Problem 1-1 First find the energy dissipated in the resistor: R := 1 Pe := I R Pe = 0.4 kW W e := Pe t W e = 7.

7.2 10 J The kinetic energy in the car is given by 0.5Mv2 M := 2000 lb M = 2000 lb 1 kg 2.205 lb
5 2

I := 20.0 A
2

t := 30 min

Pe = ( 20.0 A ) 1

W e = 0.4 kW 30 min

60 sec min

M = 907.185 kg W ke = 1 2 M v
2

but

W ke := W e

so:

We =

1 2

M v

solving for the velocity:

v :=

2 W e M m s mi hr

which yields:

v = 39.841

converting to mph:

v = 89.122

Problem 1-2 A large fan requires 300 lb ft of torque at 1750 rpm Given: T := 300 lb ft n r := 1750

Solution: HP 5252 T= nr HP := T n r 5252 lb ft hp lb ft hp

a. From equation 1-14:

solving for horsepower:

HP = 99.96 hp

So essentially a 100 hp motor is required b. converting to watts: kW hp kW hp

Pout = HP 0.7457

:= 0.9

Pout := 99.96 hp 0.7457 Pout = 74.54 kW Pout

Pin :=

Pin = 82.82 kW

Problem 1-3 Given: Solution: The voltage is the RMS value, so the peak voltage is the RMS times the square root of 2. Vpk := 2 Vrms Vpk = 11.27 kV The energy stored in the electric field is given by: W e := 1 2 1 2 C Vpk
2

Vrms := 7.97 kV

C := 41.6 F

We =

41.6 F ( 11.27 kV)

3

W e = 2.642 10 J The capacitor stores less than 3 kJ

Problem 1-4 Given: Solution: The energy stored in the magnetic field is given by: W m := 1 2 1 2 Lsc I
2

I := 10000 A

Lsc := 1.0 H

Wm =

1.0 H ( 10000 A )

W m = 5 10 J The inductor stores 50 MJ! Much higher energy densities can be achieved with magnetic fields than with electric fields

Problem 1-5 First we need to find the potential energy obtained by going to the top of the building: Given: Solution: h = 1000 ft h = 304.8 m M := 70 kg 1 m 3.281 ft h := 1000 ft

The gravitational constant is:

g = 9.807

m s
2

The potential energy is

W pe := M g h W pe = 2.092 10 J
5

which yields

The person would burn up at least that much energy. Converting to calories, yields: W pe = 209.2 kJ 1 cal 4.184 J

W pe = 4.997 10 cal Dividing by 1000 yields dietetic calories: W pe = 49.99 dcal

So walking up 100 flights of stairs would burn 50 calories. Of course the process isn't 100% efficient so you would actually burn more than that.

Problem 1-6 First we need to find the potential energy obtained by lifting the car: M := 5000 lb M = 5000 lb 1 kg 2.205 lb
3

h := 6 ft h = 6 ft 1 m 3.281 ft

M = 2.268 10 kg

h = 1.829 m

The gravitational constant is:

g = 9.807

m s
2

The potential energy is

W pe := M g h W pe = 4.067 10 J t := 10 sec
4

which yields

The lift operates in 10 seconds so the power is: Plift := W pe t

3

Plift = 4.067 10 W Since the hydraulic system is 30% efficient, the input power is: Pin := Plift 0.30

Pin = 13.558 kW Pin = 13.56 kW Pin = 18.182 hp Thus it would require a 20 horsepower motor 1 hp 0.7457 kW

Problem 1-7: The average power for the year is the total energy delivered divided by the number of hours in a year. Welec := 1.75 ( 10) kW hr
11

hours := 52 wk 7

day wk
3

24

hr day

hours = 8.736 10 hr Welec hours

Pavg :=

Pavg = 2.003 10 MW The utility generates 20,000 MW on average b. eff := 0.28 Win := Welec eff
18

Win = 2.25 10

J BTU

Win = 2.133 10

15

Thus the input energy is 2.133 Quads

c. From Table 1-1, one Quad is 45 million tons of coal Coal := 2.133 45000000 ton Coal = 9.598 10 ton
7

Problem 1-8: Demand := 38 MW Rated := 8.5 dollar kW Energy := 12 10 kW hr Ratee := 0.028 dollar kW hr
6

Bill := Demand Rated + Energy Ratee Bill = 38,000 kW * $8.50 + 12,000,000 * $0.028 Bill = 6.59 10 dollar The electric bill is $659,000 for that month!
5

Problem 1-9: At rated output, the power out of the generator is 100 KW. Since we are given the efficiency, we can solve for the power into the generator: Pgout := 100 kW := 0.93 Pgin := Pgout
5

Pgin = 1.075 10 watt So the engine must provide 107.5 KW at the shaft. There are 746 W/hp - converting to HP yields: 1 hp 0.746 kW

Pgin = 107.5 kW Pgin = 144.196 hp

Since the engine is only 35% efficient, we can find the input power to the engine: e := 0.35 Pein := Pgin e
5

Pein =

107.5 kW 0.35

Pein = 3.072 10 watt In one hour, there are 3600 seconds, so the energy provided by the gasoline in one hour is: W gas := Pein 3600 sec W gas = 1.106 10 joule Converting to BTUs: W gas = 1.048 10 BTU
6 9

which is the amount of energy required in one hour

One gallon of gas provides 125,000 BTUs: Gas := 125000 Gallons := BTU gal the number of gallons of gas required per hour

W gas Gas

Gallons = 8.386 gal

per hour