
F
]
1
=
75 , 1
1 . 1 . 450
= 257,143 MPa;
[
F
]
2
=
75 , 1
1 . 1 . 432
= 246,857 Mpa.
Vi b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing, ng sut tip xc cho php l gi tr nh hn
trong hai gi tr tnh ton ca [
H
]
1
v [
H
]
2
.
[
H
] =
[ ] [ ]
2
2 1 H H
+
=509,0905 Mpa.
*Kim tra s b ng sut:
1,25
[ ]
min H
= 1,25.500=625 Mpa > [

H
] =509,0905 Mpa.
* ng sut tip xc v ng sut un cho php khi qu ti c xc nh theo cng
thc:
[
H
]
max
= 2,8
ch
(3. 41)
[
F
]
max
= 0,8
ch
(3.42)
[
H1
]
max
= 2,8. 580 = 1624 Mpa;
[
H2
]
max
= 2,8. 450 = 1260 Mpa;
[
F1
]
max
= 0,8. 580 = 464 Mpa;
[
F2
]
max
= 0,8. 450 = 360 Mpa.
4.3 - Xc nh cc thng s c bn ca b truyn.
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
a) Xc nh khong cch trc:
Ta c cng thc 6.15a - tr 96 ti liu [1 ]:
a
w
= K
a
.(u + 1).
[ ]
3
2
. .
.
ba H
H II
u
K T

trong :
- K
a
: H s ph thuc vt liu ca cp bnh rng v loi rng. Vi cp bnh rng
nghing lm bng thp tra bng 6-5 tr 96 ti liu [1]
=> K
a
= 43 Mpa
1/3
- T
II
: Mmen xon trn trc ch ng M
II
= 30260,44Nmm
- [
H
]
sb
= 509,0905 Mpa
-
ba
= b
w
/a
w
H s chiu rng tra bng 6-6 (I) ta c
ba
= 0,3
- u l t s truyn u = u
2
= 3,78- K
H
: H s c xc nh da vo h s ng knh
bd

bd
= 0,53.
ba
(u + 1)
=>
bd
=0,53.0,3.(3,78+1) = 0,76
Tra bng 6-7 tr 96 ti liu [1] b truyn ng vi s 6 v HB < 350 nn
= > K
H
= 1,01 v K
F
= 1,03
vy a
w
= 43.(3,78 + 1).
( )
3
2
3 , 0 . 78 , 3 . 0905 , 509
,01 30260,44.1
=96,023 mm
Chn a
w
= 100 mm
b) Xc nh ng knh vng ln bnh nh
d
w
=K
d
.
[ ]
3
2
. .
) 1 .( .
ba H
H II
u
u K T

+
Trong :
K
d
- h s ph thuc vo vt liu ca cp bnh rng,Theo bng (6.5) ti liu [1]
ta c K
d
=67,5 Mpa
1/3
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
=>d
w
=67,5.
( )
3
2
3 , 0 . 78 , 3 . 0905 , 509
1) 8 .1,01.(3,7 30260,44 +
= 53,47 mm
4- Xc nh thng s n khp.
+) Xc nh mun ta c m = (0,01 0,02)a
w

=> m = (0,01 0,02).100 = (1, 0 2, 0) mm
Kt hp vi bng 6-8 tr 99 - ti liu [1] chn mun tiu chun m = 2 mm
S b chn gc nghing = 10
o
+) S rng bnh nh:
Z
1
=
) 1 (
10 cos . . 2
34
+
u m
a
=
) 1 78 , 3 .( 2
10 cos . 100 . 2
+
= 20,5 Chn Z
1
= 20(rng)
+) S rng bnh ln:
Z
2
= u.Z
1
= 3,78.21= 75,6(rng) Ly Z
2
= 76(rng)
=> TST thc l: u
m
= Z
2
/Z
1
= 76/20 = 3,8
Z
t
= Z
1
+ Z
2
= 20+76=96(rng)
Tnh li khong cch trc theo(6.21)

96
2
96 . 2
2
.

t
w
z m
a
(mm)
R rng l a
w
tnh theo (6.21) khc vi a
w
tnh theo (6.15a) ni chung n l mt s l. tr
s ca a
w
c quyt nh ty thuc vo quy m sn xut v yu cu c th khi thit k
Khi gc nghing rng thc t c gi tr xc nh nh sau:
v gc nghing thc t l:

( ) ( )
967 , 0
100 . 2
2 . 76 20
. 2
2 1
w
n
a
m Z Z
Cos
= 16,26
0
5- Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc.
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
p dng cng thc Hezt ta xc nh c ng sut tip xc xut hin trn rng phi
tha mn iu kin
H
=
nh w
w
nh H
H M
U b d
U K T
Z Z Z
. .
) 1 .( . . 2
.
1
2
1
+
[
H
] = 509,0905 (MPa).
Trong : - Z
M
: H s xt n nh hng c tnh vt liu;
- Z
H
: H s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc;
- Z
: H s k n s trng khp ca rng;

- K
H
: H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc, vi K
H
= K
H
.K
HV
. K
H
.
- b
w
: Chiu rng vnh rng.
- d
w1
: ng knh vng chia ca bnh ch ng.
Xc nh ng xut tip xc:
Bnh rng nh:
- Z
M
: H s xt n nh hng c tnh vt liu; Z
M
= 274 Mpa
1/3
V bnh rng l
thp tra Bng 6.5 (Trang 96- ti liu [1]).
Theo (6.35):
vi
t
=arctg(tg20
o
/cos)=arctg(tg20
0
/0,96)=20,76
(tg
b
=cos
t
.tg=cos(20,76)tg(16,26)=tg(15,25)
Vy
b
=
0
25 , 15
theo TCVN 1065-71 =20
0
- Z
H
: H s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc;
Z
H
=
7 , 1
) 67 , 20 . 2 sin(
26 , 16 cos . 2
2 sin
cos 2
0

tw

- b
w
: Chiu rng vnh rng.
b
w
= 0,3.a
w
= 0,3.100= 30(mm ).

= [1,88 3,2 (1/Z
1
+1/Z
2
)].cos = [1,88 3,2 (1/20 +1/76)].cos(16,26
0
) = 1,61
v=.d
w
.n
2
/60000=1,577
Do vn tc bnh dn: v = 1,577 m/s < 2 m/s tra Bng 6.13 (Trang 106- ti liu [1]) ta
c cp chnh xc ng hc l 9 tra Bng 6.14 (Trang 107- ti liu [1]) ta xc nh -
c : K
H
= 1,13.
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
- Z
: H s k n s trng khp ca rng;

Z
=
788 , 0
1
.
- K
H
: H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc, vi K
H
= K
H
.K
HV
. K
H
.
- d
w1
: ng knh vng chia ca bnh ch ng.
- d
w1
= 2.a
w
/(u+1) = 2.100/(3,78+1)=41,8 (mm).

- T
1
=
44 , 30260
(N.mm).
Cn
'

+ +
1 8 4 , 1 7 8 , 3 / 1 0 0 . 5 7 7 , 1 . 7 3 . 0 0 2 , 0 . . .
0 2 8 , 1
1 3 , 1 . 0 3 , 1 . 4 4 , 3 0 2 6 0 . 2
8 4 , 4 1 . 3 0 . 5 7 7 , 1
1
. . . 2
. .
1
1
1
u
a
v g
K K T
d b
K
o H H
H H
H v
Bng 6.15 (Trang 107-ti liu[1]

H
= 0,002.
Bng 6.16 (Trang 107- ti liu[1]) g
o
= 73.
Bng 6.7 (Trang 98- ti liu[1]) K
H
= 1,01
K
H
= K
H
.K
HV
. K
H
=1,03.1,13.1,025= 1,193
Thay s :
H
=
717 , 478
8 , 41 . 78 , 3 . 30
) 1 78 , 3 .( 193 , 1 . 44 , 30260 . 2
7728 , 0 . 713 , 1 . 274
2

+
(Mpa).
Tnh chnh xc ng sut tip xc cho php : [
H
] = [
H
]. Z
R
Z
V
K
xH
.
Vi v =1,577 m/s Z
V
= 1 (v v < 5m/s ), Vi cp chnh xc ng hc l 9, chn
mc chnh xc tip xc l 9. Khi cn gia cng t nhm l R
a
=1,25 0,63 m.
Do Z
R
= 1 vi d
a
< 700mm K
xH
= 1.
[
H
] = 509,0905.1.1.1=509,0905 MPa.
Nhn thy rng
H
< [
H
] do bnh rng nghing ta tnh ton p ng c
iu kin bn do tip xc.
6- Kim nghim bn un.
bo m bnh rng trong qu trnh lm vic khng b gy rng th ng sut un tc
dng ln bnh rng
F
phi nh hn gi tr ng sut un cho php [
F
] hay:
iu kin bn un cho rng:

F1
=
1
1 1
. .
. . . . . 2
w nw
F F
d m b
Y Y Y K T

[
F1
]
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc

F2
=
1
2 1
.
F
F F
Y
Y
[
F2
]
Trong :
T
1
- M men xon trn bnh ch ng, T
1
= 30260,44 Nmm;
m
nw
- M un php trung bnh, vi bnh rng tr rng nghing m
nw
= m
tw
=
2(mm);
bw -Chiu rng vnh rng, b = 30 (mm);
d
w1
-ng knh trung bnh ca bnh rng ch ng, d
w1
= 41.8 (mm);

z
vn1
=
3
1
cos
z
(3.59)
z
vn2
=
3
2
cos
z
(3.60)
z
vn1
=
) 26 , 16 ( cos
20
0 3 = 22.6
z
vn2
=
) 26 , 16 ( cos
76
0 3 = 85,90
Y
F1
, Y
F2
- H s dng rng ca bnh rng 1 v 2, c tnh theo cng thc sau:
Theo bng 6. 18 - tr 109 - Ti liu [1], ta c: Y
F1
= 3,39 ; Y
F2
= 3,50;
Vi h s dch chnh x1=x2=0,5 (khi

