Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering

Curriculum of B.Tech (Biotechnology)

FIRST SEMESTER (COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sub. Code MA 101 PH 101 CY 101 EE 100 EC 100 CE 100 CE 130 PH 170 CY 170 CS 171 CE 171 WS 171 Subject Mathematics I Physics I Chemistry Basic Electrical Engineering Basic Electronics Engineering Engineering Mechanics Environment and Safety Engineering Physics Laboratory Chemistry Laboratory Computing Laboratory I Engineering Drawing Workshop Practice I Extra Academic Activity TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 OR OR OR 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 30

SECOND SEMESTER (COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sub. Code MA 102 PH 102 CS 102 EC 100 EE 100 CE 130 CE 100 CY 170 PH 170 CS 172 ME 170 WS 172 Subject Mathematics - II Physics - II Data Structures and Algorithm Basic Electronics Engineering Basic Electrical Engineering Environment and Safety Engineering Engineering Mechanics Chemistry Laboratory Physics Laboratory Computing Laboratory - II Machine and Drawing and Solid Modeling Workshop Practice - II Extra Academic Activity TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 OR OR OR 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 30

THIRD SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sub. Code MA 201 BM 211 BM 251 BM 241 MA 270 HS 270 EE 270 EC 270 BM 281 BM 271 Subject Mathematics - III Anatomy and Physiology Biochemistry Microbiology HS & Open Elective I Mathematics III Laboratory Language Laboratory Electrical Engineering Laboratory Electronics Laboratory Biochemistry Laboratory Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory TOTAL FOURTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sub. Code MA 202 CH 200 CH 220 Subject Mathematics IV Fluid Dynamics Chemical Engg. Thermodynamics Professional Elective I HS & Open Elective II Electronics Laboratory Electrical Engineering Laboratory Language Laboratory Mathematics III Laboratory Fluid Dynamics Fundamental Laboratory Microbiology Laboratory TOTAL FIFTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sub. Code BM 363 CH 305 Subject Bioseparation Mass Transfer Operations Professional Elective - II Professional Elective - III HS & Open Elective III Genetic Engg. Laboratory Biochemical Engineering and Bioseparation Laboratory Industrial Microbiology Laboratory Mass Transfer Fundamental Laboratory TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 Credits 4 4 03/04 03/04 3 2 2 2 2 24/26 L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 OR OR 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 03/04 3 2 2 2 2 26/27 L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 OR OR 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 25

EC 270 EE 270 HS 270 MA 270 CH 272 BM 282

BM 383 BM 385 BM 381 CH 377

3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3

SIXTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sub. Code BM 342 CH 350 Subject Industrial Microbiology Process Dynamics and Control Professional Elective - IV Professional Elective V HS & Open Elective IV Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory Bioinformatics Laboratory Mass Transfer Applications Laboratory Process Instrumentation Laboratory TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 Credits 4 4 03/04 03/04 3 2 2 2 2 23/25

BM 382 BM 386 CH 374 CH 376

3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3

SEVENTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sub. Code BM 461 Subject Protein Engineering Professional Elective - VI Professional Elective - VII HS & Open Elective - V Animal Cell Culture Laboratory Research Project I Seminar and Technical Writing I Short term Industrial / Research Experience TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 Credits 4 03/04 03/04 3 2 4 2 2 23/25

BM 481 BM 491 BM 493 BM 495

3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-6 0-0-3 0-0-0

EIGHTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sub. Code Subject Professional Elective VIII Professional Elective IX Professional Elective X HS & Open Elective VI Research Project - II Seminar and Technical Writing - II Comprehensive Viva Voce TOTAL L-T-P Credits 03/04 03/04 03/04 3 6 2 2 22/25

BM 492 BM 494 BM 496

3-0-0 0-0-9 0-0-3 0-0-0

LIST OF PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES Sl. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Sub. Code BM 252 BM 254 BM 262 BM 343 BM 351 BM 352 BM 361 BM 364 BM 366 BM 368 BM 401 BM 442 BM 444 BM 445 BM 446 BM 447 BM 451 BM 452 BM 462 CH 331 CH 332 CR 455 CS 212 CS 222 CY 303 CY 552 CY 567 CY 602 MM 308 MN 436 Subject Immunology Cell & Molecular Biology Bioenergetics & Metabolism Agricultural Biotechnology Genetic Engineering Plant Tissue Culture Biochemical Engineering Biosensors and Diagnostics Bioreactor Analysis & Design Bioinformatics Applied Human Physiology Virology Cancer Biology Food Biotechnology Fermentation Technology Medical & Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Animal Cell culture Clinical Biochemistry Structural Biology Polymer Science and Technology Environmental Biotechnology Bio-ceramics Programming Tools and Technology Data Base Management Introduction to Nano-biotechnology Chemistry of Natural Products. Nano-biotechnology Industrial Waste Management Energy, Environment & Recycling Environmental Pollution and Control in Mines L-T-P 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 4

Curriculum of B.Tech (Biomedical Engineering)

FIRST SEMESTER (COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sub. Code MA 101 PH 101 CY 101 EE 100 EC 100 CE 100 CE 130 PH 170 CY 170 CS 171 CE 171 WS 171 Subject Mathematics I Physics I Chemistry Basic Electrical Engineering Basic Electronics Engineering Engineering Mechanics Environment and Safety Engineering Physics Laboratory Chemistry Laboratory Computing Laboratory I Engineering Drawing Workshop Practice I Extra Academic Activity TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 OR OR OR 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 30

SECOND SEMESTER (COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES) Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sub. Code MA 102 PH 102 CS 102 EC 100 EE 100 CE 130 CE 100 CY 170 PH 170 CS 172 ME 170 WS 172 Subject Mathematics - II Physics - II Data Structures and Algorithm Basic Electronics Engineering Basic Electrical Engineering Environment and Safety Engineering Engineering Mechanics Chemistry Laboratory Physics Laboratory Computing Laboratory - II Machine and Drawing and Solid Modeling Workshop Practice - II Extra Academic Activity TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 OR OR OR 3-1-0 3-1-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 30

THIRD SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sub. Code MA 201 BM 201 BM 251 EE 243 MA 270 HS 270 EE 270 EC 270 BM 271 BM 281 Subject Mathematics III Anatomy & Physiology Biochemistry Analog electronics HS & Open Elective - I Mathematics III Language Laboratory Electrical Engineering Laboratory Electronics Laboratory Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Biochemistry Laboratory TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 OR OR 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 26

FOURTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sub. Code MA 202 EE 242 BM 202 Subject Mathematics-IV Digital Electronics Basic Clinical Science Professional Elective I HS & Open Elective II Language Laboratory Mathematics III Electronics Laboratory Electrical Engineering Laboratory Clinical Science Laboratory TOTAL FIFTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sub. Code BM 313 BM 321 Subject Medical signal & Signal Processing Biomaterials Professional Elective II Professional Elective III HS & Open Elective III Biomaterial Laboratory Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory Genetic Engineering Laboratory TOTAL L-T-P 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 3 3 4 4 3 2 2 2 23 L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 OR OR 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 2 27

HS 270 MA 270 EC 270 EE 270 BM 274

BM 371 BM 373 BM 383

SIXTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sub. Code BM 312 BM 314 Subject Biomedical Instrumentation Biomedical Image Processing Professional Elective - IV Professional Elective - IV HS & Open Elective - IV Biomedical Image Processing Laboratory Biomedical Instrumentation Laboratory Bioinformatics and Drug Design Laboratory TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 2 24

BM 372 BM 374 BM 376

SEVENTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sub. Code BM 423 Subject Tissue engineering Professional Elective - VI Professional Elective VII HS & Open Elective - V Tissue Engineering Laboratory Research Project - I Seminar and Technical Writing - I Short term Industrial / Research Experience TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-6 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 3 2 4 2 2 25

BM 471 BM 491 BM 493 BM 495

EIGHTH SEMESTER Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sub. Code Subject Professional Elective VIII Professional Elective IX Professional Elective X HS & Open Elective VI Research Project II Seminar and Technical Writing II Comprehensive Viva Voce TOTAL L-T-P 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 0-0-9 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 3 4 3 6 2 2 25

BM 492 BM 494 BM 496

LIST OF PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES Sl. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. Sub. Code BM 204 BM 212 BM 254 BM 302 BM 303 BM 304 BM 311 BM 315 BM 316 BM 320 BM 322 BM 324 BM 326 BM 357 BM 361 BM 368 BM 401 BM 413 BM 421 BM 431 BM 432 BM 433 BM 434 BM 435 BM 437 BM 445 BM 447 BM 472 BM 605 BM 615 BM 621 BM 624 CH 435 CR 345 CR 433 CR 435 CR 455 CS 212 CS 222 CS 313 CS 341 Subjects Bioelectricity Modern methods of analytical experiments in Biomedical Engineering Cell & Molecular Biology Advanced Clinical Science Biotransport Biophysics Biological Control System Laser & Fibre Optics in Medicine Biosensors and Biotransducers Bioceramics Biomechanics Biopolymer Surface Engineering of biomaterials Genetic Engineering Biochemical Engineering Bioinformatics Applied Human Physiology Medical Imaging BioComposites Physiological system modeling Hospital Management Medical Embedded system Health Informatics Biological waste treatment Hospital Engineering and Information system Food Biotechnology Medical & Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Biomedical Equipment Design Laboratory Pharmaceutical Technology Bioceramics and BioComposites Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Biology BioMEMS and Biosensors Environmental Engineering Computational Materials Science Sensor Technology Functional Materials & Devices Bio-ceramics Programming Tools and Technology Database Management Systems Simulation and Modeling Microprocessor and Micro-controllers L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 0-0-3 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 Credits 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4

42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70.

CS 373 CS 421 CS 474 CS 477 CS 638 CY 303 CY 567 CY 602 EC 331 EC 338 EC 370 EC 431 EC 642 EC 646 EE 240 EE 335 EE 356 EE 426 EE 427 EE 454 EE 456 MA 524 MA 553 ME 410 ME 418 MM 359 MM449 PH 640 PH 654

Microprocessor Laboratory Computer Networks Image Processing Laboratory Soft Computing Laboratory Pattern Recognition Introduction to Nano-biotechnology Nano-biotechnology Industrial Waste Management Control System Engineering Virtual Instrumentation Embedded Systems Lab PC based Instrumentation Advance technique in digital signal processing Adaptive Signal Processing Measurement and Electronic Instruments Advanced Instrumentation Digital Signal Processing Fuzzy Modeling & Control Artificial Neural Network Data communication and networks Robotics and Computer Vision Statistical Methods Optimization Techniques Computer Aided Design & Computer Graphics Robotics Engineering Polymers and Composites Nano Structure of Materials Physics of Macromolecules Physics of Material Synthesis and Characterization

0-0-3 3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 0-0-3 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0

2 3 2 2 4 3 4 4 4 3 2 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 4 4

DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MEDICAL ENGINEERING SUMMARY OF COURSES

Sub Discipline: BM 201 BM 202 BM 204 BM 302 BM 303 BM 304 BM 401 BM 403

Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals Anatomy & Physiology Basic Clinical Science Bioelectricity Advanced Clinical Science Biotransport Biophysics Applied Human Physiology Biomedical Engineering 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3

Sub Discipline: BM 212 BM 311 BM 312 BM 313 BM 314 BM 315 BM 316 BM 411 BM 413

Biomedical Instrumentation, Imaging & Signal Processing Modern methods of analytical experiments in Biomedical Engineering Biological Control System Biomedical Instrumentation Medical signal & Signal Processing Biomedical Image Processing Laser & Fibre Optics in Medicine Biosensors and Biotransducers Medical Embedded system Medical Imaging 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 4

Sub Discipline:

Biomaterials ,Biomechanics & Tissue Engineering

BM 320 BM 321 BM 322 BM 324 BM 326 BM 421 BM 422 BM 423 BM 424

Bioceramics Biomaterials Biomechanics Biopolymer Surface Engineering of biomaterials BioComposites Artificial Organs & Rehabilitation Engineering Tissue engineering Introduction to Biomaterials

3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0

4 3 4 3 3 4 3 4 3

Sub Discipline:

Health Information, Modelling, Management & Advance Topics

BM 431 BM 432 BM 433 BM 434 BM 435 BM 437 BM 439

Physiological system modeling Hospital Management Medical Embedded system Health Informatics Biological waste treatment Hospital Engineering and Information system Telemedicine

3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0

3 3 4 4 3 3 3

Sub Discipline: BM 241 BM 342 BM 343 BM 441 BM 442 BM 444 BM 445 BM 446 BM 447 BM 448

Applied Biotechnology Microbiology Industrial Microbiology Agricultural Biotechnology Introduction to Biotechnology Virology Cancer Biology Food Biotechnology Fermentation Technology Medical &Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Biosafety, Ethics & Intellectual Property Right 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Sub Discipline: BM 251 BM 252 BM 254 BM 351 BM 352 BM 451 BM 452

Cell & Molecular Biology Biochemistry Immunology Cell & Molecular Biology Genetic Engineering Plant Tissue Culture Animal Cell Culture Clinical Biochemistry 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3 3 4 3 3 3 4

Sub Discipline: BM 262 BM 361 BM 363 BM 364 BM 366 BM 368 BM 461 BM 462 BM 468

Proteomics, Genomics and Biological Analysis Bioenergetics & Metabolism Biochemical Engineering Bioseparation Biosensors and Diagnostics Bioreactor Analysis & Design Bioinformatics Protein Engineering Structural Biology Introduction to Bioinformatics 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Sub Discipline: BM 271 BM 274 BM 281 BM 282 BM 371 BM 372 BM 373 BM 374 BM 381 BM 382 BM 383 BM 385 BM 386 BM 471 BM 472 BM 481

