AIX-to-Linux Quick Start Comparison

Modified from a more-complete UNIXguide.net page. Man Pages Directory Mappings User Accounts General Commands Printers TCP/IP System Files LVM Commands Miscellaneous Commands Software Devices AFS Other References

Directory Mappings Root File System Home Directories O.S. Executables Temporary Space
/ /home /usr /tmp

AIX
/dev/hd4 /dev/hd1 /dev/hd2 /dev/hd3 /dev/hd9var /dev/hd5 /

RedHat Linux
/dev/sda2 if SCSI /dev/hda2 if IDE

/home is in Root File System /usr is in Root File System /tmp is in Root File System /var is in Root File System /boot /dev/sda1 if SCSI /dev/hda1 if IDE

System Variable Data /var Boot Paging

Logical Volume type="paging" Partition Id=82="Linux swap"

See also the Filesystem Hierachy Standard (FHS) for a fuller discussion of the "proper" UNIX file system hierarchy. Linux has three sets of apparently duplicate directories; /bin & /usr/bin, /sbin & /usr/sbin, and /lib & /usr/lib. This can be a source of confusion. Under AIX for example, ksh is the default shell and it's normal to see #!/usr/bin/ksh in the first line of a ksh script. Under Linux, bash (the Bourne-Again Shell) is the default shell and ksh is NOT in /usr/bin/ksh, leading one to believe Linux does not have ksh. Not true. Under Linux, ksh is at /bin/ksh. (Actually, since /bin is a link to /usr/bin under AIX, ksh is also at /bin/ksh, so to make bilinugual scripts, #!/bin/ksh is best.) The reason for these apparently duplicate directories is, in the initial boot phases or when Linux boots into single-user mode (which is the same thing), only the root file system is mounted. It's true that by default, /usr is in the root file system, but it may not be. It might be configured in its own partition or even NFS mounted from another machine in R/O mode. Given this, everything needed to boot Linux or will be needed to repair a broken system, needs to be in the root file system. Yet to keep the root file system as small as possible, all non-essential files are kept under /usr. This is also why they say that those 5 directories (/bin, /sbin, /etc, /dev, and /lib) must be in the root partition.

User Accounts Password Files Allow/Deny root's Remote telnet Login

AIX
/etc/passwd /etc/security/passwd rlogin=true in /etc/security/user stanza /etc/passwd /etc/shadow

RedHat Linux

Comment out securetty line in /etc/pam.d/login

Recover root's Password

At grub boot loader screen, press "e" to edit, Boot from CD or Tape, select "kernel" line Installation/Maintenance press "e" to edit, Start Limited Shell Add " s" at end of line getrootfs hdisk0 press <Enter> to accept changes, vi /etc/security/passwd press "b" to boot, at shell prompt, passwd root useradd userdel The same as their userid, both name and number. E.G. User Name=jasper, User ID=10167, Group Name=jasper, Group ID=10167

Create new user mkuser Delete user Default User Group

rmuser staff=Group ID 1

General Commands Absolute Path tar ping Broadcast Address Admin Helpers

AIX
tar cvf foo.tar /etc/passwd ping -c 1 10.224.88.255 smit or smitty top

RedHat Linux
tar Pcvf foo.tar /etc/passwd ping -b -c 1 10.224.88.255 41 redhat-config-* programs in /usr/sbin & /usr/bin top lsof sar sysstat iostat sysstat dmesg free

Performance Monitor lsof

monitor

System Activity Reporter I/O Statistics

sar iostat

Boot-Time Error Log alog -o -t boot Display Swap Size

lsps -a

Printers Printer Queues Control Print Server Daemon

/etc/qconfig

AIX
startsrc -s lpd stopsrc -s lpd lssrc -s lpd enq lp lpr qprt

RedHat Linux
/var/spool/lpd/lp/* service cups start service cups stop service cups status lpr

Submit Print Jobs

LP Statistics

Remove Print Jobs Add Printer Queue Remove Printer Queue Default Printer

enq -A lpq lpstat qchk cancel lprm qcan enq -x smit mkpq smit rmpq First Stanza in /etc/qconfig export LPDEST="pq"

lpq

lprm redhat-config-printer printtool

TCP/IP Name Service Switch Network Parameters Secondary IP Address Login Prompt/Herald

AIX
/etc/netsvc.conf no -a ifconfig en0 alias w.x.y.z /etc/security/login.cfg

RedHat Linux
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth* /etc/nsswitch.conf sysctl -a | grep net modprobe ip_alias ifconfig eth0:1 w.x.y.z /etc/issue

Network IP Configuration lsattr -E -l inet0

System Files Max File System Size Max File Size

AIX
128 GB 64 GB 2 TB 2 GB 8192 GB

RedHat Linux

NFS Client Mounted Directories /etc/xtab /var/lib/nfs/xtab

(512-byte block size) (8-KB block size)

LVM Commands Filesystem Table Device Listing Disk Information LVM Concepts
lsdev -C

