HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

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HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

Ch-ng 3
Lin kt ho hc
I. Kin thc trng tm






























Lin
kt
ho
hc
Cc khi nim
Cation : L ion mang in d- ng
Anion : L ion mang in tch m
Lin kt ion : L lin kt - c hnh thnh do lc
ht tnh in gia cc ion mang in tch tri du.

(ion c th l mt hoc mt nhm nguyn t mang in tch)
iu kin lin kt: - Xy ra vi cc kim loi in hnh v phi kim in hnh.
Lin kt ion
Tinh th ion
Tinh th ion - c hnh thnh t nhng ion mang in
tch tri du l cation v anion.
Lc lin kt : C bn cht tnh in
c tnh : Bn, kh nng chy, kh bay hi
Ha tr ca nguyn t
trong hp cht ion
Tn gi : in ha tr
Cch xc nh : Tr s in ha tr ca mt
nguyn t bng s electron m nguyn t
ca nguyn t nh- ng i hoc thu vo
to thnh ion.
Lin kt
kim loi :
Khi nim : - Lin kt kim loi l lin kt - c hnh thnh gia cc
nguyn t v ion kim loi trong mng tinh th do s tham gia ca cc
electron t do.
iu kin lin kt : Xy ra hu ht kim loi.
Tinh th kim loi :

Tinh th - c hnh thnh t nhng ion, nguyn t
kim loi v cc electron t do.
Lc lin kt : Lc lin kt c bn cht tnh in.
c tnh : C nh kim, dn in, dn nhit tt,
do.
Lin kt
cng ha tr
Khi nim : - L lin kt - c hnh thnh gia hai nguyn t bng mt
hay nhiu cp electron chung.
iu kin lin kt : - Xy ra gia cc nguyn t ging nhau hoc gn
ging nhau v bn cht (th- ng xy ra vi cc nguyn t phi kim
nhm IVA ; VA ; VIA ; VIIA.)

Tinh th
nguyn t :
Khi nim : - Tinh th - c hnh thnh t cc nguyn t.
Lc lin kt : - Lc lin kt l lc t- ng tc phn t.
c tnh : - Nhit nng chy v nhit si cao.
Tinh th
phn t :
Khi nim : - Tinh th - c hnh thnh t cc phn t.
Lc lin kt : - Lc lin kt l lc t- ng tc phn t.
c tnh : - t bn, cng nh, nhit nng chy
v nit si thp.
Tn gi : Cng ha tr
Cch xc nh : cng ha tr ca mt nguyn t bng s
lin kt m nguyn t ca nguyn t to ra vi cc
nguyn t khc trong phn t.
Ha tr trong
hp cht cng
ha tr
HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H









II. Nhng ch quan trng
1. So snh lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr
Loi lin kt
So snh
Lin kt cng ho tr
Lin kt cng ho tr khng
cc
Lin kt cng ho tr
c cc
Lin kt ion
g
i

n
g
Nguyn nhn
hnh thnh lin
kt
Cc nguyn t lin kt vi nhau to thnh phn t c cu hnh
electron bn vng ca kh him



k
h

c
Bn cht L s dng chung
electron (i electron
chung khng lch v
nguyn t no)
L s dng chung
electron (i
electron chung lch
v nguyn t c
m in ln hn)
L s cho v nhn
electron. Lin kt - c
hnh thnh do lc ht
tnh in gia cc ion
mang in tch tri du
V d Cl Cl H Cl
Na
+
Cl

iu kin lin
kt
Xy ra gia hai nguyn t
phi kim ging nhau v
bn cht ho hc
Xy ra gia hai
nguyn t phi kim
gn ging nhau v
bn cht ho hc
Xy ra gia cc nguyn
t khc hn nhau v bn
cht ho hc (kim loi
in hnh vi phi kim
in hnh)
Hiu
m in
0,0 n < 0,4 0,4 n < 1,7 > 1,7
S
oxi
ho
Khi nim : S oxi ha ca mt nguyn t trong phn t l in tch ca nguyn t
nguyn t nu gi nh lin kt gia cc nguyn t trong phn t l lin
kt ion.
Cch xc nh
Theo 4 quy tc
Quy tc 1 : S oxi ha ca nguyn t trong cc n cht bng 0.
Quy tc 2 : Trong mt phn t, tng s s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t
bng 0.
Quy tc 3 : S oxi ha ca cc ion n nguyn t bng in tch ca
ion .
Trong ion a nguyn t, tng s s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t bng
in tch ca ion.

