PROBLEM 5.

10
Show that as
1
r approaches
2
, r the location of the centroid approaches that
of a circular arc of radius ( )
1 2
/ 2. r r +

SOLUTION

First, determine the location of the centroid.
From Fig. 5.8A:
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2 2 2
2
2
sin
2

3
y r A r

= =

( )
2
2
2 cos
3
r

Similarly
( )
( )
2
1 1 1 1
2
2
2 cos

3
y r A r

= =

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2 1 1
2 2
2 2
3 3
2 1
2 cos 2 cos
Then
3 3
2
cos
3
yA r r r r
r r

( (
=


=

( )
2 2
2 1
2 2
2 1
and
2 2
2
A r r
r r

| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
| |
=
|
\ .

( ) ( )
2 2 3 3
2 1 2 1
3 3
2 1
2 2
2 1 2
Now
2
cos
2 3
2 cos

3
Y A yA
Y r r r r
r r
Y
r r

=
(
| |
=
| (
\ .

=




PROBLEM 5.10 CONTINUED
Using Figure 5.8B, Y of an arc of radius ( )
1 2
1
is
2
r r +
( )
( )
( )
2
1 2
2
sin
1
2
Y r r

= +

( )
1 2
2
1 cos
( )
2
r r

= +

(1)
( )
( )
( )( )
2 2
3 3
2 1 2 1 2 1
2 1
2 2
2 1 2 1 2 1
2 2
2 1 2 1
2 1
Now
r r r r r r
r r
r r r r r r
r r r r
r r
+ +

=
+
+ +
=
+

2
1
Let r r
r r
= +
=

Then ( )
1 2
1
2
r r r = +
( ) ( )( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
3 3
2 1
2 2
2 1
2 2
and
3
2
r r r r r r
r r r r
r
r
+ + + +
=
+ +
+
=

1 2
In the limit as 0 (i.e., ), then r r =
3 3
2 1
2 2
2 1
1 2
3

2
3 1
( )
2 2
r r
r
r r
r r

= +

so that ( )
1 2
2
2 3 cos
3 4
Y r r

= +

or ( )
1 2
2
1 cos
2
Y r r

= +

W
Which agrees with Eq. (1).






PROBLEM 5.11
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

SOLUTION
First note that symmetry implies 0 X = W

2
2 2 in., 45 r = =

( ) ( )
( )
4
2
4
2 2 2 sin
2 sin
1.6977 in.
3 3
r
y

= = =


2
, in A , in. y
3
, in yA
1 ( ) ( )
1
4 3 6
2
=

1

6

2 ( )
2
2 2 6.283
4

=

2 0.3024 y =

1.8997

3 ( ) ( )
1
4 2 4
2
=

0.6667

2.667

8.283

5.2330

Then Y A yA =

( )
2 3
8.283 in 5.2330 in Y = or 0.632 in. Y = W




PROBLEM 5.12
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

SOLUTION


2
, mm A , mm x , mm y
3
, mm xA
3
, mm yA
1 (40)(90) 3600 = 15 20 54 000 72 000
2

( ) ( ) 40 60
2121
4

=

10

15

6750

10 125

3
( ) ( )
1
30 45 675
2
=
25.47 19.099 54 000 40 500
6396 101 250 21 375

Then XA xA =

( )
2 3
6396 mm 101 250 mm X = or 15.83 mm X = W
and YA yA =

( )
2 3
6396 mm 21 375 mm Y = or 3.34 mm Y = W




PROBLEM 5.13
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

SOLUTION


2
, mm A , mm x , mm y
3
, mm xA
3
, mm yA
1

( ) ( )
2
40 80 2133
3
=
48 15 102 400 32 000
2

( ) ( )
1
40 80 1600
2
=

53.33

13.333

85 330

21 330

533.3 17 067 10 667

Then X A XA =

( )
2 3
533.3 mm 17 067 mm X = or 32.0 mm X = W
and Y A yA =

( )
2 3
533.3 mm 10 667 mm Y = or 20.0 mm Y = W





PROBLEM 5.14
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

SOLUTION


2
, mm A , mm x , mm y
3
, mm xA
3
, mm yA
1

( )( )
2
150 240 24 000
3
=

56.25

96

1 350 000

2 304 000

2

( ) ( )
1
150 120 9000
2
=

50

40

450 000

360 000

15 000 900 000 1 944 000

Then X A xA =

( )
2 3
15 000 mm 900 000 mm X = or 60.0 mm X = W
and Y A yA =

( )
2
15 000 mm 1 944 000 Y = or 129.6 mm Y = W




PROBLEM 5.15
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

SOLUTION


2
, in A , in. x , in. y
3
, in xA
3
, in yA
1

( ) ( )
1
10 15 50
3
=

4.5

7.5

225

375

2

( )
2
15 176.71
4

=

6.366

16.366

1125

2892

226.71 1350 3267

Then X A x A =

( )
2 3
226.71 in 1350 in X = or 5.95 in. X = W
and Y A y A =

( )
2 3
226.71 in 3267 in Y = or 14.41 in. Y = W





PROBLEM 5.16
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

SOLUTION


2
, in A , in. x , in. y
3
, in xA
3
, in yA
1

( ) ( )
2
8 8 42.67
3
=

3

2.8

128

119.47

2

( ) ( )
2
4 2 5.333
3
=

1.5

0.8

8

4.267

37.33 120 123.73

Then X A x A =

( )
2 3
37.33 in 120 in X = or 3.21 in. X = W
and Y A y A =

( )
2 3
37.33 in 123.73 in Y = or 3.31 in. Y = W






PROBLEM 5.17
The horizontal x axis is drawn through the centroid C of the area shown
and divides the area into two component areas A
1
and A
2
. Determine
the first moment of each component area with respect to the x axis, and
explain the results obtained.

SOLUTION

Note that
x
Q yA =
Then ( )
2
1
5 1
m 6 5 m
3 2
x
Q
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
or ( )
3 3
1
25.0 10 mm
x
Q = W
and ( )
2 2
2
2 1 1 1
2.5 m 9 2.5 m 2.5 m 6 2.5 m
3 2 3 2
x
Q
| || | | || |
= +
| | | |
\ .\ . \ .\ .

or ( )
3 3
2
25.0 10 mm
x
Q = W
Now ( ) ( )
1 2
0
x x x
Q Q Q = + =
This result is expected since x is a centroidal axis ( ) thus 0 y =
and ( ) 0 0
x x
Q y A Y A y Q = = = =



PROBLEM 5.18
The horizontal x axis is drawn through the centroid C of the area shown
and divides the area into two component areas A
1
and A
2
. Determine
the first moment of each component area with respect to the x axis, and
explain the results obtained.

SOLUTION
First, locate the position y of the figure.


2
, mm A , mm y
3
, mm yA
1 160 300 48 000 = 150 7 200 000
2 150 80 16 000 = 160 2 560 000
32 000 4 640 000

Then Y A y A =

( )
2 3
32 000 mm 4 640 000 mm Y =
or 145.0 mm Y =




PROBLEM 5.18 CONTINUED
( )
I I
6 3
:
155 115
(160 155) 80 115
2 2
1.393 10 mm
A Q yA =
( = +

= W

( ) ( )
II II
6 3
:
145 85
160 145 80 85
2 2
1.393 10 mm
A Q yA =
(
=
(

= W

( )
area I II
Q 0
x
Q Q = + =
Which is expected since
x
Q yA yA = = and 0 y = ,
since x is a centroidal axis.