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=
p
v f
= =
The Lossless Line
Condition:
One gets
0, LC = =
0 R G = =
8
The other parameters are:
o
L
Z
C
=
2 2
LC
= =
1
p
v
LC
= =
The voltage reflection coefficient at the load
Terminated Lossless Line
9
The voltage reflection coefficient at the load
is:
/ 1
/ 1
o L o L o
L o L o
o
V Z Z Z Z
Z Z Z Z
V
+
= = =
+ +
l j
e l
2
) 0 ( ) (
=
Power flow:
Return loss:
2
2
o
i
av
o
V
P
Z
+
=
2
2
r i
av av
P P =
2
2
1
2
o
av
o
V
P
Z
+
(
=
10
Standing wave ratio (SWR) is defined as
max
min
1
1
V
S
V
+
= =
RL 20log dB =
The input impedance of a length of
transmission line with an arbitrary load
impedance is:
in
cos sin
cos sin
L o
o
o L
Z l jZ l
Z Z
Z l jZ l
( +
=
(
+
11
Special Cases of Lossless Terminated Lines
Half-wave line
In this case,
/ 2 l m =
2
( 0,1, 2,...)
m
l m m
= = =
12
Then:
Implication?
2
( 0,1, 2,...)
2
m
l m m
= = =
( / 2)
in L
Z l m Z = =
Quarter-wave transformer
For this case, then,
2
(2 1) (2 1) ( 0,1, 2,...)
4 2
l m m m
= + = + =
2
13
Can be used for matching two impedances
Z
o1
and Z
o3
, when the transformer has an
impedance
2
in
( / 4)
o
L
Z
Z l
Z
= =
2 1 3 o o o
Z Z Z =
Short-circuited line
0
L
Z =
1 =
s =
in
tan
o
Z jZ l =
(Purely reactive input impedance)
14
Inductive for
Application in microwave and high-speed ICs
tan 0: tan
eq o
l j L jZ l > =
eq
1
tan 0: tan
o
l jZ l
j C
(
| |
+
|
(
\
Therefore:
1 1
2 2
o
o
C L R
R G GZ
L C Z
| |
| |
+ = +
|
|
\
\
LC
18
By the same order of approximation:
Thus Z
o
and for low-loss lines can be
closely approximated to that of lossless lines
o
L
Z
C