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April 2011
Total capital raised in Q111 was slightly lower (US$46.1 billion) than Q110 (US$53.6 billion) and significantly lower than Q410 (US$131.5 billion):
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Global IPO volume reached US$46.1 billion in 290 deals in Q111. This was 14% lower than the US$53.6 billion raised in the first quarter of 2010.
US financial sponsor backed IPO listings drove global IPO activity in Q111. New York Stock Exchange led among world exchanges by capital raised (US$13.8 billion in 16 deals), taking the lead for the first time in two years. The last few weeks of Q111 saw choppy stock markets spiked by the Japanese disaster and Middle East political unrest, which slowed down the overall pace of global IPO activity, particularly in EMEIA. January 2011 global capital raised was the largest for that month on record (US$13.4 billion from 109 deals surpassing the US$12.2 billion from 87 deals in January 2010). The top three IPOs accounted for 28% of the first three months global capital raised.
Hong Kongs Hutchison Port Holding Trust raised US$5.4 billion which constituted 12% of global capital raised in Q111. It is the largest IPO listed on Singapore Stock Exchange on record (topping the October 2010 Singaporean Global Logistic Properties listing worth US$3.0 billion. It is the largest IPO so far this year. This quarter saw the largest Private Equity (PE) backed IPO ever: the US$4.3 billion IPO of the Americas largest hospital chain operator, HCA Holdings Inc in March on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). It is the second largest IPO this quarter. The third largest IPO in Q111 was the US$3.3 billion IPO of US energy company Kinder Morgan Inc. It is also the third largest PE backed IPO ever.
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Emerging markets made up around 72% by global number of deals and 65% by amount of capital raised in Q111:
Of the top 10 IPOs (by capital raised), 6 deals were from emerging countries. Of the top 20 IPOs, 12 deals were from emerging countries.
BRIC markets recorded 129 deals and US$21.0 billion, or 45.5% of total capital raised in Q111. This compares with US$26.3 billion and 136 deals in Q110. In first three months of 2010, Asian issuers continue to dominate global IPO activity. The region accounted for 57% of dollar volume or US$26.4 billion in 164 deals. Greater Chinese issuers dominated, bolstered by solid economic fundamentals and market liquidity. Greater China issuers alone made up around 52% of global fundraising:
Greater Chinese issuers raised US$23.9 billion in 111 deals a 21% increase in total proceeds from Q110.
US exchanges raised 32% of global proceeds, 84% by capital raised are backed by PE and VC firms:
US exchanges (NYSE, NASDAQ and AMEX) raised 32% of global proceeds, or a total of US$15.0 billion in 34 deals. NYSE took the lead among exchanges for the first time in two years. There were 16 deals which raised US$13.8 billion in Q111. This represents a 286% increase in capital raised from Q110. PE and VC sponsored deals made up 59% by number of US new issuances and 84% by capital raised. There were 14 PE backed IPO deals worth US$12.1 billion.
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Central & South American issuers raised 5.8% of global capital raised, led by Brazil.
Issuers from Central & South America US$2.7 billion in 7 deals (2.4% of global deal number).
Brazil conducted 5 IPOs, raising US$2.1 billion as local companies tapped the stock exchange to finance expansion plans.
European exchanges raises 5.4% of global proceeds, led by Norway and UK:
Due to market volatility exacerbated by the euro zone sovereign debt crisis, Japanese disaster and Middle East political unrest, European exchanges launched 51 IPOs worth US$2.5 billion. While there was a 6% increase by number of deals in Q111 compared to Q110, capital raised decreased by 70% from Q111 to Q110. Olso Bors led Europe in fundraising with US$1.3 billion raised in 3 IPO offerings. Polish exchanges launched the second highest number of IPOs globally with 34 deals worth US$151m. UK exchanges raised US$463 million through 4 deals.
Issuers from the Middle East raised US$57 million in 6 IPOs. The Middle East and Africa IPO market were relatively quiet in Q111.
Nine IPOs expected to raised around US$4.7 billion altogether were postponed or withdrawed in EMEA during March 2011. This was the largest monthly estimated volume since October 2008.
There were 5 deals with capital raised above US$1 billion in the first 3 months of 2011, compared to 9 deals in Q110. Of the 5 deals, 3 were from US issuers while the other 2 deals were from Greater China issuers.
