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HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)

1

Section A

1. Find the coefficient of
5
x in the expansion of
9
(2 ) x .
(4 marks)

2. Consider the following system of linear equation in x, y, z

7 7 0
3 0
2 0
x y z
x ky z
x y kz
+ =

+ =

+ + =

, where k is a real number.


If the system has non-trivial solutions, find the two possible values of k.
(4 marks)

3. Prove by mathematical induction that 4 15 1
n
n + is divisible by 9 for all positive integers n.
(5 marks)

4. (a) Let tan x = , show that
2
2
sin 2
1
x
x
=
+
.
(b) Using (a), find the greatest value of
2
2
(1 )
1
x
x
+
+
, where x is real.
(5 marks)

5. (a) It is given that cos( 1) cos( 1) cos x x k x + + = for any real x. Find the value of k.
(b) Without using a calculator, find the value of
cos1 cos 2 cos3
cos 4 cos5 cos 6
cos7 cos8 cos9
.
(6 marks)

6. Find
1 d
dx x
| |
|
\ .
from the first principle.
(4 marks)


HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
2

7. Let ( ) (sin cos )
x
f x e x x = +
(a) Find '( ) f x and ''( ) f x .
(b) Find the value of x such that ''( ) '( ) ( ) 0 f x f x f x + = .
(4 marks)

8. (a) Using integration by substitution, find
2
4
dx
x
}
.
(b) Using integration by parts, find ln xdx
}
.
(5 marks)

9. Find the equations of the two tangents to the curve
2 2
2 1 0 x xy y = which are parallel to
the straight line 2 1 y x = + .
(5 marks)

10. (a) Find
2
x
xe dx

}
.
(b)







In Figure 1, the shaded region is bounded by the curves
2
2
x
y = and
2
x
y e

= , where
1 2 x s s . Find the volume of the solid generated by revolving the shaded region about
the y-axis.
(5 marks)


HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
3

Section B

11. Let
1 0
A
+ | |
=
|
\ .
where and are distinct numbers. Let I be the 2 2
identity matrix.
(a) Show that
2
( ) A A I = + .
(2 marks)

(b) Using (a), or otherwise, show that
2
( ) ( )( ) A I A I = and
2
( ) ( )( ) A I A I = .
(3 marks)

(c) Let ( ) X s A I = and ( ) Y t A I = where s and t are real numbers.
Suppose A X Y = + .
(i) Find s and t in terms of and .
(ii) For any positive integer n, prove that
( )
n
n
X A I

and ( )
n
n
Y A I

.
(iii) For any positive integer n, express
n
A in the form of pA qI + , where p and q are
real numbers.
[Note: It is known that for any 2 2 matrices H and K, if
0 0
0 0
HK KH
| |
= =
|
\ .
,
then ( )
n n n
H K H K + = + for any positive integer n.]
(9 marks)









HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
4

12.

Let OA = i

, OB = j

and OC = + + i j k

(see Figure 2).


Let M and N be the points on the straight lines AB and OC respectively such that
: : (1 ) AM MB a a = and : : (1 ) ON NC b a = , where 0 1 a < < and 0 1 b < < .
Suppose that MN is perpendicular to both AB and OC.
(a) (i) Show that ( 1) ( ) MN a b b a b = + + + i j k

.
(ii) Find the values of a and b.
(iii) Find the shortest distance between the straight lines AB and OC.
(8 marks)

(b) (i) Find AB AC

.
(ii) Let G be the projection of O on the plane ABC, find the coordinates of the
intersecting point of the two straight lines OG and MN.
(5 marks)






HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
5

13. (a) Let ( ) f x be an odd function for p x p s s , where p is a positive constant.
Prove that
2
0
( ) 0
p
f x p dx =
}
.
Hence evaluate
| |
2
0
( )
p
f x p q dx +
}
, where q is a constant.
(4 marks)

(b) Prove that
3 tan
1 3 tan 6
2
3 tan
6
x
x
x

| |
+
|
+
\ .
=
| |

|
\ .
.
(2 marks)

(c) Using (a) and (b), or otherwise, evaluate
( )
3
0
ln 1 3 tan x dx

+
}
.
(4 marks)




14. (a)

In Figure 3, the shaded region enclosed by the circle
2 2
25 x y + = , the x-axis and the
straight line y = h (where 0 5 h s s ) is revolved about the y-axis. Show that the volume
of the solid of revolution is
3
25
3
h
h
| |

|
\ .
.
(2 marks)

HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
6

14. (cont)

