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ei:l"J6~& ~1:S:J..)tt1oe.y.cw.
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a '119'
eiJ~y:S~e)<6J
1. G e!l
ti;o> : al)§ (~§s;;S:o) f!ll§ (t5:r>~)
Q)pt.?~
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a.s&C SI~~?
2. Company !&o~~
2. ConnDon.S";;):).;5 (a;§g)4ion")
-
a:e'
fi"
e~5oi:S<pC:;~o
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et:t50iSroce"o
1, Took
OJ§ (fi~S";6J)
2. Book
4. Look
1.
qreall0~
'?;j'
(Fi"~J) Ca.i5:JJb)
n"
2. Game i15J
4. Goal ~6
(Il§b)
3 .. GiveF\5
(K<S:lS~)
eO' : G
;We)
(8e)~~SJ6oS)
1. Gem 3. Germ
2d~
(6~d.0)
4. Soon:JY>~ (ff,stYJ)
d3"J_ (@,lli)
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etSJ5otS2Jl::lbO 2. Then
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1. Question
~.s~5 (l;{).a',i)
t
1. Thin
e,:5 (~i:Sm
=e=
'S @~6:JoE).
'"
(O"~o)
'\:5'
11"
GiS,)5otSe:lCbO
~~o (D~oS:o)
(!I5g)~~)
Chain
E.'5
(1"fe.u<0J)
f'6E:)
4. Future ~$60
8. Y - e..._si6-~e ~~
'~'l1"~, e!:l": Y 'IQ.'
~~
;;5~oQ.
<!!liS:lJ~ei:lJeo\SaJ~ilJoe. ~e e,.jJeoi;S;;o~~o~.
t}6J~
iT'
=o=
(~G)
's::l"l1"~
1. FeJouny~&;:J 2. Policy
ec::l": .i)ae.;~ 11"
G;ltS~Q)O"45oSJJ} Cl
Y 'ro'
GO"JtSt<l o:i~oe,.
1. Rice
2~ (ID~oSJJ)
eFJ.;)
(~ot'5.:Jb)
~ge r~§o)
~~ 'r)'
3. Receive
2. Tyral1t~6~
8a ~I';lo""
e_,"n<>
~..,,~.O)
6. G - oS tl~tSt'CI
~ec:J"
~Gl"tSQOl1"
;;seJ:)~~oe.
~~:O§
IT-'
®go
=e=
ai"l1"
(~6e'§.sOSJJ)
S"~ oJ"o~eJClt:l"J6E'"ae.;~ e~6ro
;;)0&
e..se5§ ooC0i'Joo~iSt:Jg)
OS_UIP~O S"a)~
;3~~.W"D.
'Ci.06~ ;sy,~~~s
~go
®.:::DJ~,
etJ':)6f:<Jw
;3;;;o!iJ:;) ~5~
~eJe.;~ (fuw~r1"
;iJ<>e;S<S ~d:'5..""U.
G-iSJOo6aJdbo-
GW",Y:Sf:<Jifu aJ~
(.i3~J)
1!!lr::u;::S5oi:SCo;;5e.;;::i
'i9,O~~
6i3JoC" I§PcfuOS~r5J
L Cagesffi 3. Paget,a-
7. T - ~ ewolSt<>e ~~Sol1"
G~6C<1 ~~oE:J. 17
01----------4
~Ill-:
-----~O
;;Scjiltmv
Asia, B-urma.
a:l ;;§~ ~~?
I
PARTS OF SPEECH
oJ6O'mru
~I;i)
axe'. bell, computer. desk. eraser, fan, grinder; hanger" ironbox :::J5JOoJa:lC8"0Xl. !3~0Xl~&'
®~
®~6~e>a
®.!ic5~v
:»C'i~
p. e, n @;fu
~6J~
~~;;:o Nouns
f1"
o:iei'\Q~IS:l.
5"a:l~
ecS~
.otIDS
6 @~6t..:oe.;
@o6s<J""< ~--::I ...
