You are on page 1of 12

THE GUILDERS

OF THE

bistoricat Obaracter 5tubp

BY

H U B E R T HOWE BAYCROFT

j4 ..
SAN FRANCISCO ; ..,=.--
A%'
THE HISTORY COJIPAKY, PUBLISHERS
w
i Entered accordingto Act of Congregs in the Y w lBm, by
HUBERT H. BANCROFT,
In the Odice of the Librarian of Congreaa at Washington.
LIST OF STEEL-PLATE PORTRAITS.
CONTENTS OF THIS VOLUME,

YINBS AND P L Y I N M E N - REVIEW. PA01


Primary Attraction to Immigrants-The Multitude of Attendant Evils-
Mining in Spanish America and the United States-Stimnlant to ,
Progress--Yield in Early T i e s - G o l d Fevers-Origin of Amalga-
m a t i o n 4 r d e r of Unfoldingof Mineral Wealth in North America- '

K i d s and Processes of Mining-Engendering of the Gambling


Spirit................'......................................... t
1

CHAPTER 11. \ I

LWE 08 WnLIAm -ON.


Men of the New Heaperian Garden-Anceatry and Education of William
Sharon-Study of Law--Operations in San Francisco-Marriage-
Family-Death of Mca Sharon-Relations with Ralston-On the
Comatock-Bank of California-In the United Statea Senate-
Death-Frederick W. Sharon-Francis G. Newlands..
. . ............
23

CHAPTER I I L
MINkS A N D MINIX?-NTRAL AMEBICA AND HEQCO.
Almriginal U e of ~&.als-~aatilladel Oro-Golden Regions-The First
'
Mines Worked on the Continent of America-Developments of the
Spaniards in Gntral America-Operations of the &tea-Their
Great Gold Gathering and their Fine Gold WorkTThe Minea of
MexicoJunta de Mineria--Effect of the Revolntionary War on
Miig-Prodncts-Mint Statistics-General Development.. ...... .
103

CHAPTER IV. '

MINES AND YIXINQ---CALIBORN&


Anglo-Saxon Ldve of Gold7Early Rumors and Rarly Efforts-The Dis-
Gvery a t Coloma-Its Effect on Commerce--General Ingathering of
Gold Seekers-Quality of Immigration-Life of the Miner-Pros-
pecting-Rnahes-Ditribntioo of Camps-Qnartz Mining-Table
Mountains and Dead River Beds--Geologic Belts-Form and Qual-
ity of Gold-Yields-Xining Meti~ods,Machinery, and Lnws-Sil-
ver Miming-Stock Gambliig Boards.. ..........................
117
(p.)
CHAPTER V.
YIREB AND m a - o m u o p t AND W~SHMOTON. PAGE
Reftvned California Miner+-Indications in Oregon-Pmpe~ting~Dis-
coveries and Rushes--Wide Extermion of Oold Field-Increase of
I n d n s t r i d u a r t z Mining-Deep Gravel W i g byiEngliah Capi-
taliits-Ektensive Ditching-Silver-Wring Ledgee--Coal Develop
m e n b T h e Precions Metal in Washington-Insignificant Yield-
Extensive Ccd Fields-Widely Extended Dapwita-Formation of
C o m p m k and Opening of Minea.. ..............................
14.5

CHAPTER VI.
hUUE9 AND MININQ-IDAHO AND ACO-yAN&
The Clearwater, Salmon River, and Boii M i - O t h e r Districts-Pro-
duction of the Precious Mepk-Depreaaion and Revival-Mining
To-Yield-Quartz Mills-The Owghee Region-The Poorman
Mime-Wood River D i s t r i c t ~ a u k F6 o r k - C a r i b C t e u r d'Alene
-Base M e t a b M o n t a n a t k i ~o&-of Oold-Varieties of Deposits
--Gems-Plaeer and Quartz Diiverias-John X. Beidlec-The
Whitlatch Mime-Silver LodebDecadence of Miming--Oatput--
Copper, Iron, Marble, and W - h y Office a t Helena.. ........ 157

