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BIO 240 EXAMINATION #1 INTRODUCTION, CELLS, TISSUES, INTEGUMENT, BONE TISSUE READ THESE DIRECTIONS

TEST #_______

BEFORE STARTING THE TEST, 1. Write your name and test number at the top of the scantron sheet. 2. Fill in the bubbles for your name (last, first) on the back of the scantron sheet. 3. Write your name on the front of the written answer sheet. TURN IN YOUR SCANTRON SHEET AND WRITTEN ANSWER SHEET. YOU MAY KEEP THE REST OF THE TEST. THE ANSWER KEY WILL BE POSTED ON MY WEBSITE. YOU MUST TURN IN THE TEST 10 MINUTES BEFORE THE HOUR. EXCEPTIONS. REMEMBER THE ACADEMIC HONOR CODE pledge you took below: THERE WILL BE NO

As a student at The University of North Carolina Wilmington, I am committed to honesty and truthfulness in academic inquiry and in the pursuit of knowledge. I pledge to uphold and promote the UNCW Student Academic Honor Code.
______________________________________________________________________________ Each of the following questions or incomplete statements below is followed by suggested answers or completions. Select the one BEST answer in each case and fill in the appropriate circle on the computer sheet. (2 points each)

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All of the following are examples of organs except: A) stomach. B) heart. C) muscle. D) brain. E) gallbladder. All of the following belong to feedback systems which control homeostasis EXCEPT A) control center. B) receptor. C) receiver. D) effector. E) All of the above are basic components of the feedback system. Physiology A) is concerned with organisms and does not deal with different levels of organization, such as cells and systems. B) is the scientific discipline that investigates the bodys structures. C) deals with the processes or functions of living things. D) can be used to study the human body without considering anatomy at all. E) recognizes the static (as opposed to the dynamic) nature of living things.

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All of the following belong to the ventral body cavity EXCEPT A) thoracic cavity. B) abdominal cavity. C) cranial cavity. D) pleural cavity. E) pericardial cavity. Which of the following statements about a person in the anatomical position is correct? A) The person is lying down. B) The persons head is erect and facing forward. C) The person is standing upright facing the observer with the palms facing anteriorly. D) The person is standing upright facing the observer with the palms facing posteriorly. E) B and C In the anatomical position the middle finger is ________ to the ring finger. A) lateral B) intermediate C) deep D) distal E) proximal Which of these statements concerning positive feedback is correct? A) When cardiac muscle receives an inadequate supply of blood, positive feedback mechanism increase blood flow to the heart. B) Positive feedback mechanisms make deviations from normal even greater. C) Labor is an example of a normally occurring positive feedback mechanism. D) B and C E) All of the above In a negative feedback system, the response of the effector A) enhances the original stimulus. B) eliminates the original stimulus. C) reverses the original stimulus. D) does not change the original stimulus. E) does not affect the original stimulus. Certain white blood cells can destroy bacteria by the process of A) pinocytosis. B) phagocytosis. C) exocytosis. D) lysis. E) None of the above. Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion is true? A) In facilitated diffusion, net movement is down the concentration gradient. B) Facilitated diffusion requires the expenditure of energy. C) Facilitated diffusion does not require a carrier protein. D) Facilitated diffusion moves materials through ion membrane channels. E) A and D

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A cell in a hypotonic environment will cause the following condition A) water molecules will move into a cell along a concentration gradient. B) molecules will move out of a cell along a concentration gradient. C) water molecules will move into a cell against a concentration gradient. D) water molecules will move out of a cell against a concentration gradient. E) both A and D could happen. Active transport requires proteins (often called pumps) because of all of the following EXCEPT? A) the pump requires ATP B) the pump moves Na+ and K+ against their concentration gradients. C) pumps 2 Na+ out and 3 K+ into the cell. D) the pump contributes to a more net negative charge along the inside of the cell membrane . E) C and D. Which of the following is only true of active transport and never true of passive transport? A) can move substances from low to high concentrations. B) requires energy in the form of ATP C) requires a carrier protein D) only A & B are true of active transport. E) all of the above are true of active transport and not passive. Which of the following statements are true for the plasma membrane? A) It is selectively permeable. B) It contains glycoproteins. C) It contains cholesterol. D) A and B are correct. E) A, B, and C are correct. The lipid bilayer is permeable to all of the following substances EXCEPT A) amino acids. B) fat-soluble vitamins. C) steroids. D) oxygen. E) water. All of the following traits about connective and epithelial tissue are true except A) connective tissue cells are farther from each other than epithelial cells B) there is intercellular material or matrix between connective cells but usually not in epithelium. C) epithelial cells have a good blood supply that often diffuses into the connective tissue to nourish them as well. D) epithelial tissue cells can divide easily, often connective tissue repairs slowly or not at all. E) all of these statements about these tissues are true. Which of the following epithelia function in absorption and secretion? A) squamous epithelium B) columnar epithelium C) cuboidal epithelium D) Both A and B E) Both B and C

