Energy Dynamics Limited BROAD Group

In association with

Introduction to Energy Dynamics Limited Introduction to BROAD Group Absorption Cooling Technology LPG Absorption Overview of Energy Structure in Jamaica Cogeneration LPG Absorption Feasibility Conculsion Thanks

Energy Dynamics Limited (EDL) is an Energy Services Company (ESCo) based in Trinidad and Tobago but operating throughout the Caribbean for over ten (10) years.

Commenced in 2000 Member Caribbean Hotel Association Operates throughout Caribbean Barbados (EDL Renewables) Eastern Caribbean Dominican Republic Dutch Caribbean St. Maarten, Aruba & Curacao Provides Energy & Environmentally Friendly Solutions Manage US$ 15 M in Projects Annually

Energy Dynamics Limited exists to profitably provide the most economically and environmentally friendly solutions to satisfy our customers.
In support of this we are committed to: Developing long term relationships through effective customer service; Keeping in the forefront of technology through training and educating our employees and customers; Evaluating and selecting appropriate technologies to meet our customers needs; Providing a challenging, profitable and harmonious work environment for our employees; Building and maintaining long term and honest relationships with our suppliers.

 Energy Engineering Services Energy Audits Design of Building M & E Energy Systems
HVAC, Plumbing & Electrical Systems Cogeneration Systems Feasibility Studies

Corporate Utility Management Programs (CUMP)

Supply of Energy Efficient Solutions Renewable Energy Systems Solar Thermal & PV Project Financing (ESCo)

Broad Air Conditioning Systems Building Management Systems Energy Recovery & Dehumidification Systems Active & Passive Chilled Beams Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

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Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

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Energy Dynamics Limited - "Buy the Power to Save"

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Broad Air Conditioning Certified Service Engineers Alerton BMS Certified Engineers AEE - Certified Energy Managers FSEC Certified PV Engineers FSEC Certified Solar Thermal Engineers AEE - Distributed Generation Certified Professionals HVAC Engineering Technicians (York, Mc. Quay, LG).

Customer Petrotrin Oil - HVAC Petrotrin Oil - Mechanical E-Teck - HVAC E-Teck - BMS One Woodbrook Place - HVAC One Woodbrook Place - BMS US Embassy Barbados - BMS Secondary Schools - HVAC Primary Schools - HVAC Social Development Tower - HVAC

US Million Dollars 4.4 1.0 2.0 0.6 5.0 1.0 0.4 13.0 1.9 3.0

Customer Hospital Commercial Building Commercial Building NGC Warehouse Hospital Accra Beach Resort The Crane Resort OWP Apartment Complex Commercial Building Financial Complex Commercial Office

Location Trinidad Trinidad Trinidad Trinidad Trinidad Barbados Barbados Trinidad Trinidad Trinidad Dominican Republic

Chiller Quantity 2 3 2 2 1 3 2 2 1 1 1

Year of Chiller capacity Total capacity (Rt) commissioning (Rt) 66 20 33 100 66 66 248 1300 66 413 20 132 60 66 200 66 198 496 2600 66 413 20 2003 2004 2005 2005 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2009

Customer Secondary School Secondary School Chemical Laboratory Commercial Building Hotel Secondary School Secondary School Secondary School University of Trinidad & Tobago University

Location Trinidad Trinidad Trinidad Trinidad Dominican Republic Trinidad Trinidad Trinidad Trinidad Jamaica

Chiller Quantity 1 2 3 3 1 3 3 3 2 3

Year of Chiller capacity Total capacity (Rt) commissioning (Rt) 66 165 331 250 661 2 *165 + 66 2 *165 + 66 2 *165 + 66 1300 800 66 330 993 750 661 396 396 396 2600 2,400 2010 2010 2011 TBC TBC 2011 TBC TBC TBC TBC

Energy Cooperation Forum

Distributed Energy System & BROAD CCHP case study

November 21, 2011

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BROAD & key technology of CCHP LiBr absorption chiller

A private group with 2,400+ employees. Established in 1988 with USD 3,000 by Mr. Zhang Yue. No.1 global seller of absorption chillers since 1996 25,000+ installations in 70+ countries. No. 1 global market share. Nineteen straight years profitable, fourteen straight years loan-free and eleven straight years top tax payer among Chinese private companies.

Developing Milestones
First direct-fired non-electric chiller (DFA) manufactured in China (1992) World's largest manufacturer and seller of non-electric chillers (since 1996) World's only manufacturer remotely monitoring all chillers (since 1996) World's first exhaust-fired non-electric chiller (1999) World's first multi-energy non-electric chiller (2001)
BROAD covers an area of 1 km2 / 100 hectares The 2nd BROAD Town is 3 times bigger.

World's smallest non-electric chiller (2002) & largest central air conditioning (2003)

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BROAD Facts
A private enterprise with 2,000+ employees. Established in 1988 with US$3,000. No.1 global seller of absorption chillers since 1996 25,000+ installations in 70+ countries. No. 1 global market share. Nineteen straight years profitable, fourteen straight years loan-free and eleven straight years top tax payer among Chinese private companies.

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BROAD Facilities

Worlds largest production lines for absorption chillers

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BROAD Facilities
TESTING PLATFORM

100+ testing beds to test all performances of 23kW ~ 11.63MW chillers. The largest and most advanced testing platform for absorption chillers all over the world.