®;;»godSJ~
;3;;)J.:6.:5J,)<fu.
~e):6xe.> ~O" j~~o
't~~
·~O:J~;6Bal:.
Noun
A,l @;fuoo6
.osa @~gJcl.
2. PRONOUN (~C)S~~~):
John is just sixteen years old, John has no brothers or sisters. John's birthday is on June 4th. John's father is a fanner. J hn helps John' father in John's spare time.
iilrujtit:i?J;:fu.
~rn§
4,90,000 <06;1).)0)So~.
jJfi' 3,00,000
a:l~
oS6oiuru
rio;;:,». <0605J.:Jo;fu - OJ"!5"~0& @O ~6$oiS:J g)~o;6.) g)<?z3oi:J'>lS.:J. £)e~ 'Parts of Speech' oS~oSJJG)) @;:)t,.1iJ.
';;:;~~Ei' <;:r>K;;,me.u~
aO"
(!!i1;)Ji0s ;;J5ip";;.)_& "Word Classes (<06~o 1. Noun 2. Pronoun 3. Adjective 4. Verb 5. Adverb 6. Pre-po-si-tion 7. Con-j unc-tion 8. In-ter-jec-tion.
(ij",'5)
ZYOo:i.ifu
eo
g)~OIT" lp'ijcS;SJ<>..
~e.;,~I!,;6ifuc
i:J'>0' @<6'::::"'woIT"<totmon.
r:J"<6.:JoStS!5"Q.S:n
g);B;;':jE<lG':ro
(@"i5"~) ;so,:)r;Jl'<6.:J;;,m
(.,j cS~')
elCJ
John is just sixteen years old. He has no brothers or sisters. John's birthday is on June 4th. His father is a farmer. He helps hls father in spare time. ~ ParagraphcSoe)tl J-Ie" FJjs ~;fu
~tJ'DJ
J~M
a:liilruIT"cll.OScfu<>f\o,;J
(~~)
(di..",E;
§dSJ
tnc,;:$g).
John ~~ ;6~g<::JCSJwIT",
®~
~9J) L§d5F
g)~i0.e<l;fu) ~6c:m
John
NOll.!1
([?lsJ6~<4~) g)Q~~
'Pronouns'
!!;!)otJ'>1SJ.
(s:'5eao~5) <6,;m;::SJcfu;;ID
('Cl,otJo eao~~) ~~@S ~StJ"",gs~
3. ADJECTIVE
1. Mary IS
it
(!?~ ~K~~
1. NOUN
a.;) ~i0s
(N"'~QJ'>iS!&~ ~~ ;6oa:lo~ot:);;J ~~?
~;StS~)
<60(!)O~otl<Sg).
girl
11. ool;i)
OJ"~So$:o6 clever
~<S:l ;;:Je);m
:J:aot~):
f!!l6;:Soi1<' Jo1il!:il
<6.:J;fu~v!fu
Abdul, boy, child, daughter. electrician, father gardian, hero. .~~ ~~ ~~?
23o£il~o ~~
I. Lucy is an innocent girl. What kind of? innocent girl. 2. "laney has a green saree, What colour ? green saree. 3.. Rosy has three sisters. How many sisters ? three sisters . 4. I want that book. Which one'? that book.
_M.
'}Ii-. --~~
~118
Sl.~g5~-O
,~
19l,.-·
------___,C)
~ W"s~oTImo6J ~o:o?
@~
innocent
green, Nouns
three,
thaI
@;:).)
;J !)t;,~ ;;'H5$~~cw?
gilr, saree,
isters, book
;fu;ociJoc,
.>J"8
('\)~OS.::U
5. ADVERB (@dSJo =:J~05.~~): @-u;;,o ~;g~~ful @t6i'1" ~~? LsdSJr:JJ g)~~oO ~;;5J~e:,.
Rosy walks slowly. Rosy walks. How'! slowly.
s.t:5Jt!J
~e;i)6(Which
slowly
(j:Jtr>;:S;fu:)~) i5~t:5:J<5J.E).