(b) In Figure 4, an empty coffee cup consists of two portions. The lower portion is in the
shape of the solid described in (a) with height 4 cm. The upper portion is a frustum of
a circular cone. The height of the frustum is 8 cm. The radius of the top if the cup is 6
cm. Hot coffee is poured into the cup to a depth h cm at a rate of 8 cm
3
s
-1
, where
0 12 h s s . Let V cm
3
be the volume of coffee in the cup.
(i) Find the rate of increase of the depth of coffee when the depth is 3 cm.
(ii) Show that
4
164 3
( 4)
3 64
V h

= + + for 4 12 h s s .
(iii) After the cup is fully filled, suddenly it cracks at the bottom. The coffee leaks at
a rate of 2 cm
3
s
-1
. Find the rate of decrease of the depth of coffee after 15
seconds of leaking, giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
(11 marks)

End of Paper


HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
7

Solution
1. The term with
5
x is
9 4 5
5
(2) ( ) C x
Coefficient of
5
x is
9 4
5
(2) 2016 C =

2.
1 7 7 1 7 7
7 4
1 3 0 7 4 0
5 14
2 1 0 15 14
k
k k
k
k k

+
A = = + = =


( 7)( 14) 60 0 k k + + + =

2
21 38 0 k k + =
2 k = or 19 k =

3.
1
4 15(1) 1 18 2 9 + = = , which is divisible by 9.
Assume for some positive integers k, 4 15( ) 1 9
k
k M + = where M is an integer.
When 1 n k = + ,
1
4 15( 1) 1 4(9 1 15 ) 15 15 1 9(4 5 2)
k
k M k k M k
+
+ + = + + + = + , which is divisible by 9.
Proved by induction, 4 15 1
n
n + is divisible by 9 for all positive integers n.

4. (a)
2 2 2 2
2
sin
2
2tan 2sin cos
cos
L.H.S. sin 2 R.H.S.
sin 1 tan sin cos
1
cos

= = = = =
+ +
+

(b)
2 2
2 2 2
(1 ) 1 2 2
1
1 1 1
x x x x
x x x
+ + +
= = +
+ + +

Using (a), consider
2
2
(1 )
1 sin 2
1
x
x

+
= +
+
where tan x =
Since x is real, is also real, so 1 sin 2 1 s s for all real

2
2
(1 )
1 (1) 2
1
x
x
+
s + =
+
. Hence the greatest value of
2
2
(1 )
1
x
x
+
+
is 2.


HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
8

5. (a)
( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1)
cos( 1) cos( 1) 2cos cos 2cos1cos
2 2
x x x x
x x x
+ + +
+ + = =
Since 2cos1cos cos x k x = , 2cos1 k =
(b)
cos1 cos 2 cos3 cos1 cos3 cos 2 cos3
cos 4 cos5 cos 6 cos 4 cos 6 cos5 cos6
cos 7 cos8 cos9 cos 7 cos9 cos8 cos9
+
= +
+

( )
1 3 1
C C C +
2cos1cos 2 cos 2 cos3
2cos1cos5 cos5 cos 6
2cos1cos8 cos8 cos9
= (Using (a))
= 0

6.
2
0 0 0
1 1
1 1 ( ) 1 1 1
lim lim lim
( ) ( ) ( 0)
h h h
d x x h
x h x
dx x h h x x h x x h x x x

( + | |
+
= = = = =
| (
+ + +
\ .



7. (a) '( ) (cos sin ) (sin cos ) 2 cos
x x x
f x e x x x x e e x = + + =
''( ) 2 sin 2 cos
x x
f x e x e x = +
(b) 2 sin 2 cos
x x
e x e x + 2 cos
x
e x sin cos 0
x x
e x e x + + =

x
e cos
x
x e = sin x [ 0
x
e = for all real x]
tan 1 x =

4
x

=

8. (a) Let 2sin x = , 2cos dx d =

1
2 2
2cos 2cos
sin
2cos 2
4 4 4sin
dx d d x
d C C
x


| |
= = = = + = +
|
\ .