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BROAD Facilities

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BROAD Facilities

Whole unit shootblasting 2 x 1,632m3 shootblasting machines ensure: 1. Clearing the metal rust and enhancing the painting; 2. Exposing the welding leakages; 3. Reduce the strength by welding, avoid deformation by welding and expansion.

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BROAD Service
BROAD believes fire-control service, rather than fire-fighting service -- We think much of maintenance, rather than salvage.
24/7 3-level Free Monitoring Service for 25 years 24/7 Maintenance From BROAD resident-work engineers + Service engineers of local partners 25 Years Free Annual LiBr Solution analysis to indicate the health of the chiller

Monitoring Center in BROAD H.Q.

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Service team locally

Atomic Absorption Spectrometer

BROAD Service

The fifth China After Sales Service Awards was holding in National Guest Hotel on April 2nd. BROAD, Haier, ZoomLion and SinoTruck awarded Chinese Meritorious Service Enterprises, the top after sales service awards in China. Other 30 enterprises awarded Top 10 service by their products, service and sales.

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Social benefits of CCHP system & BROAD achievement

BROAD & WORLD EXPO SHANGHAI BROAD & COP16 CANCUN, MEXICO

BROAD was awarded Global Partner of World Expo 2010 Shanghai

Mexico President attended ribbon-cutting ceremony of COP16 BROAD Pavilion

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Social benefits of CCHP system & BROAD achievement

In May of 2011,our president Zhang Yue was one of the five who awarded the honorable title of CHAMPIONS OF THE EARTH by UNEP

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Introduction of DES/CCHP system & its development

Distributed Energy System /Combined Cooling, Heating and Power is a system that apply power, cooling and heating to customers in one district at the same time to achieve high-efficiency through integration and application of primary energy conversion.

40%

1. 2. 3. 4.

EU such as Denmark, Netherlands etc. are over 40% USA 7% in 2003(56,000MW) Japan in 2006 reaches 8,700MW China has a late start because of the limitation of natural gas.

35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% CCHP generating and install capacity ratio Danmark Netherlands U.S.A Japan

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Economical analysis
With using natural gas as its primary energy, the DES/CCHP system is usually use gas turbine or combustion engine to generate firstthen high-temp exhaust gas to generate more power through exhaust heat boiler-steam turbinethe low grade heat like low-temp exhaust gas and low pressure steam extraction are used for cooling and heating.

Loss 10%

generation efficiency

CCHP system can achieve 90% of the total thermal energy use efficiency . According to the data from US department of commerce: average energy saving ratio of CCHP system can reach 46%.

Electricity 35%

Waste heat recovery 55%

exhausted heat recovery to improve cooling/heating efficiency heat loss

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Typical application and solution of CCHP system

Chilled water 7Efficiency 78% Exhaust 500 Gas turbine Exhaust chiller Electricity
Efficiency 35%

Mode 1: Exhaust type Energy efficiency: Electricity + cooling 113% Electricity + heating 86%

Natural gas

Heating w ater 65
Efficiency 51%

Chilled water 7Efficiency 78% Heating water65

Efficiency 51%

Mode 2: Exhaust & direct-fired type Energy efficiency: Electricity + cooling 113% Electricity + heating 86%

Natural gas Gas turbine

Exhaust 500

Exhaust chiller Electricity

Efficiency 35%

Chilled water 7Efficiency 66% Heating water 65Efficiency 46% & direct-fired

Mode 3: Exhaust, hot water & direct-fired type Energy efficiency: Electricity + cooling 104% Electricity + heating 84%

Natural gas Gas generator

Exhaust 500 hot water chiller Jacket water 98

Electricity

Efficiency 38%

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BROAD products are running in more than 70 countries

Dominic Republic Jamaica

SOUTH AFRICA

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QUALCOMM HQ, USA

Project features:
Power generator supplies electricity to building or power grid, BROAD chiller recycles exhaust for cooling, no fuel input Cooling capacity: 4600kw (1x Exhaust Fired Chiller) Power generator capacity: 4,500 kW (1 x Gas Turbine) Power generation efficiency 35% Yearly energy saving cost: $ 780,000 Payback period: 1.7 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 2,333 ton oil
CDMA Patent Holder Mr. Jacobs, Chairman of Qualms, taking part in the ribbon-cutting Ceremony

Yearly CO2 cutting: 7,000 ton Equivalent of planting: 380,000 trees

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FORT BRAGG Air Force Base, North Carolina

US military base of the 82nd Airborne Division, key air force base Chiller model: 1 x BE300VIII515-35.1/29.4-6.7/12.2-d Cooling capacity: 3,500kW Power generator capacity: 5,200 kW (1 x Solar gas turbine) Power generation efficiency 30% Yearly energy saving: $ 270,000 Payback period: 4 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 808 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 2,420 ton Equivalent of planting: 131,480trees

BROAD CHP type: Exhaust fired chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 88%

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Princeton University, New Jersey

A private co-educational research university , one of the eight universities of Ivy League. Chiller model: 1x BHE177X440-92/98.9-38/29.4-7.2/15.6-d-200 Cooling capacity: 2,326kW Power generator capacity: 4,555kW (2 x CAT gas engine) Power generation efficiency 38% Yearly energy saving: $ 209,340 Payback period: 2.4 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 626 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 1,880 ton Equivalent of planting: 101,840 trees