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Globally, PE firms exited 21 companies via IPO, raising around US$13.5 billion (29.2% of total funds raised). US PE backed IPO listings drove global IPO activity in Q111. There were 11 IPOs which raised US$11.5 billion, this was around 25% of global capital raised in Q111. VC backed firms exited 18 companies through an IPO, worth US$1.5b (3.3%). Q111 saw two of the three largest PE-backed ever. The largest PE-backed IPO ever is the US$4.3 billion IPO of the Americas largest hospital chain operator, HCA Holdings Inc in March on New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The China Pacific Insurance US$4.1 billion IPO in 2007 is now the second place. The third largest PE backed IPO ever was also launched in Q111. It was the US$3.3 billion IPO of US energy company Kinder Morgan Inc.
Global SOE privatization accounted for 5 IPOs worth US$1.5 billion. This was 2% of global deals and 3% of total capital raised in the first three months of 2011.
Of the five privatization deals, three deals from Chinese issuers, one deal each from Indonesia and Bangladesh.
While price-sensitive investors grew more cautious after mixed performances of some high-profile debuts, 85% of global IPOs in Q111 priced within their initial filing range compared to a historical 10 year average of 74.3%. Only 8% of IPOs priced below their initial price, while 7% priced above.
Around 9 out of 10 global IPOs** priced within or above their initial filing range in Q111:
*Financial sponsor backed IPOs refer to private equity backed IPO deals. A financial sponsor is defined by data provider, Dealogic as a private equity investment firm that acquires existing and operating companies through a leveraged or management buyout, engages in restructuring activities for the acquired companies and eventually monetizes its positions through a sale of equity, recapitalization, secondary buyout or trade sale. **Analysis focus on open-price IPOs with deal value above US$50 million that is priced above, below or within their initial filing range
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Follow-on offerings:
There were 1,283 follow on offerings globally, which raised US$143 billion in Q111. This constitute 67% of global Equity capital markets activity. Q111s three largest follow on deals are:
The US$6.9 billion listing by Japanese bank Resona Holdings on Tokyo and Osaka Stock Exchanges in January. USs MetLife Inc US$6.3 billion listing on New York Stock Exchange in early March. Russias VTB Bank US$3.3 billion listing on London and Russian exchanges in February.
In the first quarter of 2011, there were 24 deals with capital raised above US$1 billion 18 were from developed markets, 6 were from emerging markets. 68 IPOs have been postponed or withdrawn in Q111 compared with 45 deals put on hold or withdrawn during Q110, according to Dealogic. Globally, there were 30 postponed or withdrawed IPO deals in March 2011:
Withdrawals/postponements:
Of the 30 deals, 10 deals was from China, while US had four deals and Japan had three deals. Of the 30 deals, 7 deals were financial sponsor backed deals.
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Industry analysis
Exchange analysis
By number of IPOs
Asia Pacific continues to be the leading region with 65.2% market share. EMEA and North America regions had 19.3% and 13.1% market share respectively. Central & South America had 2.4% market share. Greater China, Poland and US were market share leaders with 111, 31 and 27 IPOs respectively.
The top three sectors accounted for 58% of total value: industrials (US$ 12.6b), energy (US$7.9b) and health care (US$6.2b). The leading sectors by number of deals were materials (60 IPOs); industrials (48); and high technology (35).
Due to demand for Chinese high growth companies and attractive pricing, Shenzhen Stock Exchange was the most active by number of deals, with 78 deals (26.9% of total numbers). Warsaws NewConnect saw 29 deals (10.0%), and the Australian Securities exchange hosted 26 deals (9.0%).
By capital raised
By capital raised
Asia Pacific was the market share leader with 57.7% in Q111. North America and Central & South America were ranked second and third with 31.7% and 5.8% market share respectively, while EMEA had 4.8%. Greater China, US and Brazil issuers were market share leaders in Q111 with 52% (US$23.9b), 31.4% (US$14.5b) and 4.5% (US$2.1b) respectively.
The NYSE, buoyed by the HCA Holdings , Kinder Morgan Inc and Nielsen Holdings listings (the second, third and fourth largest deals globally in Q111), raised US$13.8b in 16 IPOS (29.8% of global proceeds). Shenzhen Stock exchange ranked second, raising US$11.2b (24.3%) while Singapore Stock Exchange came in third, raising US$5.6b (12.2%), due to hosting this quarters largest IPO.