Quy tc 4 : Trong hu ht cc hp cht, s oxi ha ca hiro bng +1 (tr
hirua kim loi (NaH ; CaH
2
...). S oxi ha ca oxi bng 2, tr tr- ng
hp OF
2
v peoxit (chng hn H
2
O
2
,...)
HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

2. Tinh th ion, tinh th nguyn t v tinh th phn t
Tinh th ion Tinh th nguyn t Tinh th phn t
Khi
nim
Cc cation v anion
- c phn b lun
phin, u n cc
im nt ca mng
tinh th ion
cc im nt ca
mng tinh th
nguyn t l nhng
nguyn t
cc im nt ca
mng tinh th phn
t l nhng phn t
V d Tinh th mui n Tinh th kim c- ng Tinh th iot
c tnh Lc lin kt c bn
cht tnh in

Tinh th ion bn

Kh nng chy,
kh bay hi
Lc lin kt c bn
cht cng ho tr.

Tinh th nguyn t
bn
Nhit nng chy
v nhit si cao
Lc lin kt l lc
t- ng tc gia cc
phn t
Km bn
cng nh
Nhit nng chy
v nhit si thp.
3. Da vo hiu m in ta c th xc nh loi lin kt mt cch t-ng i
Hiu m in Loi lin kt
0,0 0,4 Lin kt cng ha tr khng cc
0,4 1,7 Lin kt cng ha tr c cc
> 1,7 Lin kt ion
III. Cu hi, bi tp
1. Mng tinh th ion c c tnh
A. bn vng.
B. d bay hi.
C. nhit nng chy v nhit si kh cao.
D. c A v C u ng.
2. Quy tc bt t khng ng vi tr- ng hp phn t cht no d- i y ?
A. H
2
O B. NO
2
C. CO
2
D. Cl
2

3. Trong phn t nit c :
A. Mt lin kt v 2 lin kt
B. Mt lin kt i v mt lin kt cho nhn.
C. Mt lin kt , hai lin kt
D. Lin kt cng ho tr phn cc.


HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

4. Vit cng thc cu to ca cc cht sau
NH
3
, SiF
4
, C
2
H
2
, SO
2
, SO
3
, H
2
SO
3
, H
2
SO
4
, H
2
CO
3
, H
3
PO
4
, CaSO
3
, CaSO
4

Xc nh s OXH ca cc nguyn t trong cc hp cht
5. Vit cu hnh electron v s phn b e theo obitan ca nguyn t Cl (Z = 17). t - c
cu hnh kh him gn nht th nguyn t Cl nh- ng hay thu thm bao nhiu electron ? Vit
s to ion clo.
6. Gii thch s hnh thnh cp e lin kt gia nguyn t C vi cc nguyn t hiro trong
phn t CH
4
, gia hai nguyn t N trong phn t N
2
.
7. Vit cng thc cu to ca C
2
H
4
. M t s hnh thnh cc lin kt trong phn t C
2
H
4
.
8. Hy vit cng thc electron ca cc phn t H
2
, N
2
, H
2
O, CO
2
. Hy cho bit trong cc
phn t th phn t no cha lin kt cng ho tr phn cc v phn t no cha lin kt
cng ha tr khng phn cc, phn t no phn cc v phn t no khng.
9. Nguyn t R nhm IA, nguyn t X nhm VIIA v cng thuc chu k 3 ca bng tun
hon.
a) Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca R v X.
b) Cho bit loi lin kt trong phn t RX v X
2
v gii thch s hnh thnh lin kt .
10. So snh lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr.
11. Cho cc nguyn t
Nguyn t S O N Ag Cl H
m in 2,58 3,44 3,04 1,93 3,16 2,20
Hy xc nh bn cht lin kt trong cc phn t v ion sau : AgCl, H
2
O,
2
4
SO