BROAD CHP type: Hot water & Exhaust chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 82%

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COSTANERA Center, Chile

The tallest building in the South America Chiller model: 5 x BZHE500IXBD-424-80/90-33/27-5.5/15.5-k Cooling capacity: 30,000kW Power generator capacity: 14,000 kW(6 x Cummins gas engine) Power generation efficiency: 38% Yearly energy saving: $ 6.3 millions Payback period: 1.3 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 8,333 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 25,000 ton Equivalent of planting: 1,370,000

BROAD CHP type: Hot water & exhaust&direct-fired chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 82%

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MABE Refrigerator, Mexico

Power generator supplies electricity to the factory, BROAD chiller recycles exhaust provide the process cooling water, no fuel input. Cooling capacity: 2,268kw (3x Exhaust Chiller) Power generator capacity: 930 kW (1 x Diesel Engine) Power generation efficiency 35% Yearly energy saving cost: $245,000 Payback period: 1.8 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 561ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 3400 ton

BROAD CHP type: Exhaust chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 65%

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Madrid Airport, Spain

Project features:
The generators supply power to the airport, and BROAD non-electric chillers recycle jacket water to supply cooling /heating. Cooling capacity: 20,000 kW (6 x hot water chiller) Gas Engines: 2,000 kW x 6 Power generation efficiency: 38% Yearly energy saving cost: $ 4.5 millions Payback period: 3 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 5,600 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 16,600 ton Equivalent of planting: 900 thousand trees
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Forum Barcelona 2004, Spain

Project features:
BROAD non-electric chillers recycle low pressure steam from steam turbines to supply cooling /heating. Cooling capacity: 20,000 kW (4 x steam chillers) Gas Engines: 14,000 kW x 4 Power generation efficiency: 38% Yearly energy saving cost: $ 4.5 millions Payback period: 2 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 5,600 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 16,600 ton Equivalent of planting: 85 thousands trees
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Giesecke & Devrient Munich, Germany

Security and expertise in banknotes, security documents, and smartcard solutions for communication and payment Chiller model: 1 x BHE65IX440-85/95-33/28-6/12-d Cooling capacity: 756kW Power generator capacity: 1,170 kW (1 x Deutz gas engine) Power generation efficiency 38% Yearly energy saving: Euro400,000 Payback period: 2.5 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 1,190 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 3,570 ton Equivalent of planting: 193,800 trees

BROAD CHP type: Hot water & exhaust chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 83%

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Colombo Shopping Mall, Lisbon Portugal

One of the largest shopping and leisure malls in Europe, Including dozens of restaurants, health club, multiplex cinema, funfair Chiller model: 2 x BE155X410-33/28-6/12-d-200 Cooling capacity: 3,600kW Power generator capacity: 6,000 kW (2 x Jenbacher gas engine) Power generation efficiency: 39% Yearly energy saving: Euro740,700 Payback period: 4.2years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 2,180 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 6,300 ton Equivalent of planting: 331,720 trees

BROAD CHP type: Hot water chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 66%

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Grodno Khimvolokno, Belarus

World famous special chemical fiber manufacturer Chiller model: 2 x BDH215X70/85-31/26-250 2 x BDH240X70/85-31/26-300 2 x BS200X0.8-35/29 Total cooling capacity: 15,000kW Power generator capacity: 36,000kW (12 x GE Jenbacher gas engine) Power generation efficiency: 38% Yearly energy saving: $554,000 Payback period: 3.5 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 54,300 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 9,100 ton Equivalent of planting: 402,840 trees

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Zdzieszowice Coke Plant(Phase I&II&III), Poland

The biggest producer of coking coal in Poland and owned by Mittal Mill Chiller model: 3 x BS450IX0.5-35/26-12/21-400 3 x BS360IX0.5-35/25-12/21-300 Cooling capacity: 28,260kW Power generator capacity: 80,000 kW (2 x Siemens steam Turbine) Power generation efficiency: 35% Yearly energy saving: Euro1.1million Payback period: 3.3 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 3,290 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 9,870 ton Equivalent of planting: 535,800 trees

BROAD CHP type: Steam chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 68%

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Canberra Airport( Phase I, II, III), Australia

Australian capital airport. Gas generators supply electricity and waste heat of exhaust and jacket water are recycled by BROAD for free cooling. Chiller model: 3 x BZHE95XD-454-80/88-33/27.5-5/13-70/50-k-100 Cooling capacity: 3,315kW Power generator capacity: 3,600 kW (3 x MWM gas engine) Power generation efficiency : 39% Yearly energy saving cost: $ 860,000 Payback period: 1.2 years Yearly energy saving equivalent:1,100ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 3,300 ton Equivalent of tree planting: 180,000 trees

BROAD CHP type: Hot water & exhaust&direct-fired chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 83%

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NAB Data Centre, Australia

Project features:
The generators supply power to the buildings, and BROAD non-electric chillers use exhaust & jacket water to supply cooling /heating. Cooling capacity: 1,900 kW (1 x exhaust, hot water & direct fired chiller) Gas Engines: 1,500 kW x 1 Power generation efficiency: 38% Yearly energy saving cost: $ 0.4 millions Payback period: 1.5 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 530 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 1,600 ton
National Australia Bank H.Q.