CHAPTER VII.
Dl- BfIXIHa-BRITISH COLUBfBIA AI?D ALASKA.
AND
JWellsion Northward of the Great Cold ~ i e l d - ~ i s c o v ~ ron
i ~Thomp
s
son and Fraser Rivers-Characterof the Metal-Mining Processes-
Gold Commissioners-Mining Laws-Geologic Featnros-Further
1
Diaeoveriea and Extension of Field-The Cariboo Country-Obsta-
cles-Yield-Iron and Other Metala--Cad-Mineral Resources of
A h s k a 4 1 d Mining-The Juneau Diutrict-The Treadwell Lode. 171

CHAPTER 'VIII. . -
. arnres AnD XI1PrnQ--NEvAD& .
Advantagen of Mia-Orography-Placem and Quartz--Discovery of
the Comatock Lode-Description-Formation of Companies--Sin-
peudou8 Works and Machinery-The Sntro Tunnel-Manipulation,
Speculation, and Stock Fhadu-Clai~lll and Litigation-Labor
LeagueeAaaessments and Yield--Other Districts-Boundless Mim-
eral Wealth.. .................. .................... .; ......
.1. 188

CHAPTER IX.
IIF& OF JAMES a. XbIB
BnslysH of Cbmctm-Physique and Faturea-Wife and ~ h i l h n -
Parentage and Boyhood-Jonrney to Mifornia-Plaoer-mining-
King of the Comstock-The Bonanza F u m ~ A b i i i t yas a Manager '
-The Comatwk Bonanzas-System of Supervision-United Statea ,
Senator-The Wheat Deal-Wealth-Characteristics.. ............
209
CONTENTS. vii

CHAPTER X.
LIRE OP S I X W X WENBAN. PAGE
Wilosophy of Legitimate Mining-Nativity and Education-Y-
Amval in CalifornLEarly Miming Experience-Pmpective Tour
-Dieeovery of the Cortb District-Struggles and Misfortunes-
Minea and Mills-h-lodies-EmployBa-Ontput and Outlay-
Processes--Causea of Snccess-Character-Children and Grandchil-
dren.. d...................................... ;. ............... 237

CHAPTER XI.
MU?% AND Kemr-UTAH AND W Y O m ( i .
The Continental ba~station-~ncreaae of ~ o ~ u l a t i o n ~ ~ i s c oofv e r ~
Iron Deposits-The Supply 1ne.xhaustible-Coal-Copper and Lead
-Other Metals and ~ i n e r a l i ~ ~ & i dStones-The
ih~ Precious Met-
als-Discoveries and Developmen+Pi Id Early Explorations in
Wyoming-&verument Expeditions to\; Black Hills and Big- r
horn Country-Rumors and Discoveries of Gold-Mining Districts
-Coal Deposits-Manipulations of Railway Companies-Labor
Troubles-Iron, CO@, and 0 t h Metals.. ....................
fa
I
I CHAPTER XII.
Q
IPE OP HORACE AUSTIN WARNER.,TABOE.
A Founder of the Commonwealth-Ancestry, Parentage, and Education ,
-Life a t Quincy-A Member of the Kansas Legislature-Removal
to Colorado-At the eadville Mines-In Denver-The Tabor Block

.
and Opera-house-Other IG~terprises-Domestic Relations-Politi-
cal Career-Criticisms and Remarks.. ...........................
273
t

CHAPTER XIII. '


MINES AND MININO---COLORbDO.
The Oldest of Ameri-wn Gold Deposits-Ancient Shafts of the Cliff-
dwellers or of the Spaniards-California Pilgrims-Cherokees--
Gold Discovered-To-Pike's Peak-Large Migration-Geo-
logic Formation-Character of the Deposits-Prospectinp and
wild Rnahinga-Parks and Peaks--Mining Laws-Yield-Mills
and Pmwaaea-Lead, Iron, and Coal.. ..........................
'340

CHAPTER XIV.
2
LIFE 9P ISAAC ELDER BLAXf
Petmlenm-Anwstry and Early Environment-Among the Oil Wells-
In Colorado--Freight Combination Oil-tank Car-RevolntionizIng
of the Oil Rnsine~-In California-Wealth and Honors-Character
and Position..
.,
.................. . . . . . . ............
I.. .A 359

..... -
.
....,'-,.+..... ......:.
I :
:": '
! ........... \ '**j
.,., . . . --- .......... :
CHAPTER XV.
LIFE OF NATHANIEL P. HILL PbGl
Vcmatility of Talent-Anceatry and Early Life-Gradnab a t Univer-
sity-Chair of Chemistry-Viait to Colorado-Examination of Ores
-Study of Processes of Reduction-Studies in Enrope-Important
bnlts-Boston aud Colorado Smelting Company-L the United
States Senate-Family-Physiqae-Salient Chamcteristics.. ......
377