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18 of the top 20 listed on their home exchange (as their primary exchange). Two of the top 20 that listed on a foreign exchange:
Hong Kongs transportation conglomerate, Hutchison Port Holdings which listed on Singapore Stock Exchange. Argentinas agricultural company Adecoagro SA which listed on New York Stock Exchange.
The top 10 IPOs together raised US$20.5 billion which represents about 44% of global proceeds. The top 20 IPOs together raised US$25.9 billion which represents about 56% of global proceeds. Greater China was the source of 8 of the top 20 IPOs in Q111, while US was the source of 7 deals:
Other IPOs in top 20 were from Brazil, Norway, Indonesia, South Korea and Argentina, each country accounted for 1 deal each.
The minimum deal value required to make the top 20 was US$ 361 million in Q111, compared to the US$420 million in Q110.
The minimum deal value to join the global Top 10 Club was US$713 million compared to US$982 million in Q110. The energy and industrials sectors generated five and four IPOs respectively:
While financials generated three deals and consumer staples and materials had two deals. Consumer products and services, health care, real estate and technology sectors generated one IPO each respectively.
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2.500 1837 1883 1.520 1.552 1372 1042 876 847 812 769 577 500 0 1.000 2014 1796 1393 2.000 1.500 Number of IPOs
1748
2006
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2007
2008
2009
Number of deals
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2010
140
608
700
574 457 385 339 339 327 364 360 355 253 409 442 395 274 297 293 314 302 290 473 603
600
484
400 300
164
78 52 82 146
200 100 0
$29 $33 $29 $39 $29 $39 $38 $74 $39 $66 $49 $112 $37 $95 $59 $105 $41 $39 $13 $2
Q1'06
Q1'09
Q1'04
Q2'04
Q3'04
Q4'04
Q1'05
Q2'05
Q3'05
Q4'05
Q2'06
Q3'06
Q4'06
Q1'07
Q2'07
Q3'07
Q4'07
Q1'08
Q2'08
Q3'08
Q4'08
Q2'09
Q3'09
Q4'09
Q1'10
Q2'10
Q3'10
Q4'10
Number of deals
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Q1'11
Number of IPOs
500
178
163
107
128 82 92 109 86
100 80 60 40
20
$27 $13 $12 $21
Jun'10
Jul'10
May'10
Number of deals
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Nov'10
Mar'11
Jan'10
Apr'10
Jan'11
Oct'10
Number of IPOs
140
Global IPO activity: distribution of IPOs by world region (by number of deals)
Q110
North America 14% Central & South America 2% North America 13%
Q111
Central & South America 3%
Europe, Middle East and Africa 21% AsiaPacific 63% North America 14% Central & South America 3%
Q410
Q111 Global IPO Update
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Global IPO activity: distribution of IPOs by world region (by capital raised)
Q110
North America 10% Central & South America 6%
Q111
Central & South America 6%
AsiaPacific 65%
Q410
Q111 Global IPO Update
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63
65
21
19
14
13
200
184
189
$40 $36
150
$30 $27
100
50
0
Asia-Pacific EMEA Q1'10 North America Central and South America Q1'11
$0
Asia-Pacific EMEA Q1'10 North America Q1'11 Central and South America
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Asia-Pacific
Gr. China* Australia South Korea India Japan Malaysia Singapore Indonesia Sri Lanka 38.3% (111) 8.6% (25) 4.8% (14) 3.4% (10) 2.4% (7) 2.4% (7) 1.7% (5) 1.4% (4) 0.7% (2)
3%
Developing countries made up 72% of the number of deals globally and 65% of the total global capital raised. BRICs together raised US$21.0 billion (46% of total capital raised) in 121 deals (42% of total deal numbers).
*Greater China includes Mainland China (105 deals), Hong Kong (5) and Taiwanese (1) issuers. Based on the listed company domicile country Source: Dealogic, Thomson Financial, Ernst & Young
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Asia-Pacific
Gr. China* South Korea Indonesia India Japan Australia Singapore Laos 52% ($23.9b) 2.0% ($0.9b) 1.3% ($0.6b) 0.6% ($0.3b) 0.4% ($0.2b) 0.4% ($0.2b) 0.4% ($0.2b) 0.3% ($0.1b)
32%
5% 57%
6%
Of the 5 deals with capital raised above US$1 billion, 2 were from emerging markets. Six of the top 10 IPOs and 12 of the top 20 IPOs (by capital raised) were from emerging countries.