Equivalent of planting: 85 thousand trees

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WORLD EXPO, SHANGHAI

Building Area: Chiller Quantity: Total Cooling Capacity: Energy Input:

2.2 Million Sq. Meter 51 units 126MW/ 35,800RT Natural Gas + Exhaust

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China-Singapore Industrial Park Phase I (Moonbay Park)

Project features:
The generators supply power to the buildings, and BROAD non-electric chillers use waste steam to supply cooling. Cooling capacity: 28,000 kW (4 x steam chillers) Yearly energy saving cost: $ 7millions Payback period: 1.8 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 10,800 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 29,600 ton Equivalent of planting: 153 thousand trees

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Beijing World Trade Center Tower III, China

Project features:
Steam turbine adopts high pressure steam to produce electricity for public grid Cooling capacity: 11,630kW (2 x steam fired chillers) Cooling efficiency:141% (Cooling COP) Yearly energy saving cost: RMB 2.3 million Payback period: 3.7 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 3,033 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 9,100 ton
The tallest builing in beijing

Equivalent of planting: 500,000 trees

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DLF Cyber City, India

Project features:
The generators supply power to the buildings, and BROAD non-electric chillers use exhaust & jacket water to supply cooling. The backup burner provide cooling during generators idle time or partial load Total cooling capacity: 513,000 kW (Total 53 x exhaust, hot water & directed fired chillers) Power generation efficiency 38% Yearly energy saving cost: $ 78 millions
The world's largest real estate developer

Payback period: 1.2 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 260,000 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 780,000 ton Equivalent of planting: 43 million trees

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LEELA PALACE HOTEL, NEW DELHI

A 7 star hotel in New Delhi, BROAD chiller recycles exhaust for cooling. The backup burner provide cooling during generators idle time or partial load. Chiller model: 1 x BZE219XBD500-k-250 Total cooling capacity: 2,547kW Gas engine capacity: 2,200 kW (1 x MWM gas engine) Power generation efficiency: 39% Yearly energy saving: $ 147,000 Payback period: 2.7 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 440 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 1,320 ton Equivalent of planting: 71,440 trees

BROAD CHP type: Exhaust & direct-fired chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity =69%

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TRI PACK FILMS, KARACHI PAKISTAN

One of the famous film manufacturer in the world Chiller model: 6 x BE106X440-d-B2-125 Total Cooling Capacity: 7,398 kW Power generator capacity: 2,055 kW (6 x CAT gas engine) Power generation efficiency: 38% Yearly energy saving: $ 490,000 Payback period: 0.64 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 1,460 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 4,398 ton Equivalent of planting: 238,640 trees

BROAD CHP type: Exhaust chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 67%

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GRAMEEN PHONE, Bangladesh

Project features:
Power generator supplies electricity to buildings or power grid, BROAD chiller recycles exhaust for cooling, The backup burner provide cooling during generators idle time or partial load. cooling capacity: 5,815kW (2 x Exhaust & direct fired chillers 1 x Direct fired chiller) Power generator capacity: 1,000kW x 2 Yearly energy saving cost: $ 700,000 Payback period: 3.4 years
City landmark building

Yearly energy saving equivalent: 260,000 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 6,000 ton Equivalent of planting: 250,000 trees

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Jedda United Tower , Saudi Arabia

The tallest building in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Chiller model: 3 x BZHE332XB-400-90/100-40/34.4-6/14.9-d-500 Cooling capacity: 11,600kW Power generator capacity: 6,000kW (3 x Taihao diesel engine) Power generation efficiency 38% Yearly energy saving cost: $ 225,490 Yearly energy saving equivalent: 2400 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 6,780 ton Equivalent of planting: 358,000 trees BROAD CHP type: Hot water & exhaust & direct-fired chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 82%

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Kish Island, Iran

The first & biggest CHP project in Iran and it uses sea water directly as cooling water which can save water consumption and energy Chiller model: 3 x BS303X1.0-40/34-7/12-500 Cooling capacity: 10,600kW Power generator capacity: 125,000 kW (6 x Hitachi gas turbine) Power generation efficiency: 30% Yearly energy saving: $ 5,916,130 Payback period: 3 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 17,695 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 53,090 ton Equivalent of planting: 2,080,000 trees BROAD CHP type: Steam chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 81%

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Enfidha Airport, Tunisia

The most advanced airport in North Africa Chiller model: 2 x BHEY187X464-88/98-90/70-37/32-6/12-w-250 Cooling capacity: 4,350kW Power generator capacity: 4,349 kW (2 x CAT gas engine) Power generation efficiency: 38% Yearly energy saving: $ 57,060 Payback period: 3.2 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 2,560 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 7,900 ton Equivalent of planting: 420,000 trees

BROAD CHP type: Hot water & exhaust chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 84%

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THAI GOVERNMENT CENTER, BANGKOK