= 1,674 v HB2 320, HB1-
HB2 70)
Y
1
- H s k n s trng khp ca rng, vi

l h s trng khp ngang,
ta c

= 1,674
Y
=
1,674
1
=0,597
Y
-H s k n nghing ca rng,
Y
=1-

/140 =1- 1,674/140 =0,988
K
F
- H s ti trng khi tnh v un;
Vi: K
F
= K
F
. K
F
. K
Fv
(3.61)
Trong :
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
K
F
- H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn vnh rng,
theo bng 6. 7- tr 98- ti liu [1], ta c: K
F
= 1,03;
K
F
- H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc i rng ng
thi n khp, vi bnh rng tr rng nghing theo bng 6. 14- tr 107- ti liu [1]
K
F
= 1,37;
K
Fv
- H s k n ti trng ng xut hin trong vng n khp, tnh theo
cng thc(tng t khi tnh v tip xc):
K
Fv
= 1 +
F F
m F
K K T
d b v
. . . 2
. .
1
1
(3.62)
Vi v
F
=
F
. g
0
. v.
u
u d
m
) 1 (
1
+
(3.63)
Trong :

F
- H s k n nh hng ca sai s n khp, theo bng 6. 15 - tr 107 - ti
liu [1], ta chn
F
= 0,006;
g
0
- H s k n nh hng ca sai lch bc rng, theo bng 6. 16 - tr 107 -
ti liu [1], vi cp chnh xc 9, do m un bnh rng ng vi n 3mm, ta chn g
0
=
73;
v - vn tc vng (nh tnh v tip xc), v = 1,74 (m/s)
d
m1
- ng knh ca bnh rng nh, d
m1
= 41,8 (mm)
u - t s truyn thc t, u
m
= 3,77;
b - Chiu rng vnh rng, b = 30 (mm) ;
T
1
- M men xon trn trc ca bnh rng ch ng, T
1
= 30260,44 (Nmm);
v
F
= 0,006. 73. 1,57.
8 , 3
) 1 8 , 3 .( 41,8 +
= 5,028
Thay cc kt qu trn vo cng thc (3.44), ta tnh c:
K
Fv
= 1 +
37 , 1 . 03 , 1 . 44 , 30260 . 2
8 , 41 . 30 . 028 , 5
= 1,074
T cng thc (3 -61), ta tnh c:
K
F
= 1,03. 1,37. 1,074 = 1,515
Kt hp cc kt qu trn, thay vo cng thc (3.39) v (3.40), ta c:

F1
=
8 , 41 . 5 , 1 . 30
39 , 3 . 895 , 0 . 0,617 . 515 , 1 . 44 , 30260 . 2
= 91,25(Mpa)

F2
=
39 , 3
50 , 3 . 088 , 84
= 94,21 (Mpa)
T ta thy rng:

F1
=91,25 Mpa < [
F1
] = 257,143 Mpa;
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc

F2
= 94,21 Mpa < [
F2
] = 246,857 Mpa.
Nh vy iu kin bn mi un c m bo.
7- Kim nghim bn qu ti.
+) Kim nghim qu ti tip xc:

Hmax
=
H
. bd
K
vi K
qt
= K
b
= 1,5
=>
Hmax
= 518,18.
5 , 1
= 634,63 < [
H1
]
max
=1624 Mpa, [
H2
]
max
=1260 Mpa
+) Kim nghim qu ti un: Theo 6.48

F1max
=
F1
.k
qt
= 91,25.1,5 = 136,875 < [
F1
]
max
= 464 Mpa
F2max
=
F2
.k
qt
= 94,21.1,5 = 141,315 < [
F2
]
max
= 360 Mpa
Vy bnh rng m bo bn qu ti.
8. Thng s c bn ca b truyn
- Khong cch trc: a
w
= 100 (mm).
- Mun php bnh rng: m =2 (mm.)
- Chiu rng bnh rng: b
w
= 30 (mm).
- S rng bnh rng: Z
1
= 20 v Z
2
= 76
- Gc nghing ca rng: = 16,26
0
.
- Gc prfin gc : = 20
.
- Gc n khp:
t
=
t
= arctg(tg /cos ) = 20,67
0
.
- ng knh chia : d
1
= m.Z
1
/cos =2.20/cos(16,26
o
) = 41,7 (mm).
d
2
= m.Z
2
/cos =2.76/cos(16,26
o
) = 158,33 (mm).
- ng knh nh rng : d
a1
= d
1
+ 2.m = 41,7+2. 2=45,7 (mm).
d
a2
= d
2
+ 2.m = 158,33 +2.2 =162,33 (mm).
- ng knh y rng : d
f1
= d
1
2,5.m=41,7- 2,5.2 = 36,7 (mm).
d
f2
= d
2
- 2,5.m=158,33-2,5.2 =153,33(mm).
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Fa1 Fa2
Fr1
Fr2
Ft1
Ft2
n1
n2
F rd 1
Fr x2
y
z
x
Hnh 4.1: s tc dng lc ln b truyn bnh rng khi lm vic
Thng s lc n khp ca b truyn bnh rng nghing:
-Lc tc dung ln bnh rng nghing nh
+Lc vng:
F
x1
=
1
1
.
. 2
w
d
T
=
7 , 41
44 , 30260 . 2
=1447,8 N
+ Lc hng chiu trc F
z1
:
F
z1
=F
x1
. tg
tw
. cos (IV -18)
F
z1
=1447,8. Tg20,67
0
. cos16,26
0
=527,19 N
+Lc hng knh:F
y1
:
F
y
=F
x1
. tg (IV -19)
F
y
=1447,8. tg16,26
0
=378,2 N
-Lc tc dung ln bnh rng nghing ln:
+Lc vng:
F
x1=
F
x2
=1447,8 N
+Lc hng chiu trc F
z2
:
F
z1
= F
z2
=527,19 N
+Lc hng knh:F
y2

F
y2
= F
y1
= 378,2 N
8.1- Lp bng thng s
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc

PHN V: CHN KHP NI
1.Tnh chn khp ni gia trc ng c v trc ca bnh ai I.
- Chn kt cu ni trc:
Ta chn kt cu ni trc vng n hi vi nhng u im: cu to n gin, d ch
to, d thay th, lm vic tin cy.
M men xon cn truyn gia hai trc: T = T
1
= M
I
= 8023,32 Nmm = 8,023 Nm;
Chn khp ni vng n hi c ng knh trc ni bng ng knh ca trc ng
c d = 28 (mm)
- Theo bng 16. 10a - tr 68,69 Ti liu [2] ta c bng kch thc c bn ca ni
trc vng n hi nh sau:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
STT Thng s K hiu Gi tr
1 Khong cch trc a
w
100 mm
2 T s truyn u 3,78
3 Chiu rng vnh rng b
w
30 mm
4 Mun php m 2 mm
5 Gc nghing rng

16,26
0
7 S rng Z Z
3
= 20
Z
4
= 76
8 ng knh vng ln d
w
d
w1
= 41,7 mm
d
w2
= 158,33 mm
9 ng knh vng nh d
a
d
a1
= 45,7 mm
d
a2
= 162,33 mm
10 ng knh vng y d d
1
= 36,7 mm
d
2
=153,33 mm
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
d
m
d
D
0
D
l
1
l
2
D
3
d
1
l
2
l
l
1
l
3
h
B l
L B
1
d
c
Hnh5.1- Hnh v minh ha ni trc vng n hi.
T,
Nm
d
mm
D
mm
d
m
mm
L
mm
l
mm
d
1
mm
D
0
mm
Z n
max
v/p
B
mm
B
1
mm
l
1
mm
D
3
mm
l
2
mm
125 28 125 65 165 80 56 90 4 460
0
5 42 30 28 32
Bng 3.2- Kch thc c bn ca vng n hi
T,
Nm
d
c
mm
d
1
mm
D
2
mm
L
mm
l
1
mm
l
2
mm
l
3
mm
H
mm
125 14 M10 20 62 34 15 28 1,5
Chn vng n hi bng cao su.
- Kim nghim bn ca vng n hi v cht:
Theo iu kin sc bn dp ca vng n hi, cng thc trang 69 Ti liu [2]

d
=
3 0
. . .
2
l d D Z
kT
c
[
d
] (III -1)
Trong : k - H s ch lm vic, theo bng 16. 1 - tr 58 - Ti liu [2],
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
vi my cng tc l bng ti, ta chn k = 1,8;
[
d
] - ng sut dp cho php ca vng n hi cao su, ly [
d
] = 3 MPa;

d
=
28 . 14 . 90 . 4
32 , 8023 . 8 , 1 . 2
= 0,2(MPa) < [
d
] = 3 (MPa); tha mn iu kin
bn dp ca vng n hi cao su.
- Kim nghim v sc bn ca cht theo cng thc:

