55-140 -- Sample questions for Midterm 2

1. Some protists have a pellicle, which is used for ______________. A) structural support. B) food storage. C) defensive purposes. D) water absorption. 2. You discover an organism that has a nucleus but no mitochondria. This organism could be a __________. A) kinetoplastid. B) ciliate. C) diplomonad. D) euglenoid. 3. Which type of human cell serves as the host for the sporozoite of Plasmodium that causes malaria? A) liver cell B) skin cell C) red blood cell D) nerve cell 4. The apical complex of apicomplexa is used for ___________. A) attachment. B) food absorption. C) structural support. D) asexual reproduction. 5. Heterokonts are characterized by having _____________. A) two different flagella. B) cell walls of silica. C) cells walls of chitin. D) two types of nuclei. 6. Amoeba is a term used to describe unicellular protists that move by means of flagella. A) True B) False 7. The Chlorophyta (green algae) are believed to be the ancestors of fungi and animals. A) True B) False 8. The eyespot is a light-sensitive structure found in all protists. A) True B) False

9. The most recent common ancestor of all land plants was probably similar to modern-day members of which group? A) choanoflagellates B) red algae C) charophytes D) brown algae E) angiosperms 10. A number of characteristics are very similar between charophytes and members of the Plant kingdom. Of the following, which characteristic provides evidence for a close evolutionary relationship between these two groups? A) formation of a cell wall B) chloroplast structure C) ribosomal RNA nucleotide sequences D) A and B only E) B and C only 11. The following are all true about the life cycle of bryophytes (mosses) except: A) external water is required for fertilization. B) flagellated sperm are produced. C) antheridia and archegonia are produced by gametophytes. D) the gametophyte generation is dominant. E) the mature sporophyte is not dependent on the gametophyte. 12. What is the primary role of a fungis underground mycelium? A) absorbing nutrients B) sexual reproduction C) asexual reproduction D) protection against predators 13. What do fungi and arthropods have in common? A) Both groups are commonly coelomates. B) The haploid state is dominant in both groups. C) Both groups are predominantly autotrophs. D) The protective coats of both groups are made of chitin. E) Both groups have cell walls. 14. In most fungi, what is the result of plasmogamy? A) Multiple diploid nuclei per cell. B) Asexual fungi C) Dikaryotic cells. D) Prokaryotic fungi 15. Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. What distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy is that only fungi can __________. A) be photosynthetic organisms. B) ingest their prey. C) be saprotrophs. D) All of the above

16. What do animals as diverse as Cnidarians and Tetrapods have in common? A) a coelom B) a cranium C) presence of bone D) presence of Hox genes E) a notochord 17. An adult animal that possesses bilateral symmetry is most certainly also _________. A) triploblastic. B) a sponge. C) a coelomate. D) an amniote 18. At which developmental stage should one be able to first distinguish a protostome embryo from a deuterostome embryo? A) fertilization B) cleavage C) coelom formation D) metamorphosis 19. Which of the following is correctly associated with sponges? A) osculum B) coelom C) cnidocytes D) muscle and nerve cells 20. Which characteristic is shared by both cnidarians and flatworms? A) flame cells B) radial symmetry C) one opening in digestive system D) hermaphrodites 21. Of the annelid classes below, which have segmented bodies? A) Oligochaeta (bristle worms) B) Polychaeta (earthworms) C) Hirudinea (leeches) D) All of the above E) A and B only 22. Which of the following is a shared characteristic of all chordates? A) scales B) jaws C) vertebrae D) dorsal, hollow nerve cord E) four-chambered heart

23. Chordate pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned first as ___________. A) anus of the digestive system. B) suspension-feeding devices. C) components of the jaw. D) part of the inner ear. 24. Jaws served which advantageous function(s) in gnathostomes? A) feeding B) grooming C) defense D) nesting E) All of the above 25. What allows reptiles to thrive in dry environments? A) Their bright coloration reflects the intense UV radiation. B) A large number of prey and a limited number of predators are available in the desert. C) A cartilaginous endoskeleton provides needed flexibility for locomotion on sand. D) Their scales contain the protein keratin, which helps prevent dehydration. E) They have an acute sense of sight, especially in bright sunlight. Answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. A C A A A B B B

9. C 10. E 11. E 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. E 25. D