Office Building of the Thailand Federal Government Chiller model: 2 x BE907X533-38/32-6/13-d-1000 Cooling capacity: 21MW Power generator capacity: 5,500 KW (2 x Turbomach gas turbine) Power generation efficiency: 32% Yearly energy saving: $ 4.7 millions Payback period: 4 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 14,060ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 42,140 ton Equivalent of planting: 2,287,600 trees

BROAD CHP type: Exhaust chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 94%

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JAKARTA SPIN MILL, INDONESIA

One of the biggest textile mill in Indonesia,BROAD Packaged systems are implemented Chiller model: 8 x BHE148X454-81/88-7/13-d-200 Cooling capacity: 13.7MW Power generator capacity: 2, 000KW (8 x MTU gas engine) Power generation efficiency: 38% Yearly energy saving: $ 1.2 millions Payback period: 1.1 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 3,590 ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 10,710 ton Equivalent of planting: 581,400 trees

BROAD CHP type: Hot water & Exhaust chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling + Electricity = 82%

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Hyundai I'PARK, Korea

Located at the Busan Olympic sailing centre and its the highest

building at seaside. It is owned by Hyundai Group and six star hotel office and shopping mall are all included. Chiller model: 2 x BS65X0.8-6/13-37.5/32-75 Total cooling capacity: 1,520kW Yearly energy saving: $ 75,530 Payback period: 6.2 years Yearly energy saving equivalent: 520ton oil Yearly CO2 cutting: 1,230 ton Equivalent of planting: 62,000 trees

BROAD type: Steam chiller Energy efficiency: Cooling = 135%

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SEOUL BUNDANG PLANT, SOUTH KOREA (HEAT PUMP)

Model: Heating Capacity: Heat Input: Heating water in/out:

BDS1000 * 2 units 15.5MW / 4,418RT 0.36MPa waste steam 46.4 Deg C hot water 55 Deg C/ 89 Deg C

BROAD Steam Type Heat Pump

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WORKING PRINCIPLE

Heat Pump for Condensed Water Temp. Increase

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Q&A
Thank you very much!

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BROAD Absorption Chillers

How do they work?

Absorption Chillers

Uses the absorption cooling process to achieve the refrigeration effect necessary to produce chilled water; No mechanical compression of refrigerant as is done in the vapor compression type chiller; Therefore, very little electricity is needed for the absorption cooling system when compared to the vapor compression system. Two liquids inside:

Lithium Bromide (LiBr) absorbent

Diluted; or Concentrated Liquid; or Vapor

Water refrigerant

Absorption Cooling Cycle

High Temperature Generator
Dilute LiBr solution is boiled water vapor escapes, LiBr concentrated

Absorber
Water vapor condenses on cooling water tubes and LiBr becomes diluted

Condenser
Water vapor condenses to water

Evaporator
Water vaporizes at low temperature under vacuum conditions

BROAD Absorption Chillers

Inputs

Heat natural gas, town gas , biogas, diesel, recycled oil Lithium Bromide salt solution (non toxic, has a high affinity for water) Cooling water (30C) Chilled water (>5C) Heating water (<95C) Hot water (80C)

Outputs (dedicatedly or simultaneously)

BROAD Absorption Chillers

Features

Dual fuel gas/oil, gas/waste heat, multi energy Waste heat from power generation or industrial waste heat streams (steam, hot water, exhaust, etc.)

How the BROAD Chiller works

How the BROAD Chiller works Dilute LiBr solution is heated in the High Temperature Generator (HTG) and causes water vapour to leave and enter the Low Temperature Generator (LTG) where it is used to heat up some more dilute LiBr solution.

How the BROAD Chiller works Then it passes on to the Condenser where the water vapour condenses on the cooling water tubes to liquid water.

How the BROAD Chiller works The liquid water is then sprayed on the tubes in the Evaporator. These tubes contain the chilled water that is circulated for cooling.

How the BROAD Chiller works The evaporator is under vacuum condition which causes the water to evaporate at very low temperatures. The energy for vaporization is taken from the chilled water and so it is made colder.

How the BROAD Chiller works

The water vapour travels over to the Absorber where it will condense on the cooling water tubes. Concentrated LiBr, which has a high affinity for water, is sprayed over these tubes as well and absorbs the water, thus it becomes dilute LiBr solution that is returned to the High Temperature Generator (HTG) and the Low Temperature Generator (LTG)

How the BROAD Chiller works

Dilute LiBr solution is preheated using concentrated LiBr solution in the High Temperature Heat Exchanger (HTHE) and in the Low Temperature Heat Exchanger (LTHE) before it is returned to the Low Temperature Generator (LTG). and the High Temperature Generator (HTG) respectively.

BROAD BCT Chiller

Available Capacities: 6.6 - 33 RT Includes water cooled condenser Fuels: Natural gas, LPG, Town gas, Light Oil NG consumption: 10kWh/m3

BROAD Direct Fired Absorption Chiller

BROAD Steam Absorption Chiller

BROAD Packaged Chiller

Central Air Conditioning Industrialization

Space Saving The BROAD Packaged Chiller includes chilled water pumps and cooling water pumps on a single skid.

It may also be totally enclosed in a container to protect the components from weathering and to make installation easy.

BROAD Packaged Chiller

Central Air Conditioning Industrialization

Energy Saving 50% less water resistance from large sized check valves means less pumping energy required.

Two pump system - Inverter controlled.Water will be pumped according to demand.