,
4
NH
+

12. Xc nh s oxi ha ca N v Cl trong cc phn t v ion sau : N
2
O, Cl
2
O
7
,
3
NO

,
4
ClO

,
ClO

, NO
2
, HClO
3
, NO
2
.
13. So snh bn cht ca lin kt kim loi vi lin kt cng ho tr v lin kt ion.
14. N- c v mui n c nhit nng chy rt khc nhau. Gii thch da vo hiu bit v cu
to tinh th ca 2 hp cht trn.
15. a) Hy gii thch v sao N
2
v Cl
2
u c m in gn bng nhau nh- ng iu kin
th- ng N
2
hot ng km hn Cl
2
.
b) Bng hnh v hy m t s xen ph obitan nguyn t to ra cc lin kt trong phn t N
2
.
D. H- ng dn tr li Cu hi V BI TP
1. D
2. B
3. A
HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

4. C
5. D
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. A
10. C.
11. B1 : Xc nh loi lin kt trong phn t da vo hiu m in
B2 : Xc nh loi hp cht, nu thuc loi axit c cha oxi cn xc nh v tr ca nguyn
t trung tm.Thng th- ng axit c bao nhiu nguyn t H th c by nhiu nhm OH, nguyn
t oxi trong nhm OH s lin kt vi nguyn t trung tm. nguyn t trung tm s lin kt vi cc
nguyn t oxi cn li. Nu hp cht thuc loi mui c cha oxi th phi vit cng thc cu to
ca axit t- ng ng tr- c sau thay cc nguyn t kim loi c mt trong mui bng cc nguyn
t H.
V d : Vit cng thc cu to ca H
2
SO
3
. Do phn t c 2 nguyn t H, nn c 2 nhm
OH sau 2 nguyn t Oxi ca hai nhm OH s lin kt vi nguyn t trung tm l l- u hunh
bng lin kt n, nguyn t l- u hunh li lin kt vi nguyn t Oxi th ba bng lin kt cho
nhn.

Do l- u hunh c 2e c thn trng thi c bn



NH
3
H
3
PO
4



SiF
4
H
2
SO
4


C
2
H
2
H
2
CO
3

12.
17
Cl : 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
5
S phn b e theo obitan :
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
5


N H H
H
..
O
O H
O H P
O H

Si
F F
F
F

O
O H
O H
S
O

C C H H

O
O H
O H
C

O
O H
O H
S
HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

.. ..
..
..
t - c cu hnh electron ca kh him gn nht th nguyn t clo nhn 1e. S qu
trnh to thnh ion clo :
Cl + 1e Cl

13. Trong phn t CH
4
, nguyn t C b ra 4 electron lp ngoi cng to thnh
4 cp electron chung vi 4 nguyn t H. Cc nguyn t trong phn t CH
4
u t - c cu
hnh ca kh him gn nht : mi nguyn t hiro c 2 electron, mi nguyn t cacbon c 8
electron lp v ngoi cng.
Trong phn t N
2
, mi nguyn t N b ra 3 electron lp ngoi cng to thnh 3 cp electron
chung gia 2 nguyn t N. Cc nguyn t trong phn t N
2
u t - c cu hnh bn ca kh
him gn nht : mi nguyn t N c 8 electron lp electron ngoi cng.
14. Cng thc cu to ca C
2
H
4
: H H
C = C
H H
Trong phn t C
2
H
4
mi nguyn t C trng thi lai ho sp
2
to thnh 3 obitan lai ho, trong
c cha electron c thn. Ba obitan lai ho ny to nn
1 lin kt gia 2 nguyn t C v 2 lin kt vi 2 nguyn t H. Mi nguyn t C cn 1 obitan p
khng tham gia lai ho s xen ph bn vi nhau to nn lin kt . Nh- vy, lin kt gia 2
nguyn t C l lin kt i gm 1 lin kt v 1 lin kt
15. Cng thc electron ca cc phn t :
H
2
H : H CO
2
: O : : C : : O :
N
2
: : N : : : N : H
2
O H : O : H
Phn t cha lin kt cng ho tr khng phn cc : N
2
, H
2
.
Phn t cha lin kt cng ho tr phn cc : CO, H
2
O, CO
2
.