Laboratory Courses Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Clinical Science Laboratory Biochemistry Laboratory Microbiology Laboratory Biomaterial Lab Biomedical Image Processing Laboratory Biomedical Signal Processing Lab Biomedical Instrumentation Laboratory Industrial Microbiology Laboratory Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory Genetic Engineering Laboratory Biochemical Engineering and Bioseparation Laboratory Bioinformatics Laboratory Tissue Engineering Laboratory Biomedical Equipment Design Laboratory Animal Cell Culture Laboratory 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Sub Discipline: BM 391 BM 392 BM 393 BM 394 BM 395 BM 396 BM 491 BM 492 BM 493 BM 494 BM 495 BM 496

Project, Seminar and Special Courses Special Topics in Biotechnology & Medical Engg. I Special Topics in Biotechnology & Medical Engg. II Special Laboratory in Biotechnology & Medical Engg. I Special Laboratory in Biotechnology & Medical Engg. II Engineering Product Development Project I Engineering Product Development Project II Research Project I Research Project II Seminar and Technical Writing I Seminar and Technical Writing II Short term Professional Experience Comprehensive Viva Voce 3/4 3/4 2 2 4 4 4 6 2 2 2 2

0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-6 0-0-6 0-0-6 0-0-9 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-0 0-0-0

COURSE OFFERED AS OPEN ELECTIVES (Normally not offered to students of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering) Sl. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Sub. Code BM 403 BM 422 BM 424 BM 439 BM 441 BM 448 BM 468 Subject Biomedical Engineering Artificial Organs and Rehabilitation Engineering Introduction to Biomaterials Telemedicine Introduction to Biotechnology Biosafety, Ethics & Intellectual Property Right Introduction to Bioinformatics L-T-P 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 Credits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

DETAILED CONTENT OF SYLLABI OF COURSES Subj. Code BM 201 BM 202 BM 204 BM 212 BM 241 BM 251 BM 252 BM 254 BM 262 BM 271 BM 274 BM 281 BM 282 BM 302 BM 303 BM 304 BM 311 BM 312 BM 313 BM 314 BM 315 BM 316 BM 320 BM 321 BM 322 BM 324 BM 326 BM 342 BM 343 BM 351 BM 352 BM 361 BM 363 BM 364 BM 366 BM 368 BM 371 BM 372 Subjects Anatomy & Physiology Basic Clinical Science Bioelectricity Modern methods of analytical experiments in Biomedical Engineering Microbiology Biochemistry Immunology Cell & Molecular Biology Bioenergetics & Metabolism Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Clinical Science Laboratory Biochemistry Laboratory Microbiology Laboratory Advanced Clinical Science Biotransport Biophysics Biological Control System Biomedical Instrumentation Medical signal & Signal Processing Biomedical Image Processing Laser & Fibre Optics in Medicine Biosensors and Biotransducers Bioceramics Biomaterials Biomechanics Biopolymer Surface Engineering of biomaterials Industrial Microbiology Agricultural Biotechnology Genetic Engineering Plant Tissue Culture Biochemical Engineering Bioseparation Biosensors and Diagnostics Bioreactor Analysis & Design Bioinformatics Biomaterial Lab Biomedical Image Processing Laboratory L-T-P 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 0-0-3 0-0-3 Credits 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 3 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 Pg. No.

BM 373 BM 374 BM 381 BM 382 BM 383 BM 385 BM 386 BM 391 BM 392 BM 393 BM 394 BM 395 BM 396 BM 401 BM 403 BM 413 BM 421 BM 422 BM 423 BM 424 BM 431 BM 432 BM 433 BM 434 BM 435 BM 437 BM 439 BM 441 BM 442 BM 444 BM 445 BM 446 BM 447 BM 448 BM 451 BM 452 BM 461 BM 462 BM 468

Biomedical Signal Processing Lab Biomedical Instrumentation Laboratory Industrial Microbiology Laboratory Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory Genetic Engineering Laboratory Biochemical Engineering and Bioseparation Laboratory Bioinformatics Laboratory Special Topics in Biotechnology & Medical Engineering I Special Topics in Biotechnology & Medical Engineering II Special Laboratory in Biotechnology & Medical Engineering I Special Laboratory in Biotechnology & Medical Engineering II Engineering Product Development Project - I Engineering Product Development Project - II Applied Human Physiology Biomedical Engineering Medical Imaging BioComposites Artificial Organs and Rehabilitation Engineering Tissue engineering Introduction to Biomaterials Physiological system modeling Hospital Management Medical Embedded system Health Informatics Biological waste treatment Hospital Engineering and Information system Telemedicine Introduction to Biotechnology Virology Cancer Biology Food Biotechnology Fermentation Technology Medical &Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Biosafety, Ethics & Intellectual Property Right Animal Cell Culture Clinical Biochemistry Protein Engineering Structural Biology Introduction to Bioinformatics

0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3/4 3/4

0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-6 0-0-6 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-1-0 3-0-0 3-0-0 3-0-0

2 2 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3

BM 471 BM 472 BM 481 BM 491 BM 492 BM 493 BM 494 BM 495 BM 496

Tissue Engineering Laboratory Biomedical Equipment Design Laboratory Animal Cell Culture Laboratory Research Project I Research Project II Seminar and Technical Writing I Seminar and Technical Writing II Short term Professional Experience Comprehensive Viva Voce

0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-6 0-0-9 0-0-3 0-0-3 0-0-0 0-0-0

2 2 2 4 6 2 2 2 2

BM 201

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Skeletal system: Classification of bones, joints and muscles, major muscles of limbs and their actions. Functional concept of the human body, bone and muscle physiology ; Nervous system & special senses: Brain and spinal cord, peripheral autonomic nervous system, nerve physiology, EEG, MEG & ECG. Eye & ear ; Cardio Vascular System: Structure & function of Heart & blood vessels. Special functional tissue of heart. E.C.G. Cardiac cycle. Blood composition, Function, blood group, Blood clotting. Blood Pressure-regulation & controlling factors ; Respiratory system: Upper and lower respiratory tract, Structure and Function of respiratory membrane. Pulmonary circulation. Mechanics of breathing. Transport and control of gases. Lungs volume and capacities. Regulation of respiration . Pulmonary function tests. Endocrine Glands: types, location, description and functions ; Digestive system: Parts of digestive system. Gastro intestinal tract and associated glands ; Urinary system: Parts and function of urinary system. Male and female reproductive system. Lymphatic system: Spleen, glands and lymph nodes. Essential Reading : 1. R.S Snell, Clinical Anatomy by Regions, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 8th edition, 2007. 2. R. Drake, A. W. Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, and R.Tibbitts, Gray's Atlas of Anatomy, Churchill Livingston, 1st edition, 2007. Supplementary Reading : 1. K. Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function, McGraw-Hill College, 2006 2. Gray's Anatomy for Students, Churchill Livingstone; 1 edition, 2004) 3. E. N. Marieb, JonMallatt, P. B. W. Addison, Human Anatomy, Wesley, 2007. 4. D. Shier, J. Butler, Ricki Lewis Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology, McGraw-Hill College, 2006 BM 202 BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCE 4 Credits [3-1-0]

Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Drug dose, Enzyme kinetics, and Autonomic nervous system drugs, Hormonal medicine, cardiovascular and renal medicine, Chemotherapeutics and antibiotics, Neuropsychiatric drugs, Drug side effects, Cause of cancer, solid tumours of the body, Basics of Embryology, histopathology of normal and abnormal body tissues ,Different type of blood cells and pathologies, Different types of microbes, Bacteria, Virus, fungal disorders, Protozoa and nematodes, Blood borne infections, Sign and symptoms, Gait analysis and orthopaedic problems, Detail anatomy of Eye and general ophthalmic disorders, Problems during anaesthesia, ventilation, Emergency treatment, Different types of surgical procedure, Pre-operative and Postoperative Care, Pregnancy and Labour, Common gynaecological and obstetrical problems, Common Skin and ENT disorders, Medical diagnostics, Advantage and disadvantages of different diagnostic Procedure. Essential Reading : 1. A. S. Fauci, E. Braunwald, D. L. Kasper and S. L. Hauser, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, McGraw-Hill Professional: 17 edition, 2008 2. L. S Bickley, Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 10 Edition edition 2008 Supplementary Reading :

1. R. A Harvey, P. C Champe, R. Finkel and L. Cubeddu, Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 4 edition 2008 2. E. Klatt and V. Kumar, Robbins and Cotran Review of Pathology, Saunders; 2 edition 2004 BM 204 BIOELECTRICITY 4 Credits [3-1-0]

Bioelectricity generation at the cellular and sub cellular level. Types & characteristics of biopotentials. Measurement of bioelectric potentials from cells, tissue and people ; Basic electro magnetic theory-scalar and vector quantities. Gradient, divergence, Laplacian operators. Vector identity Gauss theorem, greens theorem, electrical source and fields, fundamental relationships, poisons equation, concept of monopole and dipole field ; Action potential and propagation- membrane structure and nernst potential and resisting potential. Action potential and origin and characteristics. Application of nerst equation in bio fluids. Voltage clamp. Hodgkin-Huxley equations and analysis. Core conductor model, propagation in myelinated and unmyleinated nerve fibre ; Electrical activity of skeletal muscle and neuromuscular junction, neuromuscular transitions, origin of EPSP and IPSP. Neuro-muscular block, determination of degree of neuro muscular block. Muscle structure and contraction. Excitation contraction merchanism ; Electro physiology of heart properties of cardiac muscle, heart, electrical activity of the heart. Standard leads, lead vectors, Recording of the ECG from the surface. Dipole theory of the heart. Relationship between the different ECG leads ; Applications of bioelectric phenomena . Essential Reading : 1. R. Plonsey, R. C. Barr, Bioelectricity: A Quantitative Approach, Springer; 3rd ed. Edition, 2007. 2. J. Webster, Medical Instrumentation Application and Design, John Wiley and Sons. Inc., New York. Third edition 2003 Supplementary Reading : 1. D P Zipes and Jalife, Cardiac Electro-physiology: from cell to bedside, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1990. 2. L.A. Geddes, Principles of Applied Biomedical Instrumentation, John Willy and sons, 1989 BM 212 MODERN METHODS OF ANALYTICAL EXPERIMENTS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 4 Credits [3-1-0]

Bio Amplifiers and signal conditioning circuits, Recorders & display devices ; Diagnostic Equipment including ECG, TMT, EEG, EMG, PFT, Phonocardiography, Ophthalmoscope, Radioscopy ; Analytical equipment- pH meter, Conductivity meter, Electrophoresis, Chromatography, Flame Photometer, Spectro Photometer, Biochemistry & Electrolyte Analysers, Cell counter, blood gas analyzer ; Monitoring Equipment-Arrhythmia monitors, Holter monitor. Blood Pressure monitors, Central monitoring stations in critical care units, Ambulatory monitors, foetal monitors. Incubator, Apnea monitors ; Therapeutic equipment-Infusion pumps, Suction apparatus, pacemaker ; Defibrillators-different types of defibrillators, stimulators and diathermy ; Haemodialyser-qualitative requirements, operation, Types of Exchangers, Block diagram, Electronic control and monitoring systems ; Heart lung machine: Governing principle, qualitative Requirements, Functional details blood oxygenators. IABP principle and application ; Surgical Equipment- electro surgical generators, Anesthesia delivery systems, Different types of Ventilators, Humidifiers, Nebuilisers, Surgical microscope and OT table ; Patient Electrical

Safety, Hazards, Natural protective Mechanism, Leakage current, Patient isolation, Grounding conditions in Hospital Environment. Essential Reading : 1. J.J Carr, J.M Brown, Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology, Pearson, Asia, 4th Edn. 2. J. D. Bronzino, Medical Devices and Systems, CRC Press 2006 Supplementary Reading : 1. J. Webster, Medical Instrumentation Application and Design, John Wiley and Sons. Inc., New York. Third edition 2003 2. Welkowits, Walter and Others, Bio Medical instruments theory & design, 2nd Edition, Academic Press 1991 3. RS Kandpur, Handbook of Biomedical instrumentation,2003.

BM 241

MICROBIOLOGY

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction to Microbiology; Prokaryotic cell structure and function; Microbial nutrition, Microbial growth, Control of Microorganisms by physical and chemical agents ; Microbial genetics and Microbial Taxonomy ; The Deinococci and Non proteobateria G ve; The proteobateria; The low G+C gram positive bacteria; The high G+C gram positive bacteria ; The Fungi and Slime molds ; Viruses ; Medical Microbiology Essential Reading: 1. Prescott/Harley/Klein's, Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math, 7 edition, 2007. Supplementary Reading: 1. M. K. Cowan and K. P. Talaro, Microbiology: A Systems Approach, McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math; 2 edition, 2008. 2. M. J. Leboffe, M. Leboffe and B. E. Pierce, Photographic Atlas For The Microbiology Lab, Morton Publishing Company, 2 edition, 1999. BM 251 BIOCHEMISTRY 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Living cell: Definition, Structure and Function, Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic cells, Subcellular organelles. Function of cell organelles, Structure of biological membrane function, Transport of substances across cell membrane, Cell to cell junctions and communications. Oxidative phosphorylation. Carbohydrate, Protein and Lipid metabolism, Nucleic acid chemistry and metabolism. ; DNA replication, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Protein synthesis. ; Enzymology: Enzyme and kinetics, Diagonostic and therapeutic uses of enzymes, Immunological techniques or immune assays; Chemical composition of blood, acid base balance and biochemical measurement of acids base and electrolyte status of the patients. ; Urine analysis, Biochemical analysis for the estimation of blood constituents. Principles and different methods of chromatragraphy-fluorometry, flame photometry, automation and biochemical analysis. ; Application of isotopes in biochemistry. Essentials Reading:

1. R. Murray, P. A. Mayes, V. W. Rodwell and D. K. Granner, Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, McGraw Hill Companies, 27th edition, 2006. 2. P.C. Champe, R. A. Harvey and D.R. Ferrier, Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 4th Edition, 2007. Supplementary Reading: 1. M.N. Chatterji and M. Schinde, Textbook of Medical Biochemistry, CBS press, 4th edition 2004 2. M. Holtzhauer, Basic Methods for the Biochemical Lab (Kindle Edition), Springer 1st edition, 2006. 3. R.N. Mallkarajuna, Medical biochemistry, New Age International Pvt Ltd, 2002 BM 252 IMMUNOLOGY 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction, basic concepts in immunology, components of the immune system, principles of innate and adaptive immunity, Innate immunity, Different lines and layers of defense, Pattern recognition in innate immune system, The complement system, Induced innate responses to infections, Antigen recognition by B-cells, The structure of a typical antibody molecule, Interaction between the antibody and specific antigen, Diversity of Immunoglobulins: VDJ Recombination ; Antigen recognition by T cells, Antigen processing and presentation: MHC, Development and survival of lymphocytes, Lymphocytes in bone marrow and thymus, Positive and negative selection of lymphocytes, Survival and maturation of lymphocytes, The Adaptive Immune Response, T Cell-Mediated Immunity and cytotoxicity, Macrophage activation by armed CD4 TH1 cells, Humoral Immune Response ; Adaptive Immuni ty to Infection, Infect ious agents and how they cause disease, The course of the adaptive response to infection, The mucosal immune system, Immunological memory ; Failures of Host Defense Mechanisms, How do pathogens evade the immune system, Inherited immunodeficiency diseases, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Allergy and Hypersensitivity, Effector mechanisms in allergic reactions and IgE, Hypersensitivity diseases, Autoimmunity and Transplantation, Autoimmune responses are directed against self antigens. Essential Reading : 1. Janeway, Travers, Walport, and Shlomchik, Immunobiology, the immune system in health and disease, Garland Science Publishing, 6th Edition, 2005, Supplementary Reading : 1. L. M. Sompayrac, How the Immune System Works (Blackwell's How It Works), Wiley-Blackwell; 3rd edition, 2008.