S"~rS
~ ~oe~~~ ~~
.
oJe.§f)co~ Q
White dogs @~;:S ~s6-e)6'
(;:S~~l5J~J
aO"'g)~eotJ
g)t;l"'~o:m)
@<51l"
a;;5y.:5J~E).
slowly
(~O"<6ori")
white dog
@R:l. SJs6-eJ~
(n <.JJ~soSn<:lJ
ODJl 8~;:fu)
oms&. o:se[i)fi~
Nouns ~
a.t:SJ~
o:wo6Joc
e3O~tii
g)]~ot'J
aD"
[jOS50w
~;;J-.:l c...r
tomorrow
~6S.:s;:so::oo ; Noune'iW"
de.u~ o.)c:S.>S.JJ;:SSJ[j~~ECloiJ:J) ( Definition:
Pronoun
@;::)
rJo~~;;u
Adverb~cm
aD"
~6"S
adverb
dbJ~6
'tlil.
~;S~ow 5~eiloe.
iJ"e.."" ;5)ot:l a,"otiS)
An Adjective is a word used to tell the quality, colour or @St;Y>;:S~;:S o.)6oSn ~ a,[j ~!be5? oSiSJm
El:!Js, tiJ.:JociJ<6,l
oun Adjective
gcod eszo <56;fuJ ;;:, Part of Speech? Adjective. ';:o<:nO'So;:S? girl @;fu ~ ;;S~o~;:;1)<5do6:l<6, Very
~ 'S"a:Je5
r.J
~6~d~.:J
cSg::~~5? ~~~oE)?
:'?JO";SOfl"
good®i6J A dverb.
:;S6.:Jn~~~6)
;;S~~~
~ ~oe
1, I lit the lamp
Qj"t)~~e.lJ
oJe.s(J~~
G;3~ 6oS;:ID;fu ~Vf'lowB:::»
(;;3i6J ~~d.&,!§
(~e:l)eJ.)
~ ~sSoa slowly
I§J"~@:::»
;;56~
@i6J ;;56~
oS60 ~ Part of Speech @~eilof:J. : 10\v1y ~<6:J adverb r.J. Adverb, ~6~i5;:S~:
g)~~E"ilo:m;:5.) t'l"~
S"a:l~
ve~b. S"~;S.verbj:J
®~
2.,1 wrote a letter yeasrerday, 3. The fan is on; the table. 4. He will be free tomorrow 5.1 have a nicewatch, 6. She had a necklace. 5J OJ"§,;6;o&:::> "'2J 0'SC5;:ID~ ~ebvr:JJ,
~iSJ§ ~
e16tmiSJ
(®t)6
(~;;x,
~oJl
&,~
I!I.;..,,~~
~oe..."'6)
'G3<fu <!,A t:S!:l&i!J Qj1>.5~ S[)l1dio~i6J) ~~R);:5) ~Df\Cl:5.xJoc;.Sj) O'S~v;:5) is .. will be@iSJ ctmoC:leJr6J oeJ.)~.,:;D<flclg:). oeJ.)~ oSc:S~tl~ ®iSJ oScl;:IDw
e..s ~dDi6J
to
rF~.
e..~ ~;;3;;':,_E"iloS.JJi6:J
e3tJ"> ~5"s
LSdJ.:ro
cSBot'il oScl~<5J
Definition
lit .. wrote
6,
;;56omv~ciSJJo
l§dSJe3
@~8"Q)),
: oS<:XJor6J. ~~oiSJ.
@~
~[Jf\dIDol:SJ~<6:l
book ;:iIoc,
't1:SJ.
cllocibo,
;GoeJoQ";!.).J_W:;J)elJ~ o
;;5~~
~t§~;;m
O-~f)aob~§5O"'-~11
21.~r: ------......,0
&Dflot:)iS ~;fu<Q)ei1oB? The book is the table (~§l&~ [3:mw) 'P"'oSo;J1S..)~6Jo5. @oc;o;je>;;J Preposition n ~;;S03,,~f)o.:lCSa;to. 0500<6 (Bridge) oo6i1":J ~6ome>;fu and etc.