} } } }

(b)
1
ln ln ln ln ln ln xdx x x xd x x x x dx x x dx x x x C
x
= = = = +
} } } }


HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
9

9. 2 4 0
dy dy
x x y y
dx dx
=
2
4
dy x y
dx x y

=
+

Let (a, b) be the contact points,
( , )
2
2
4
a b
dy a b
dx a b

= =
+
0 b =
To find a,
2 2
(0) 2(0) 1 0 a a =

1 a =
The contact points are (1, 0) and ( 1, 0) .
The equation of tangent at (1, 0) is
0
2
1
y
x

2 2 0 x y =
The equation of tangent at ( 1, 0) is
0
2
1
y
x

=
+
2 2 0 x y + =

10. (a)
( )
2 2 2
2
1 1
2 2
x x x
xe dx e d x e C

= = +
} }

(b)
2 2
2 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
Volume 2 2 2
2 2
x x
x x
x e dx dx xe dx

| |
= =
|
\ .
} } }
c
2
2
2
4
1
1
4 1
1
4
1 1
(16) (1)
4 4
x
x e
e e


(
(
= +
(


(
( = +
(


4 1
15
4
e e



= + sq. units


11. (a)
2
1 0 1 0
A
+ + | || |
=
| |
\ .\ .
( ) ( )
( )
2


| |
+ +
= |
|
+
\ .

( ) ( )
( )
2
0
0
0


| |
| | + +
= + |
|
|

+
\ .
\ .

( )
1 0
1 0 0 1


+ | | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .

( ) A I = +

HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
10

11. (b)
2
( ) ( )( ) A I A I A I =

2
2 2
2
2
2
( ) 2
( ) ( )
( )( )
AA AI IA II
A A I
A I A I
A A I I
A I
A I






= +
= +
= + +
= +
=
=

Similarly,
2 2 2
( ) 2 A I A A I = +

2
( ) 2
( ) ( )
( )( )
A I A I
A I
A I



= + +
=
=


(c) (i) ( ) ( ) A X Y s A I t A I = + = +

1 0 1 1
s t


+ | | | | | |
= +
| | |

\ . \ . \ .

1 0
s t s t
s t s t


+ + | | | |
=
| |
+
\ . \ .


...........(1)
1 ........................(2)
........................(3)
s t
s t
s t


+ = +

= +



From (1) and (3),
t
t

| |
+ = +
|
\ .

2 2
( )
t


+
= =


From (2), 1 1 s t


= = =








HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
11

11. (c) (ii) ( ) ( ) X s A I A I



= =

and ( ) ( ) Y t A I A I



= =


Assume for some positive integers n,
( )
k
k
X A I

and ( )
k
k
Y A I

.
When 1 n k = + ,
1
1 2
2
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
k k
k k
X X X A I A I A I



+
+
= = =



1
2
( )( )
( )
k
A I



+
=

[Using (b)]
1
( )
k
A I



+
=


1
1 2
2
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
k k
k k
Y Y Y A I A I A I



+
+
= = =



1
2
( )( )
( )
k
A I



+
=

[Using (b)]
1
( )
k
A I



+
=


Proved by induction, ( )
n
n
X A I

and ( )
n
n
Y A I

for all
positive integer n.
(iii) Check
2
( )( ) ( ) XY st A I A I st A I ( = = + +


| |
( ) ( )
0 0
0 0
st A I I = + + +
| |
=
|
\ .


Similarly,
0 0
0 0
YX
| |
=
|
\ .

( ) ( ) ( )
n n
n n n n
A X Y X Y A I A I



= + = + = +


n n n n
A I


| | | |
= + + +
| |

\ . \ .

n n n n
A I


| | | |
= +
| |

\ . \ .

HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
12

12. (a) (i) MN ON OMs =


( )
| | ( ) ( )
( 1) ( )
bOC OA aAB
b a
a b b a b
= +
= + + +
= + + +
i j k i j i
i j k


(ii) Since MN AB

, 0 MN AB - =


| | ( 1) ( ) ( ) 0 a b b a b + + + - = i j k j i
( 1) ( ) 0 a b b a + + =

1
2
a =
Since MN OC

, 0 MN OC - =


| | ( 1) ( ) ( ) 0 a b b a b + + + - + + = i j k i j k
( 1) ( ) 0 a b b a b + + + =

1
3
b =
(iii) Since MN is perpendicular to both AB and OC,
the required shortest distance is MN

.
2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 6
1
2 3 3 2 3 6
MN
| | | | | |
= + + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

units
(b) (i) AB = j i

, AC OC OA = = + + = + i j k i j k



1 1 0
0 1 1
AB AC = = +
i j k
i j k






HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
13

12. (b) (ii) ( ) + i j k is a vector perpendicular to the plane ABC,
Note that OG

is also perpendicular to the plane ABC, therefore //( ) OG + i j k


Let R be the point of intersection of OG and MN, and we let ( ) OR = + i j k

,
where is a non-zero real constant.
RN ON OR =


1
( ) ( )
3
1 1 1
3 3 3


= + + +
| | | | | |
= + + +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
i j k i j k
i j k