BM 254

CELL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

4 Credits [3-1-0]

The Birth of Complex Cells , Properties of Cells , Membranes, Subcellular Fractionation and S.E.R. and R.E.R. Golgi, Exocytosis , Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, Receptor-mediated Endocytosis, The Mitochondrion , The Nucleus, Cytoskeleton , Cytoskeleton ; Platelet Signalling and Aggregation, Signal Transduction, Nitric Oxide, Apoptosis ; The Extracellular Matrix, Repeated DNA Sequences ; The Cell Cycle, Cellular Aspects of Cancer, Cellular Transformation, Oncogenes , PCR, Telomeres , Gene Expression , The Regulation of Gene Expression , Gene Therapy.

Essential Reading : 1. G. Karp, Cell and Molecular Biology, Concepts and Experiments, Wiley, 5th edition, 2007. Supplementary Reading : 1. G. N. Waite, L. R. Waite, Applied Cell and Molecular Biology for Engineers, McGraw-Hill Professional; 1 edition, 2007. 2. B. Alberts, A. Johnson, J. Lewis, M. Raff, K. Roberts and P. Walter, Molecular Biology of the Cell, Garland Science; 5th edition; 2004. BM 262 BIOENERGETICS & METABOLISM 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Free Energy Concept: Molecular basis of entropy, concept of free energy, standard free energy and measurement of free energy, significance in metabolism. Application of first and second law of thermodynamics to biological systems ; Energy Conversions - Mitochondria: Sequence of electron carriers and sites of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP generation, heme and non- heme iron proteins. Thermodynamic considerations, oxidation - reduction electrodes, standard electrode potential, redox couples, phosphate group transfer potential ; Chloroplast: Architecture, light harvesting complexes, bacteriorhodopsin, plastocyanin, carotenoids and other pigments. Hill reaction, photosystem I and II - location and mechanism of energy transfer. Calvin cycle, quantitative efficiency, photorespiration, C4 metabolism ; Nitrogen Fixation: Biological fixation of nitrogen, symbiotic and nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixation. Nitrogenase enzyme complex - azoferredoxin and molybdoferrodoxin. Physiological electron donors and mechanism of nitrogen reduction, assimilation of ammonia, nitrogen cycle ; Hormones : General classification of hormones - synthesis, structure, secretion, transport, metabolism and mechanism of action of pancreatic, thyroid, parathyroid, hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal and prostaglandins. Hormonal control of spermatogenesis, menstrual cycle, pregnancy and lactation . Plant growth hormones auxins, gibberllins, abscessic acid, cytokinins.Pheromones, Bacterial hormones. Essential Reading : 1. V. Saks, Molecular System Bioenergetics: Energy for Life, Wiley-VCH; 1 edition, 2007. Supplementary Reading : 1. Nelson and W. H.Cox, Lehningers Principles of Biochemistry, Fourth Edition, 2004. 2. Greenspan and Baster, Basic and Clinical Endocrinology. BM 271 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

Histology- slides of primary tissues of body Demonstration of brain dissection Study of gross anatomy of human body Study of dissected upper limb and lower limb Study of dissected of Brain Study of dissected thorax-heart, major blood vessels, various parts of respiratory systemtrachea, lungs 7. Study of dissected abdomen- digestive organs 8. Study of dissected abdomen-other abdominal organs 9. Recording of blood pressure and effects of physical exertion and posture on this parameter 10. Study the load, length and force relationship of muscle.

11. Test of hearing using tuning fork 12. Test of vision 13. Recording of EMG, ECG, and EEG by polygraph. 14. Measurement of mechanical response of the muscle on application of induced electrical signal. 15. Measurement of Blood pressure and effects of physical exertion and posture on this parameter

BM 274

CLINICAL SCIENCE LABORATORY

2 Credits [0-0-3]

1. Blood gas analyzer for the measurement of oxygen content in the blood 2. Gas Chromatograph for analysis of gases ( CO2, O2 etc) in blood 3. Automated Blood cell counter 4. Photo colorimeter for the determination of Colour substances 5. Pulse Oximeter for the measurement of oxygen saturation in blood 6. Surgical equipment- adult & pediatric 7. infusion pumps 8. Stress-strain measuring equipment 9. Viscometer for the measurement of blood viscosity 10. Spectrophotometer 11. Electrophoresis apparatus 12. Biopsy 13. HIV tests

BM 281 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY

2 Credits [0-0-3]

Study of plasma protein electrophoresis; Study of chromatography of amino acids; Study of colorimetry. Study of spectrophotometer. Study of pH meter. Quantitative estimation of glucose: Enzymatic method of glucose estimation in human blood sample. 7. Quantitative estimation of serum urea and creatinine. 8. Urine analysis for presence of: reducing sugars, proteins, ketone bodies, blood, bile salts and bile pigments. Available in Chemical Engineering Department 9. Fluid Dynamics 10. Chemical Engg. Thermodynamics 11. Fluid Dynamics Fundamentals Laboratory BM 282 1. 2. 3. 4. MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

Laboratory equipment and tools -- The use of light microscope Determination of cell number; size measurement of microbial cells. Preparation of media to culture microorganisms and ubiquity Selective, differential, and enriched media preparation

5. Observation of microorganisms: the wet mount technique 6. Isolation and pure culture by streak plate technique 7. Differential stain: The Gram stain; The acid-fast stain 8. The spore stain by Malachite green. 9. The capsule stain by Indian ink 10. The effect of antibiotics on bacteria: Determination of MIC of antibiotic against E. coli. 11. Enumeration of heterotrophic bacteria from drinking water source and tap water: dilutions, calculations Available in Chemical Engineering Department 12. Mass Transfer Operations 13. Mass Transfer Fundamentals Laboratory

BM 302

ADVANCED CLINICAL SCIENCE

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Orthopaedics: classification of joints, reduction replacements ; Pathology: general pathology, investigations, Blood bank, blood groups, blood transfusion ; Anaesthesia:general anaesthesia, clinical & monitoring procedures, Organization of theatres, CSSD ; Measurement of intravascular pressures, blood flows, plethysmography, Humidity & temperature measurements. Mechanism of respiration, Artificial respiration, Diagnostic & therapeutic indication ; Principles of radiation oncology & cancer radio therapy, Therapeutic ratio, Normal tissue tolerance dose, Modification of radiation response ; Radioactive protection, Somatic effects, LD50, cause of radiation death skin, blood & blood forming organs, reproductive organs, Embryo late effects of radiation, radiation carcinogenesis, leukaemogenesis. Cataract, genetic effects, hazards & permissible exposures. permissible occupational doses, radiation Hazards, Physical measurements & medical tests ; Determination of distribution of radioactive with in the body. Organ imaging procedures, Thyroid function studies, test for renal function, body spaces, haemotological procedures, blood flow, gastro intestinal function. Radio immunoassay. Therapeutic uses of radio isotopes, thyroid diseases, thyroid cancer, polycythemia, meta static bone diseases. Malignancy, plural effusion and ascities. Essential Reading : 1. R.Gaiser, Pocket Anesthesiology, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2007 2. J. Crawford adams Churchill, Outline of Orthopaedics and Outline of Fractures, 13th ed. Clark J Bone Joint Surg Am.2002 Supplementary Reading : 1. R. Chandra, The Physics of Radiology- An Introduction to Nuclear Medicine, Lea & Febiger; 4 Sub edition ,1992 2. A . B. Wolbarst, G. Cook, Physics of Radiology. Medical Physics, Publishing Corporation; 2 edition, 2005. BM 303 BIOTRANSPORT 4 Credits [3-1-0]

System concept and transport process. Effort variables, flow variables, relationship between flow and effort variables. Chemical balances, force balances, general flow balance, Kirchoffs laws, system application ; Fluid flow system, conservation of mass of energy, momentum balance, Newtonian nad non-newtonian flows. Rheology and flow of blood. Transport through cell membranes ; Heat transfer system. Modes of heat transfer, conduction, convection and radiation. Heat generation and heat storage. Heat mass transfer, heat production, heat loss,

models for heat transfer within body ; Mass transfer principles. Mass balance, molecular diffusion, convection, mass generation and mass storage, mixed mode heat transfer, simultaneous heat and mass transfer. Mass transfer in kidney, lungs and artificial organs ;Compartmental models. Approach to pharmacokinetic modeling and drug delivery, one and two compartmental models. Physiological applications-itravenous injection, constant intravenous infusion, detdermination of regional blood flow volumes and blood flow rates. Essential Reading : 1. R. Fournier, Basic,Transport Phenomena in Biomedical Engineering,Taylor & Francis; 2 edition, 2006 2. A . T Johnson, Biological Process Engg. An analogical approach to fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transfer applied to biological system, John Wiley and Sons 1999. Supplementary Reading : 1. A . B. Ritter, S.Reisman, B. B. Michniak, Biomedical Engineering Principles, CRC Press, 2005 2. D. O. Cooney, Biomedical Engineering Principles- An introduction to fluid, heat and mass transfer processes, Marcel Dekker Inc. 1976. BM 304 BIOPHYSICS 4 Credits [3-1-0]

Properties of body fluid, conduction determination of body fluid, measurement of EMF of cells, temperature and reaction rates, Photochemical reaction, the law of photochemistry, fluorescence and phosphorescence, Principles of colorimeter, biometrics ; Biophysical activity of heart: electrical activity of the heart, monophonic and biphasic recordings, original and propagation of excitation & contraction, refractoriness, regular and ectopic pace makers, electrocardiography, waveform and measurement, ECG in diagnosis, arrhythmias, flutter, fibrillation, vulnerable period, phonocardiography, ballistocardiography ; Biophysical activity of brain and other organs: electrical activity of brain, waveforms & measurements, electrogastrography, electroneurography, nerve conduction studies, electroretinography, electroocculography, recording electrodes, interfaces, skin contact impedance, biological transducers, receptor potentials ; Introduction to electrical simulation: impedance & current distribution, dielectric properties of biological materials, skin impedance, total body impedance, impedances at high frequencies, high voltage & transient properties, patient safety, electrical shocks and hazards, leakage currents, types & measurements, protection against shock, burn & explosion hazards ; Radioactivity: Radio emission, law of radioactive decay, production of radio isotopes for medical use, electromagnetic radiation, interaction of radiation with matter, exponential attenuation, half value thickness, photo electric, Compton and pair production process and their significance in radiology, radiation units, detection and measurements of radiation ; Introduction of ultrasonic wave: Ultrasonic wave motion, wave characteristics, intensity, and ultrasound properties in body. Use of ultrasound in biological field ; Optical activity and magnetic rotation of substances, dipole moments, magnetic properties of substances, Useful and harmful effects of magnetic fields, radio waves, micro waves, ultra violet radiation and infrared radiation on human beings - Applications. Effect of hypothermia and hyperthermia. Production of ultra low and low temperature for medical use ; BIS standards, ISO regulations, Electrical safety and regulation to keep the hospital environment safe, medical ethics. Essential Reading : 1. Roland Glaser Biophysics , Springer, 2004

2.