Phn t phn cc : CO, H
2
O.
Phn t khng phn cc : N
2
, H
2
, CO
2
.
16. a) Cu hnh electron nguyn t ca R : 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
1
.
Cu hnh electron nguyn t ca X : 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
5
.
b) R thuc nhm IA R l kim loi mnh. X thuc nhm VIIA X l phi kim mnh.
Lin kt trong phn t RX l lin kt ion :
R + X [R
+
] + [X

]

1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6

Lin kt trong phn t X
2
l lin kt cng ho tr khng cc :
: X. .X: : X:X: +
HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

17. Ging nhau : Lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr ging nhau v nguyn nhn hnh thnh
lin kt : cc nguyn t lin kt vi nhau c cu hnh electron bn vng ca kh him.
Khc nhau :
Loi lin kt Lin kt ion Lin kt cng ho tr
Bn cht l s cho nhn electron
(lc ht tnh in gia cc
ion mang in tch tri
du)
l s dng chung cc
electron
Th d
Na
+
+ Cl

NaCl
H
.
+.Cl H : Cl
iu kin lin
kt
xy ra gia nhng
nguyn t khc hn
nhau v bn cht ho
hc (th- ng xy ra vi
cc kim loi in hnh
v phi kim in hnh)
xy ra gia hai nguyn t
ging nhau hoc gn ging
nhau v bn cht ho hc
(th- ng xy ra vi cc
nguyn t phi kim nhm
IV, V, VI, VII)
18.
Lin kt Ag Cl H O S O N H
Hiu m in 1,23 1,24 0,86 0,94
Vy bn cht lin kt trong AgCl, H
2
O,
2
4
SO

,
4
NH
+
u l lin kt cng ho tr c cc.
19. S oxi ho ca N trong N
2
O l +1, trong
3
NO

l +5, trong
2
NO

l +3, trong NO
2
l +4.
S oxi ho ca Cl trong Cl
2
O
7
l +7, trong
4
ClO

l +7, trong HClO

3
l +5, trong ClO

l
+1.
20. * So snh lin kt kim loi v lin kt cng ho tr :
Ging : u c cc electron dng chung to ra lin kt.
Khc : + Trong lin kt cng ho tr, electron dng chung l ca 2 hay 1 nguyn t tham gia
lin kt.
+ Trong lin kt kim loi, e dng chung l ca tt c cc nguyn t kim loi.
* So snh lin kt ion v lin kt kim loi :
Ging : Lc lin kt l lc ht tnh in gia cc phn t mang in tri du.
Khc : + Trong lin kt ion, lc ht tnh in l ca cc ion d- ng v ion m.
+ Trong lin kt kim loi, lc ht tnh in to ra gia cc ion d- ng kim loi( mt mng
l- i) vi cc e t do c trong mng tinh th kim loi.
21. H
2
O l tinh th phn t, lc lin kt kt cc phn t l lc Van-dec-van, yu d b tch ra
khi nhau nn nhit nng chy thp (0
o
C).
HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

NaCl l tinh th ion, lc lin kt l lc ht tnh in mnh nn kh tch khi nhau c
nhit nng chy cao (801
o
C).
22. a) Tuy c cng m in nh- ng do trong phn t Cl
2
c lin kt n Cl Cl cn trong
phn t N
2
c lin kt ba N N rt bn vng. Do , iu kin th- ng, N
2
hot ng km
clo.
b) Phn t N
2
gm 3 lin kt : 1 lin kt v 2 lin kt .
S to lin kt .
+

p-p
o
S to lin kt .