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The different types of epithelia are named according to A) cell size. B) location. C) cell shape and arrangement of layers. D) cell shape and location in the body. E) location and function. Which of the statements below regarding the locations of epithelial tissue is FALSE? A) Transitional epithelium is found in the bladder. B) Simple columnar epithelium is found in the small intestine C) Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar epithelium is located in the trachea. D) Simple cuboidal epithelium is found in the alveoli of the lungs. E) Stratified squamous epithelium is located in the esophagus. The tissue that can be found in the ear that has a greater abundance of this type of fiber that can be stretched and recoils easily is: A) hyaline cartilage B) dense irregular connective tissue C) fibrocartilage D) elastic cartilage E) elastic connective tissue A basement membrane is always present A) between the epithelial cells. B) between the epithelium and the muscle tissue. C) between the epithelium and the connective tissue. D) on the apical surface of the epithelium. E) between the epithelium and the blood vessels. Which of the following statements about locations of various connective tissues is FALSE? A) adipose tissue is found in the hypodermis B) reticular tissue is found within the lymph nodes and spleen. C) the dermis contains dense irregular connective tissue D) areolar connective tissue is found in the papillary dermis and hypodermis. E) elastic cartilage is found in the lung. Fibrocartilage is found A) in the cartilage of the trachea B) in the rib cage C) in the external ear D) between vertebrae E) on the surface of bones in movable joints All of the following are classified as loose connective tissue EXCEPT A) areolar connective tissue. B) adipose tissue. C) reticular connective tissue. D) elastic connective tissue. E) B and C.

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If any individual is hot, we would expect A) the arector pili muscles would contract. B) sweating would occur. C) vasoconstriction of dermal blood vessels would occur. D) B and C E) All of the above. Perspiration is the substance produced by A) ceruminous glands B) sudoriferous glands C) sebaceous glands D) oil glands E) holocrine glands Which of the following is not correct concerning the skin? A) The dermis is usually thicker than the epidermis. B) The stratum basale forms the deepest layer of the epidermis. C) The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and epidermis. D) The dermis contains smooth muscle and nerve tissue. E) The epidermis is avascular. All of the following are functions of the skin EXCEPT A) protection B) vitamin B synthesis C) excretion D) temperature regulation E) sensation Which of the following is NOT considered to be a long bone? A) bones of the sternum B) bones of the thighs C) bones of the forearms D) bones of the fingers E) bones of the legs Nutrient arteries and nerves from the periosteum penetrate compact bone through the A) Haversian canal. B) central canal. C) Perforating (Volkman's) canal. D) concentric lamellae. E) canaliculi.

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For each of the questions below, a set of possible answers is given. Use the key provided to choose your answer and fill in the appropriate circle on the scantron sheet. (2 points each) A. B. C. if 1, 2, and 3 only are correct if 1 and 3 only are correct if 2 and 4 only are correct D. E. if 4 only is correct if all choices are correct

C31. With regards to osmosis, 1. Osmosis always involves a membrane that allows water and all solutes to diffuse through it. 2. The greater the solute concentration, the greater the osmotic pressure of the solution. 3. Osmosis moves water from a solution with a greater solute concentration to a solution with a lesser solute concentration. 4. The greater the osmotic pressure of a solution, the greater the tendency for water to move into the solution. A32. With regards to the layers of the epidermis, 1. The layer of skin that dead cells filled with keratin is the stratum corneum. 2. The layer of the epidermis that contains cells capable of mitosis is the stratum basale. 3. The layer of the epidermis that contains melanocytes is the stratum basale. 4. The layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the palms and soles is the stratum granulosum. A33. Which of the following description(s) below are commonly used directional terms? 1. The sternum is anterior to the heart. 2. The stomach is superior to the bladder. 3. The ears are posteriolateral to the nose. 4. The wrist is inferior to the elbow. With regards to bone histology, 1. Each lacuna contains an osteoblast. 2. Circumferential lamellae are found between the osteons. 3. Canaliculi provide connections between lamellae. 4. Thin rods or plates of bone found in spongy bone are called trabeculae. With regards to bone structure, 1. The shaft of a long bone is called the diaphysis. 2. The site where bone growth occurs is called the epiphysis. 3. The endosteum lines the medullary cavity. 4. The periosteum produces the osteoclasts.