P. Nelson, Biological Physics, W. H. Freeman; 1st edition, 2007

Supplementary Reading : 1. D. T. Plummer , Bio Chemistry - The chemistry of Life, Mc Graw Hill ,1989, 2. P. Reilly, Electrical Simulation & Electropathology, Cambridge Springer, 1998 3. J. D., Bronzino The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, CRC; 3rd edition, 2006 4. R. S. Khandpur, Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation, Laurier Books, Limited, 2003

BM 311

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL SYSTEM

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Open and closed loop system. Mathematical models of physical systems. Transfer functions. Block diagram algebra, Signal flow graphs, Feed back characteristics of control systems. Control systems and components. DC and AC servomotors. Principles of stepper motors ; Standard test signals. Time response of first order and second order systems. Design specifications of second systems. Proportional controller. PD controller, PID controller Necessary conditions for stability, stability criteria, Relative stability ; Concept and construction of root locus, Root contours. Frequency response analysis, Correlation between time and frequency response, Bode plots, Stabilty in frequency domain. Nyquist stability criterion ; Examples of biological control system. Cardiovascular control system, respiratory control system, Body temperature regulation, Blood glucose regulation ; Pupil control system, visual fixation system, Oculo-motor system skeletal muscle servo- mechanism, The semicircular canal, Free swinging limbs. Human operator tracking characteristics. Biological receptors. Essential Reading : 1. O. Katsuhika, Modem control engineering, 2nd edition , Prentice hall of India, 1992 2. I J Nagrath and M Gopal, Control Systems Engineering, 3rd edition, New age publishers, 2002. Supplementary Reading : 1. M. C Khoo, Physiological Control Systems- Analysis, Simulation and Estimation, IEEE press, 2000. 2. R P Van Wijk Van Brievingh and D P F moller (Eds) , Biomedical Modeling and Simulation on a PC A workbench for physiology and biomedical engineering, springer verlag, 1993. BM 312 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 4 Credits [3-1-0]

Evolution of medical instrument, components of a medical instrumentation system, Problems encountered in a measuring system, Biofeedback instrumentation ; Measurement systemspecification of instruments, static & dynamic characteristics of medical instruments. Biosignal, characteristics, classification of errors, statistical analysis. reliability, accuracy, fidelity, speed of response, linearization of technique, data acquisition system ; Detection of physiological parameters using impedance techniques: Impedance and current distribution, bipolar and tetra polar circuits, skin impedance, galvanic skin response measurement, total body impedance, cardiac output, neural activity, respiratory activity, impedance plethysmography ; Special features of bioelectric amplifiers, safety requirements, realization of bioelectric amplifiers, carrier amplifiers, chopper amplifiers, phase sensitive detector, isolation amplifiers, and instrumentation amplifiers ; Recording of bioelectric events-Analog recording system, digital recording and data logging including the use of micro-processor and flash memory chips. Recording of ECG, EMG & EEG signals. Holter monitor and cardiac stress test ; Components of patient monitoring

system, sources of artifacts & their implication, organization and equipments used in ICCU & ITU. Computer assisted patient monitoring system ; Patient safety and electromedical equipments. Essential Reading : 1. Cromwell, Weibell & Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation & Measurement, Prentice India, 2nd. Edn. 2003 2. J. Webster, Bioinstrumentation, Wiley & Sons.2004. Supplementary Reading : 1. J. Bronzino, Biomedical Engineering & Instrumentation, PWS Engg. Boston.3rd Edn. 2. J. Enderle, Bioinstrumentation, Morgan & Claypool Publisher 2006. 3. R. S. Khandpur, Handbook of Bio-Medical Instrumentation, Tata McGraw Hill, 2003

Hall,

BM 313

MEDICAL SIGNAL & SIGNAL PROCESSING

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction to signals & systems: Sampling theorem, continuous and discrete LTI system, properties of LTI system ; Introduction to Z Transform: The Z transform, properties of Z transform, inverse Z transform, transfer function in Z domain, location of poles and zeroes of Zdomain ; Discrete Fourier Series and Transform: Discrete Fourier series, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) ; Digital Filters Realizations: Characteristics of FIR filters, frequency response, design of FIR filters. Analog filter approximations - Butterworth and Chebychev. Design of IIR filters from analog filters: bilinear transformation method, step and impulse invariance techniques, spectral transformations. Comparison of FIR and IIR filters, simple filter design using MATLAB. Analysis of ECG signals using digital filters and MATLAB (tutorial) ; Time-frequency analysis: Stationary and non-stationary signals, application of time frequency analysis for biomedical signals. Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Wavelet. Essential Reading : 1. Oppenheim and R. W Schafer, Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall India, 2005 2. D.C.Reddy, Biomedical Signal Processing Principles and Technique, Tata McGrawHill., 2005 Supplementary Reading : 1. A. Antoniou , Digital Signal Processing, McGraw Hill, 2005 2. Iefeachor, Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 2002 3. J.G. Prokis and D.G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithm and Applications, PHI/Pearson Education, 1996 BM 314 BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING 4 Credits [3-1-0]

Digital image fundamentals: Image digitization, sampling & quantization, neighbour of pixels, connectivity, relations, equivalence & transitive closure, distance measures, arithmetic/logic operations, Different types of transform- discrete, fast Fourier, 2-D Fourier & inverse Fourier Image enhancement fundamentals: Spatial & frequency domain methods, contrast enhancement, histogram processing, image smoothing, image averaging, masking, image sharpening, removing of blur caused by uniform linear motion, enhancement in the frequency domain ; Image restoration fundamentals: Degradation model, discrete formulation, algebraic approach to restoration unconstrained & constrained ; Image compression and segmentation fundamentals: Fidelity criteria, image compression models, lossy and lossless compression

technique. Image segmentation: point detection, line detection, edge detection, edge linking and boundary detection ; Algorithms used in medical image processing: Brief of reconstruction techniques algebraic, simultaneous iterative and simultaneous algebraic. Reconstruction algorithm for parallel projections, fan beam projection and back projection. Introduction to various approaches of pattern recognition. Essential Reading : 1. P. Suetens, Fundamentals of image processing, Cambridge University Press, 2002. 2. Gonzalez and Woods, Digital image processing, 2nd ed., Pearson, 2007 Supplementary Reading : 1. R. C. Gonzalez, R. E. Woods, S. L. Eddins , Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB(R) ,Course Technology, 1 edition, 2004 2. A. K Jain, Fundamentals of image processing, prentice hall, Eagle cliffs, New Jersey, 1989 3. Chanda & Majumdar, Digital image processing and analysis, PHI, 2003 BM 315 LASER & FIBRE OPTICS IN MEDICINE 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Laser characteristics: Single frequency operation, coherence of laser, spatial distribution, intensity of laser emission, polarization of laser emission, measurement of pulsed laser energy. Principles of laser applications in medicine and biology ; Laser in biology: Optical properties of tissue, Pathology of laser reaction in skin, thermal effects, laser irradiation, Non thermal reactions of laser energy in tissue, effect of adjuvant ; Lasers in surgery: Surgical instrumentation of CO2, Ruby, Nd-YAG, He-Ne, Argon ion, Q-switched operations, continuous wave, Quasi continuous, surgical applications of these lasers ; Laser applications: Lasers in dermatology, lasers in ophthalmology, laser photocoagulations, laser in dentistry, Laser flow cytometry, Laser transillumination & diaphanography - Speckle intereferometry, holography Application Safety with biomedical Lasers ; Fiber optics in diagnosis: Transmission of signals, light, and construction details of optical fiber, application of fiber optics in medical field. Essential Reading : 1. L. Goldman, The Biomedical laser Technology and Clinical Applications, Springer, 1981 2. Hans-Peter Berlien, Gerhard J. Mller, H. Breuer, and N. Krasner, Applied Laser Medicine, Springer; 1 edition, 2004 Supplementary Reading : 1. Francis T.S. Yu and Shizhuo Yin, Fiber Optic Sensors , CRC; 1 edition 2002 2. Nandini K. Jog, Electronics in medicine and biomedical instrumentation, Prentice Hall of India

BM 316

BIOSENSORS AND BIOTRANSDUCERS

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Classification of transducers, selecting of transducers, circuit based on transduction. Temperature transducers, Displacement transducers, Pressure transducer, photoelectric transducers, Flow transducers, piezoelectric transducers and their applications ; Sensors/receptors in the human body, basic organization of nervous system-neural mechanism and circuit processing, Chemoreceptor, sensor models in the time and frequency domains ; Biochemical Transducers-Electrode theory: electrode-tissue interface, metal-electrolyte

interface, electrode-skin interface, electrode impedance, electrical conductivity of electrode jellies and creams ; Biopotential electrodes, Reference electrodes, Recording electrodes for ECG, EEG and EMG. Transducers for the measurement of ions and dissolved gases, pH electrode, specific ion electrodes ; Biosensors-Ion exchange membrane electrodes. Types, basic components and medical applications of biosensors, Basic principles of MOSFET biosensors & BIOMEMS ; Optical sensor- photo detectors, optical fiber sensors, and indicator mediated transducers, general principles of optical sensing, optical fiber temperature sensors. Pulse sensor: photoelectric pulse transducer, strain gauge pulse transducer. Essential Reading : 1. Handbook of Biosensors and Electronic Noses: Medicine, Food and the Environment, CRC-Press; 1 edition;1996 2. T. Togawa, T. Tamura, P. Ake Oberg, Biomedical Transducers and Instruments, CRC Press, 1997 Supplementary Reading : 1. Biosensors, Oxford University Press, USA; 2 edition, 2004 2. D. L. Wise, Biosensors: Theory and Applications, CRC Press,1993 3. R. B. Northrop, Endogenous and Exogenous Regulation and Control of Physiological Systems, CRC Press, 2000 4. Rao & Guha, Principles of Medical Electronics & Biomedical Instrumentation, Orient Longman.2001

BM 320

BIOCERAMICS

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Fundamentals of Bioceramics- Fabrication process, microstructure, mechanical properties, design of ceramics for joints replacement, cellular response to bioactive ceramics, osteoinduction ; Types of Bioceramics- alumina, zirconia, bioactive ceramics, calcium sulphate, tricalcium phosphate-based ceramics, Hydroxyapatite, Tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite biphasic ceramics, Si-substituted hydroxyapatite, Calcium phosphate cement, Calcium phosphate coatings, Titania-based materials, Ceramic-polymer composites, Dental ceramics, Dental glass-ceramics ; Clinical Applications- Clinical application of bioactive glasses, Clinical application of bioactive glass-ceramics, Clinical application of hydroxyapatite, Clinical applications of alumina ceramics in joint replacement, Clinical applications of ceramicspolyethylene combinations in joint replacement, Tissue engineering using bioceramics. Essential Reading : 1. T Kokubo, Bioceramics and their clinical applications, Woodhead Publishing Limited; Edition: 1st , 2008 2. A . Ravaglioli, A. Krajewski, Bioceramics: Materials. Properties. Applications, Publisher: Springer; Edition 1st, 1991 Supplementary Reading : 1. A R Boccaccini, Tissue engineering using ceramics and polymers, Woodhead Publishing Limited; Edition: 1st , 2007 2. J. F. Shackelford, Advanced Ceramics (volume 1; Bioceramics), Published by CRC Press; Edition: 1; 1999

BM 321

BIOMATERIALS

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction, biomaterials in medicine ; Metallic implant materials: different types, Host tissue reaction with biometal, corrosion behavior and the importance of passive films for tissue adhesion. Hard tissue & Soft tissue replacement ; Polymeric implant materials: Types and classification, Mechanical, Surface, Electrochemical, & Physiochemical properties of biopolymers. Biodegradable polymers for medical application. Synthetic polymeric membranes and their biological applications ; Ceramic implant materials: Types of bioceramics, Importance of wear resistance and low fracture toughness. Host tissue reactions: importance of interfacial tissue reaction ; Composite implant materials: Mechanics of improvement of properties by incorporating different elements. Composite theory of fiber reinforcement. Polymers filled with osteogenic fillers. Host tissue reactions ; Testing of Biomaterials: biocompatibility, blood compatibility and tissue compatibility, Toxicity tests, sensitization, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and special tests, In vitro and In vivo testing ; Sterilisation of implants and devices:ETO, gamma radiation, autoclaving. Effects of sterilization. Essential Reading : 1. S. V. Bhat, Biomaterials, Springer, 2002. 2. J B Park and J.D Boonzino , Biomaterials : Principles and Application, CRC Press,2002 Supplementary Reading : 1. J. Black, Biological Performance of materials, Taylor & Francis,2006 2. C.P.Sharma and M.Szycher, Blood compatible materials and devices, Technomic Publishing Co. Ltd., 1991. 3. J.B.Park and R.S.Lakes, An Introduction to Biomaterials, Springer,2007 4. B. D. Ratner, F. J. Schoen, A. S. Hoffman, J. E. Lemons, Biomaterials Science: An introduction to Materials in medicine, Academic Press, 2004. BM 322 BIOMECHANICS 4 Credits [3-1-0]

Review of principles of mechanics, vector mechanics- resultant forces of coplanar and noncoplanar and concurrent and non-concurrent forces, parallel forces, equilibrium of coplanar forces, Newtons laws of motion, work and energy, moment of inertia ; Analysis of rigid bodies in equilibrium, free body diagrams, system analysis in equilibrium, types of support or joint, Analysis of joints in various postures, Basic assumptions and limitations, biomechanical analysis of elbow, shoulder, spinal column, hip knee and ankle ; Forces involve in blood flow, general Bernoullis equation, wind kessel model, stress in the ventricular wall, pressure volume loop. Hagen-poiseuille law derivation and applications, steady laminar flow in elastic tube, wave propagation in blood, reflection and transmission of waves at arterial junctions, blood flow in veins, microcirculation ; Mechanism of air flow, respiratory cycle, lung ventilation model, methods of determining pressure, flow rate and volume spirometry, respiratory plethysmography, diagnostic significance of the lung-ventilation model, static and dynamic respiratory mechanics tests ; Design of orthopedic implant, specifications for a prosthetic joint, biocompatibility, requirement of a biomaterial, characteristics of different types of biomaterials, manufacturing process of implants, fixation of implants. Essential Reading : 1. Y C Fung, Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues, springer, 2nd edition, 1993. 2. N. Ozkaya and M. Nordin, Fundamentals of Biomechanics-Equilibrium, Motion and Deformation, springer-verlag, 2nd edition 1999

Supplementary Reading : 1. J. G Webster, Medical instrumentation Application and design, John Wiley and sons Inc. 3rd ed. 2003. 2. D. Dowson and V. Wright, An introduction to Biomechanics of joints and joint replacements, Mechanical Engineering Publications , 1980 3. Y. C. Fung, Biodynamics- circulation, springer-verlag, 1994.