u
=
Z D d
l T k
c
. . . 1 , 0
. .
0
3
0
[
u
] (III -2)
Trong : l
0
= l
1
+
2
2
l
= 34 + 16 = 50 (mm)
[
u
] - ng sut un cho php ca vt liu lm cht, [
u
] = (6080) MPa;

u
=
4 . 90 . 14 . 1 , 0
50 . 32 , 8023 . 8 , 1
3
= 7,31 (MPa) < [
u
]; tha mn iu kin bn un ca
cht.
Nh vy, khp ni vng n hi c cc thng s nu trn l hp l.
- Tnh lc khp ni:
F
kn
= (0,20,3)F
'
t
(III -3)
Vi F
'
t
- lc vng trn khp ni, F
'
t
=
t
I
D
T . 2
(III -4)
Trong : T
I
- M men xon trn trc I, T
I
= 8023,32(Nmm);
D
t
- ng knh vng trn qua tm cc cht, theo bng 3.1 v hnh 3.1,
ta c D
t
= 90 (mm);
F
'
t =
90
32 , 8023 . 2
= 178,29 (N)
T ta tnh c: F
kn
= (0,20,3). 178,29 = (35,6653,488) (N);
Chn gi tr trung bnh ca hai gi tr trn, ta c: F
kn
= 44,57 (N)
PHN VI: TNH TON KIM NGHIM TRC
1.1.Chn vt liu .
Vt liu dng ch to trc cn c bn cao, t nhy cm vi s tp trung ng
sut d gia cng v c th nhit luyn d dng. Cho nn thp cacbon v thp hp kim l
nhng vt liu ch yu ch to trc. Vic la chn thp hp kim hay thp cacbon tuy
thuc iu kin lm vic trc c chu ti trng ln hay khng.
i vi trc ca hp gim tc lm vic trong iu kin chu ti trng trung bnh th ta
chn vt liu lm trc l thp C45 thng ho c c tnh nh sau
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
b
= 600 Mpa;
ch
= 340 Mpa; Vi cng l 200 HB.
ng sut xon cho php [ ] = 12 30 Mpa tu thuc vo v tr t lc ta ang xt.
S s b b truyn trong hp gim tc (Hnh 1).
Hnh 6.1 Khong cch gia cc gi
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
P
V

Hnh 6.2: Chiu quay ca cc trc
Fa 1 Fa 2
Fr 1
Fr 2
Ft 1
Ft 2
n1
n2
F r d 1
F r x 2
y
z
x
Hnh 6.3. Chiu quay v lc tc dng ln trc khi bnh rng lm vic
2.1.Tnh thit k trc.
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
1. Xc nh s b ng knh trc.
ng knh trc s b c xc nh theo cng thc
[ ]
3
. 2 , 0
T
d
(mm).
Trong : - T l mmen xon tc dng ln trc.
T
I
= 8023,32 Nmm; T
II
= 30260,44 Nmm; T
III
= 109419,79 Nmm; T
IV
=
248567,8 Nmm
- [ ]= 12 30 (MPa) l ng sut xon cho php. Chn [ ]= 15
-ng knh s b trc 1
d
sb
I

3
] .[ 2 , 0
I
T
=
3
15 . 2 , 0
8023,32
= 13,88 (mm);
ph hp vi ng c ta ly d
sb
I
= 28 (mm)
d
sb
II

3
] .[ 2 , 0
II
T
=
3
15 . 2 , 0
30260,44
= 21,6 (mm); ly d
sb
II
= 25 (mm)

d
sb
III

3
] .[ 2 , 0
III
T
=
3
15 . 2 , 0
109419,79
= 33,16 (mm); ly d
sb
III
= 35 (mm)
d
sb
IV

3
] .[ 2 , 0
IV
T
=
3
15 . 2 , 0
248567,8
= 43,59 (mm); ly d
sb
IV
= 45 (mm)
- .Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi v im t lc:
Tra bng 10.2 ,t ng knh s b d ,xc nh gn ng chiu rng ln b
o
ta chn d
I
= 28 (mm);
- ng knh s b ca trc II: d
sb
II
=25 (mm);
- ng knh s b ca trc III: d
sb
III
= 35 (mm);
- ng knh s b ca trc IV: d
sb
IV
= 45 (mm).
Da vo ng knh s b ca cc trc va tnh ton, ta xc nh c gn ng chiu
rng ca ln, theo bng 10. 2 - tr 189 Ti liu [1] , ta c:
- Vi: d
sb
I
= 28 (mm) b
o1
= 19 (mm);
- Vi: d
sb
II
= 25 (mm) b
o2
= 17 (mm);
- Vi: d
sb
III
= 35 (mm) b
o3
= 21 (mm);
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
- Vi: d
sb
IV
= 45 (mm) b
o4
= 25 (mmn).
- Phn tch lc tc dng ln b truyn:
Xc nh cc kch thc lin quan n b truyn:
- Chiu di moay bnh ai, moay a xch c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
l
mki
= (1,21,5)d
k
(IV -2)
Trong : d
k
l ng knh ca trc a xch hoc bnh ai;
Chiu di moay a xch: l
m33
=(1,21,5). 35 = (4252,5) mm ;
ly l
m33
= 47 (mm);
Chiu di moay bnh ai b dn: l
m22
=(1,21,5). 25 = (30 37,5) mm;
ly: l
m22
= 35 (mm);
Chiu di moay bnh ai dn (vi d
k
bng 0,8 ln ng knh ca trc ng
c):
l
m13
= (1,21,5).d = (38,448) mm; ly: l
m13
= 45 (mm);
- Chiu di moay bnh rng tr rng nghing xc nh theo cng thc:
l
mki
= (1,21,5)d
k
(IV -3)
Trong d
k
l ng knh ca trc bnh rng tr rng nghing
Chiu di moay bnh rng tr rng nghing nh:
l
m23
= (1,21,4). 25 = (3035) mm; ly l
m23
= 32 (mm);
Chiu di moay bnh rng tr rng nghing ln:
l
m32
= (1,21,4). 35 = (4249) mm; ly l
m32
= 45 (mm);
- Chiu di moay na khp ni (i vi ni trc vng n hi):
l
mki
= (1,42,5)d
k
(IV -4)
Trong d l ng knh ca trc bnh ai dn, c ni vi trc ca ng c bng kt
cu ni trc vng n hi. Theo , ta c d
I
= 32 (mm)
l
m12
= (1,42,5). 28 = (39,270) mm; ly l
m12
= 55 (mm)
- Cc khong cch khc c chn trong bng 10. 3 - tr 189 - Ti liu [1],, ta
c:
+ Khong cch t mt cnh ca chi tit quay n thnh trong ca hp hoc khong
cch gia cc chi tit quay: k
1
= (815) mm; ly k
1
= 10 (mm);
+ Khong cch t mt cnh ca n thnh trong ca hp:
k
2
= (515) mm; ly k
2
= 8 (mm);
+ Khong cch t mt cnh ca chi tit quay n np :
k
3
= (1020) mm; ly k
3
= 15 (mm);
+ Chiu cao np v u bu lng:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
h
n
= (1520) mm; ly h
n
=20 (mm)
-S dng cc k hiu nh sau
K: s th t ca trc trong hp gim tc
i:s th t ca tit din trc ,trn lp cc chi tit c tham gia truyn ti trng
l
ki
:khong cch t gi O n tit din th I trn trc k
l
mki
:chiu di may ca chi tit quay th I trn trc k
l
cki
: khong cng xn trn trc th k tnh t chi tit th i ngoI hp gim tc n
gi .
L
cki
=0,5(l
mki
+b
0
) +K
3
+h
n
-Trc I :
l
c12
=0,5(l
m12
+ b
o
) +K
3
+h
n
=0,5(55+19)+15+20
=72 (mm)
theo bng 10.4Ti liu[1] ,ta c
l
12
=-l
c12
=-72(mm) ,chn l
12
=72(mm)
l
13
=0,5(l
m13
+ b
o
)+K
1
+ K
2
=0,5(45+19)+10+5
=47(mm) chn l
13
=47 (mm).
l
11
=2.l
13
=2.45=90(mm) .
-Trc II:
l
21
=l
11
=2.45 = 90(mm)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
l
23
=0,5(l
m23
+b
o
)+K
1
+K
2
=0,5(32+19)+15+20
=60,5(mm) ,chn l
23
=61(mm)
l
22
=l
13
=45(mm)
3 .Xc nh ng knh v chiu di cc on trc
3.1:trc 1
x
z
y
Fy12
Fy10
Fr1
Fx12
Ft1
Fx11
Fy11
Fa1
Fx10
Fr
Fy12
Fx12
Fr
15
C
D
B
A
l11
l13
l12

