Cancer 15: A group of people who have overeaten and enj oyed it

T h e w o r d g r o u p i s a d e r i v a t i v e o f t he r o o t g ( e) r - 2 w h i ch m e a n s c u r v i n g , c r o o k e d . 1 A m o n g i t s p a r o n ym s are the words agraffe (a hook or clasp), k r e p l a c h ( s m a l l p oc k e t s o f n o o d le d o u g h f i l l e d w i t h g r o u n d m e a t o r c he e se ) , grapnel (a small anchor with three or m o r e f l u k e s ) , cr u mp e t , c r u m mi e ( a c ow , e s p e c i a l l y on e w i t h c r o o k e d h o r n s ) , c r u m p l e , c r im p , c r a m p ( a s u d d e n , i n v o l u n t a r y , sp a s mo d i c m u s c u l a r c o n t r a c t i o n c a u s i n g s e ve r e p a i n ), c r i p p l e , c r e e p , c r in g l e ( a s m a l l r i n g o r g r o m m e t o f r o p e or m e t a l f a s t e n e d t o t h e e d g e o f a s a i l ) , c r i n k l e , c r i n ge , cr e e k , c r o o k , cr o c h e t , c r o q u e t , c r o t c h, c r o u c h , e n cr o a c h, c r u t c h, c r o s ie r ( a s t a f f w i t h a cr o o k o r c r o s s a t t h e e n d , c a r r i e d b y o r b e f o r e a n a b b ot , b i s h o p , o r a r c h b i sh o p a s a s y m b o l o f o f f i c e ) , l a c r o s s e , c r u l l e r (s m a l l, u su a l l y r i n g - s h a p e d o r t w i s t e d ca k e o f s w e e t d o u g h f r i e d i n d e e p f a t ) , cu r l , cr a n k , cr o ck ( o n e t ha t i s w o r n - o u t , d e c r e p i t , o r i m p a i re d ; a w r e c k ) , c a r p ( t o f i n d f a u l t i n a di s a g r e e a b l e w a y ; c o m p l a i n f r e t f u l l y ), g o o s e be r r y , c r u m b, c r o u p ie r , c r u p p e r , c r a d l e , ca r t , c r o u p ( t he r u m p o f a b e a s t o f b u r d e n , e s p e c i a l l y a h o r s e ), c r o p , cr o ck , c r u s e ( a s m a l l e a r t h e n w a r e c on t a i n e r f o r h o l d i n g l i q ui d s ) , c r c h e ( a r e p r e s e n t a t i on o f t h e N a t i v i t y, u s u a l ly w i t h s t a t u e s o r fi g u r i n e s ) , a n d c r o f t (a s m a l l e n c lo s e d f i e l d o r p a s t ur e n e a r a h o u s e ; a s m a l l f a r m ) . T h e w o r d o v e r d e sc e n d s f r o m t h e I E ro o t u p e r - , w h i c h me a n s o v e r . I t s p a r on y m s i n c l u d e so v e r e ig n , su p e r , su p e r b, su p e r io r , su p r e m e , s i r l o i n , s u p e r n a l , su m , su m mi t , s o p r a n o , s o m e r sa u l t , a n d t h e p re f i x e s supra-, and sur-.2

1 Watkins, c. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo -European Roots, p. 27 2 Watkins, c. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots, p. 94 Starling Hunter 2011 1