AIX
/etc/filesystems

RedHat Linux
/etc/fstab cat /proc/devices cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model Logical Extents Logical Volume ext3 reiserfs None vgdisplay -v pvchange pvcreate

bootinfo -s hdisk# Partition Volume

Journal File System Type Default Volume Group Display Volume Group Modify Physical Volume Prepare Physical Disk

jfs /dev/rootvg lsvg -l rootvg chpv mkdev -c disk -l hdisk#

List Physical Volume Remove disk from volume group Move logical volumes to another physical volumes Create volume group Remove Volume Group Volume Group Availability Restore Volume Group Export/Import Volume Group List Volume Groups Change Logical Volume Characteristics List Logical Volumes Make Logical Volume Extend Logical Volume Reduce Logical Volume Remove Logical Volume Prepare Boot Volumes Extend File System Reduce/Split Mirrors Merge Mirrors Create Mirrors Add Mirrors Create Striped Volumes System Recovery Tape Backup Restore

lspv reducevg migratepv mkvg varyoffvg exportvg chvg varyonvg varyoffvg importvg exportvg/importvg lsvg chlv lslv mklv extendlv AIX Reduce LV Procedure rmlv

pvdisplay vgreduce pvmove vgcreate vgremove vgchange vgcfgrestore vgexport/vgimport vgscan lvchange lvdisplay lvcreate lvextend lvreduce lvremove grub-install /dev/sda2 if SCSI grub-install /dev/hda2 if IDE

bootlist -m normal

chfs -a size=# fs-name resize2fs (# is 512-byte blocks) rmlvcopy lvsplit lvmerge mklv -c 2 mklvcopy lv 2 mklv -u 3 -S 64K mksysb -i /dev/rmt0 savevg -i rootvg restvg tar cvf /dev/rst0 / tar xvf /dev/rst0 lvcreate -i 3 -I 64

Miscellaneous Commands Startup script Kernel Kernel Parameters

/etc/rc

AIX
/etc/rc.d/rc

RedHat Linux

/usr/lib/boot/unix_up lsattr -E -l sys0 no -a

/boot/vmlinuz (compressed) /boot/vmlinux (uncompressed) sysctl -a cd /usr/src/linux

Reconfigure the Kernel

chdev -l sys0 -a

make mrproper make menuconfig make dep make clean make bzImage make install make modules make modules_install cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.2.16 cd /boot mv initrd-2.4.21-20.ELsmp initrd-2.4.2120.ELsmp.save mkinitrd initrd-2.4.21-20.ELsmp $(uname -r) vi /boot/grub/grub.conf

List modules Load module Unload module Initialize System Physical RAM Kernel Bits Crash Utility Trace System Calls OS Level Run Level Tape Control Core Dump Files Timezone Management NTP Daemon

genkex

lsmod insmod rmmod

install_assist bootinfo -r bootinfo -K crash syscalls oslevel who -r tctl /var/adm/ras /etc/environment /etc/profile /etc/ntp.conf startsrc -s xntpd stopsrc -s xntpd lssrc -s xntpd

netconf free getconf WORD_BIT lcrash strace uname -r runlevel mt

/etc/sysconfig/clock /etc/ntp.conf service xntpd start service ntpd stop service ntpd status

Software Install Software a Uninstall Software List Installed Software

AIX
installp rpm -i package

RedHat Linux

installp rpm -e package u lslpp -L all rpm -qa

Verify Installed lppchk -v rpm -V package Software List Files List Installed
lslpp -f fileset rpm -ql package

Patches Package Owner Rescan SCSI Bus

instfix -i lslpp -w path rpm -qf file /var/lib/rpm echo "scsi add-single-device 0 1 2 3" > /proc/scsi/scsi will reprobe for a single device only on Card 0, Channel 1, Device 2, Lun 3, and add it if it is found

SW Directory /usr/lpp
cfgmgr

Devices Install Devices Remove Device Device Drivers CPU List Terminal Diagnostics Whole Disk CDROM Rewinding Tape Drive Floppy Drive

AIX
cfgmgr -v rmdev -l lscfg

RedHat Linux
/dev/MAKEDEV

lsdev -Cc processor cat /proc/cpuinfo lsdev -Cc tty diag /dev/hdisk# /dev/cd0 lspci pnpdump /dev/sda /dev/cdrom iso9660 /dev/rst0 /dev/nrst0 /dev/fd0 { c 9 0} { c 9 128 }

CDROM File System Type cdrfs

/dev/rmt0

Non-rewinding Tape Drive /dev/rmt0.1

/dev/rfd0

AFS

AIX
www.openafs.org Should be defined as its own Same.

RedHat Linux

Code Source IBM Transarc's Lab AFS Cache file system before /usr/vice/cache installing AFS. 100MB is
minimum. 1GB is better.

Install Directions

mkdir /tmp/afs cd /tmp/afs scp -p jasper@jasper:/afs/d/software/base/linux/openafs1.2.11/* . rpm -ivh *rpm cd /tmp vi /usr/vice/etc/cacheinfo and set the cache size ftp jasper to 95% of the number of 1K blocks of cd /usr/vice/cache. 95% of 1GB (my standard), is /afs/d/software/base/AFS_3.6 953850. get afsinstall.sh vi /usr/vice/etc/ThisCell get afsclient-42.tar set the cell name to delphion.com. quit vi /usr/vice/etc/CellServDB chmod +x afsinstall.sh replace all existing lines with ./afsinstall.sh afsclient>delphion.com # Thomson-Delphion 42.tar 10.224.88.241 #afs1.delphion.com rm afsinstall.sh afsclientTo start AFS, service afs start

42.tar

To allow AFS-authenticated logins, ftp's, etc, cd /etc/pam.d cp -p system-auth system-auth.Before.AFS cp -p --reply=yes /tmp/afs/system-auth systemauth rm -rf /tmp/afs i386_linux24 /local -> /afs/d/@sys/local /u -> /afs/d/u

@sys (fs sysname) DelphionStandard Links

rs_aix42 /local -> /afs/d/@sys/local /u -> /afs/d/u /usr/afsws -> /afs/d/@sys/usr/afsws

Other References FAQ Online Manual

AIX-FAQ

AIX
AIX 4.3 Books

RedHat Linux
Linux FAQ Linux Documentation Project

Technical Support RS/6000 TechSupport Red Hat support Phone Number Free Software Certification
1-800-CALL-AIX Bull www.ibm.com 1-888-REDHAT1 Linux Software Map RHCT & RHCE