+


p-p
t

+


p-p
t


HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

Gii thiu kim tra
A- kim tra 15 pht
Ch-ng 3
lin kt ho hc
1
1. Cu trc kim tra

Ch
Nhn bit Thng hiu Vn dng Tng
TN TL TN TL TN TL
1. Lin kt ion 1
1
1
1
2
2
2. Lin kt cng ha tr 2
2
2
2
1
1
5
5
3. Khi nim ha tr, s
OXH
1
1
1
1
2
2
3. Mng tinh th 1
1
1
1
Tng 3
3
5
5
2
2
10
10
Ch : Ch s bn trn, gc tri mi l s cu hi, ch s bn d-i gc phi mi l s
im
2. bi
Chn cu tr li ng trong cc cu sau :
1. Lin kt ion - c to thnh gia hai nguyn t bng :
A. mt hay nhiu cp electron dng chung.
B. mt hay nhiu cp electron dng chung do mt nguyn t b ra.
C. lc ht tnh in gia cc ion mang in tch tri du.
D. mt hay nhiu cp electron dng chung v cc cp electron ny lch v nguyn t c
m in ln hn.
2. Lin kt cng ha tr khng cc - c hnh thnh :
A. do lc ht tnh in gia cc ion mang in tch tri du.
B. t mt hay nhiu cp electron dng chung v cp electron dng chung ny lch v
nguyn t c m in ln hn.
HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

C. t mt hay nhiu cp electron dng chung v cp electron ny nm chnh gia - ng ni
tm 2 ht nhn.
D. gia cc kim loi in hnh v cc phi kim in hnh.
3. Lai ho sp
3
l s t hp :
A. 1 AOs vi 3 AOp. B. 2 AOs vi 2 AOp.
C. 1 AOs vi 4 AOp. D. 3 AOs vi 1 AOp.
4. Trong phn t CH
4
nguyn t C lai ho kiu :
A. sp B. sp
2
C. sp
3
D. sp
3
d
5. Hp cht X gm 2 nguyn t l A c Z = 16 v B c Z = 8. Trong X, A chim 40% v khi
l- ng.
Cc loi lin kt trong X l :
A. cng ha tr.
B. cng ha tr c cc.
C. cng ha tr khng cc.
D. cng ha tr v lin kt cho nhn.
6. Dy gm cc phn t c cng mt kiu lin kt :
A. Cl
2
, Br
2
, I
2
, HCl C. Na
2
O, KCl, BaCl
2
, Al
2
O
3

B. HCl, H
2
S, NaCl, N
2
O D. MgO, H
2
SO
4
, H
3
PO
4
, HCl
7. Dy cht - c sp xp theo chiu tng dn s phn cc lin kt trong phn t :
A. HCl, Cl
2
, NaCl C. NaCl, Cl
2
, HCl
B. Cl
2
, HCl, NaCl D. Cl
2
, NaCl, HCl
8. Mng tinh th iot thuc loi
A. mng tinh th kim loi. B. mng tinh th nguyn t.
C. mng tinh th ion. D. mng tinh th phn t.
9. in ha tr ca natri trong NaCl l
A : +1 B : 1+ C : 1 D. 1
10. S oxi ha ca nguyn t C trong CO
2
, H
2
CO
3
, HCOOH, CH
4
ln l- t l
A. 4, + 4, +3, +4 B. +4, +4, +2, +4
C. +4, +4, +2, 4 D. +4, 4, +3, +4
p n:
Cu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A C C C C D C B D B C

HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

2
1. Cu trc kim tra

Ch
Nhn bit Thng hiu Vn dng Tng
TN TL TN TL TN TL
1. Lin kt ion 1
1
1
1
2. Lin kt cng ha
tr
2
2
2
2
1
1
5
5
3. Khi nim ha
tr, s OXH
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3. Mng tinh th 1
1
1
1
Tng 4
4
4
4
2
2
10
10
Ch : Ch s bn trn, gc tri mi l s cu hi, ch s bn d-i gc phi mi l s im
2. bi
1. Cc lin kt trong phn t nit gm
A. 3 lin kt t.
B. 1 lin kt t, 2 lin kt o.
C. 1 lin kt o, 2 lin kt t.
D. 3 lin kt o.
2. Cng ha tr ca nit trong hp cht no sau y l ln nht ?
A. N
2
B. NH
3
C. NO D. HNO
3