6l.El Jack, &,c:ro :
oo~
oJD"e>
Subject ~;$ooB
(w)
~o:S~lio-$" Pronounsti
csa
@iSl1" "Preposition
e:;-"Ifi!!~' ~<PJfJoi$oe.
2. me
(!:o)
7. CONJUNCTION
@o~~oej Conjunction
~rnOJJbSJ
6oJO'iJoflot:5J
®o6:Jm. well as, or, so, therefore, neither .. nor. both ... .,;)o6,JoSe><6?
Sl,gj
3. mine 4. .my
5. 6.
7.
C@£i)
@)
@?@~) (~&) (@<f) (@oSe)
<J'>,
~6io!36
;;)O"c);::)) §U)oJKeJO"?
oo~
aocs~
acS:J.
my self
we
S"e)~.
;;)0"C);ill
;;'ira~;fu
onjuncuon
us
our
Olin;
~;;5l)J> ~c:Se,);fu
03:xl8& ~;S, .toi6 ciliJSJ_
~g),
8. 9.
(@CSO,j)
(@;;Se~o.s~) (~)
;fut>e.
:fu~.
;6)<5E1. cfu;:Sg)
f"i"~. ®~
o:J'>s~O'l::J;:))
~b.:;.
~8S
ourselves
;fu;&J.
~;S;&. ~;:5:!.)~
!Do dIDt:;g.
~g).
you
your yours yourself yourselves
(dfuCSo) (c.fu)oSoJ)
g:;_,.."iJ.
(dllioSD~& )
(eiilJ05o ~~!S)
(~)
~<B
@ot'i~;S ~CS;S~~
5"(5).
e..~..s (oh)
he
him his himself she her hers herself it
its
""
~tl, ~cfuJad
@66
eo 1?
tS:mp~;5)
-i~;;-m
~ 2?;J1'~J.. OU'l~6J~E)?
(®~~. @l;;b
(~.\W)
(~e) (~.lli~~) (~) (~o) (~o.J) ®O!§~. @6::JCfuJ!3g. @o!§j.,)_. @~g)CiliJ!3l-
o:SJ"66J.
~,;:r>~d a~;;SdiJ?
<\J"oSc;.'me.J;fu
(!9ill
@~~.
: ~i6J~Jd' se.u(i;, ~!:'l~J!3 e1CP Ko~~~oS 6W;;J) .ta:,;;ID:cli6J 'I nterject ion' @~~6:l. ~6S';s;::Sim Definition: An interjection sudden feeling.
@illam~2"
"
(~o~1J)
(s,eJ') (dl~J) (s,e;j~e)j) ((j)
(!9;;b, ~~~
®EI, P"~
CJ":O. 0"~ciliJ86-
itself they
@5.
W"~
O-~sA)a~§§~-~
-~
'.!i--
._
.41
®g).
OJ"6J
234Jt.-----~<\O
28. 29.
them
(a~)
OJ"6,~, OJ"61O
15. 16. IT
;;:r>e'j;:3
(S~) (;&)
l'i~ifu,
Kv&., Kv~
;;)iSJJ~ .:6iSJJ~ 6n:i.)~ .zy,~~oiSJ
their
(aOJ.)o) (BOJ.)r5,,)
.ca;ill~e)S) ) (e~)
OY5,
o:F5ciliJS
a.
30.