BROAD Packaged Chiller

Central Air Conditioning Industrialization

Water Softener Water treatment chemicals are included to deposit in the cooling water circuit.

QUESTIONS?
Thank You!

CAC 2000
Steven Marston CEng, P.E

BRIEF DESCRIPTION
Large A/C and mechanical engineering contractor operating in Jamaica since 1929 Specialist engineering skills with demonstrated capability in high tech projects One of the only two Grade 1 A/C contractors approved by NCC A few recent projects:
NMIA airport all HVAC work including energy centre (4 no 450 ton chillers), buried chilled water pipeline, air handling units, controls etc UWI BMSC an extremely complex HVAC system including active chilled beams, Taco LoFlo pumping system and dedicated outside air units PCJ replacing the existing chillers/ice storage system with a Carrier 23XRV chiller and reducing electricity consumption by 63% LG VRF systems installed (or being installed) in 12 locations these typically save 50-60% on a/c consumption

BROAD ABSORPTION CHILLER

LARGE HOTEL JAMAICA

Steven Marston CAC 2000

EXISTING SYSTEM
450 ton chiller 400 ton chiller CHW pumps (3 no 40 hp) Cond pump (2 no 50 hp) Cooling towers (2 no) Cleaver Brooks boiler fuel oil fired (old) producing low pressure steam (used in laundry) Calorifier converts energy from steam to heat water Temperature mixing valve (for room hot water) Laundry facilities Multi-storey hotel with rooms, kitchens, common areas etc.

LAYOUT

ST-800 NT

19XR

CHW PUMP

COND PUMP

NT CALOR

P-1 LAUNDRY B-1

ASSUMPTIONS
Chiller plant operates 24 hours/day and 355 days/year Load profile of hotel known Hot water quantity known Electricity cost US$0.33 /kWh comprising consumption + fuel @US$0.296 and demand at US$14.97/kW (rate 40) LPG at US$0.74/l Water at US$6.3/cu m Simulated using Carrier HAP software

ANNUAL UTILITY COSTS

Existing system Units/yr Cost/yr Electricity (kWh) Chiller, pumps, tower Rest of hotel Annual electricity Diesel/LPG Chiller (l) Boiler (l) Annual Fuel (l) Cooling tower Water and chemicals Total utilities (US$)

1,530,839 3,189,248 4,720,087

506,622 1,055,355 1,561,977

269,011 269,011

228,659 228,659

43,800

293,281 2,083,917

ENERGY SAVING OPTIONS CONSIDERED

Option 1
Improve efficiencies of existing chiller plant

Option 2
Change from electrically driven chillers to a direct-fired absorption chiller

OPTION 1: IMPROVE EFFICIENCIES OF EXISTING PLANT

New 450 ton 23XRV variable speed chiller (most efficient electric chiller option)to replace the older 400 ton chiller VFDs and energy efficient motors installed on existing pumps and tower Valve modification of existing AHUs Non-chemical water treatment system saves chemicals, water and the chemical free dump water can be re-used for irrigation (not valued here)

CARRIER 23XRV CHILLER

OPTION 1: ANNUAL UTILITY COSTS

Existing system Units/yr Cost/yr Electricity (kWh) Chiller, pumps, tower Rest of hotel Annual electricity Diesel/LPG Chiller (l) Boiler (l) Annual Fuel (l) Cooling tower Water and chemicals Total utilities (US$) Savings 23XRV chiller Units/yr Cost/yr

1,530,839 3,189,248 4,720,087

506,622 1,055,355 1,561,977

965,773 3,189,248 4,155,021

328,027 1,055,355 1,383,382

269,011 269,011

198,415 198,415

269,011 269,011

198,415 198,415

43,800

293,281 2,053,672

35,040

177,602 1,759,398 294,274

OPTION 2: DIRECT FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLER

Broad direct fired (multi-fueled) absorption chiller rated at 496 tons of chilled water production to replace the older 400 ton chiller Chiller will also produce some 87,000 gallons/day of hot water of which 7,000 gallons per day is free (ie recovered from waste heat) VFDs and energy efficient motors installed on existing pumps and tower Valve modification of existing AHUs Non-chemical water treatment system

BROAD CHILLER PLANT

OPTION 2: LAYOUT

ST-800 NT

DF ABSORPTION CHW PUMP COND PUMP

NT CALOR

P-1

LAUNDRY

B-1

OPTION 2: ANNUAL UTILITY COSTS

Existing system Units/yr Cost/yr Electricity (kWh) Chiller, pumps, tower Rest of hotel Annual electricity Diesel/LPG Chiller (l) Boiler (l) Annual Fuel (l) Cooling tower Water and chemicals Total utilities (US$) Savings 23XRV chiller Units/yr Cost/yr Absorption chiller Units/yr Cost/yr

1,530,839 3,189,248 4,720,087

506,622 1,055,355 1,561,977

965,773 3,189,248 4,155,021

328,027 1,055,355 1,383,382

371,813 3,189,248 3,561,061

122,501 1,055,355 1,177,856

269,011 269,011

198,415 198,415

269,011 269,011

198,415 198,415

351,738 351,738

168,238 168,238

43,800

293,281 2,053,672

35,040

177,602 1,759,398 294,274

35,040

178,602 1,615,890 437,783

ANNUAL OPERATING COSTS (US$) CHILLER PLANT ONLY

1,200,000 1,000,000

800,000 Water and chemicals 600,000 LPG - boiler LPG - chiller 400,000 Elect - chiller plant