Hnh 6.4 S cc lc tc dng ln trc hai
a. Xc nh cc lc tc dng ln trc
- Cc lc tc dng ln trc I gm c:
+ M men xon t trc I truyn cho trc I, M
I
= 30260,44 (Nmm);
+Lc vng:
F
t1
=
86 , 1447
8 , 41
30260,44 . 2 . 2
13
1

w
d
T
(N)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
+ Lc hng tm F
r1
:
F
r1
=F
t1
. tg
tw
. cos (V -3)
F
r1
=1447,86. Tg20,625
0
. cos14,64
0
=527,24 N
+Lc dc trc :F
a1
:
F
a1
=F
t1
. tg (V -4)
F
a1
=1447,86. tg14,64
0
=378,22 N
- Lc ca bnh ai tc dng ln trc:
do ng ni tm ca b truyn ai lm vi phng ngang 1 gc = 15
o
do lc F
R
t bnh ai tc dng ln trc c phn tch thnh hai lc:
F
x12
= F
R
sin = 302,689. Sin15 = 78,34(N)
F
y12
= F
R
cos = 302,689.cos15 = 292,37 (N)
Tnh phn lc ti cc gi B v D:
- Gi s chiu ca cc phn lc ti cc gi B v C theo hai phng x v y nh
hnh v. Ta tnh ton c cc thng s nh sau:
+ Phn lc theo phng ca trc y:
M
x(D)
= F
y12
.(l
11
+l
12
)+F
y10
.l
11
-F
r1
.(l
11
-l
13
)

-F
a1.dw1
/2= 0
F
y10
=
11
12 11 12 13 11 1
1
1
) ( ) .(
2
.
l
l l F l l F
d
F
y r
w
a
+ +
F
y10
=
90
162 . 37 , 292 45 . 24 , 527
2
8 , 41
. 22 , 378 +
= -174,8 (N);( vy ngc chiu
vi hnh v)
F
(y)
= F
y12
+F
y10
-F
y13
+F
y11
= 0
F
y11
= 527,24-292,37-(-174,8)= 409,35 (N) (ng vi chiu trn hnh v)
.
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
+ Phn lc theo phng ca trc x:
M
x(D)
= -F
x12
.(l
11
+l
12
)-F
x10
.l
11
+F
r1
.(l
11
-l
13
) = 0
F
x10
=
11
13 1 12 11
) 11 .( ) .( 12
l
l l F l l Fx
t
+ +
=582,9 (N);(cng chiu hnh v)
F
(x)
= F
x12
+F
x10
-F
x13
+F
x11
= 0
F
x11
= -78,34-582,9+1447,86 =816,62 N
b. Tnh ng knh ca trc
Theo phn chn s b ng knh trc, ta c d
sb
I
= 28 (mm), vt liu ch to
trc l thp 45, ti ci thin, c
b
600 MPa; theo bng 10. 5 - tr 195 Ti liu [1],
ta c tr s ca ng sut cho php ca vt liu ch to trc l:
[ ] = 63 MPa.
ng knh ti cc mt ct trn trc c xc nh theo cng thc:
d =
3
] .[ 1 , 0
td
M
(V -5)
Trong : M
td
- M men tng ng trn cc mt ct, c tnh theo cng thc sau:
M
td
=
2 2 2
. 75 , 0
z y x
M M M + + (V -6)
Xt cc mt ct trn trc I:
+ Xt mt ct trc ti im A - im c lp then vi bnh ai b ng ca b truyn:
- M men un M
A
x
= M
A
y
= 0
- M men xon M
A
z
= M
I
= 30260,44 (Nmm);
- M men tng ng trn mt ct A:
M
A
td
=
2
) 44 , 30260 .( 75 , 0 = 26206,3 (Nmm)

- Kch thc ca trc ti mt ct A: d
A
=
3
63 . 1 , 0
26206,3
= 16,08 (mm);
- Do mt ct ti A c rnh then nn ng knh trc cn tng thm 4%, theo ta
tnh c ng knh ca trc ti mt ct A l:
d
A
= 16,08 + 0,04. 16,08 = 16,72 (mm); ta chn d
A
= 17 (mm)
+ Xt mt ct trc ti im B - im c lp vng bi vi l ca hp gim tc:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
- M men un M
B
x
= F
x12
.l
12
= 78,34.72 = 5640,48 (Nmm);
- M men un M
B
y
: M
B
y
= F
y12
.l
12
= 292,37.72= 21050,64 (Nmm);
- M men xon M
B
z
= 30260,44 (Nmm);
- M men tng ng trn mt ct B:
M
B
td
=
2 2 2
) 44 , 30260 .( 75 , 0 ) 64 , 21050 ( ) 48 , 5640 ( + + = 34244,38 (Nmm);
- Kch thc ca trc ti mt ct B: d
B
=
3
63 . 1 , 0
38 , 34244
= 17,58 (mm). ta chon d
B
=20
mm
+ Xt mt ct trc ti im C - im c lp bnh rng nghing 1:
- M men un M
C
x
: M
C
x
=-F
x12
.(l
12
+l
13
)+F
x10
.l
13

=-78,34.117+582,9.45=31203,72 N
- M men un
M
C
y
: M
C
y
p
= F
y11
.(l
11
-l
13
)+
2
.
1
1
w
r
d
F
= 29440,66 (Nmm);
M
C
y
t
= F
y12
.(l
12
+l
13
)-
2
.
1
13
w
z
d
F
+F
y10
.l
13
= 15321,97 (Nmm);
- M men xon M
C
z
= 0 (Nmm);
- M men tng ng trn mt ct C:
M
C
td
=
2 2 2
) 0 ( 75 , 0 ) 97 , 15321 ( ) 06 , 29440 ( + + = 33188,55 (Nmm);
- Kch thc ca trc ti mt ct C: d
C
=
3
63 . 1 , 0
55 , 33188
= 17,4 (mm);
- Do mt ct ti C c rnh then nn ng knh trc cn tng thm 4%, theo ta
tnh c ng knh ca trc ti mt ct C l:
d
C
= 17,4 + 0,04. 17,4 = 24,27 (mm); ta chn d
C
= 25 (mm
+ Xt mt ct trc ti v tr lp bnh rng D:
- M men un M
D
x
= 0;
- M men un M
D
y
= 0
- M men xon M
D
z
= 0 (Nmm);
- M men tng ng trn mt ct D:
M
D
td
= 0(Nmm);
- Kch thc ca trc ti mt ct D: d
D
= 0(mm)
- Nh vy tng kh nng cng ngh trong qu trnh ch to trc, v ng b khi
chn ln, ta chn kch thc ca ngng trc ti B v Dl nh nhau:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
d
B
= d
D
= 25 (mm).
Ta chn d
D
= 25 (mm).
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
F y 1 2
Fx1 0
Fy1 0
Fa1
Ft1
Fx1 1
Fy1 1
Fr1
7 2 4 7
F x 1 2
F y 1 2
Fx 1 2
Fr 1
Fy1 0
Fa 1
Ft1
Fx 1 0
Ma 1
Mt 1
Fx1 1
Fy1 1
2 1 0 5 0 , 6 4
2 9 4 4 0 , 0 6
1 5 3 2 1 , 9 7
My
Mx
3 0 2 6 0 , 4 4
Mz
N m m
N m m
N m m
1
7
20
25
9 0
5 6 4 0 , 4 8
3 1 2 0 3 , 7 2
Z
X
Y
F d
F x 1 2
F y 1 2
Hnh6.5 Kt cu trc hai
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
3.2:trc 2
F
r2
F
a2
F
t2
x
z
y
F
y23
F
rx
Fx23
F
y20
F
x20
F
x21
F
y21
K
P
Q
S
15
F
y23
F
rx
F
x23
l23
l21
l22
Hnh 6.6 S cc lc tc dng ln trc III
a- Cc lc tc dng ln trc II:
- M men xon truyn t trc II cho trc III, M
I
= 109419,79 (Nmm);
- Lc vng F
t2
= F
t1
= 1447,86 (N);
- Lc tc dng ln trc do b truyn xch, vi F
rx
= 1037,7 (N); trong :
F
x23
= F
rx
. sin 15
o
= 268,57 (N); F
y23
= F
rx
. Cos15
o
= 1002,34 (N);
- Lc chiu trc: F
r2
= F
r1
= 527,24 (N);
- Lc hng knh: F
a2
= F
a1
= 378,22 (N);
Tnh phn lc ti cc gi K v Q:
- Gi s phn lc ti cc gi K v Q c chiu nh hnh v, ta tnh cc phn lc
ny:
+ Phn lc theo phng y:
M
K(x)
= -F
y23
.( l
21
+l
23
)+ F
y21
. l
21
+ F
r2
.l
22
F
a2
.
2
2 m
d
= 0
F
y21
=
21
2
2 23 21 23 22 2
2
. ) (
l
d
F l l F l F
m
a y r
+ +
= 1330,25 (N);
F
(Y)
= -F
y20
+ F
r2
+F
21
-F
y23
= 0
F
y20
= F
r2
+ F
y21
-F
y23
= 527,24- 1002,34 +1330,25 =855,15 (N);
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Nh vy ta thy chiu ca phn lc F
y20
theo phng Y ti gi K c chiu ng
l chiu ngc li vi hnh v trn.
+ Phn lc theo phng x:
M
K(y)
= F
23 x
.(l
21
+ l
23
)- F
x21
.l
21
+F
t2
. l
22
= 0
F
x21
= F
x21
=
21
23 21 23 22 2
) ( .
l
l l F l F
x t
+ +
=
90
75241 , 268 45 . 86 , 1447 +