31.
theirs
themselves
(~t))
(o))~)
OJ"B,
qQ,
.0J"6;;3,
@~,
..,
32. this
33. 34. 35. ,36.
that
~
@
dare need
rer5) (!:;C;)
to
(6e3')
@a,
8,g), @g),
@05;()6~ru
;;)e)~;:SEl O::i)
these those
who
C5eS') Cefre)
(~) (wo6)
(~5J (.::::.."'O"~)
(~re)
t.Jti\ ~ OJ"iS;l,es
ought
(~6 t!.D)
used to
(dW>&Ci
.;)OS~ .. .;)OS6J
~C),
.:;::i"~S~ "JC<lod O
@4i,gdSJ;So jdJJo~.
@5.:6:P!P~L~
r:JSp
37.
38. 39. 40.
~~e., ~, ~& @Q
~
.;:).;Se CfuJ!::l1
~El,
Conjugation (~d5Jto ~CSS ~~§): verb Cib:lS.1conjugation 1. base ~CSo 2. apst indefinite 610.;:60, 3. past participle Eg : Clean - Cleaned - cleaned. Base 6Jt.;;bo;:5)ot,Pa:st indefinite.
ale Verbs
~~bSJ
1:S.""'~t);5J LOJ"~c).).
5KJoS ;:5~d5J!3
@.Q.))~ (Auxiliary
past participlefuooJoeD
!:l6j1 ~Q";6<fuJ;:5)
.:6~o~K~~. l.
SifuS
be
lZ"l6~1'F &9Qsi'..lol:5oe.,
cl;o?il,
@r)),
@0J.)60~
..,
ao~
6szmwfi"
g)lP211oCSiSJ)ifu. @.D: ~
I) Regular Verbs 2) Irregular Verbs l. Regular Eg ; look ms Verbs: Base 6Jo~<SJJ;:SSJ nee) d"~ \55..)<6 past Indefinite,
be am is
was
em
(o:5T>5J )
(ea~ (0:.<2) (;;')0)
~oeg)J.
2.
3.
cllN'd~
e<6d_G), Gi:JC',CJ C>.
aoelO, eoc;6.)
@0t!J'>6J.
looked ms~
4. 5. 6.
7.
were bave
bas
eoe~. t<;oco.6J;:Sd.~.
. sDf\diD~Ei , §[Jf\ctmoc;5J cl;~g). e"'d_6J. ad.ilJ a~6"a~oEi,
(~~)
(oJ£;§)
(.;;J-GCi) (@o) (~) (~&) (eE)
S[)f'lomN'd.~,
2. Irregular
OOSO" S":'£oC"
~6"i~ Verbs
e~<SJJ.
ate ~e5
eaten
eating
GatSon
e} 1) Base 2) Past J) past participle Present Partici pIe ~oJoe)66~
@~:
;3al:o;fu ;37.:0;W
.:6a~
~;fu
shall will
(:-46)
(:Jv) ~'11l "'1.".
~t;;"c:SJ .<l;)~ Verbs ~3 tSszme.DfIC' :JlP<60t.:l;;:)tiJJc:SJ. verb 2) 4 part verb 3) 5 part verb.
1) 31 part
~ 24 ~ ~
<,
~s.\}
aoQ!i §55..,--,()
~o~a~i!S~w:
~~im~~
~;6;);o;:)S:.
Verbs
o:)goLlJb~
@g)
verbs
OJ
Cfuls&
Base
burst
eJ~
burst
burst
bursting
A,B;C
ro&iS
cast
(.)
rol:S'§
8)o~on
Q
"B" ~. Past
~~~I'O
cast
l§De§~
cast
~ge3"h
'casting
S"e')~on
~2
cost
S"~ t)
6sc6.D~;fu ~~eO"o'ill.
'"
6:1~.s~~6cldilS;:D
cut
SOS:g
ISJ~
6:1~.s~
costing S"~on OJ ~e6rU..:lJ cutting
cost
No. 1.
tlso:ill
Base
cut
Past
[last Particip Ie
cut
AAA
ABC ABB
56
~e')
cuts6
!§e3"
2.
3. 4. 5.