BM 324

BIOPOLYMER

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introductions to biopolymers, properties of biopolymers, structure-properties relationship, applications. Polysaccharides: alginates, dextrans, chitosan, hyaluronic acids. Bacterial polyesters: poly(hydroxyalkanoates), poly(hydroxybutyrates). Proteinas: collagen, fibrin, gelatin, albumin. Artificical biopolymers: aliphatic polyesters derived from lactic and glycolic acids, aliphatic polyesters derived from malic acid, polyamides derived from citric acid and lysine, primary amine-containing polyesters derived from serine. Essential Reading 1. B. D. Ratner, A. S. Hoffman, F. J. Schoen, J. E. Lemons, Biomaterials Science, Academic Press; Edition 1, 1996. 2. J. Y. Wong, J. D. Bronzino, Biomaterials, CRC Press, Edition 2007 Supplementary Reading : 1. Swee Hin Teoh, Engineering Materials for Biomedical Applications, World Scientific Edition 1, 2004. 2. J. B. Park, J. D. Bronzino, J. D. Bronzino, Park B. Park, Biomaterials: Principles and Applications, Taylor & Francis, Edition 1, 2002. BM 326 SURFACE ENGINEERING OF BIOMATERIALS 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Surface dependent engineering properties, common surface initiated engineering failures; mechanism of surface degradation of material used in the body and outside the body in natural environment in service condition, Importance and necessity of surface engineering ; Classification and scope of surface engineering in metals, ceramics, polymers and composites, tailoring of surfaces of advanced materials ; Surface protection; surface modification techniques: classification, principles, methods, and technology; conventional surface engineering methods: electrochemistry and electro-deposition ; Scope and application of conventional surface engineering techniques in engineering materials; advantages and limitations of conventional processes ; Recent trend in surface engineering: physical/chemical vapour deposition; plasma spray coating; plasma assisted ion implantation; surface modification by directed energy beams like ion, electron and laser beams ; Characterization and testing/evaluation of surfaceproperties; structure-property correlation. Economics and energy considerations, designing of surface engineering processes ; Surface engineering of medical instruments and implants. Essential Reading : 1. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, Laser surface treatment of Bio-implant materials, John - Wiley and sons publishers, 2006. 2. K. G. Budinsky, Surface engineering for wear resistance, VI ed, Prentice Hall, New york 1998.

Supplementary Reading 1. J. E. Ellingsen, S. Petter Lyngstadaas, Bio-Implant Interface: Improving Biomaterials and Tissue Reactions, CRC Press, 2003: 2. G. Rakhorst, R. Ploeg, Biomaterials In Modern Medicine: The Groningen Perspective ,World Scientific Publishing Company; 1 edition 2008.

BM 342

INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Introduction Microbial Growth; Microbial Nutrition; Control by Chemical and Physical Agents; Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Clinical Microbiology, Genes: Structure, replication, mutation; Recombinant DNA technology; Microbial genomics Microbial Interactions & Ecology ; Microorganisms in Aquatic Environments; Microorganisms in Terrestrial Environments; Microbiology of Food, Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology , Normal Microbiota & Nonspecific Immunity, Medical Immunology. Essential Reading : 1. M. J. Waites, N. L. Morgan, J. S. Rockey, and G.Higton, Industrial Microbiology: An Introduction, Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN-13: 978-0632053070, 2001 Supplementary Reading : 1. Samuel and Dunn, C. Prescott, Industrial Microbiology, McGraw Hill, 3Rev Ed edition, ISBN-13: 978-0070507487, 1959.

BM 343

AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Molecular Markers: Comparison of different types of markers:- RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, AP-PCR, STS, EST, SNP, DNA Microarray; Construction of Molecular Maps Genome Sequencing in Plants and Functional Genomics. Transplastomic Plants: Engineering and Transformation of Chloroplast Genome. Genetic Improvement of Plants using different In vitro culture Techniques. Development of crops adaptable to environmental stresses, diseases and pests. Transgenic plants: Molecular Farming: Plants As factories for biopharmaceuticals, Transgenic value added speciality crops, Use of antisense RNA and other technologies. Biofertilizers, Biopesticides, Bioinsecticides Soil Reclamation: Phytoremediation. Essential Reading : 1. M J Chrispeels, Plants, Genes, and Crop Biotechnology,Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc., 2 Sub edition, 2002. Supplementary Reading : 1. B Shmaefsky, Biotechnology on the Farm and in the Factory: Agricultural and Industrial Applications (Biotechnology in the 21st Century),Chelsea House Publications, 2005. BM 351 GENETIC ENGINEERING 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Biotechnology: Definition; History and multidisciplinary nature of Biotechnology; Introduction to some important components - Tissue culture, genetic engineering. Introduction to cell and tissue culture techniques ; Recombinant DNA technology: Scope and Gene cloning - concept and basic steps; application of bacteria and viruses in genetic engineering; Molecular biology of E.

coli and bacteriophages in the context of their use in genetic engineering ; Gene cloning: Restriction endonucleases, ligases and other enzymes useful in gene cloning, PCR technology for gene/DNA detection, cDNA, usages of plasmid and phages as vectors; Model vectors for eukaryotes - Viruses, Gene libraries; Use of marker genes ; Current trends in Biotechnology: Medicine related applications i.e. Commercial synthesis of hormones and vaccines. Microbial applications i.e. large scale preparation of organic chemicals, bio-mining, microorganisms as feed of livestock; Biotechnology and environment i.e. pollution control, waste disposal, biogas; Monoclonal antibodies and their applications. Essential Reading : 1. Desmond S. T. Nicholl, An Introduction to Genetic Engineering, Cambridge University Press, 3 edition, 2008. Supplementary Reading : 1. M. Gen , R. Cheng, Genetic Algorithms and Engineering Design, Wiley-Interscience, 1 edition, 1997. 2. J. A. Nolta, Genetic Engineering of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Springer, 1 edition, 2006. BM 352 PLANT TISSUE CULTURE 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction to cell and tissue culture; Tissue culture media (composition, preparation); Initiation and maintenance of callus and cell suspension culture, organogenesis; Protoplast isolation culture and fusion; Production of haploids, Somaclonal variations, Germplasm conservation (Cryopreservation); Production of secondary metabolites from plant cell cultures; Processes for enhancing the production of secondary metabolites. Technology of plant cell culture for production of chemicals; Bioreactors systems and models for mass cultivation of plant cells; Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer; Agrobacterium based vectors, viral vectors and their application. Direct gene transfer methods; chemical methods, electroporation, microinjection, particle bombardment. Herbicide resistance, Insect resistance, Disease resistance, virus resistance,.Abiotic stress tolerance; Drought, temperature, salt. Application of plant biotechnology for the production of quality oil, Industrial enzymes, Antigens (edible vaccine) and plantibodies. Metabolic engineering for plant secondary metabolites. Essential Reading : 1. R. Smith, Plant Tissue Culture: Techniques and Experiments, 2nd ed., Academic Press, 2000. Supplementary Reading : 1. M.J. Crispeels, and D.E. Sadava, Plants, Genes and Crop Biotechnology, Jones and Bartlett Publishers (2nd Edition), 2003.

BM 361

BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Concept of ideal reactors based on flow characteristics, design of ideal reactors using material and energy balance equations. Single reactors, with ideal flow condition, comparison of volumes of plug flow reactor and chemostat. Multiple reactors-methods to show how total volume is affected in multiple reactors. Searching for mechanism Arrhenius equation Batch reactor analysis for kinetics (synchronous growth and its application in product production). Growth Kinetics: Batch growth quantifying cell concentration, growth profiles and kinetics in batch

culture, fed batch growth, continuous growth and their growth kinetic quantification, chemostat growth, semi-continuous / exponential feeding strategy. Maximizing the yield of intermediate product in series reactions Design principles Non isothermal reactions and pressure effects; Non-ideal flow in bioreactors-reasons for non-ideality, concept of RTD studies, characterization of non-ideality using RTD studies, various distribution functions, conversions using tracer studies. Diagnosing the ills of non ideal bioreactors, various models of non ideal flow. Design and analysis of bioreactors-stability and analysis of bioreactors, biomass production and effect of dilution rate. Design and operation of various bioreactors, viz CSTF, fed batch systems, airliftbioreactors, fluidized bed bioreactors. Scale up of bioreactors. Criteria for selection of bioreactors. Essential Reading : 1. D.G.Rao, Introduction to Biochemical Engineering, Tata Mc Hill, 2005. 2. J. E. Bailey and D.F. Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, 2nd edition, Mc Gra- Hill, 1986. Supplementary Reading : 1. J. E. Bailey and D. F. Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, McGraw Hill Higher Education; 2nd edition, 1986.

BM 363

BIOSEPARATION

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Basic concepts of Bio-separation Process, Separation characteristics of proteins and enzymes size, stability, properties; purification methodologies Characteristics of bio-products;, overview of reaction processes involved in separation, numerical examples illustrating the process ; Filtration and Centrifugation. Filtration at constant pressure and at constant rate; empirical equations for batch and continuous filtration, centrifugal and cross-flow filtration, Centrifugation: basic principles, design characteristics; ultracentrifuges: principles and applications ; Techniques Involved in Separation Processes ; Solvent extraction of bio-processes, aqueous two-phase extraction, adsorption-desorption process; Salt precipitation; Chromatographic separation based on size, charge hydrophobic interactions and metal ion affinity. Affinity chromatography, inhibitors: their preparation and uses, method of linkages, Electrophoresis SDS-PAGE (Polyacrylamide Gel), horizontal and vertical type, methods, case studies ; Membrane based separation processes. Micro-filtration, Reverse osmosis, Ultra filtration and affinity ultra filtration, concentration polarization, rejection, flux expression, membrane modules, dead-ended and cross-flow mode, material balances and numerical problems, biological applications. Essential Reading : 1. P. A. Belter, E. L. Cussler and Wei-Shou Hu, Bioseparations: Downstream Processing for Biotechnology, Wiley-Interscience, 1 edition, 1988. Supplementary Reading : 1. Bailey & Olis, Biochemical Engg. Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill, 1990. BM 364 BIOSENSORS AND DIAGNOSTICS 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Classification of transducers, selecting of transducers, circuit based on transduction. Temperature transducers, Displacement transducers, Pressure transducer, photoelectric

transducers, Flow transducers, piezoelectric transducers and their applications. Sensors/receptors in the human body, basic organization of nervous system-neural mechanism and circuit processing, Chemoreceptor, sensor models in the time and frequency domains. Biochemical Transducers-Electrode theory: electrode-tissue interface, metal-electrolyte interface, electrode-skin interface, electrode impedance, electrical conductivity of electrode jellies and creams. Biopotential electrodes, Reference electrodes, recording electrodes for ECG, EEG and EMG. Transducers for the measurement of ions and dissolved gases, pH electrode, specific ion electrodes. Biosensors-Ion exchange membrane electrodes. Types, basic components and medical applications of biosensors, Basic principles of MOSFET biosensors & BIOMEMS. Optical sensor- photo detectors, optical fiber sensors, and indicator mediated transducers, general principles of optical sensing, optical fiber temperature sensors. Pulse sensor: photoelectric pulse transducer, strain gauge pulse transducer. Essential Reading : 1. Handbook of Biosensors and Electronic Noses: Medicine, Food and the Environment, CRC-Press, 1 edition,1996. 2. T. Togawa, T. Tamura and P. Ake Oberg, Biomedical Transducers and Instruments, CRC Press, 1997. Supplementary Reading : 1. Biosensors, Oxford University Press, USA; 2nd edition, 2004. 2. D. L. Wise, Biosensors: Theory and Applications, CRC Press,1993. 3. R. B. Northrop, Endogenous and Exogenous Regulation and Control of Physiological Systems, CRC Press, 2000. 4. Rao & Guha, Principles of Medical Electronics & Biomedical Instrumentation, Orient Longman, 2001.

BM 366

BIOREACTOR ANALYSIS & DESIGN

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Types of reactors- batch, plug flow reactor (PFR), continuous stirred rank reactors (CSTR), fluidized bed reactor, bubble column, air life fermenter, etc; concept of ideal and non-ideal reactor; residence time distribution; Models of non-ideal reactors ? plug flow with axial dispersion, tanks-n-series model; Chemostat model with cell growth kinetics; Plug flow reactor for microbial processes; optimization of reactor systems; Multiphase bioreactors ? packed bed with immobilized enzymes or microbial cells; three ? phase fluidized bed trickling bed reactor; Design and analysis of the above reactor systems; Gas liquid reactors; Unconventional bioreactors like Hollow fiber reactor, membrane reactor, perfusion reactor for animal and plant cell culture. Essential Reading : 1. J. A. Asenjo, Bioreactor System Design (Biotechnology and Bioprocessing Series), CRC, 1 edition, ISBN-13: 978-0824790028, 1994. Supplementary Reading : 1. Multiphase Bioreactor Design, J. M.S. Cabral, M. Mota, and J. Tramper, CRC , ISBN-13: 978-0415272094, 2001.

BM 368

BIOINFORMATICS

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Scope of Bioinformatics, Elementary commands and protocols, ftp, telnet, http; Primer on information theory; Introduction to Homology (with special mention to Charles Darwin, Sir Richard Owen, Willie Henning and Alfred Russel Wallace); DNA mapping and sequencing; Map alignment; Large scale sequencing methods (Shotgun and Sanger method); Heuristic Alignment algorithms; Global sequence alignments-Neddleman-Wunsch Algorithm Smith-Waterman Algorithm-Local sequence alignments (Amino acid substitution Matrices (PAM, BLOSUM); Introduction to Biological databases; Organization and management of databases; Searching and retrieval of information from the World Wide Web; Structure databases-PDB (Protein Data Bank), Molecular Modeling Databases (MMDB); Primary Databases (NCBL, EMBL, DDBJ) ; Introduction to Secondary Databases Organization and management of databases (Swissprot, PIR, KEGG); Introduction to BioChemical databases-organization and Management of databases (KEGG, EXGESCY, BRENDA, WIT); Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Essential Reading : 1. H. H. Rashidi and L. K.Buehler, Bioinformatics Basics. Applications in Biological Science and Medicine, CAC Press, 2000. 2. D. Gusfiled , Algorithms on Strings Trees and Sequences, Cambridge University Press, 1997. Supplementary Reading : 1. P. Baldi and S. Brunak, Bioinformatics: A Machine Learning Approach, MIT Press, 1988. 2. D. Mount, Bioinformatics, CSH Publications, 2000. 3. Genomics and Proteomics-Functional and Computational aspects. Springer Publications, Editior-Sandor Suhai.