CHAPTER XVI.
MINES AHD MISISG-SEW YEXICO, ARIZOXA, AND TEXAS.
Historic >lines-Old -and Kew Placers-Yield-Later Developments-
The Pueblos as Ifiners-Stories of Lost Mines in Arizona-Effect $
the Ciril War on Mining-The Tombstone Bonanzas-Copper De-
poaita-S~lver-bearing Quartz-Diamond Fields-Geological Char-
acteristics-The Great & l t C o a l and Iron Belta in Texas-Coal
hleasures-Trend of Veins-Area-Coal Mining-Petroleum-Iron
-Copper-Silver- Lead-Gold-WLGypsnmandOther Miierals. 399

CHAPTER XVII.
XASCPACrl~IXTRODC~ORY.
hlechanical EIforts of the Indians-dlmriginal Dwllings, Ornaments,
Pottery, Dress, and Weapons-Nahna and Maya Architectnre,
Sculpture, Feather-work, and Jewelry-Evil Policy of Spain-The
Russians in Alaska-Lumber and Workings in -Wood-Fisheries-
M n e n c e of Mines-Lalmr and Wages.......................... 417
- C

CHAPTER XVIII.
LIFE OF ASA XEAD SIMPSOS.
A Factor in Ship-builclig and Lumber blilling-The Rise of this Indas.
try-Nora1 Force in Good and Evil Fortune-Strength of Character
in its Simplicity-Independence in Labor-The Homely Virtaes
Underlying Yanhood. ......................................... 429

CHAPTER X I X
IAN~PA~CRES-CALIPORSIL
Miasion Manafactnres-Atcisans from the United States-Machinery
Required for Mining and Agricnltnre-Results of Nccessities-
Early Obstacles and Failures-Flour-mills-Canneries--Brewiug
and Distilling-Fisheries-California Inventions-Shipbuilding-
Furniture-Iron Fonnrlries-Other Metal \Torks-Jeuelry, Brick.
Stone, Glass, Powder, Fireworks. and itlatches-Nining Rcqnire-
ments-Type, Paper, and Printing-Tanneries ancl Leather Work
-Sa?p. Oil, and Paints-tVoo1t.u. Cotton, and Silk Works-Me-
chanics' Fairs.. ..............................................430
CONTEXTS. ix

CHAPTER XX.
AVSTIN SPERRY.
LIFE O F PAGE

Family Traits-Father and Mother-Force of Heredity and Example-


Labor and Character-Small Beginnings of a Great Induatry-
Growth of EVheat and iManufactnre oi Flour-Usefulness of a Plain,
Honest, Active Life-A Character of More than U s d Strength and
Capab'iy .................................................... 471

CHAPTER XXL
LIFEOF WENDELL EAmOX.
Nantucket Forty Years Ago-The Eastons--Birth of Wendell Easton-
Journey to California by the Isthmus-Early School-days in San
Francisco-The Young Real Estate Clerk-dssistimnt Secretary of
Crown Point-New Venture in San Francisco-Early Diffimlties-
Marriage-Increasing Snccess-Tbe Waahington Colony at Fresno
. -Partnership with Eldridge in the Auction Business-Real Estate
Sales in Southern California-New Projectk-Opinions-Character. 49?

CHAPTER XXII.
I
j
LIVE3 OF JOHX 9. MOEOAIi AWD JOEN B-TON.
Ancestry and Boyhood of John S. Morgan-The ~ a m i l yHomestead--
'
Arrival in California-At Shoalwater Bay-Founding of the Oyster .
Business-The Jlorgan Oyster Company-Native and Transplanted '
i Oysters-Wife and Children-Appearance and Character-Parent
! age and Youth of John Barton-Manufacture of Salt-The Union
Pacific Salt Company-Other Enterprises-&Iarrbge-Family-
Summary of Career.. ..........................................
530