!:ie5
SSd5:0, @X:l.;6tl:>~. forecast
!3e)
~~;6)
~~ofi ~~
forecast forecasting ~oS"~on st;:JsoB~
ABA AAB
run6i5
beal
ran OOSi5
beatme3"
"
"
tJej
beaten
6;p~~
tJiij~
~,,)~oi=;&
forecast
l.AAA 6s;:m: 'aoe$) Verbs oto~ Conjugation (j~ 3 11"::J, Pronounication beset ef 11"::J e...~ .o~oC!" e.oeJ'"cm. beset beset
!iJ6oS"S~
~;:JJioa~j'
!iJ6oS"S~
~i6e')ot5~J;:D forecasted
IPSOS"e') ~C;
~osas~
rFrJe')oB~..) forecasted
besetting
ar~6
..:lJt.:o;:IDb)ei1o .., Q bet:
anJeJ
iSJt.:ooiD &3<i> e.> .., bel, betted aleS, ro~C;, oSoaoS"~;:D bid
[l~6
.:hl!.IloiD~ e.> e.> bet, betted
eJ~e'3ofi
t;).
~o5"S~l5
03"8";;S6~oa!J.).:;p1l a~
;;:p~oSOt~oB~'p hit
o:l"eJ'>;) tS~oa~.)<6J
hit
hit
hitting
~eJ
betting
ibue50n ..,
burting ~50fi t:l 11"oi>Q)t&J6,..~
e36
oSOQOS"ctm bid
~eJ, ii;1~C;,
;6oao~~
aeon e»
~oaoS"~, bidding ID~on ;;3e)o~li)OOo'
aJ"lil. hurt
§"~,
B"S:l,
hUlt
hurt
bid
tJl5 ;;3c:_)o~e. bidden
~~O
Q
~o
t.l
tJc,
~e:Joi:)t.6
IDfl
~e,)o~G::;:D bade ~E
knittting
~~ofi
@~~
:JtJ
~~, let
~2S"~~ a;
-,...Jl
@Q;:D
@w>~oi::SJ ....
@le?~oB;:D broadcast
@.. i"'C;~~ eo) @JQ<>60 ;3~;6J
!
'"
rgS":iJoiJ
broadcast
~C;S"~
...
let aeS
letting aelon OJ
@;6,);fuu~
broadcasting
a~
Cll);fu;fuaoiSJ
a~
~l5~~on
Q'
Balli
@li:)Q60
Brv
lelLl!'oo ~.~
Qr-------d!
~~l
26 j:-' --~s;5ao~g50Ol__o
outbid
outbid
outbid
outbiding
rhru • st
... ~
thrust
fhlllSt: ~
~fu
thrusting
~eSe:J~
6JGe5 r1"~tSJJ;10~ oJ.>dJ
put
,ffJe3"IDe;
~eSe:JC;
6JGe§ n" ~.::DJ
l;ioS:i
put
eteSn" ~;j)J
l;itss> ~ar:lJ put ~~
'"
I@~ C)
@@
·eJ
L6~ofi L~~
undetb~ding
l¢cilli, S»66;l
underbid
l!:\lo~oIDC;,
.l?7vi'SJ underbid
iiJ..a
underbid
~e3'
;;J)tS quit
~e:g.
quit:
~e:lo86~&<6!b ~~ upset
@)'~~ej
@o~oaJc.;
$ot$O'lleoo
'W
;ii~od ~fu6-;;SS:i~P..loQ~!&:l~oSfu
~o.:iJ quit
~a
upset
l!§l~~~
f.Se5
~<fu. read
.
§Se3
~&D~·e.:u 'to
;;Sy.>;;J;;iI
§.seS
.s,.,fJ
upset
®~~e5
6~@,olSJe:>c:msrS:l
read
read
6e:>@o6Jvr\'
2. ABC t5~0S;;.;i
i:'J..)~ofi&~~
6e:>@OcD,2.