BM 371

BIOMATERIAL LABORATORY

2 Credits [0-0-3]

1. Mechanical characterization of metallic biomaterials 2. Mechanical characterization of polymeric biomaterials 3. Hardness testing of biomaterials 4. Estimation of haemocompatibility of biomaterials by hemolysis studies 5. Measurement of torque required to tap and screwing in jaw bone. 6. Determination of moment of inertia of human limb using dynamometer. 7. Measurement of viscosity of body fluid. 8. Determination of moment of inertia of human bone using compound pendulum method. 9. Stress-strain analysis of hip prosthesis. 10. Surface roughness measurement of biomaterials. 11. Ultrasonic characterization of biomaterial 12. Corrosion studies of biomaterials. BM 372 1. 2. 3. 4. BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

Maximum distance algorithm Image enhancement Histogram Image smoothing, Image sharpening Algorithm for low pass filter, high pass filter, median filter

5. Point detection, Line detection 6. Edge detection, Prewitt Edge, quich Edge detector 7. Image data compression 8. Numerical Implementation of the TWO Dimensional F.F.T. 9. Reconstruction Algorithm for Parallel Projections 10. Reconstruction Algorithm for Fan Beam Projections 11. Back Projection Algorithm 12. Algebric Reconstruction Techniques (A.R.T.) 13. Simultaneous Algebric Reconstruction Technique (S.A.R.T.) 14. Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique (S.I.R.T.) BM 373 BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

1. Use of DSP processor 6X and 2X series for a)Sine wave generation using C. b) Linear and circular convolution c) Finding DFT and IDFT of a given density d) Realization of FIR and IIR filters e) Plotting the power spectral density 2. Designing an FIR filter using MATLAB and DSP Kit. 3. Designing an IIR filter using MATLAB and DSP Kit. 4. Fourier analysis of periodic signal. 5. Time frequency domain properties of different windows using MATLAB. 6. Implementation of the Double-Precision Complex FFT for ECG signal. 7. Design of Notch filter for elimination of 50Hz from ECG signal. 8. EMG processing using MATLAB Rectification and Signal Averaging. 9. Signal Averaging Improvement in the SNR using coherent and incoherent Averaging 10. Data Polishing: Mean and Trend Removal 11. PSD Estimation 12. LMS based Algorithm for Adative Noise Canceling 13. Data Compression Techniques: AZTEC, TP, CORTES, KL TRANSFORM 14. Classification of EEG waves BM 374 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

Study of safety analyzer, Power Isolation, Isolation Transformer and DC-Dc Converters. Study of Ultrasound diathermy, Short wave Diathermy, Timer Circuit Study of ECG Amplifier-Lead Selector, QRS component Study of Fetous Doppler and Fetous Monitor for Transmitter and Detector Study of Pacemaker with simulator circuit Measurement of Blood Flow Velocity using Ultrasonic blood flow Monitor Study and Characterization of Biotransducer-Pressure, Temperature, Humidity using LVDT, Temperature Amplifier. 8. Study & Characterization of Bioelectrodes- ECG, EMG, EEG using Amplifiers 9. Study of EMG processor with simulator and EMG Amplifier 10. Study of X-RAY Radiography System with Dark room process 11. Study of EEG system and Characterization of Amplifier with simulator 12. Study of EMG /ECG amplifier Isolation of Bio-signal using analog circuit 13. Study of Galvanic Skin Resistance using GSR System

14. Study of PCG (Phonocardiograph) for Measurement of Heart Sound 15. Determination of Pulmonary Function Using Spirometer 16. Measurement of Respiration rate using thermister for Apnea study and Baby Incubator study 17. Measurement of Pulse Rate using photoelectric transducer Heart rate monitor and study of plythesmograph, F-V converter 18. Study of artificial respiratory system BM 381 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

1. Review of Basic Techniques; Laboratory equipment and tools -- The use of light microscope. 2. Determination of cell number; size measurement of microbial cells. 3. Selective, differential, and enriched media preparation; Autoclaving. 4. Making a Calibrated Standard Quantitative Curve to count viable bacteria. 5. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Household Refrigeartor 6. Preparation of basic disinfectants: povidone iodine, medical grade phenyl. 7. Environmental Monitoring 8. Use of the chemostat / fermentor: Active yogurt cultures. 9. Isolation and culture of pathogenic bacteria from chicken meat. BM 382 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

Introduction to Important Equipments. Specialized Cell Culture. RNA isolation from keratinocytes. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (End point and Real time) for studying collagen gene expression. DNA Electrophoresis of keratinocytes. Protein Electrophoresis human serum. Immunophenotyping-I and Immunophenotyping-II ELISA Western Blotting

BM 383 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

GENETIC ENGINEERING LABORATORY

2 Credits [0-0-3]

Spectrophotometric assays to measure DNA concentration. Horizontal electrophoretic analysis of fragments and ligated DNA Transformation of cells with new plasmid by heat shock. Transformation of cells by electroporation. Sothhern blotting; electrophoresis and transfer to a nylon sheet; probing of nylon sheet for specific fragments. 6. The polymerase chain reaction for amplifying DNA. BM 385 BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND BIOSEPARATION LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

1. Isolation of useful microorganisms from natural samples.

2. Growth of microorganisms, estimation of Monod parameters 3. Temperature effect on growth-estimation of energy of activation and Arrhenius 4. Constant for microorganisms. 5. Study of growth kinetics of bacteria in shake flask. 6. Separation of protein using sucrose gradient method. 7. Separation of proteins using Electrophoresis methods. 8. Separation of DNA using Electrophoresis method. 9. Separation of protein using reverse osmosis. 10. Study of growth kinetics saccharomyces cerevisiae in shake flask. 11. Estimation of dry cell mass. 12. Study of growth kinetics of bacteria in bioreactor. 13. Death kinetics of saccharomyces cerevisiae. Available in Chemical Engineering Department 14. Process Dynamics and Control 15. Process Instrumentation Lab Essential Reading : 1. S. Ahuja, Handbook of Bioseparations, Volume 2 (Separation Science and Technology), Academic Press, ISBN-13: 978-0120455409, 1 edition, May 2000. 2. S.N. Mukhopadhyay, Process Biotechnology Fundamentals, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd. 2001. BM 386 BIOINFORMATICS LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

1. An introduction to the computing platforms on which the course is taught: Remote computing, text editing, basics of the UNIX operating system, and the X environment. 2. Molecular databases and how they are organized and accessed: Wisconsin Package and its graphical user interface (GUI) SeqLab and the on-site GCG sequence databases will be reviewed. Access methods like WWW, NCBI's Entrez. 3. Unknown DNA -- rational probe design and analysis -- the "guessmer": Designing and analyzing oligonucleotide primers for discovering genes in organisms. 4. DNA fragment contiguous assembly (GCG's SeqMerge) and restriction enzyme mapping. 5. Database similarity searching and the dynamic programming algorithm: Methods and algorithms, their limitations, and the significance of their findings. 6. Gene finding strategies: Searching by signal versus searching by content, i.e. transcriptional/translational regulatory sites and exon/intron splice sites, versus 'nonrandomness,' codon usage; and homology inference 7. Multiple sequence alignment, expectation maximization, profiles, and Markov models 8. Molecular evolutionary phylogenetic inference: PAUP* (Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony [and Other Methods], PHYLIP (PHYLogeny Inference Package), and other tools. 9. Estimating protein secondary structure and physical attributes: Proteolytic digestion mapping, molecular weight and amino acid composition determination, isoelectric point estimation, hydrophobicity and hydrophobic moment determinations, surface probability and antigenicity mapping, and secondary structure prediction. 10. Molecular modeling and visualization. BM 401 APPLIED HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Nutrition physiology: metabolism, energy, production, biochemical aspect, role of nutrients, weight control mechanisms and preventative nutrition in health management, Physiology of human movement with emphasis on metabolic, cardio respiratory, and musculoskeletal aspects; body composition, thermoregulation, and ergogenic aids. Orthotics and prosthesis, Clinical gait analysis, Mechanics of Movement, Aging Movement Control, biomechanical and neural aspects of the control of limbed locomotion and movement, function and adaptations of skeletal, muscular and neural systems. Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function, Different Disorders and their physiological aspects, tetany, hypertension, neural physiology, uroflowmetry, Sleep disorders. Essential Reading : 1. S. Fox, Human Physiology, McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math; 10 edition 2007 2. W. F. Ganong, Review of Medical Physiology, McGraw-Hill Medical; 22 edition 2005 Supplementary Reading : 1. M.R. Pinsky, L. Brochard and J. Mancebo, Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine, Springer; 1 edition 2006 2. T. J. Housh, D. J. Housh, H. A. DeVries, Applied Exercise and Sport Physiology Holcomb Hathaway, Publishers; 2nd edition 2006

BM 403

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

3 Credits [3-0-0]

General Introduction, Cellular organization, tissues, major organ systems, homeostasis ; Evolution of biomedical instrumentation, components of biomedical instrumentation system, transducers, biosignals, biosensors, biopotential and physical measurements, blood gases & pH sensors, bioanalytical sensors, optical sensors ; Bioelectric phenomena-Neurons, basic biophysics tools and relationship, equivalent circuit model for the cell membrane, HodgkinHuxley model for the action potential, model of the whole neuron ; Natural and biomimetic materials, biopolymer synthesis, phase separation in polymers, self assembly, biocompatibility, polymer degradation, biomedical applications including drug delivery, tissue regeneration ; Cell structure and components, protein structure, cell membranes, dynamics & morphogenesis of tissue, Growth factor, cell-material interaction, role of mechanical and biochemical environment, bioreactor for tissue growth, tissue grafts ; Fundamental Laws of mechanics, muscle and joint reaction forces, stress and strain, material behavior, soft tissue mechanics, Orthopadic mechanics, cardiac mechanics, blood flow and pressure measurement ; Computational biology, the modeling process, bionetworks ; Biomedical imaging, radiation imaging, diagnostic ultrasound imaging, X-ray, medical resonance imaging, comparison of imaging modes. Essential Reading : 1. J. D. Enderle, S. M. Blanchard, J. D Bronzino, Introduction to Biomedical Engineering, Academic Press, 2005 2. J. D. Bronzino ,Biomedical engineering fundamentals , CRC Press, 2006 Supplementary Reading : 1. B. Ritter, S. Reisman, B.B. Michniak, Biomedical Engineering Principles,CRCPress,2005 2. Silver Frederick H ,Biomaterials, Medical Devices and Tissue Engineering, Chapman & Hall, London- 1994 3. Leslie, Cromwell, F. J. Weibell, E. A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and measurements, 2nd ed. Pearson Education-2004 4. S. V. Bhat , Biomaterials, 2nd Edition-,Narosa Publishing House- 2005

BM 413

MEDICAL IMAGING

4 Credits [3-1-0]

X-rays production & properties, various components of radiographic systems, rating charts of Xray tubes. Electrical circuit for X-ray m/c, filament circuits and mA control, HT circuits, KV control, control of exposure timers, collimators, scatter & grids, absorbed dose, basics of tables & arms, , dark room accessories, types of X-ray tubes for various medical applications ; Principle of photography and radiographic film image, film sensitometry, information content of an image, image quality factors, MTF. Detectors- ionization chamber, proportional counter, Geiger-Muller counter, scintillation detectors, semiconductor radiation detector, Image intensifier, automatic brightness control system, image distortion and artifacts ; Fluoroscopic imaging system, principle, specific system design. Digital fluoroscopy-c-arm system. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA), digital subtraction programming ; Radiotherapy principles, dosage data for clinical applications, radiation therapy planning, collimators and beam direction devices, dose measurement and treatment planning, tele isotope units. Safety protocols & protection ; Physics of thermography, Imaging systems, clinical thermography, liquid crystal thermography Special imaging techniques. Essential Reading : 1. W.R.Hendee and E.R.Ritenour, Medical Imaging Physics,3rd editions, Mosbey YearBook, Inc., 1992. 2. J. T. Bushberg, J. Anthony Seibert, E. M. Leidholdt Jr., J. M. Boone, The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging, 2nd Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001 Supplementary Reading : 1. R. C. Gonzalez and R E Woods, Digital image processing, 2nd ed. Prentice Hall, 2002. 2. P. Suetens, Fundamentals of image processing, Cambridge University Press, 2002. 3. Dowsett, Kenny & Johnston, The Physics of Diagnostic Imaging, Chapman & Hall Medical, Madras/London, 1998 4. R. Salzer, Biomedical Imaging: Principles and Applications, Wiley-Interscience ,2008

BM 421

BIOCOMPOSITES

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Introduction, biocompatibililty, fabrication (filament winding, pultrusion, extrusion, injection molding, compression molding, thermoforming) and characterization, mechanics of composite materials, structure-property relationship, designing with composite materials, Biomedical application of polymer composites- bone plates, intramedullary nails, total hip replacement, bone grafts, denatsl materials, prosthetic sockets, tendons and ligaments, vascular grafts. Essential Reading : 1. S. H. Teoh, Engineering Materials for Biomedical Applications, World Scientific Edition 1, 2004. 2. S. Ramakrishna, An Introduction to Biocomposites, Imperial College Press; Edition 1, 2004 Supplementary Reading : 1. B. D. Ratner, A. S. Hoffman, F. J. Schoen, J. E. Lemons, Biomaterials Science, Academic Press, Edition 1, 1996. 2. J. Y. Wong, J. D. Bronzino, Biomaterials, CRC Press, Edition 2007

BM 422

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS ENGINEERING

AND

REHABILITATION

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction to artificial organs: Biomaterials used in artificial organs and prostheses, Rheological properties of blood, blood viscosity variation, Casson equation, flow properties of blood, problems associated with extracorporeal blood flow ; Artificial kidney: kidney filtration, artificial waste removal methods, hemodialysis, equation for artificial kidney and middle molecule hypothesis. Hemodialysers, mass transfer Analysis, regeneration of dialysate, membrane configuration, wearable artificial kidney machine, separation of antigens from blood in ESRD patients ; Artificial heart-lung machine: lungs gaseous exchange/ transport, artificial heart-lung devices. Oxygenators, Liver support system, artificial pancreas, blood and skin ; Audiometry: air conduction, bone conduction, masking, functional diagram of an audiometer. Hearing aids, Opthalmoscope, retinoscope, I.A.B.P principle and application ; Rehabilitation Engineering: Impairments, disabilities & handicaps, measurement & assessment, engineering concepts in sensory & motor rehabilitation. Engg. concept in communication disorders, Rehabs for locomotion, visual, speech & hearing, Artificial limb & hands, prosthetic heart valves, Externally powered & controlled orthotics & prosthetics, Myoelectric hand & arm prostheses, marcus intelligent hand prostheses, gait study, spinal rehabilitation. Essential Reading : 1. G. E Miller, Artificial Organs, Morgan & Claypool, 2006 2. G. V Kondraske, Rehabilitation Engineering, CRC press 1995 Supplementary Reading : 1. B. Joseph, Hand book of biomedical Engineering, Springer, 2000 2. R. S. Khandpur, Handbook of Bio-Medical Instrumentation, Tata McGraw Hill, 2003 3. Ballabio E.etal, Rehabilitation Engineering, IOS press 1993.