200,000

Existing system 23XRV chiller Absorption chiller

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

Capital cost (US$) Annual savings (US$) % savings Simple payback (yrs) Net present worth (20 yrs)

23XRV chiller Absorption chiller 445,920 569,328 294,274 437,783 14% 21% 1.5 7,701,013 1.3 12,339,427

SUMMARY
Option 1
Improves the efficiency of the existing system but hotel energy costs based on use of an expensive commodity (electricity) Hot water still from existing boilers capital investment required to upgrade these (not added to costs)

Option 2
Improves the efficiency of the existing system while utilizing a cheaper source of fuel Absorber can utilize the cheapest available fuel e.g. LPG, diesel oil, LNG or even waste heat Hot water produced by absorber can avoid capital investment in existing boilers (not valued)

CAC RECOMMENDATIONS
Phase 1
Identify funding and proceed with the installation of the absorption machine will reduce operating costs by 21% and return capital in 1.3 years. Plant will generate some US$12M of additional value over a 20 year lifetime Install VFDs and controls on air handling units, pumps, fans and any other large motors Improve controls in rooms Cogeneration using conventional engines, micro-turbines or even fuel cells to generate electricity and utilizing the waste heat to operate the absorption machines

Phase 2

Phase 3

COMMENTS
Facility operates 24 hours/day with relatively constant demand for chilled water (24 hours/day) and hot water (18 hours/day) for laundry, kitchen and guest rooms. Payback period will be increased if the operation runs less hours or has different demand profiles The real value of the absorption chiller is usage of a cheaper fuel (some 31% of the cost of electricity), the joint production of hot and chilled water along with fuel flexibility inclusive of waste heat sources Technology is proven but previous installations in Jamaica (from 1960s) had issues related to water treatment (high carbonates) and maintenance

ISSUES TO BE RESOLVED
Redundancy the analysis does not consider backup for a chiller expected to run for 24 * 355 hours/yr. Since demand charges are a significant part of the electricity bill, operating the old chiller as backup is not an option worth considering. Doubling the chillers will increase the payback but project still has a great return on capital Integrating the chilled and hot water outputs with the existing infrastructure Installing the new unit(s) with minimal disruption to hotel Planning for the future addition of cogeneration plant

QUESTIONS?

President DGMS Inc (Global) DGMS JAL (Jamaica) CMRC LTD (Jamaica) C3 Energy Solutions (Caribbean) Office 618-355-5861 Fax 240-359-5861 JA Cell 876-419-9594

William (Bill) Clark

Friendly, Professional Service Built on Personal Integrity

Overview of DGMS Family of Companies Discuss Energy Costs in Jamaica Define High Efficiency Generation Systems Identifying the Right Applications Keys to Successful Projects High Efficiency Generation Economics Conclusion and Questions

World wide Co-gen, Tri-gen, Quad-gen Design Alternative Energy Dealer for: MWM APG Energy Conversions Carib Energy Various Standby Generators

Caribbean Project Development Project Management Project Financing

Jamaican Standby generator Sales Plant Operations Plant Maintenance JA based Construction Management

Collectively the DGMS Group brings over 200 years of International and Jamaican based engineering, construction and operations experience to your project Through its Strategic relationships, DGMS adds another 300 years of experience This results in the unique ability to Turn Key: Cogeneration, Trigeneration, chiller and Boiler installations, perform Energy Audits, Operate and Maintain complete Energy Systems

WITH ALL JAMAICAN TALENT!

The last three years have seen a dramatic increase in electric costs. Although Fuel costs have increased, not at the same rate as JPS.
2009 through 2011 JA Fuel and JPS IPP/Fuel Charge
$90.00 $80.00

Fuel and JPS IPP/Fuel in $US/MMBTU

$70.00 $60.00 $50.00 $40.00 $30.00 $20.00 $10.00 01/0 02/0 03/1 04/1 05/2 06/2 07/3 09/0 10/1 11/1 12/2 01/2 02/2 04/0 05/1 06/1 07/2 08/2 10/1 11/2 12/2 02/0 03/1 04/1 05/1 06/3 08/0 09/1 10/2 $-

DIESEL BUTANE PROPANE IPP/Fuel

The IPP/Fuel Charge is 75-80% of the JPS cost For Resorts/Hotels and Office Buildings, AC is typically 50-60% of the energy use Solar and Wind power does not replace the need for base load energy production LPG is lower cost (per energy unit) than other readily available fuels LNG will come to Jamaica
Demand is 10% or less

What is Co and Tri-generation?

LOSSES

15% 40%

ELECTRICITY FUEL

100%

CO and TRIGENERATION

USEFUL HEAT 45%

COOLING (TriGeneration)

 24/7 Operations Consistent Electric Usage Consistent Thermal Usage Energy Costs are at Least J$15M/Mo
Hot Water Steam Chilled Water (AC)

Know your Usage Profile Manage your Energy Usage Conserve whenever possible Integration of Energy Production Systems Future Proof the Investment Skilled Operations and Maintenance
Energy Management System Flatten your Usage Electric Thermal

It is much less expensive to reduce consumption than it is to produce more!