Conjugation
eotJ"cm ~. 5
be
t:lcS:l~
rid
"Be;
.::lo;:iJtS;J rid
oc.;
t:l8~ rid
be.on
.:5~@~ riding
ao6J6 Verbsam~6-
&':J ~~
being
~-~e:>J"
be i:l
Prollunciation&rf>:;) was
~~Or1"
part verbs .
been
BCi
';:'e,~lO~,
Be;
~~Joiil ,D~t::J.oCl;fu set
elK
set @oiJ5DJ shut
ec:;on ~c:;~~,
setting
W"&
®CIDSrSJ ate
tJ~
@cm
£OllOR
@~~
~XJ. e.o~
eat
set
~e.)
eaten ~B,!5
~;o
eating
~eS
®c5J0J;6J shut
~e'lon
t.l
~6
fji'SJ forbid
[;)e5
e;;:'ii'SJ forbade
Ga~or; 30~
forbidding
®oiJ6:>J~ shutting
forbidden
oS.eS
~o:ID, ;llJo@§,,<fu
7S.a
~~;fu
~elon
G)
~oB)~
6"6i'SJ, <6~(6) forgive
~o~C;
so6;;J<fu
qso!la~
soCS:O forgiven
;;,)of\~~
o')o$)~or;
5"6o~
~~ slitting
forgave
forgiving c;l6{\~ofi
............
slit
slit
~eS'
baJ;fu split
U;je.) ~05:JJ. LfD9~(fr)~<SJ spread
~.)E:
gear;
bVJ
split
~ej.
<lSoF\~
~fuoi::D
<lSOA~
~llioarSJ gave
bwj&-re splitting
give
f1~
given
115
8,;:JJifu
FI~:5 a'i)
lain
~t5011
l?'~v<Q)8Ju spreading
lP~~r6.@~eJ
spread
Le:J@E
spread
1i:'J'C; .L{I<)
a6rJ
lie
lay
.ej :66Jol:$J
lying
~JC;
oSotiJ, ~~~
~cor;
(;,)6-t5Jeiro
:e
~fJ,V"~,
E15
!&~~c:;
E_cmon
S2V"/.:i)~
<5 Di3;:SJ
~;:soo.:n
~.
(;,)L\ctmol'il
jrJ.
---J.(,
28
)11-7
--;~~
aoP::l §'<io.,-O
O-~~S5~
__
~r.l~. 9 LIT
..~.
-.1,.<.
----..,'1)1,0.
see
~
saw
seen
seeing
~)(~JJOr;
~ ~<:l<fu befell
~i5
~i'J befallen
throw
threw
iSJ"IiSJ
befalll ID~6 [:Jo~!loi5J,. blow Se.ur))
iF
~;:se;;3dfu,
withdraw
b,)~.s
~
g);:j5j~;:i)
I?~
~§~5
thrown
throwing
l¢crnoll
tJ;:j5~~
:-JrS5~~
[)~6
r:5o<';lcOot3oSJ blew
&l~a:5
;:Soa5~o[) blown
withdrew
~§~."
withdrawn
withdrawing
g:)o(r;;<>
(,j~;:So;j.>eotSJ§"'.r:D bite
~e)
tJo~crnon
r!iJo~
~~;::Jo;joeod:l§"i3;;JJ bit
~.j;;Jo~eo<:5.)so:;J6!1
.ti,
draw drew
sr~
M
E!£cmn
&aE'l
ri"[).~6J~
bitten
IDfj~
§"'1'l.I!:b
n"[)
drawn ~Z
f\"{r)
drawing
MiSJ,
chide
~6D
chid chidden i'JQ;Z'
l~
AeM, ~I!ilJ
fall
If:?cmon
falling
, ~[)ofi
h~'fu
fell
~c
BE.lJ, cDJot)[) ot:$) CJ . do ti:I
fallen
~rB
Dc em<6:J
.~
~c,.on:
et&J~ doing
did e.G
;:)tl_$oiU
a~ ~
i!5;!J
done
;j~ hidden
~Q;;!J
e5J0crnon
j~ hiding
~~,~j'"
~"1?, ~e.u
fLy flew ~
Jf\5
c,d5n,
hide
~1:;.'r::o
flown
flying
~=or; '::'
. ;)r\:li:S.)8Ju foreknowing
B"G
0'>;;)),
~c
~l<b arose
hid
?~or;
CDt5JeiJo arising @lE!Sori ~~ awoking
O"w
arisen
arise @"§.re
foreknow
fnreknev ....