BM 423

TISSUE ENGINEERING

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Introduction, structural and organization of tissues: Epithelial, connective; vascularity and angiogenesis, basic wound healing, cell migration, current scope of development and use in therapeutic and in-vitro testing ; Cell culture- Different cell types, progenitor cells and cell differentiations, different kind of matrix, cell-cell interaction. Aspect of cell culture: cell expansion, cell transfer, cell storage and cell characterization, Bioreactors ; Molecular biology aspect- Cell signaling molecules, growth factors, hormone and growth factor signaling, growth factor delivery in tissue engineering, cell attachment: differential cell adhesion, receptor-ligand binding, and Cell surface markers ; Scaffold and transplant- Engineering biomaterials, Degradable materials, porosity, mechanical strength, 3-D architecture and cell incorporation. Engineering tissues for replacing bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, skin and liver. Basic transplant immunology, stems cells ; Case study and regulatory issues-cell transplantation for liver, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, neural, visceral tissue engineering. Ethical, FDA and regulatory issues. Essential Reading : 1. B. Palsson, S. Bhatia ,Tissue Engineering, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2003 2. G. Vunjak-Novakovic, R. Ian Freshney, Culture of Cells for Tissue Engineering, WIS, 2006

Supplementary Reading : 1. B. Palsson, J.A. Hubbell, R.Plonsey and J.D. Bronzino, Tissue Engineering, CRCTaylor & Francis 2. J. D. Bronzino, The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, CRC; 3rd edition , 2006 3. R. P.Lanza, R. Langer and W. L. Chick, Principles of tissue engineering, Academic press,1997

BM 424

INTRODUCTION TO BIOMATERIALS

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction: Definition of biomaterials, classification of biomaterials properties of materials, mechanical properties ; Metallic implant materials: Definition. Stainless steel, Co-based alloys, Ti and Ti-based alloys. Polymeric implant materials: Natural and arftificial biopolymers ; Ceramic implant materials: Definition. Bioresorbable and bioactive ceramics. Aluminium oxides, Glass ceramics, Carbons. Composite implant materials: Definition, Properties and applications. Biocompatibility & toxicological screening of biomaterials. Essential Reading : 1. B D. Ratner, A S. Hoffman, F J. Schoen, J E. Lemons, Biomaterials Science: Academic Press, 1 Edition, 1996. 2. S H Teoh, Engineering Materials for Biomedical Applications, World Scientific: 1 Edition, 2004. Supplementary Reading : 1. J B. Park, J D. Bronzino, Biomaterials: Principles and Applications; Taylor & Francis, Edition 1, 2002. 2. J Y. Wong, J D. Bronzino, Biomaterials, CRC Press, Edition 2007 BM 431 PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEM MODELING 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Techniques of mathematical modeling, classification of models, characteristics of models. Purpose of physiological modeling and signal analysis, linearization of nonlinear models, Time invariant and time varying systems for physiological modeling ; Electromotive, resistive and capacitive properties of cell membrane, change in membrane potential with distance, voltage clamp experiment and Hodgkin and Huxleys model of action potential, the voltage dependent membrane constant and simulation of the model, model for strength-duration curve, model of the whole neuron. Huxley model of isotonic muscle contraction, modeling of EMG, motor unit firing ; Electrical analog of blood vessels, model of systematic blood flow, model of coronary circulation, transfer of solutes between physiological compartments by fluid flow, counter current model of urine formation, model of Henle's loop, and Linearized model of the immune response: Germ, Plasma cell, Antibody, system equation and stability criteria. Essential Reading : 1. Endarle, Blanchard & Bronzino, Introduction to Biomedical Engg. , Academic press.2005 2. S. R.Devasahayam, Signals & Systems in Biomedical Engineering, Springer,2000 Supplementary Reading :

1. 2. 3. 4.

J. Candy, Signal Processing: The Model Based approach, Mc. Graw Hill, 1986 L.Stark, Neurological Control System, Plenum Press, 2007 R. D. Keynes, D. J. Aidley, Nerve and Muscle, Inc Net Library 2001 V.Z. Marmarelis, Advanced methods of physiological modeling, Plenum Press,1989 HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT 3 Credits [3-0-0]

BM 432

Classification of Hospital systems, Role of biomedical engineers ; Aspects of hospital servicesoutpatient- inpatient supportive emergency drug and medical supply nursing dietary service transport services ; Hospital planning location,, orientation, budgeting, inside & outside communication, electric power supply for various theatres and rooms , diesel generator, standby power supply ; Air-conditioning of important theatres and equipment housings, water supply requirements and management, lifts, fire fighting equipments. Sanitation, laundry services ; Computer and information management in hospitals: computer aided hospital management: application administration / discharge records of patients patients billing maintenance of patients records, their history, maintenance of inventory of medicines and drugs- purchase ; Electrical factors in hospital design, voltage stabilizer, uninterrupted power supply for intensive care units and computerized monitoring units-safety precautions, protection, grounding of ECG, EEG, ENG and other therapeutic equipments ; Biomedical equipment services their purchase, servicing and maintenance of equipment, training of men for medical equipments, preventive and periodical maintenance procedure. Essential Reading : 1. S I Goel and R Kumar ,Hospital administration and management, Deep and Deep pub. New Delhi, 2002 2. L. E. Swayne, J. Duncan and P. M. Ginter, Strategic Management of Health Care Organizations, Wiley-Blackwell; 5 edition 2007 Supplementary Reading : 1. Sahni, ISHA sourcebook of modern technology for hospitals and health care, Bangalore, 1992 2. M. Nowicki, The Financial Management of Hospitals and Healthcare Organizations, Health Administration Press; Fourth edition ,2007

BM 433

MEDICAL EMBEDDED SYSTEM

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Memory interfacing ROM and SRAM ; I/O interfacing: I/O mapped I/O scheme. Simple I/O ports (8282) ; Peripherals interfacing: Matrix key board, 7-segment LEDs, DAC, ADC, Getronics parallel ; printer, CRT data terminal ; Interfacing of 8086 with programmable peripheral interface chip (8255), Programmable ; communicator chip (8251), Programmable Internal timer chip (8253), Programmable ; interrupt controller(8259), DMA(8257) controller ; Interfacing applications of 8051 ADC, DAC, Elevator and simulator, 7-segment display, traffic light controller, LED display , key board interfacing ; Interfacing application of PIC-Analog to digital module, power down (sleep) modes ; Programming of PIC, Standard I/O and processor directives, CCS-PIC COMPILER ; Interfacing of medical sensors, carbondioxide and oxygen sensors, respiration, force, flow, differential voltage and current probes and humidity sensors. Essential Reading :

1. 2.

R.J Goankar, Microprocessor architecture, programming and application with 8085, 4th Ed., Penram International Publishing, 1999. K. J. Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller-Architechture, Programming and Applications, 2nd Ed., Penram International Publishing, 2005.

Supplementary Reading : 1. R. Barnett, L.O cull and S. Cox, Embedded C programming and the microchip PIC, Thomson Learning, 2004 2. T. Noergaard, Embedded Systems Architecture: A Comprehensive Guide for Engineers and Programmers, Newnes 2005 BM 434 HEALTH INFORMATICS 4 Credits [3-1-0]

Planning and designing of hospital systems: financial aspects, equipment, building, organization, medical services, BME services and technical aspects: pole & responsibilities layout, setting and functions of BME department in a hospital. Biomedical Equipment management ; Data base management: introduction to data structure, elements, arrays, records, sets, tables, singly and doubly linked data, stacks, queues and trees, Architecture of DBMS. Representation of data, physical record interface, data models, relational, Hierarchical and network approach ; Data modeling techniques: relational, Hierarchical and network normalization techniques, Data indexing and structuring techniques, integrity and security of data base, information searching and retrieval ; Hospital information system: computerization & functional capabilities of a computerized hospital information system. Cost effectiveness of using computer, security of computer records, source of data for decision making, Computerized patient database management, Microprocessors, database approach to laboratory computerization ; Application of artificial intelligence in medicine ; Telemetry application in Medicine: Telemetry circuits, modulation systems, single and multi channel telemetry system, implantable telemetry system, wireless telemetry, video conferencing, telesurgery, virtual reality. Essential Reading : 1. R D Lele, Computers in medicine, Tata McGrawHill Pub, new Delhi, 1998. 2. G D Kunders, Hospital Planning Design and Management, TATA McGraw Hill pub. New delhi, 2003 Supplementary Reading : 1. C J Date , An introduction to data base systems, 8th edition, Addison Wesley 2003 2. J D Ullman, Principles of database system, Galgotia Pub. 1990. 3. R S Khandpur, Handbook of biomedical instrumentation, Tata McGrawHill Pub, 2nd eds, New Delhi, 2003 BM 435 BIOLOGICAL WASTE TREATMENT 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction, Types and characterization of biomedical waste, Standards of BMW ; Health hazards of BMW and its assessment, medical waste handling methods, treatment methods,: incineration, steam and gas sterilization, chemical, thermal, irradiation & microwave treatments, grinding a& shredding, compaction ; Management of infectious waste ; Medical waste reuse, recycling and reduction ; Control and monitoring of air pollution caused by BMW ; Case studies on BMW management in hospitals and medical colleges ; Recent advances in BMW ; Regulation/legal provision on BMW.

Essential Reading : 1. V. J. Landrum, Medical Waste Management and Disposal, William Andrew Inc, 1999 2. R. Radhakrishan, Biomedical Waste Management , Sumit Enterprises, 2007 Supplementary Reading : 1. J.Kishore, G. K,. Ingle, Biomedical Waste Management in India, 1st ed, Century Publications New Delhi, 2004. 2. Jr., W. C. Blackman, Basic Hazardous Waste Management, Third Edition , 2001

BM 437

HOSPITAL SYSTEM

ENGINEERING

AND

INFORMATION

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Classification of hospital & architecture, Aspects of hospital services inpatient, outpatient and emergency. Location & environment of hospital, Hierarchy of medical and paramedical staff & their functions and responsibilities. Modern Hospital Architecture ; Electrical power systems in hospitals: Safety of electrical systems, Protective systems. Design of sub stations, breakers, Surge protectors, EMI filters, voltage stabilizers, generator sets and UPS. Uninterrupted power supply for ICU and computerized monitoring units. Specification & estimation for hospital wiring - small case study ; Air conditioning & gas supply systems: Air conditioning & refrigeration systems, air changes, filtering & sterility, deodorization, disinfection, dehumidification & cryogenic systems. Centralized supply of air, oxygen, nitrous oxide & vacuum, Management of lifts, fire fighting equipments ; Hospital engineering & Management: Definition of biomedical, clinical & hospital engineering, Importance and function of BME department, Importance of ISO 9000 Certificates in hospitals ; Hospital Information system: Role of database, Need & Overview of Networking, topologies and its configuration. Structuring medical records, Computerization in pharmacy & billing. Automated clinical laboratory systems & radiology information system. Essential Reading : 1. Rudi Van De Velde and P. Degoulet, Clinical Information Systems: A Component-Based Approach, Springer; 1 edition, 2003 2. A.K. Saini, Management Information System in Hospitals, Deep & Deep Publications, India, 2002 Supplementary Reading : 1. T. S. Hargest, C. A. Caceres, G. Hammer, J. L. Williams, Management and Clinical Engineering, Artech House, 1980 2. A . Narayanan ,Basic Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, McGraw-Hill Education, 2005 3. H. E. Smalley, Hospital Management Engineering A guide to the improvement of hospital management system, PHI. 1982

