Microscopic examination of urine

 Microscopic Examination urine includes:     Urine Cells Bacteria Urine Crystals Urine Casts

 Procedure 1. urine specimen 2. Transfer about 10 ml of urine into a labeled centrifuge tube. 3. Centrifuge the specimen at a medium speed (from 1500 2000 rpm) for 3-5 minutes 4. Discard the supernatant by quick inversion of the tube 5. Re suspend the sediment that is at the bottom of the tube, by tapping the tube by your fingers 6. Take the sediment by Pasteur pipette from the tube and transfer a drop into the clean and dry slide. 7. Apply cover slide on the urine sediment that is on the slide. 8. Put on the microscope and look under 10x objective of the microscope. 9. Then after looking through the low power objective, change the objective in to 40x objective.
10. Then report what you get under low power and high power objective on the

laboratory request form of the patient.  Interpretation of Results  Results reported as number of identified elements per high powered (40x) field are: WBC's, RBC's, and casts. The latter need to be identified as hyaline, WBC, RBC, epithelial, fatty, or waxy casts. Samples containing crystals should be forwarded to the Clinical Laboratory for evaluation.  Results reported as "few, moderate, or many" are: epithelial cells, bacteria, crystals, and Trichomonas.
 Identify presence of yeast

Chemical examination of urine by dipstick kit  Principle Reagent strips consist of chemical-impregnated absorbent pads attached to a plastic strip. A color-producing chemical reaction takes place when the absorbent pad comes in contact with urine. The reactions are interpreted by comparing the color produced on the pad with a chart supplied by the manufacturer.  Technique 1. Mix specimen well. 2. Dip the strip completely, but brie y, into specimen. 3. Remove excess urine by withdrawing the strip against the rim of the container and by blotting the edge of the strip. 4. Compare reaction colors with the manufacturer s chart under a good light source at the speci ed time. 5. Perform backup tests when indicated. 6. Be alert for the presence of interfering substances. 7. Understand the principles and signi cance of the test, read package inserts. 8. Relate chemical ndings to each other and to the physical and microscopic urinalysis results.  Quality Control 1. Test open bottles of reagent strips with known positive and negative controls every 24 hr. 2. Resolve control results that are out of range by further testing. 3. Test reagents used in backup tests with positive and negative controls. 4. Perform positive and negative controls on new reagents and newly opened bottles of reagent strips. 5. Record all control results and reagent lot numbers.