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Write the correct word on your written answer sheet for each of the definitions below. (1 point each)
36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. The correct anatomical term for the sole of the foot is ___plantar___ region. The correct anatomical term for the elbow is _cubital____ region. The correct anatomical term for the front of the lower leg is _crural_______ region. The __mediastinum_________ is the region between the lungs from the breastbone to the vertebra. The basic component of a feedback system that produces a response is the _effector________. The tissue that provides insulation for the body is known as _adipose________ tissue. The fluid surrounding body cells is called _interstitial/intercellular________ fluid. credit extracellular The ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment is called _responsiveness_______. In the upper layer of the dermis, finger-like extensions called _dermal papillae___ are present to increase the surface area. The glands usually associated with hair follicles are __sebaceous___ glands. Glands that accumulate secretions and release them only when the individual secretory cells rupture and die are called ___ holocrine___ glands. Membranes that line body cavities that open directly to the exterior are ___ mucous___ membranes. A tissue with a large number of collagen fibers organized parallel to each other would most likely be found in a ligament or __tendon________.

Please mark TRUE (T) or False (F) for each statement below on the written answer sheet. You will not get credit if you mark all statements true or all statements false. (1 pt each) F49. F50. T51. T52. T53. T54. F55. T56. T57. The portion of a membrane that is closest to the organ is the parietal portion. The sagittal plane divides the body into equal superior and inferior portions. The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is the coronal plane. The control center determines the level at which the controlled condition needs to be maintained. The difference between dense and loose connective tissue is mainly in the arrangement of the fibers. Hyaline cartilage is found at the end of most long bones where joints form. Both rickets and brittle bone disease affect the properties of bone, however rickets is due to a deficiency of collagen fibers. Bone remodeling involves both bone resorption and bone deposition. Early in life, osteoblasts work faster than osteoclasts so bone is building up. At midlife they somewhat equal out but later on, the osteoclasts work faster than the osteoblasts.

Written Answer Sheet Personal Return __________________

Name ____________________ Test # _____

Fill-in-the Blank ( 1 pt each) 36. _____________

True/False ( 1 pt each) 49. ____ 50. ____ 51. ____ 52. ____ 53. ____ 54. ____ 55. ____ 56. ____ 57. ____

37. _________________ 38. _________________ 39. _________________

40. _________________ 41. _________________

42. _________________ 43. _________________ 44. _________________ 45. _________________ 46. _________________ 47. _________________ 48. _________________

There are two short answer questions on the back!!!!!!!!!

58. The body of a man was found floating in salt water off of Wrightsville Beach, which has a concentration that is slightly greater than body fluids. When seen during an autopsy, the cells in his lung tissues were clearly swollen. Choose the most logical conclusion and explain why. (4 points) A. He probably drowned in the ocean. B. He may have been murdered elsewhere. C. He did not drown. B is the most logical conclusion. Swollen lung tissue suggests that the tissues had been submerged in a hypotonic solution, such as fresh water. Because the ocean contains salt water, which is slightly hypertonic to blood, it is unlikely he drowned in the ocean. It is more likely he drowned in fresh water and was later placed in the ocean. Although this is the most logical conclusion of those given, there are possibilities other than murder. For example he may have accidentally drowned in a fresh-water stream and then been washed into the ocean.

59. A patient has hyperthyroidism because of a tumor in the parathyroid gland that produces excessive amounts of PTH. Answer the questions below regarding what effects this hormone has on bones using either Increase or Decrease. (4 points) A. Will bone deposition increase or decrease? ___D_______________ B. Will osteoclast activity increase or decrease? ___I________________ C. Will blood levels of Ca+ be decreased or increased? _____I____________ D. Will reaborption of Ca2+ in the kidneys increase or decrease? ____I_______________

TOTAL POINTS _____100____ POINTS MISSED ____________ POINTS SCORED ____________ TEST SCORE ___________%

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