= 1443,58 (N);
=-F
x20
- F
t2
+ F
x21
- F
23 x
= 0
F
x20
= - F
t2
+F
x21
-F
23 x
= -1447,86 + 1443,58 268,75 = -273,03 (N);
Nh vy ta thy chiu ca cc phn lc F
x21
theo phng X ti gi Q nh hnh v
trn c chiu ng l chiu ngc li.
b. Tnh ng knh ca trc:
- Theo phn chn s b ng knh trc ta c: d
sb
II
= 35 (mm), vt liu ch to trc l
thp 45, ti ci thin, c
b
600 MPa, ; theo bng 10. 5 - tr 195 - Ti liu [1], ta c
tr s ca ng sut cho php ca vt liu ch to trc l:
[ ] = 63 MPa.
ng knh ti cc mt ct trn trc c xc nh theo cng thc (IV -8):
d =
3
] .[ 1 , 0
td
M
(V -7)
Trong : M
td
- M men tng ng trn cc mt ct, c tnh theo cng thc sau:
M
td
=
2 2 2
. 75 , 0
z y x
M M M + + (V -8)
Xt cc mt ct trn trc II:
+ Xt mt ct trc ti im K - im c lp ln vi v ca hp gim tc;
- M men un M
K
x
= M
K
y
= 0
- M men xon M
K
z
= 0
+ Xt mt ct trc ti im P - im c b tr rnh then lp bnh rng nghing ln:
- M men un M
P
x
= F
x20
. l
22
= 1174,91.45 = 52870,95 (Nmm);
- M men un M
P
y
:
M
) (t P
y
= F
y20
. l
22
+ M
z22
= 855,15.45 +
2
.158,13 378,22
= 68385,7 (Nmm);
M
) ( p P
y
= F
y23
.(l
21
-l
22
+l
23
) + Fy21(l
21
l
22
)+ M
z22
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
= 272148,75 (Nmm)
- M men xon M
P
z
= 109419,79 (Nmm);
- M men tng ng trn mt ct P:
Xt thy m men mt ct pha bn phi ca im P c gi tr ln hn m men
mt ct pha bn tri ca im P, nn ta tnh m men tng ng ca mt ct trc
ti im P theo:
M
P
td
=
2 2 2
) 79 , 109419 .( 75 , 0 ) 75 , 272148 ( ) 52870,95 ( + + = 289333,3
(Nmm);
- Kch thc ca trc ti mt ct P: d
P
==
3
63 . 1 , 0
289333,3
= 35,8 (mm)
- Do mt ct ti P c rnh then nn ng knh trc cn tng thm 4%, theo ta
tnh c ng knh ca trc ti mt ct P l:
d
P
= 35,8 + 0,04. 35,8 = 37,24 (mm); ta chn d
P
= 40 (mm)
+ Xt mt ct trc ti im Q - im c lp vng bi vi l ca hp gim tc:
- M men un M
Q
x
: M
Q
x
= F
x23
. l
23
= 268,75. 61 = 16393,75 (Nmm)
- M men un M
Q
y
:
M
Q
y
= F
y23
l
23
= 1002,34.61 = 61142,74 (Nmm);
- M men xon M
Q
z
= 109419,79 (Nmm);
- M men tng ng trn mt ct Q:
M
Q
td
=
2 2 2
) 79 , 109419 ( 75 , 0 ) 74 , 61142 ( ) 75 , 16393 ( + + = 113959,23 (Nmm);
- Kch thc ca trc ti mt ct Q: d
Q
=
3
63 . 1 , 0
23 , 113959
= 26,25 (mm);
- Nh vy tng kh nng cng ngh trong qu trnh ch to trc, v ng b khi
chn ln, ta chn kch thc ca ngng trc ti K v Q l nh nhau:
d
K
= d
Q
= 35 (mm).
+ Xt mt ct trc ti v tr lp bnh xch S:
- M men un M
S
y
= 0;
- M men un M
S
x
= 0;
- M men xon M
S
z
109419,79 (Nmm);
- M men tng ng trn mt ct S:
M
S
td
=
2
) 79 , 109419 .( 75 , 0 = 94760,3 (Nmm);
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
- Kch thc ca trc ti mt ct S: d
S
=
3
3 , 6 . 1 , 0
3 , 94760
= 24,68 (mm)
- Do ti mt ct S c lp bnh xch, cn c rnh then nn kch thc ca trc phi
tng thm 4%, theo kch thc ca trc ti mt ct S l:
d
S
= 24,68 + 0,04. 24,68 = 25,66 (mm)
Ta chn d
S
= 30(mm).
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
l
2 1
F
x 2 0
F
y 2 0
y 2 2
F
x 2 2
z 2 2
y 2 1
x 2 3
Mx 2 2
Mz 2 2
6 8 3 8 5 , 7
2 7 2 1 4 8 , 7 5
6 1 1 4 2 , 7 4
My
N m m
Mx
N m m
1 0 9 4 1 9 , 7 9
3
0
3
5
4
0
3
5
Mz
N m m
r 2
a 2
y 2 0
5 2 8 7 0 , 9 5
F
x 2 0
1 6 3 9 3 , 7 5
Hnh 6.7 S kt cu trc III
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
4-Tnh kim nghim trc v bn mi.
- Khi xc nh ng knh trc theo cng thc (V -7), ta cha xt ti cc nh
hng v bn mi ca trc nh c tnh thay i ca chu trnh ng sut, s
tp trung ng sut, yu t kch thc, cht lng b mt. V vy sau khi xc
nh c ng knh trc cn tin hnh kim nghim trc v bn mi c k
n cc yu t va nu.
- Kt cu ca trc va thit k m bo c bn mi nu h s an ton ti cc
tit din nguy him tha mn iu kin sau y:
s
j
=
2 2
.
j j
j j
s s
s s

+
[s] (V -9)
Trong :
[s] - h s an ton cho php, [ s] =(1,5.2,5); ly [s]=2
s
j
, s
j
- h s an ton ch xt ring ng sut php v h s an ton ch xt ring
ng sut tip ti mt ct j.
s
j
=
mj aj dj
K +
.
1
(V -10)
s
j
=
mj aj dj
K

+
1
(V -11)

Vi
-1
,
-1
- gii hn mi v xon ng vi chu k i xng, vi thp 45 c
b
=
600 MPa;

-1
= 0,436.
b
= 0,436. 600 = 216.6 MPa

-1
= 0,58.
-1
= 0,58. 216,6 = 151,73 MPa

,

- h s k n nh hng ca tr s ng sut trung bnh ti bn mi,
theo bng 10. 7 - tr 197 Ti liu [1], vi
b
= 600 MPa, ta c:

= 0,05 ;

= 0
- i vi trc quay, ng sut un thay i theo chu k i xng nn:

mj
= 0 ;
aj
=
maxj
=
j
j
W
M
(V -12)
-
a
,
a
,
m
l bin v tr s trung bnh ca ng sut php v tip ti mt ct
m ta ang xt. Khi trc quay mt chiu ng sut xon thay i theo chu k
mch ng, do vy:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc

mj
=
aj
=
2
max j
=
oj
j
W
T
. 2
(V -13)
Vi W
j
, W
oj
- m men cn un v m men cn xon ti mt ct ang xt.
Ta kim nghim cho mt ct ti im c lp ln trn trc I - v tr im B
T cng thc (IV -12), vi:
M
B
u
=
2 2
) ( ) (
B
y
B
x
M M +
2 2
21050,64 5640,48 + = 21793,22 (Nmm);
W
C
=
32
.
3
C
d
=
32
25 . 14 , 3
3
= 1533,20 (mm
3
)

aB
=
20 , 1533
12 , 51936
= 33,87
T
B
= T
I1
= 30260,44 (Nmm);
W
B
0
=
16
.
3
B
d
=
16
20 . 14 , 3
3
= 1570 (mm
3
)

aB
=
mB
= B
B
W
T
0
. 2
=
1570 . 2
44 , 30260
= 9, 63
H s K
dj
v K
dj
c xc nh theo cc cng thc sau:
K
dj
=
y
x
K
K
K
1 +
(V -14)
K
dj
=
y
x
K
K
K
1 +
(V -15)
Trong :
K
x
- h s tp trung ng sut do trng thi b mt ph thuc vo phng php gia
cng v nhn bng b mt. Theo bng 10. 8 - tr 197 Ti liu [1], ta c :
K
x
= 1,06 , vi
b
= 600 MPa, tin t R
a
2,50,63;
K
y
- h s tng bn b mt trc, tra bng 10. 9 - tr 197 - Ti liu [1], ta chn vi
phng php gia cng tng bn b mt bng ti bng dng in tn s cao, ta c: K
y
=
1,6

,

- h s k n nh hng kch thc mt ct trc, i vi trc lm bng
vt liu thp cc bon c ng knh d = 25 (mm), theo bng 10. 10 - tr 198 - Ti liu
[1], ta c:

= 0,9 ,

= 0,85;
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
K
, K
- tr s ca h s tp trung ng sut thc t trn b mt trc, i vi trc c

rnh then v gia cng bng dao phay ngn. Theo bng 10. 12 - tr 199 - Ti liu [1], ta
c: K
= 1,76 ; K
= 1,54;
Thay cc gi tr trn vo (IV -14) v (IV -15), ta c:
K
dj
=
6 , 1
1 06 , 1
9 , 0
76 , 1
+
= 1,26
K
dj
=
6 , 1
1 06 , 1
85 , 0
54 , 1
+
= 1,17
Thay cc kt qu trn vo cng thc (IV -10) v (IV -11), ta tnh c:
s
j
=
0 . 05 , 0 87 , 33 . 26 , 1
6 , 261
+
= 6,13
s
j
=
0 63 , 9 . 17 , 1
73 , 151
+
= 13,46
Theo (IV -10), ta tnh c: s =
2 2
46 , 13 13 , 6
46 , 13 . 13 , 6
+
= 5,57 > [s] = 2
Ta kim nghim cho mt ct ti im c lp bnh rng trn trc II - v tr im P:
M
P
u
=
2 2
) ( ) (
P
y
P
x
M M +
2 2
90365,85 52870,95 + = 104696,34(Nmm);
Theo bng 10. 6 - tr 196 - Ti liu [1], trc c 1 rnh then. Vi ng knh trc l d =
40 (mm), tra bng 9. 1a - tr 173 - Ti liu [1], ta c cc thng s ca then bng: b = 12
(mm), t
1
= 5 (mm)
W
P
=
32
.
3
P
d
-
d
t d t b
2
) ( .
2
1 1