1 1 1 1 1
1
2 3 3 2 3
MN
| | | | | |
= + + +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
i j k


1 1 1
6 6 3
= + i j k
Consider // RN MN

(since R is a point on MN)
1 1
3 3
1 1
6 3

| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
=

1 =
Hence R = (1,1, 1)

13. (a) Let u x p = , du dx = . When 2 x p = , u p = ;when 0 x = , u p =

2 0
0 0
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
p p p
p p
f x p dx f u du f u du f u du

= = +
} } } }

For
0
( )
p
f u du

}
, let v u = , dv du = , When 0 u = , 0 v = ;when u p = , v p =

0 0 0
( ) ( )( ) ( )
p p p
f u du f v dv f v dv

= =
} } }
(since ( ) f x is odd for p x p s s )

Hence
2 0
0 0
( ) ( ) ( )
p p
p
f x p dx f v dv f u du = +
} } }

0 0
( ) ( ) 0
p p
f x dx f x dx = + =
} }

| |
2 2
0 0
( ) 0 2
p p
f x p q dx q dx pq + = + =
} }

HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
14

13. (b)
tan tan
6
3
3 tan
1 tan tan
6
6
tan tan
3 tan
6 6
3
1 tan tan
6
x
x
x
x
x
x

+
| |
+
+ |
\ .
=
| |


|
\ .

+
1 1
3 1 tan tan
3 3
1 1
3 1 tan tan
3 3
x x
x x
| | | |
+ +
| |
\ . \ .
=
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .

1
3 2tan
3
1
3
3
x +
=
+
3 1 2 3 tan
3 1
x +
=
+
1 3 tan
2
x +
=

(c)
( )
3 tan
1 3 tan 6
ln 1 3 tan ln ln 2 ln ln 2
2
3 tan
6
x
x
x
x

( | |
+
| (
| |
+
\ .
( + = + = +
|
|
| |
(
\ .

|
(
\ .

Let
3 tan
( ) ln
3 tan
x
f x
x
(
+
=
(


, where
6 6
x

s s
Since
( )
( )
3 tan
3 tan
( ) ln ln
3 tan 3 tan
x
x
f x
x x
(
( +

= = (
(
+
(


1
3 tan 3 tan
ln ln ( )
3 tan 3 tan
x x
f x
x x

( (
+ +
= = =
( (


,

( ) f x is odd function for
6 6
x

s s
Hence
( )
3 3
0 0
3 tan
6
ln 1 3 tan ln ln 2
3 tan
6
x
x dx dx
x

( ( | |
+
( | (
\ .
( ( + = +
| | ( (

|
( (
\ .
} }

3
0
ln 2
6
f x dx

(
| |
=
| (
\ .
}

2 ln 2 ln 2
6 3
| |
= =
|
\ .



HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
15
14. (a)
3 3
2 2
0 0
0
Volume (25 ) 25 25
3 3
h
h h
y h
x dy y dy y h
( | |
= = = =
| (
\ .
} }

(b) (i)
3
25
3
h
V h
| |
=
|
\ .
for 0 4 h s s

( )
2
25
dV dh
h
dt dt
=
( )
2
3
8 25 3
h
dh
dt

=
=
3
1
2
h
dh
dt
=
=
The required rate of increase of the depth of coffee is
1
2
cm s
-1
.

(ii)








From the figure, the required volume V is given by
3
2 2
4 1 1
25(4) ( ) ( 4) (3) (8)
3 3 3
V r h
| |
= + +
|
\ .
where
( 4)
3 8
r h +
=
2
164 1 3( 4)
( 4)
3 3 8
h
h


+ (
= + +
(


3
164 3
( 4)
3 64
h

= + + where 0 12 h s s






HKDSE Practice Paper 2012 Mathematics (Module 2)
16

15. (b) (iii) The total volume of the cup is
3
164 3 740
(12 4)
3 64 3

= + + = cm
3

After 15 seconds of leaking, the depth of coffee is given by
3
740 164 3
30 ( 4)
3 3 64
h

= + +
3
3
192 30 ( 4)
64
h

= +
11.73021845 h ~ cm

2
9
( 4)
64
dV dh
h
dt dt

= +

2
15
9
2 (11.73021845 4)
64
t
dh
dt

=
~ +

15
0.018295659
t
dh
dt
=
~ cm s
-1

The required rate of decrease of the coffee is 0.0183 cm s
-1


End of Solution

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