*Greater China includes Mainland China (US$18.3b), Hong Kong ($5.5b) and Taiwanese ($12m) issuers . Based on the listed company domicile country Source: Dealogic, Thomson Financial, Ernst & Young
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20%
15%
10%
7%
9% 6%
8% 6% 7%
9% 6% 6% 4% 5% 3% 4% 2% 3% 2% 1%
5% 0%
Industrials Materials
Consumer staples
Technology
Q1'11
Source: Dealogic, Thomson Financial, Ernst & Young
Q1'10
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Telecommunications
Energy
Retail
Health care
Real estate
Financials
30% 25%
27%
21%
20%
15%
15% 10% 5% 0%
Industrials Energy
4%
9%
7% 6% 2%
6%
6%
3%
4%
3%
5% 3% 3% 1% 0.1%
3%
1%
Telecommunications
Q1'11
Source: Dealogic, Thomson Financial, Ernst & Young
Q1'10
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Technology
Real estate
Materials
Consumer staples
Health care
Financials
Retail
Exchange
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZE)** Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX) Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) Hong Kong Exchanges & Clearing Limited (HKEx) Sao Paulo Stock Exchange (BOVESPA) Oslo Bors NASDAQ Korea Stock Exchange (KRX) Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)
Global total
290
100.0%
Global total
$46,143
100.0%
*Data based on domicile of the exchange, regardless of the listed company domicile **Shenzhen Stock Exchange includes listings on Mainboard (SME) and ChiNext
Source: Dealogic, Thomson Financial, Ernst & Young
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Exchange
92
87 82 76 71 62 56 42 40 464
6.6%
6.2% 5.9% 5.5% 5.1% 4.4% 4.0% 3.0% 2.9% 33.4%
Hong Kong Exchanges & Clearing Ltd (HKEx) Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZE)** New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) London Stock Exchange (LSE) NASDAQ Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) Korea Stock Exchange (KRX) All other exchanges
Global total
1393
100.0%
Global total
*Data based on domicile of the exchange, regardless of the listed company domicile **Shenzhen Stock Exchange includes listings on Mainboard (SME) and ChiNext
Source: Dealogic, Thomson Financial, Ernst & Young
$284,607
100.0%
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573
100
$130
2009
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Number of deals
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2010
182
200
136 123
132
150
91 93
73 49 57
100
10 0
50
$4 $6 $3 $5 $4 $8 $4 $15 $7 $18 $18 $44 $13 $37 $28 $43 $13 $11 $3 $0 $0 $7 $23 $35 $26 $20 $42 $42 $21
Q4'10
Q1'10
Q2'10
Q3'10
Number of deals
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Q1'11
Q207
Q104
Q204
Q304
Q404
Q105
Q205
Q305
Q405
Q106
Q206
Q306
Q406
Q107
Q307
Q407
Q108
Q208
Q308
Q408
Q109
Q209
Q309
Q409
Number of IPOs
121
Hutchison Port Holdings Trust HCA Holdings Inc Kinder Morgan Inc
Port and harbour operator and provider of warehousing services Operator of hospitals and surgery centers Transportation and storage of natural gas, refined petroleum and crude petroleum
5,454 Singapore 4,354 New York 3,294 New York PE backed IPO PE backed IPO
Jan
Nielsen Holdings NV
US
An information and measurement Consumer products company that provides data on and services consumers preferences and behavior Industrials Renewable energy company engaged in developing, designing, manufacturing and marketing largescale wind turbines Oil and gas exploration company Commercial bank Aluminum product manufacturer Specializing in customized financial solutions through financial leasing Engaged in manufacturing, distributing casual wear and children's clothing, including fashion design
PE backed IPO
Jan
China
1,435 Shanghai
QGEP Participacoes SA BankUnited Inc China Hongqiao Group Ltd Far East Horizon Ltd Zhejiang Semir Garment Co Ltd
905 BOVESPA 900 New York 817 Hong Kong 757 Hong Kong PE backed IPO PE backed IPO
Mar
China
Consumer staples
713 Shenzhen
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China Hainan Rubber Industry Group Co Ltd Aker Drilling ASA American Assets Trust Inc Pacific Drilling SA Apollo Global Management LLC PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Hyundai Wia Corp Inner Mongolia Junzheng Energy & Chemical Industry Co Ltd Shanghai Great Wisdom Co Ltd Adecoagro SA