=
32
40 . 14 , 3
3
-
40 . 2
) 5 40 ( 5 . 12
2
= 5361,25 (mm
3
)

aP
=
5361,25
104696,34
= 19,5
T
p
= T
II
= 109419,79 (Nmm);
W
P
0
=
d
t d t b d
P
2
) ( .
16
.
2
1 1
3
=
40 . 2
) 5 50 .( 5 . 12
16
40 . 14 , 3
2 3
= 11641,25 (mm
3
)

aP
=
mP
= P
P
W
T
0
. 2
=
25 , 11641 . 2
79 , 109419
= 4,7
H s K
dj
v K
dj
c xc nh theo cc cng thc sau:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
K
dj
=
y
x
K
K
K
1 +
(V -14)
K
dj
=
y
x
K
K
K
1 +
(V -15)
Trong :
K
x
- h s tp trung ng sut do trng thi b mt ph thuc vo phng php gia
cng v nhn bng b mt. Theo bng 10. 8 - tr 197 Ti liu [1], ta c :
K
x
= 1,06 , vi
b
= 600 MPa, tin t R
a
2,50,63;
K
y
- h s tng bn b mt trc, tra bng 10. 9 - tr 197 - Ti liu [1], ta chn vi
phng php gia cng tng bn b mt bng ti bng dng in tn s cao, ta c: K
y
=
1,65

,

- h s k n nh hng kch thc mt ct trc, i vi trc lm bng
vt liu thp cc bon c ng knh d = 40 (mm), theo bng 10. 10 - tr 198 - Ti liu
[1], ta c:

= 0,85 ,

= 0,78 ;
K
, K
- tr s ca h s tp trung ng sut thc t trn b mt trc, i vi trc c

rnh then v gia cng bng dao phay ngn. Theo bng 10. 12 - tr 199 Ti liu [1], ta
c: K
= 1,76 ; K
= 1,54;
Thay cc gi tr trn vo (IV -15) v (IV -16), ta c:
K
dj
=
6 , 1
1 06 , 1
85 , 0
76 , 1
+
= 1,45
K
dj
=
6 , 1
1 06 , 1
78 , 0
54 , 1
+
= 1,27
Thay cc kt qu trn vo cng thc (IV -10) v (IV -11), ta tnh c:
s
j
=
0 . 05 , 0 03 , 20 . 45 , 1
6 , 261
+
= 9,01
s
j
=
0 05 , 10 . 27 , 1
73 , 151
+
= 11,38
Theo (VI -10), ta tnh c: s =
2 2
38 , 11 01 , 9
38 , 11 . 01 , 9
+
= 7,06 > [s] = 2.
Nh vy trc II v trc III m bo iu kin bn mi.
5:Kim nghim trc v bn tnh
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
trnh bin dng do qu ln hoc ph hng trc do qu tI t ngt, ta cn tin
hnh kim nghim trc v bn tnh theo cng thc:

td
=
2 2
3 + [ ] (V -16)
Trong : =
3
max
. 1 , 0 d
M
(V -17)
=
3
max
. 2 , 0 d
T
(V -18)
M
max
, T
max
- m men un ln nht v m men xon ln nht ti mt ct nguy him
lc qu ti. Theo biu m men, ta c: K
qt
= 1,5 ;
M
max
= M
u
. K
qt
T
max
= T. K
qt

[ ] = 0,8.
ch
, vi thp 45 thng ha c:
ch
= 340 MPa;
[ ] = 0,8. 340 = 272 MPa.
a) Kim nghim cho trc I:
Mt ct nguy him ca trc I l ti v tr B, vi:
M
max
= M
B
u
. K
qt
= 21793,22. 1,5 = 32689,83 (Nmm)
T
max
= T
I
. K
qt
= 30260,44. 1,5 = 45390,66 (Nmm)
d
I
= 20 (mm)
= 3
20 . 1 , 0
83 , 32689
= 40,86 (N/mm
2
)
= 3
20 . 2 , 0
66 , 45390
= 28,37 (N/mm
2
)
Thay vo cng thc (IV -16), ta tnh c:

td
=
2 2
29 , 5 . 3 62 , 7 +
= 63,9 (MPa) < [ ] = 272 (MPa).
b) Kim nghim cho trc II:
Mt ct nguy him ca trc III l ti v tr P, vi:
M
max
= M
P
u
. K
qt
= 104696,34. 1,5 = 157044,51 (Nmm)
T
max
= T
II
. K
qt
= 109419,79. 1,5 = 164129,68 (Nmm)
d
II
= 40 (mm)
= 3
40 . 1 , 0
51 , 157044
= 24,5 (N/mm
2
)
= 3
40 . 2 , 0
68 , 164129
= 12,8 (N/mm
2
)
Thay vo cng thc (IV -16), ta tnh c:

td
=
2 2
8 , 12 . 3 5 , 24 +
= 30,07 (MPa) < [ ] = 272 (MPa).
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Nh vy hai trc I v II m bo iu kin bn tnh.
Phn VII TNH CHN THEN
7.1:Chn then cho trc I
ng knh trc ti v tr lp bnh rng nghing nh d = 25 (mm), theo bng 9.1a
- tr 173 Ti liu [1], ta c cc kch thc ca then nh sau:
b = 8 (mm), h = 7 (mm), t
1
= 4 (mm), t
2
= 2,8 (mm)
bn knh gc ln c rnh r: r
max
= 0,25 (mm) , r
min
= 0,16 (mm)
T phn tnh ton ca trc, ta c chiu di moay ca bnh rng nghin nh l:
l
m13
=45 (mm)
Vi l
t1
= (0,80,9)l
m13
= (3640,5) mm
Theo tiu chun, tra bng 9. 1a - tr173 - Ti liu [1], ta c chiu di ca then l: l
t1
= 40
(mm).
-Kim nghim sc bn dp cho then theo cng thc:

d
=
) .( .
. 2
1
t h l d
T
t
I
[
d
] (VI -1)
Trong : T
I
= 30260,44 (Nmm);
l
t
= l
t1
- b = 40 - 8 = 32 (mm) - chiu di lm vic ca then;
[
d
] - ng sut dp cho php, theo bng 9. 5 tr 178 Ti liu [1] , c
[
d
] =100 (MPa) va p nh

d
=
) 4 8 .( 32 . 25
44 , 30260 . 2
= 18, 9 (MPa) <[ ] = 100 (MPa)

Vy then m bo iu kin bn dp.
-Kim nghim sc bn ct cho then:

c
=
b l d
T
t
I
. .
. 2
[
c
] (VI -2)
Thay cc gi tr vo cng thc ta c:

c
=
8 . 32 . 25
44 , 30260 . 2
= 9,45 (MPa)
Vi [
c
] ng sut ct cho php, [
c
] = (6090) MPa

c
< [
c
] ; Vy then m bo diu kin bn ct.
ng knh trc ti v tr lp bnh ai b dn d = 17 (mm), theo bng 9.1a - tr
173 - Ti liu [1], ta c cc kch thc ca then nh sau:
b = 6 (mm), h = 6 (mm), t
1
= 3,5 (mm), t
2
= 2,8 (mm)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
max
= 0,25 (mm) , r
min
= 0,16 (mm)
T phn tnh ton ca trc, ta c chiu di moay ca bnh ai b dn l:
l
m12
= 55 (mm)
Vi l
t1
= (0,80,9)l
m12
= (4449,5) mm
Chn l
t1
=45 mm

d
=
) .( .
. 2
1
t h l d
T
t
I
[
d
] (VI -1)
Trong : T
I
= 30260,44 (Nmm);
l
t
= l
t1
- b = 45 - 6 = 39 (mm) - chiu di lm vic ca then;
[
d
] - ng sut dp cho php, theo bng 9. 5 tr 178 -- Ti liu [1] , c
[
d
] =100 (MPa) va p nh

d
=
) 5 , 3 6 .( 39 . 17
44 , 30260 . 2
= 36,5 (MPa) <[ ] = 100 (MPa)


c
=
b l d
T
t
I
. .
. 2
[
c
] (VI -2)

c
=
6 . 39 . 17
44 , 30260 . 2
= 15,21 (MPa)
Vi [
c
c
] = (6090) MPa

c
< [
c
VI -2:Chn then cho trc II
ng knh trc ti v tr lp bnh rng nghing ln d = 40 (mm), theo bng 9.1a
- tr 173 - Ti liu [1], ta c cc kch thc ca then nh sau:
b = 12 (mm), h = 8 (mm), t
1
= 5 (mm), t
2
= 3,3 (mm)
max
= 0,4 (mm) , r
min
= 0,25 (mm)
T phn tnh ton ca trc, ta c chiu di moay ca bnh rng cn nh l:
l
m22
= 35 (mm)
Vi l
t1
= (0,80,9)l
m12
= (2831,5) mm
t1
= 32
(mm).
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc

d
=
) .( .
. 2
1
t h l d
T
t
II
[
d
] (VI -1)
Trong : T
II
= 109419,79 (Nmm);
l
t
= l
t1
- b = 32- 12= 20 (mm) - chiu di lm vic ca then;
[
d
] - ng sut dp cho php, theo bng 9. 5 tr 178 Ti liu [1] , c
[
d
] =100 (MPa)

d
=
) 5 12 .( 20 . 40
109419,79 . 2
= 39,07 (MPa) <[ ] = 100 (MPa)


c
=
b l d
T
t
II
. .
. 2
[
c
] (VI -2)

c
=
12 . 20 . 40
109419,79 . 2
= 22,8 (MPa)
Vi [
c
c
] = (6090) MPa

c
< [
c
ng knh trc ti v tr lp bnh xch dn d = 34 (mm), theo bng 9.1a - tr 173
Ti liu [1], ta c cc kch thc ca then nh sau:
b = 10 (mm), h = 8 (mm), t
1
= 5 (mm), t
2
= 3,3 (mm)
max
= 0,4 (mm) , r
min
= 0,25 (mm)
T phn tnh ton ca trc, ta c chiu di moay ca bnh ai b dn l:
l
m23
= 47 (mm)
Vi l
t1
= (0,80,9)l
m23
= (37,642,3) mm
t1
= 40
(mm).
a- Kim nghim sc bn dp cho then theo cng thc:

d
=
) .( .
. 2
1
t h l d
T
t
II
[
d
] (VI -1)
Trong : T
III
= 109419,79 (Nmm);
l
t
= l
t1
- b = 40 - 10 = 30(mm) - chiu di lm vic ca then;
[
d
] - ng sut dp cho php, theo bng 9. 5 - tr 178 - Ti liu [1], c
[
d
] =100 (MPa)

d
=
) 5 10 .( 30 . 34
109419,79 . 2
= 42,9 (MPa) <[ ] = 100 (MPa)

GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
b- Kim nghim sc bn ct cho then:

c
=
b l d
T
t
II
. .
. 2
[
c
] (VI -2)

c
=
10 . 30 . 34
109419,79 . 2
= 21,45 (MPa)
Vi [
c
c
] = (6090) MPa

c
< [
c
Phn VIII TNH CHN TRC
1. Chn ln cho trc I.
a.Chn loi ln.
Ti trng hng tm nh, ch c lc hng tm, dng bi - chn c nh cho
cc gi 0 v 1.
bChn s b kch thc .
K hiu d mm D mm B=T
mm
r,
mm
r
1,
mm
C
kN
C
o
kN
46204 20 47 14 1,5 7,94 11,6 7,79
(bng P2.7 ph lc).
b.Tnh kim nghim kh nng ti ng ca .
Ti trng hng tm ca :
) ( 17 , 963 47 , 350 897,15
2 2 2
10
2
10 0
N F F F
y x r
+ +
) ( 3 , 859 1 , 629 34 , 585
2 2 2
11
2
11 1
N F F F
y x r
+ +
Vy ta tin hnh tnh kim nghim cho chu ti ln hn l 1
Ti trng ng quy c Q i vi bi c xc nh theo cng thc (11.3):
Q= X.V.F
r
.k
t
.k
Trong :
X H s ti trng hng tm.
Y H s ti trng dc trc.
Theo bng11.4 Trang.215, Ti liu [1] vi ln 1 dy iF
a
/C
o
= 0 v F
a
/VF
r
=
0 < e
=> X=1,Y=0
F
r
,F
a
Ti trng hng tm v ti trng dc trc. Fa=0(N)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
V H s k n vng no quay. Vng trong quay V=1
k
t
H s k n nh hng ca nhit kt=1(nhit t 100C)
k
d
H s k n c tnh ti trng. Theo bng 11.3 ta c k
d
=1 (ti trng va
p nh)
Vy ti trng ng quy c :
Q= XVF
r
.k
t
.k
d
= 1.1.859,3.1.1 = 859,3 (N)
Ti trng ng tng ng c xc nh theo cng thc (11.13)
m
h
2 h
m
1
2
h
1 h
m
1
1
m
i
i
m
i
E
L
L
.
Q
Q
L
L
.
Q
Q
. Q
L
L Q
Q

,
_
,
_
Trong :
m Bc ca ng cong mi khi th v ln vi bi m=3
Li Thi hn khi chu ti trng Qi (triu vng quay)
Thi hn Li khi chu ti trng Qi c xc nh theo cng thc (11.13): Li=
60n.L
hi
/10
6
Thi hn L
hi
khi chu ti trng Qi (gi) c xc nh theo s ti trng thi hn
phc v.
Vi tng thi hn phc v L
h
=24000(gi)
T
2
= 0,6.T
1
; t
1
= 4 (h); t
2
= 4(h); t
ck
= 8 (h)
=> Q
2
= 0,6.Q
1
; L
h1
= 12000 (h) ; L
h2
= 12000(h)
Kh nng ti ng ca c xc nh theo cng thc (11.1):
m
d
L Q C
Ti trng ng tng ng:

96 , 727
8
4
. 6 , 0
8
4
. 1 . 859,3 . . .
3
3 3 2
1
2 1
1
1
+
,
_
,
_
m
h
h
m
h
h
m
E
L
L
Q
Q
L
L
Q
Q
Q Q N
L = 60.n.L
h
/10
6

= 60.722,5.24000/10
6
= 1040,4 triu vng
=> kN L Q C
m
E d
37 , 7 4 , 1040 . 728 , 0
3
< C =11,6(kN)
Vy chn l ph hp.
c.Tnh kim nghim kh nng ti tnh ca .
Theo bng 11.6, vi bi 1 dy X
o
= 0,6; Y
0
= 0,5. Theo cng thc (11.19):
Q
t
= X
o
.F
r
+Y
o
.F
a
= 0,6.859,3 + 0,5.0 = 515,58N
Theo CT 11.20 Q
t
= F
r
=> Q
t
< C
0
= 7,79kN=7790N
Vy kh nng ti.
2.Chn ln cho trc II.
Chn bi c trung- hp
a.Chn s b kch thc .
K hiu d mm D mm B=T
mm
r,
mm
r
1,
mm
C
kN
C
o
kN
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
46307 35 80 21 2,5 1,2 33,4 25,20
(bng P2.12 ph lc)
b.Tnh kim nghim kh nng ti ng ca .
Ti trng hng tm trn cc :
) ( 33 , 1517 1492,57 273,03
2 2 2
20
2
20 0
N F F F
y x r
+ +
) ( 2 , 3349 15 , 3022 58 , 1443
2 2 2
21
2
21 1
N F F F
y x r
+ +
Vy ta tin hnh tnh kim nghim cho chu ti ln hn l 1
Ti trng ng quy c Q i vi bi c xc nh theo cng thc (11.3):
Q= X.V.F
r
.k
t
.k
Trong :
X H s ti trng hng tm.
Y H s ti trng dc trc.
Theo bng11.4 TR.215, Ti liu [1] vi ln 1 dy iF
a
/C
o
= 0 v F
a
/VF
r
= 0 <
e
=> X=1,Y=0
F
r
,F
a
Ti trng hng tm v ti trng dc trc. Fa=0(N)
V H s k n vng no quay. Vng trong quay V=1
k
t
H s k n nh hng ca nhit kt=1(nhit t 100C)
k
d
H s k n c tnh ti trng. Theo bng 11.3 ta c k
d
=1 (ti trng va
p nh)
Vy ti trng ng quy c :
Q= XVF
r
.k
t
.k
d
= 1.1.3349,2.1.1 = 3349,2 (N)
Ti trng ng tng ng c xc nh theo cng thc (11.13)
m
h
2 h
m
1
2
h
1 h
m
1
1
m
i
i
m
i
E
L
L
.
Q
Q
L
L
.
Q
Q
. Q
L
L Q
Q

,
_
,
_
Trong :
m Bc ca ng cong mi khi th v ln vi bi m=3
Li Thi hn khi chu ti trng Qi (triu vng quay)
Thi hn Li khi chu ti trng Qi c xc nh theo cng thc (11.13): Li=
60n.L
hi
/10
6
Thi hn L
hi
khi chu ti trng Qi (gi) c xc nh theo s ti trng thi hn
phc v.
Vi tng thi hn phc v L
h
=24000(gi)
T
2
= 0,6.T
1
; t
1
= 4 (h); t
2
= 4(h); t
ck
= 8 (h)
=> Q
2
= 0,6.Q
1
; L
h1
= 12000 (h) ; L
h2
= 12000(h)
Kh nng ti ng ca c xc nh theo cng thc (11.1):
m
d
L Q C
Ti trng ng tng ng:

GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
3 , 2837
8
4
. 6 , 0
8
4
. 1 . 2 , 349 3 . . .
3
3 3 2
1
2 1
1
1
+
,
_
,
_
m
h
h
m
h
h
m
E
L
L
Q
Q
L
L
Q
Q
Q Q N
L = 60.n.L
h
/10
6