Installed Capital Costs Investment can be Phased in

J$100M to J$150M/MW Thermal Use of existing systems Full Cogeneration or Trigeneration systems

Payback

is typically less than two years!

Questions?
William (Bill) Clark
President DGMS Inc (Global) DGMS JAL (Jamaica) CMRC LTD (Jamaica) C3 Energy Solutions (Caribbean) Office 618-355-5861 Fax 240-359-5861 JA Cell 876-419-9594

PROJECT NAME: ENGINEER NAME: DATE: LOCATION: CHILLER SELECTION 4 BROAD (BZ) Chiller Model number (10 kcal) Quantity Model No. /Type Fuel Tons installed Chiller Loading Tons running CHILLER SPECIFICATIONS Installation cost ($US/ton) Maintenance cost ($US/ton) Services per year EFLH Electrical - kW/ton (includes pumps and CT.) Fuel m3/h cooling Fuel m3/h heating Fuel m3/h hot water (3% rec'd from exhaust) Fuel m3/year Fuel kWh/m
3

Jamaica LPG Serene Granger 21-Nov-11 Jamaica BROAD GAS CHILLER 150 1 Water cooled LPG 496 81% 400 BROAD GAS CHILLER $1,296 $15 4.00 14.00 0.19 0.12 Water Cooled Electric Air Cooled Electric

Water cooled Electricity 450 400 Water Cooled Electric $969 $12 4.00 14.00 0.94

Air Cooled Electricity 450 400 Air Cooled Electric $776 $12 4.00 14.00 1.35

618 7415.49 57.52 105 1.57 DESCRIPTION 90% $0.33 $0.00 $630.70 $6.12 $0.006 BROAD GAS CHILLER Water Cooled Electric $0 Air Cooled Electric $0 50.75 470 0.00 675

water required for drift make up (m3/day) kVA required COP LOCATION SPECIFICATIONS power factor $US/kWh electricity $US/kVA electricity $US/m3 LPG $US/m3 water & Sewerage $US/m3 water treatment AUXILLIARY INFRASTRUCTURE COSTS Fan Coil Units/Evaporators HW Pumps CHW Pumps CW Pumps Water Infrastructure & Treatment (1 USD/gal) Backup Generator (200US/kVA) Electrical Infrastructure Gas Infrastructure BROAD GAS CHILLER OPERATIONAL COSTS Annual Electricity Consumption Annual Electricity Demand Annual Maintenance Annual Fuel Consumption Annual Water & Sewerage Annual Water Treatment TOTAL WATER COOLED CHILLER OPERATIONAL COSTS Annual Electricity Consumption Annual Electricity Demand Annual Maintenance Annual Water & Sewerage Annual Water Treatment TOTAL AIR COOLED CHILLER OPERATIONAL COSTS Annual Electricity Consumption Annual Electricity Demand Annual Maintenance Annual Water & Sewerage Annual Water Treatment TOTAL BOILER OPERATIONAL COSTS (OPTIONAL) Annual Diesel Fuel Consumption TOTAL INSTALLATION COSTS Installation Cost ($US) FEASIBILITY STUDY SUMMARY Initial Cost Difference ($US) Annual Cost Savings ($US) Payback (years) Annual Electrical Energy Savings (kWh) Annual CO2 Savings (Tons/yr) Annual CO2 Savings (Pounds/yr)

$15,000 $0 $4,000 $10,000 COST (US$) $128,159 $0 $23,809 $389,671 $128,478 $9,333 $679,449 COST (US$) $634,049 $0 $21,600 $113,363 $9,333 $778,345 COST (US$) $910,602 $0 $21,600 $0 $0 $932,202 COST (US$) $0 $0 BROAD GAS CHILLER $671,841 BROAD vs Water Cooled $222,791 $98,895 2.25 1533000 902 1988301

$13,000 $0

ENERGY(kWh) 388360

CO2 EMMISSIONS (Tons/yr) 229

CO2 EMMISSIONS (Pounds/yr) 503703

4581566

4969926 ENERGY(kWh) 1921360

229 CO2 EMISSIONS (Tons/yr) 1131

503703 CO2 EMISSIONS (Pounds/yr) 2492004

1921360 ENERGY(kWh) 2759400

1131 CO2 EMISSIONS (Tons/yr) 1624

2492004 CO2 EMISSIONS (Pounds/yr) 3578942

2759400 ENERGY(kWh) 0 Water Cooled Electric $449,050 BROAD vs Air Cooled $322,641 $252,753 1.28 2371040 1395 3075239

1624 CO2 EMISSIONS (Tons/yr) 0 0 Air Cooled Electric $349,200

3578942 CO2 EMISSIONS (Pounds/yr) 0 0

Conclusion
1.

2.

3.

4.

Absorption cooling is a proven air conditioning technology that is growing within the Caribbean. LPG Cooling on its own provides over 13% annual energy savings over water cooled electric systems and over 27% against air cooled electric systems. Cogeneration Systems provide payback under two (2) years and is the best available energy solution for Jamaica. BROAD is the world leader in absorption cooling technology and is poised to be leader in Jamaica.