3. Lin kt ho hc trong phn t HCl l :
A. lin kt ion.
B. lin kt cng ho tr phn cc
C. lin kt cho nhn.
D. lin kt cng ho tr khng phn cc.
4. Cng thc electron ca Cl
2
l :
A.
.. ..
.. ..
: Cl : Cl : C.
.. ..
Cl :: Cl :
B.
..
..
: Cl :
..
..
Cl : D.
.. ..
. .
.. ..
: Cl::Cl

HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

5. Lin kt ho hc trong phn t HCl - c hnh thnh do :
A. lc ht tnh in gia ion H
+
v ion Cl

.
B. s xen ph gia obitan 1s ca nguyn t H v obitan 3p ca nguyn t Cl.
C. s xen ph gia obitan 1s ca nguyn t H vi obitan 3s ca nguyn t Cl.
D. s xen ph gia obitan 1s ca nguyn t H vi obitan 3p c electron c thn ca Cl.
6. Mng tinh th kim c- ng thuc loi
A. mng tinh th kim loi.
B. mng tinh th nguyn t.
C. mng tinh th ion.
D. mng tinh th phn t.
7. Cho bit m in ca O l 3,44 v ca Si l 1,90. Lin kt trong phn t SiO
2
l lin kt
A. ion. B. cng ho tr phn cc.
C. cng ho tr khng phn cc. D. phi tr.
8. S oxi ho ca mt nguyn t l :
A. in ho tr ca nguyn t trong hp cht ion.
B. ho tr ca nguyn t .
C. in tch ca nguyn t nguyn t trong phn t nu gi nh lin kt gia cc
nguyn t trong phn t l lin kt ion.
D. cng ho tr ca nguyn t trong hp cht cng ho tr.
9. S oxi ho ca Mn trong K
2
MnO
4
l :
A. +7 B.+6 C. 6 D. +5
10. Cng ho tr ca cacbon v oxi trong phn t CO
2
l :
A. 4 v 2 B. 4 v 2
C. +4 v 2 D. 3 v 2
p n:
Cu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A C D B A D B B C B A




HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

3
1. Cu trc kim tra

Ch
Nhn bit Thng hiu Vn dng Tng
TN TL TN TL TN TL
1. Lin kt ion 1
1
1
1
2
2
2. Lin kt cng ha
tr
2
2
2
2
1
1
5
5
3. Khi nim ha
tr, s OXH
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3. Mng tinh th
Tng 4
4
4
4
2
2
10
10
Ch : Ch s bn trn, gc tri mi l s cu hi, ch s bn d-i gc phi mi l s im
2. bi
Chn cu tr li ng trong cc cu sau
1. Cng thc cu to ng ca CO
2
l :
A. O = O C
B. O C = O
C. O = C = O
D. O C = O
2. S oxi ho ca nit trong ion
4
NH
+
l :
A. +3 B. 3 C. +4 D. 4
3. S oxi ho ca l- u hunh trong ion
2
4
SO

l
A. +8 B. 6 C. +6 D. +4
4. Hp cht va c lin kt cng ho tr, va c lin kt ion trong phn t l :
A. H
2
S B. Al
2
O
3
C. H
2
O D. Mg(OH)
2

5. Cng thc cu to ng ca SO
2
l :
A. O = S = O
B. O S = O
C. O S = O
D. A v C
HNG DN T HC HA HC 10 D&3H

6. S m t s xen ph cc obitan nguyn t to thnh phn t HBr l :
A. +
H Br HBr
B. +
H Br HBr
C. +
H Br HBr
D. +
H Br HBr
7. Trong cng thc CS
2
, tng s i electron t do ch- a tham gia lin kt l :
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 E. 1
8. Cho cc phn t sau : HCl, NaCl, CaCl
2
, AlCl
3
, CCl
4
. Phn t c lin kt mang nhiu tnh
cht ion nht l :
A. HCl B. NaCl C. CaCl
2
D. AlCl
3


9. Cng thc cu to ca H
2
SO
4
l :
A. H O O B. H O O
S S
H O O H O O
C. H O O D. C A v B
S
H O O
10. Ho tr ca l- u hunh trong H
2
SO
4
l :
A. +4 B. 6 C. +6 D. 4+
p n :
Cu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A C B C D D B C B D B