Natural rubber planting and processing company Drilling company Real Estate Investment Trust that owns, operates, acquires and develops retail and office properties Ultra-deepwater drilling contractor Private equity investment firm State-owned air carrier A motor vehicle part manufacturer Engaged in power production, power supply, heat production and supply Engaged in developing and producing information technology in financial products
711 Shanghai 691 Oslo 648 New York 600 Oslo 565 New York 524 Jakarta 466 Korea 456 Shanghai
Former SOE
Former SOE
Jan
China
Technology
388 Shanghai
Jan
Argentina
Consumer Staples
Agricultural company engaged in the production of crops and other agricultural products
Total capital raised by top 20 IPOs: Total global capital raised in Q111: % of top 20: Q111 Global IPO Update
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250
200
Number of deals
198 185 205 154 102 72 65 93 63 28 21 9 10 21 32 65 39 29 5 1 12 2 24 2 7 3 3 21 2 6 74 18 6 17 5 101 115 118 133 144 124 124
150
237
100
50
53
20
18 5 14
12 7
21 13 15 6 26
10 19 21 20
16 14
3 1
24 4
17 6
25 11
11 10
Q1'05
Q3'07
Q2'10
Q2'05
Q3'05
Q4'05
Q1'06
Q2'06
Q3'06
Q4'06
Q1'07
Q2'07
Q4'07
Q1'08
Q2'08
Q3'08
Q4'08
Q1'09
Q2'09
Q3'09
Q4'09
Q1'10
Q3'10
Q4'10
Above
Source: Dealogic
Below
In range
*Chart shows the number of open-price IPOs with deal value above US$50 that is priced above, below or within their initial filing range
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Q1'11
50
45
51
50
57
59
51
53
69
78
62
67
6.000
900 800 Capital raised (US$b) 700 600 500 400 300 200 1.642 1.683 1.970 1.283 2.777 3.442 3.541 2.765 3.998 5.058 4.663 5.026
100
$325 $215 $194 $247 $337 $381 $433 $552 $553 $842 $640 $143
2002
2000
2001
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Number of deals
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Q1' 2011
Appendix: definitions
The data presented in the Ernst & Young Global IPO trends 2011 report and Quarterly Global IPO update and press releases are from Dealogic, Thomson Financial and Ernst & Young. For the purposes of these reports and press releases, we focus only on IPOs of operating companies and define an IPO as follows:
This report includes only those IPOs for which Dealogic, Thomson Financial and Ernst & Young offer data regarding the issue date (the day the offer is priced and allocations are subsequently made), trading date (the date on which the security first trades) and proceeds (funds raised, including any overallottment sold). Postponed IPOs or those which have not yet been priced are therefore excluded. Over-the-counter (OTC) listings are also excluded. In an attempt to exclude non-operating company IPOs such as trusts, funds and special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs), companies with the following Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes are excluded:
6091: Financial companies that conduct trust, fiduciary and custody activities 6371: Asset management companies such as health and welfare funds, pension funds and their third-party administration as well as other financial vehicles 6722: Companies that are open-end investment funds 6726: Companies that are other financial vehicles 6732: Companies that are grant-making foundations 6733: Asset management companies that deal with trusts, estates and agency accounts 6799: Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) We also applied the above SIC exclusion criteria for the follow on activity analysis.
In our analysis, unless stated otherwise, IPOs are attributed to the domicile nation of the company undertaking an IPO. The primary exchange on which they are listed is as defined by Dealogic, Thomson Financial and Ernst & Young research. A foreign listing is where the stock exchange nation of the company is different from the company's domicile nation (i.e., issuers nation). For IPO listings on HKEx, SSE, SZE, WSE, NewConnect, TSX and TSX-V exchanges, we use their first trading date in place of issue date.
Q111 Global IPO Update
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This publication contains information in summary form and is therefore intended for general guidance only. It is not intended to be a substitute for detailed research or the exercise of professional judgment. Neither EYGM Limited nor any other member of the global Ernst & Young organization can accept any responsibility for loss occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of any material in this publication. On any specific matter, reference should be made to the appropriate advisor.