CHAPTER XXIII.
LIF% OF BEXJAMIN F. PORTER.
Our Successful Men-Genealogy--John Porter-William Porter-Benja-
. min and Micaiah Porter-Parentage-Education-Arrival in Cali-
fornia-Wood-chopping-The Soquel Tannery-Inception of Boot
- and Shoe Manufactures-Porter, Slessinger, and Company-The
San Fernando T r a c e O t h e r Estates and Enterprises-Sopervisoror
for Santa Crnz County-Political Triews-Wife and ~ h i l d r e n l
Characteristics................................................ 544

CHAPTER XXIV.
FOETER
LIFE O F GEOHCE K.
Our Leather Interests-Nativity and Lineage-Hi Father and Mother
-His Birthplace and Training-Early Career in California-The
h t and She? Iudustry-Ssn Francisco Fsctory-Operations in
Real Estate-Senator for Santa Cmz and Monterey Counties-The
Slavery Question-The EducJional -Question-Mra Porter-Habits,
Manner, and Appearance-Summary of Career.. .................
657
CHAPTER XXV.
?dANUPACl'UEgS-XEUCO LYD C E N T R A L =C& PAQP
The lrimary Test of Civilization-Indian Work-Clothing, Cooking
Utensils, Ordnents, and Weapons-Improvement in Cottou F a L
rics-The S i k Industry-Nahua Metal and O b i d i m W o r k k P o b
. . tery, Baakets, and Cloths-Tanning and Leather Work-Dyeing-
Ihcioun Stones and S~lverWork-Manufactures of the Mayas-
Coming of the Spaniards-Intdnction of Enropean Induatriea
-M&cations and @velopments.. ............................ 568

CHAPTER XXVI. .

The Native T r i i of Texas not Mannf~tusers-Mexican Colonial T i m


-Introduction of Saw and Grist bliih-Abundance of Raw Mati*
rial-Lumber and Plening Milla-Wqonq -tore, and Barrela
-Meat-pack-Tanning and Leather Work-Iron Works and
dgricoltunl Implement&Cotton and Woollen ~ u t r c t o r i ~ b
Brick and Pottery-Tobacco and Cigara.. ......................
682

CHAPTER XXVII.
tUANlJFACTURE%ABIZON~ N E W MEXICO, COWRADO, N E V A D b dKD C T A E
, The Prigbloa and their Indnstries-Floorand Saw MilkLttmber, Bread-
stuffs, and Meet-packing in Colorado--Iron and Smelting Work*
Mining and Industrial Exposition-Lurnhw and Flour MMilla of Ne-
vada--Ice and Fish-Imn-aorlre4in88e-Coiipmtion in Utah-
Ker Man*-. ............................................ 590
C

CHAPTER XXVIII.
XA?FDPACrrmES-IDAEO, MOXTdUYA, WYOMING, OBBOOK, AND W ~ Q T O ~ ~
The First Saw-mi& of Idaho--Boid City and Lewiston MiLln-Statistia,
-Reeonrcw and Maunlacturea of Montana--Wyoming Mannfac-
t u d h e y e m e - & e g o n Grist and Woonen Mills-Lnrnhr and
Furniture-Shipbddingsslmm-Des~elopment-1 Mannfsc-
t u r n of Washington-Timber--Saw-mills--Shipbuildiog-FLo~~-
Lime-Wool-Smelting-Fiahh.. ............................ 6M
CHAPTER X.XIX.
a or wmr,x.m =%TON.
L m
His Parentage and Early Snmoundinp-A Worthy Father and a Mothe?
of Great Character--T Schonl of @hr-Secfaring-Ship's Weer
at Eighteen-Pioneer and Builderof the North P d c Coast-Lum-
hr-milling on hget Sound-Power and Usefulness--Sarah Martha
Rsntou, his Wife-Her Characteristics s t Home and in Affiirr-A
Woman of Bnainesa-They Bnilded Together-The L-M Deducted
from Two Lives Which were ns One.. ........................... 615
8'
CHAPTER XXX.
:.
Y h I A C P I I B g S I - B B I T I S H COLUMBIA ARl-* . - PAQX
Aboriginal Artisam-Bhketu from Cedar Fibre and Wad H e m p
Dyeing and Stamping-Utilization of Indian Labor in Civilized
Mannfactures-Salting and Canning Salmon-Other Food-fiah-Oil
-Lumber-Ship-buil&g-The Fisheries of Alaska-Salmon and
Salmon-canning-Cod and Other Food-6ah-Whaling-Timber and
Shipbuilding .................. .... ........... ...............
. 644

You might also like