BM 439

TELEMEDICINE

3 Credits [3-0-0]

History of Telemedicine, Block diagram of telemedicine system, Tele health, Tele care, Origins and Development of Telemedicine, scope, benefits and limitations of Telemedicine ; Types of information: Audio, Video, Still Images, Text & data, Fax. Types of Communication & Network: PSTN, POTS, ATN, ISDN, Internet, Wireless communications, Different modulation techniques. Types of antennas, Integration and Operational issues, real-time Telemedicine ; Data Exchange: Network Configuration, Circuit and packet switching, H.320 series ( Video phone based ISBN) T.120, H.324 (Video phone based PSTN), Video Conferencing ; Data Security and

standards: Encryption, Cryptography, Mechanisms of encryption, Phases of Encryption, Protocols: TCP/IP, ISO-OSI, Standards to followed DICOM, HL7 ; Ethical and legal aspects of telemedicine ; Tele radiography: Basic parts of teleradiology system, Tele pathology- Multimedia databases, color images of sufficient resolution: Dynamic range, spatial resolution, compression methods, Interactive control of color, controlled sampling, security and confidentiality tools. Tele cardiology, Teleoncology, Tele surgery. Essential Reading : 1. A .C. Norris, Essentials of Telemedicine and Telecare, John Wiley & Sons, 2002 2. R. Wootton & Victor Patterson, Introduction to Telemedicine, RSM Press,2006 Supplementary Reading : 1. Olga Ferrer-Roca & M. Sosa ludicissa, Handbook of Telemedicine, IOS Press 2002 2. A . Darkins & M. Cary, Telemedicine and Telehealth: Principles, Policies, Performance and Pitfalls, Springer Publishing Company; 1 edition, 2000 3. R. Latifi ,Current Principles and Practices of Telemedicine and e-Health: Volume 131 Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, IOS Press; 1 edition, 2008 BM 441 INTRODUCTION TO BIOTECHNOLOGY 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Scope and importance of Biotechnology; Structure of prokaryote and eukaryotic cells; Cell cycle and its regulation; analytical techniques for quantification of Biomolecules; Fine structure of gene; DNA replication damage and repair; Regulation of gene expression ; sequencing of DNA and proteins; Principles and applications of Recombinant DNA technology; Techniques for gene transfer in plants and production of transgenic plants; fusion and culture methods; Biotechnology; transgenic plants to combat biotic and abiotic stresses; Bioinformantics and its potential in plant and animal molecular biology; Animal cell culture; Biology of stem cell culture and its therapeutic applications; Current status of biotechnology research in India. Essential Reading : 1. W. J. Thieman and M. A. Palladino, Introduction to Biotechnology, Benjamin Cummings; 2 edition; 2008; ISBN-13: 978-0321491459. Supplementary Reading : 1. M. Wink, An Introduction to Molecular Biotechnology: Molecular Fundamentals, Methods and Applications in Modern Biotechnology, Wiley-VCH, 1 edition, 2006, ISBN-13: 9783527314126. BM 442 VIROLOGY 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction to virology; General properties and classification of viruses; General features of viral replication and genetics; How viruses cause disease;Viruses and cancer; Resistant to infection; The laboratory diagnosis of viral infections; Safety precautions; Hepatitis viruses; Retroviruses and AIDS; Orthomyxovirues and influenza; The herpes viruses; Prion diseases; Antiviral chemotherapy; Control of viral disease by immunization. Essential Reading : 1. L. Collie and J. Oxford , Human Virology , Oxford University Press, Second Edition 2002. Supplementary Reading :

1. N.J. Dimmok et al., Introduction to Modern Virology, Blackwell Science Fifth edition, 2001. 2. L.M. Prescott et al., Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Fifth Edition 2002. BM 444 CANCER BIOLOGY 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Regulation of Cell cycle, mutations that cause changes in signal molecules, effects on receptor, signal switches, tumour suppressor genes, modulation of cell cycle in cancer. Different forms of cancers, Diet and cancer. Chemical Carcinogenesis, Metabolism of Carcinogenesis, Natural History of Carcinogenesis, Targets of Chemical Carcinogenesis ; Principles of Physical Carcinogenesis, X - Ray radiation - mechanism of radiation Carcinogenesis. Oncogenes, Identification of Oncogenes, Retroviruses and Oncogenes, detection of Oncogenes, Growth Factor and Growth Factor receptors that are Oncogenes ; Oncogenes / Proto Oncogene activity. Growth factors related to transformations. Clinical significances of invasion, heterogeneity of metastatic phenotype, Metastatic cascade, Basement Membrane disruption, Three-step theory of Invasion ; Proteinases and tumour cell invasion. Detection of Cancers, Prediction of aggressiveness of Cancer, Advances in Cancer detection. Different forms of therapy, Chemotherapy, radiation Therapy, and Immuno therapy: advantages and limitations. Essential Reading : 1. M. Khan , S. Pelengaris, The Molecular Biology of Cancer, First edition, Wiley-Blackwell, 2006. Supplementary Reading : 1. L. Pecorino, Molecular Biology of Cancer: Mechanisms, Targets, and Therapeutics, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, USA, 2008.

BM 445

FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Scope of Food Biotechnology (What is the difference between food technology and food biotechnology) Tools of the Trade (How biotechnology techniques relate to food?) Recombinant Proteins (Production and applications in food) Plant Biotechnology in Foods (Background) Plant Biotechnology in Foods (Application to food production) Animal Biotechnology in Foods (Overview) Animal Biotechnology in Foods (application to food) Diagnostic Systems (How and Why) Diagnostic Systems (application in food) Cell Culture and Food (Brewing, dairy biotechnology, food additives) Cell Culture and Foods (Microbial products used in food) Industrial Cell culture (Downstream processing) Ethics and safety of food biotechnology products Regulations of food biotechnology. Essential Reading : 1. P. Johnson-Green , Introduction to Food Biotechnology, Publisher; CRC Press, 2002. Supplementary Reading : Publisher: Ilsi Press, September 1995

BM 446

FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction to fermentation : Rate of microbial growth and death. Fermentation kinetics, mass transfer diffusion, membrane transport, dialysis, nutrient uptake. Fermenter design, operation, measurement and control in fermentation. Aeration and agitation in fermentation: Oxygen requirement, measurement of adsorption coefficients, bubble aeration, mechanical agitation, correlation between mass-transfer coefficient and operating variables. Fermentor design, operation measurement and control and types of fermentation sub-merged/solid state. Sterilization-air sterilization, media sterilization. Batch/continuous fermentation, scale up in fermentation. Product recovery. Biological waste treatment and inplant sanitation. Principle and use of biosensor. Production of vitamins, amino acids, organic acids, enzymes and antibiotics, alcohols. Essential Reading : 1. P.P. Stanburry and A. Whitaker, Principles of Fermentation Technology. Pergamon Press, Oxford UK, 1984. Supplementary Reading : 1. K.H. Steinkraus, Handbook of Indigenous Fermented Foods, Marcel Dekker, 1983.

BM 451

ANIMAL CELL CULTURE

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Basics of Cell and Tissue Culture: Laboratory requirements for tissue culture, substrates for cultures, culture media for animal cell cultures, culture procedures and principles, freeze storing of cells and transport of cultures. Characteristics of Cells in Culture: Contact inhibition, anchorage independence/dependence, cell-cell communication, cell senescence. Cell Culture Lines: Definition, development and maintenance, cloning of cell lines, cell synchronization viral sensitivity of cell lines, cell line preservation and characterization, stem cell lines. General Tissue Culture Techniques: Types of tissue cultures, methods of disaggregating primary cultures, primary tissue explantation technique. Organ Culture: Methods, behavior of organ explants and utility of organ culture, whole embryo culture. Methods in Cell Culture: Micro carrier cultures, cell immobilization, animal cell bioreactor, large scale cell cultures for biotechnology, somatic cell fusion, flow cytometry, transfection. Applications of Animal Cell Culture: Use in gene therapy, cloning from short-term cultured cells, cloning from long-term cultured cells, Cloning for production of transgenic animals, cloning for conservation. Essential Reading : 1. RI Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells: A manual of basic technique, 4th Edition, WIELYLISS, 2005. Supplementary Reading : 1. J R. W. Masters, Animal Cell Culture: A Practical Approach, Oxford University Press, 3 edition, 2000.

BM 452

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

4 Credits [3-1-0]

Proteins/Enzymes: Introduction: Amino Acids, Polypeptides; Protein Conformation I ; Protein Conformation II; Enzyme Catalysis, Kinetics and Regulation; Membrane Proteins/Signal Transduction ; Nucleic Acids/Genes/Protein Synthesis: Structure and Function of DNA and

Chromatin; DNA Replication/Repair/Mutations; Gene Transcription and RNA Metabolism; Protein Synthesis/Genetic Code; Regulation of Gene Expression; Recombinant DNA Technology ; Metabolic Profiles of the Major Tissues; Citric Acid Cycle/Oxidative Phosphorylation. Glycolysis and Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Gluconeogenesis/Glycogen Metabolism ; Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism; Lipid Metabolism: Lipid Digestion/Absorption/Lipoprotein Metabolism; Cholesterol Biosynthesis/Reverse Transport/Lipoprotein Disorders; Lipolysis/Fatty Acid Oxidation/Ketone Body Metabolism; Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Triglycerides; Nitrogen Metabolism: Protein Metabolism & Nutrition; Amino Acid/Nucleotide Metabolism. Essential Reading : 1. R. Murray, P. A Mayes, V. W Rodwell and D. K Granner, Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, McGraw Hill Companies, 27th edition, 2006. 2. P. C Champe, R. A Harvey and D. R Ferrier, Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 4 edition, 2007. Supplementary Reading : 1. M.N. Chatterji and M. Schinde, Textbook of Medical Biochemistry, CBS press, 4th edition, 2004. 2. M. Holtzhauer, Basic Methods for the Biochemical Lab (Kindle Edition),Springer 1st edition, 2006. 3. R. N Mallkarajuna, Medical biochemistry, New age international Pvt Ltd, 2002. BM 461 PROTEIN ENGINEERING 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Protein - general introduction, forces that determine protein structure and physicochemical properties. Mechanisms of protein folding, molten globule structure, characterization of folding pathways. Determination of protein structure by various spectroscopic techniques. Background and basic principles, Absorption and Fluorescence, Circular Dichroism, FT-Raman, FT-IR, NMR, X-ray crystallography, MALLS. Thermal properties of proteins and application of DSC. Protein denaturation, aggregation and gelation. Flow properties of proteins and sensory properties of proteinaceous foods. Protein functionality. Protein raw materials- cereals, legume, oil seeds and pseudo cereals. Muscle protein, Milk protein, Egg protein. Protein modification as result of technological processes: thermal, enzymatic, physical, pressure, solvents, interactions. Nutritive role of food proteins. Essential Reading : 1. J L. Cleland and C S. Craik, Protein Engineering: Principles and Practice, Wiley-Liss, ISBN-13: 978-0471103547, 1 edition, February 7, 1996. Supplementary Reading : 1. S Lutz and U T Bornscheuer, Protein Engineering Handbook, Wiley-VCH, ISBN-13: 9783527318506, New edition, January 20, 2009. BM 462 STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 3 Credits [3-0-0]

Levels of structures in Biological macromolecules, Forces that determine Protein and Nucleic acid structure. Polypeptide chains;, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions and water structures; ionic interactions, disulphide bonds. Types of proteins and interactions that govern

protein folding, protein structure, The protein globule and hydrophic interactionsorganized folds, folding mechanisms, membrane proteins, helix-coil transitions, Molecular recognition, supramolecular interactions, Functional importance of Protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. Specific and non-specific DNA-protein complexes. Prediction of protein structure; Nucleic acids; general characteristics of nucleic acid structure, geometric, glycosidic bond rotational isomers backbone rotational isomers and ribose puckering forces stabilizing ordered forms, base pairing, base stacking; tertiary structure of nucleic acids. Biochemical Kinetics studies, uni-molecular reactions, simple bimolecular multiple intermediates, steady state kinetics, catalytic efficiency relaxation spectrometry, ribonuclease as an example. Size and shape of micro molecules: chromophores, transition dipole moments, absorbance, and concentration. circular dichroism: molecular chirality and structural transitions of macromolecules, methods of direct visualization macromolecules as hydrodynamic particles macromolecular diffusion ultra centrifugation viscometry. X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy. Essential Reading : 1. D. L. Nelson and M. M. Cox, Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, W. H. Freeman, Fourth Edition, 2004. 2. K. E van Holde, C. Johnson and P. S. Ho, Principles of Physical Biochemistry, Prentice Hall, Second edition, 2005. Supplementary Reading : 1. P R. Bergethon, The Physical Basis of Biochemistry, The Foundations of Molecular Biophysics, Springer, Corrected edition, 2000.

BM 463

BIOPHYSICS

3 Credits [3-0-0]

Introduction to biophysics, Strong and weak interactions in biomolecules, dielectric properties of biomolecules, electronic properties of biomolecules condctivity, photoconductivity and piezoelectric effect, conformation and configuration of biomolecules. Conformation of proteins and enzymes, effect of amino acids on the structure of proteins, energy status of a protein molecule, helix coil transformation of proteins, structure-function relations of enzymes, cooperative properties of enzymes, dynamics of protein folding; Conformation of nucleic acids, helix coil transformation, thermodynamics of DNA denaturation, Changes in nucleic acid structures during biochemical processes ; Methods for study of biomolecule structure -- X-ray crystallography, optical, uv and ir spectroscopy, luminescence, fluorescence, magnetic resonance and electron microscopy. Essential Reading : 1. R Glaser, Biophysics, Springer, 2004. Supplementary Reading : 1. P Nelson and W. H. Freeman, Biological Physics, Updated Edition, 1st edition, 2007. BM 481 ANIMAL CELL CULTURE LABORATORY 2 Credits [0-0-3]

1. Media preparation, Sterilization and Handling. 2. Cell counts and Cell viability/ Use of Hemocytometer. 3. Culturing and sub-culturing of suspension cells.

4. 5. 6. 7.

Culturing and sub-culturing of anchorage dependent cells: trypsinization. Growth Curve and growth parameters. Establishing a primary culture from chicken embryo. Transfection of animal cells with plasmid DNA by heat shock and electroporation.