= 60.191,5.24000/10
6
= 275,76 triu vng
=> kN L Q C
m
E d
46 , 18 76 , 275 . 837 , 2
3
< C =31,9(kN)
Vy chn l ph hp.
c.Tnh kim nghim kh nng ti tnh ca .
Theo bng 11.6, vi bi 1 dy X
o
= 0,6; Y
0
= 0,5. Theo cng thc (11.19):
Q
t
= X
o
.F
r
+Y
o
.F
a
= 0,6.3349,2 + 0,5.0 = 2009,7N
Theo CT 11.20 Q
t
= F
r
=> Q
t
< C
0
= 21,7kN=21700N
Vy kh nng ti.
Phn IX BI TRN N KHP V TRC
1- Bi trn n khp
Nhn xt: vn tc bnh rng V < 12 m/s ta chn bi trn bng phng php ngm
du. Phng php bi trn ngm du bng du cha trong hp gim tc, ta chn loi
du AK10 c nht 186/16 . mc du trong hp gim tc c xc nh nh hnh v
2- Bi trn ln
ln c bi trn bng m
phn X: THIT K V HP GIM TC V CC CHI TIT MY KHC
1.1- Thit k v hp gim tc
Theo bng 18.1 - tr 85 - Ti liu [2], ta chn cc kch thc ca cc phn t cu to
nn hp gim tc c nh sau:
1- Chiu dy thn hp:
Vi =0,03.a
w
+3=0,03.100 +3=6 chn = 6(mm)
2- Chiu dy np bch:

1
= 0,9 . = 0,9 .6 = 5,4 (mm), chn
1
= 5(mm)
3- Gn tng cng:
- Chiu dy e =( 0,81) . = ( 4,8 6) (mm) ,chn e = 6 (mm)
- Chiu cao h < 58 (mm)
- dc: 2
0
4-ng knh bu lng:
- Bu lng nn : d
1
> 12 (mm) , chn d
1
= 13(mm)
- Bu lng cnh : d
2
= (0,70,8) .d
1
= (9,811,2) (mm) ,chn d
2
= 10 (mm)
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
- Bu lng ghp bch v thn : d
3
=(0,80,9) . d
2
= (89) (mm) ,chn d
3
= 9 (mm)
- Bu lng ghp np : d
4
= (0,60,7) .d
2
= (67) (mm) ,chn d
4
=7 (mm)
- Bu lng ghp np ca thm: d
5
=(0,50,6) . d
2
=(56) (mm) ,chn d
5
= 6 (mm)
5- Mt bch ghp np v thn
- Chiu dy bch thn hp S
3
= (1,41,8) . d
3
=(12,616,2) (mm) ,chn
S
3
=16mm)
- chiu dy bch np hp S
4
= (0,91) . S
3
=(14,416) (mm) chn S
4
=16(mm)
- B rng bch np v thn k
3
= k
2
- (35) = 34 - (35) =(2931) (mm) ,chn
k
3
=31(mm)
6- Kch thc gi trc:
Kch thc ca gi trc c tra theo bng 18. 2 - tr 88 - Ti liu [2], ta c bng s
liu nh sau:
Trc D D
2
D
3
D
4
h d
4
z
I 62 75 90 52 8 M6 4
I I 80 100 125 75 10 M8 6

- Tm l bu lng cnh : E
2
= 1,6 . d
2
= 16(mm)
R
2
= 1,3 . d
2
= 13(mm)
- B rng mt ghp bu lng cnh : k
2
= E
2
+ R
2
+ (35) (mm)
k
2
= 16 + 13 + (35) = (3234) (mm) ,chn k
2
= 34(mm)
7- Mt hp:
- Chiu dy khi khng c phn li:
S
1
= (1,31,5) . d
1
= (18,221) (mm) ,chn S
1
= 21(mm)
- Chiu dy khi c phn li:
S
1
= (1,41,7) . d
1
= (19,623,8) (mm) chn S
1
= 23(mm)
S
2
= (11,1) . d
1
= (1415,4) (mm) ,chn S
2
= 15(mm)
- B rng mt hp : k
1
3 d
1
= 42 (mm) v q k
1
+ 2 = 42 + 2 . 7 = 56 (mm)
8- Khe h gia cc chi tit:
- Gia bnh rng vi thnh trong ca hp
=10mm
Gia nh ca bng rng ln v y hp:
1
(35)=(2135)mm chn
1
=35mm
9. 2. thit k cc chi tit my khc
1- Cht nh v :
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
m bo v tr tng i ca np v thn hp khi gia cng cng nh khi lp
ghp. Ta chn cht nh v l cht cn. theo bng 18.4b tr91 Ti liu [2], ta c cc
kch thc ca cht nh sau:
d=8mm; c=1,2mm ;l=50mm ; cn ng sinh b mt tr:1:50
2- Ca thm:
du vo hp v quan st cc chi tit my trong hp khi lp ghp. Theo bng
18.5 tr92 - Ti liu [2]ta chn c np thm du vi cc thng s sau:
A B A1 B1 C C1 K R Vt S
lng
100 75 150 100 125 - 87 12 M8 22 4
3- Nt thng hi:
Khi lm vic nhit trong hp tng ln, gim p sut v iu ha khng kh bn
trong v bn ngoi hp ta dng nt thng hi.
Theo bng 18.6 tr 93- Ti liu [2]ta chn c nt thng hI vi cc thng s sau:
A B C D E G H I K L M N O P Q R S
M27x2 1
5
30 15 45 36 6 4 4 10 8 22 6 32 18 36 32
4- Nt tho du:
Tho du b bn bin cht thay du mi.
Theo bng 18.7 tr 93 Ti liu [2]
d b m f L c q D S Do
M20x2 15 9 3 28 2,5 17,8 30 22 25,4
5- Chn que thm du v bi trn:
kim tra mc du trong hp , m bo tt cng vic bi trn cho b truyn ca hp
gim tc.
6- Chn vt nng:
xit, y nt ca hp gim tc ln khi cn tho np ra khi thn hp ta chon vt nng
M8
9.3 cc c tnh k thut ch yu ca hp gim tc
1- M men xon trc vo: 30260,44 (Nmm)
2- M men xon trc ra: 109419,79(Nmm)
3- Tc trc vo : 722,5 v/p
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
4- T s truyn: 3,78
5- Trng lng:
6- Kch thc: L x W x H : o trc tip trn bn v lp theo t l 1:1
Phn XI: XY DNG BN V LP V KIU LP GHP
10. 1 Xy dng bn v lp
03 bn v A3, mi hnh v th hin 1 hnh chiu ca hp gim tc
10.2 Chn cc kiu lp ghp ch yu
Theo yu cu ca tng b phn ta chn cc loi mi ghp nh sau:
- Chn lp ghp gia trc v vng trong ca l lp ghp theo h thng l kiu
lp ghp l H7/k6.
- Chn lp ghp gia vng ngoi ca vi v hp l lp ghp theo h thng trc
kiu lp ghp H7/h6.
- Vng chn m quay cng trc trong qu trnh b truyn lm vic, tho lp d
dng khi lp ghp, sa cha khng lm hng b mt trc, ta chn kiu lp c
h K7/h6.
- Bnh rng quay cng trc chu m men xon, lc dc trc, lc hng knh,
m bo chnh xc tin cy, bn ca mi ghp v d gia cng chi tit l
chn lp ghp c di kiu H7/k6.
- i vi cc mi ghp then then c c nh trn trc theo kiu lp c di
thng lp theo h thng l vi sai lch ca then l k6.
:
Da vo bng phm vi s dng ca cc kiu lp 20.4 [1] ta c th la chn cc
kiu lp thch hp lp cc chi tit ln trc v gia cc chi tit vi nhau. V trong qu
trnh gia cng cc chi tit vic gia cng l bao gi cng km chnh xc hn gia cng
trc do y ta cng u tin gia cng trc vi cp chnh xc cao hp cp 6 v chn
lun min dung sai ca trc l min k. T ta c th chn kiu lp min dung sai ng
thi tr s sai lch gii hn theo bng sau:
GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2
Khoa C Kh ng Lc
Bng10.1. Bng thng k dung sai v kiu lp
V tr lp ghp Kiu lp
Gi tr sai lch gii hn
( ) m
Dung sai l Dung sai trc
Np v v hp H7/d11
+30 -100
0 -290
Trc v k6
+15
+2
V hp v H7
+30
0
Cc lt v v hp H7/h6
+30 0
0 -19
Vng vung du v trc H9/k6
+52 +15
0 +2
Vnh bnh rng v may H7/p6
+40 +68
0 +43
May bnh rng v trc H7/k6
+25 +18
0 +2
Trc v ng chn H9/k6
+62 +18
0 +2

GVHD: Nguyn Vn Huyn
Lp :LK8LC2

Do An Chi Tiet May 1 Cap 348

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Do An Chi Tiet May 1 Cap 348

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Trng H SPKT Hng Yn N MN HC C S THIT K MY

- H s ti trng ng, vi trng hp ti trng va (ti trng va p), ta

- H s ti trng ng, theo bng 5. 6 - tr 82 - ti liu [1], vi

= 1,25.500=625 Mpa > [

: H s k n s trng khp ca rng;

: H s k n s trng khp ca rng;

Bng 6.15 (Trang 107-ti liu[1]

- tr s ca h s tp trung ng sut thc t trn b mt trc, i vi trc c

- tr s ca h s tp trung ng sut thc t trn b mt trc, i vi trc c

= 18, 9 (MPa) <[ ] = 100 (MPa)

= 36,5 (MPa) <[ ] = 100 (MPa)

= 39,07 (MPa) <[ ] = 100 (MPa)

= 42,9 (MPa) <[ ] = 100 (MPa)

You might also like