T h e w o r d e a t e n d e s c e n d s f r o m t he r oo t e d - w h i c h m e a n s t o e a t a l t h o u g h o r i g i n a l l y i t m e a n t t o b i t e . 3 I t s p a r on y m s i n c l ud e f r e t ( t o c a u s e t o b e u n e a s y; v e x ) , f r a s s ( d e b r i s o r e x c r e m e n t p r o d u c e d b y i n s e ct s ), e t c h , e d i b l e , e s c a r o l e , e s c u l e n t (s u i t a b l e f o r e a t i n g ) , e su r ie n t ( h u n g r y , g r e e d y ) , co m e d o ( b l a c k he a d ), c o me s t i b l e , o be s e , p r a n d ia l ( o f o r r e l a t i n g t o a m e a l ), a n o d y n e ( c a p a b l e o f s o o t h i n g o r e l i mi n a t i n g p a i n ) , a n d p l e u r o d y n ia ( p a i n i n t he c h e s t c a u s e d b y i n f la m m a t i o n o f t h e m u s c l e s b e t w e e n t he r i b s ) . T h e w o r d e n j o y e d i s c o m p ri s e d o f t he i n t e n si v e p re f i x e n - , t h e b a s e j o y , a n d t he p a s t p a r t i c i p l e s u f f i x , e d . T h e b a s e de s c e n d s f r o m t h e I E r o o t g a u - w h i c h me a n s t o r e j oi c e . 4 O t h e r d e r i v a t i v e s i n c l u d e g a u d y ( s h o w y o r t a s t e le ss i n a v u l g a r w a y ) , r e j o i c e , a n d g a n o i d ( o f , r e l a t i n g t o , o r c h a r a c t e ri s t i c o f c e r t a i n b on y f i s he s , s u c h a s t he s t u r ge o n a n d t h e g a r, t h a t h a ve a r m o r - l i k e s c a l e s c o n si s t i n g o f b o n y p la t e s c ov e r e d w i t h l a y e r s of dentine and enamel). T H E M E S : O n e fa i r ly o b v i o u s t he m e i n c l u d e s F O O D , E A T IN G , A N D M E A L S . R e c a ll t h a t t h e b a s e ke y w o r d o v e r e a t e n d e s ce n ds f r o m t h e r o o t e d - w h i c h me a n s t o e a t . A m o n g i t s fo o d - a n d e a t i n g - r e la t e d p a r o n y m s a r e e s ca r o l e ( a v a r i e t y o f e n di v e ) , e d i bl e , e s c u l e n t , e su r i e n t , c o me s t i bl e , a n d p r a n d i a l . I n t e re s t i n g l y , m a n y p a ro n y m s o f g r o u p r e f e r t o f o o d k r e p l a c h , cr u mp e t , c r u l l e r , go o se b e r r y , a n d c r u m b . F u r t h e r , a m o n g t h e p a r o n y m s o f o v e r i s s i r l o in w h i l e t h e p a r o n y m s o f e n j o ye d i n c l u d e g a n o i d t h e fi s h st u r g e o n a n d g a r. T he f o r m e r o f t h e s e t w o f i s h i s hi g h l y valued as a source of caviar. Also, we could note that the word gaudy m e a n s t a s t e l e s s , a w o r d t h a t l i t e r a l ly m e a n s la c k i n g f l a v o r a n d w h i c h f i g u r a t i v e l y m e a n s t h e l a c k o f a s e n se o f w h a t i s p r op e r, s e e m l y , o r l i k e l y t o g i v e o f fe n s e i n a g i v e n s o ci a l s i t u a t i o n . 5

3 Watkins, c. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo -European Roots, p. 22 4 Watkins, c. (2000), The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo -European Roots, p. 25 5 http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/tas te Starling Hunter 2011 2

A n o t h e r t he m e c on c e r n s ( D I S ) A F FE CT I O N . O b vi o u s l y , t h e k e y w o r d e n j o y e d s u g g e s t s t h e s t a t e o f ha p p i n e s s . T h e o p p o s i t e i s c o n v e y e d b y c a r p , on e o f t h e p a r o n y m s o f g r o u p . A s a v e r b t h a t w o rd m e a n s t o fi n d f a u l t i n a d i sa g r e e a b l e w a y a n d t o c o mp l a i n f r e t f u l l y . 6 I n t e r e s t i n g l y , c a r p ha s a h o m o n ym w h i c h i s a n e d i b l e f r e s h w a t e r f i s h. I n t e r e st i n g l y , the word fret is a paronym of eaten. F i n a l l y , w e mi g h t n o t e t ha t t he r e a re se v e r a l P H Y S I C A L IN F I R M I TI E S A N D A I L M E NT S i n c l u d e d a m o n g t h e a b o v e . P a r o n y m s of g r o u p i n c l u d e c r a m p , c r ip p l e a n d c r u m mi e w h i le p a r o n y m s o f e a t e n i n cl u d e e s u r i e n t , c o m e d o , o be s i t y , a n d p l e u r o d y n ia .

6 http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/fret Starling Hunter 2011 3