foreknown ~o~£i
;;);oociJl'1" eD@§",~
~og>
<S;c.o ISm"' ee.ur6Jg"~
~o;fuoii
~o~mlOFi
;;:moO:l/"l"
@2~~
6;~g)ot:5J
oilJ,
e3,r)
awoke awoken
@.;1§~
;)~a[)
c:mo O:l/i"
~:mfuS"5'fu
;6o~~oiSJ awake
ee.ur5J~ow gomg
went
;;:'oe3"
gone ".,5"
@;Bs
~~i·5.:S:l; iJlt5e§~
1!9$iS'
~~e3B;:SJ
bore
®3gon ~LcSa~
bearing
tfcmon
~ili~
~~~ grow
;;:'gy)~
~!'JJ
grown
grey>'
growing
i&6"~~
bear borne
Lns
~&rU, ~ot:5.J know knew
oS.;--oS [lcr5.JJe eAJ<6:is:'~'fu
llf;;'l
~oPl
known
~Ol)d1
~e1J'I"P~
&o~ til
beget begot
&}t1"1!J"
itlaoR
~5~
begetting &l71t'Jon
knowing
ff :aw?0J§" 'fu.e
ff5
<'5"'Cillon
~50P begotten
8.)(1"f..J,'!5
6Jr,e.5
.S;fu, s<>1S!3cDJr'U
~r::o
s~
So~
.~,
break
broke
broken
breaking
smite
smote
smitten
smiting
@§
<6rt.lvfi"~. choose ~2f cleave
(gfs
;;J{\)e» oSl'LJeJfi"e.3;:fu Q
~:'5
@§or;
Q
~6
~~e5
;m~
§"!Jifu
C>
~J~15
§"~
p
oSrue...R"e3
chosen &~5
..;o~§"~ cloven
chose
'"
§"~.
~~or; S"t::J~,
speaking ~.)§ori ~ey.C:lruo ,., stealing tVon e> ffofl[l~ striding ffi~ori
&.g:
clove
, N.) s.
~8
speak
spoke
spoken
~s
~~cifu stole
106.)55 <fut.~e.
stolen ~a:5 Ei"ofl{)o~. stridden
.;)Ot:XlS";:fu,.;)~§"';-$) .;Jo..;i)§"~ifu
;Wot:J;.?f.:J,eoS~l!.)o~
!~
OWJ, oSKJw,
;;J i"O~ fi" f.l)
cleaving
~gJori De»Jruo driving
steal
.~
~~
baj;-$) drvoe
~~5
~o
Q-
DrnJ
driven ~.D!5
O"oflDoi:b, sumd'5.xl
..,
l~!5 ~~or;
;S6~~
stride
strode
dive
.~!)
'ffiE:
l&'~6
~Z$
Q
~c
l~(,.ifu @oKe»
l£sa.'5
L?'~.?
striven
l&'S:J&~
striving ~gJori ~0"6ei1" tearing ~eori 1:}o~~ treading
;66~.
~6J~.
~e~ifu
;6e.~
forborne
~o:m
strove
~oao
a.dtJ.
;.$~oi:SJ. Mt:b
forbear
forbore
forbearing ;::'5z3Bon
strive
qS6ff5 e...cbifu
forgot ~g1l"e) ;fu6DSJGdbifu forswore ~g?J6~Q a6~ a~ifu froze @~t';Jo
qS5e?6J. e...5J
forgotten qSo1l"~5 ;fu6w~cm forsworn.
~Z
@t!5
~C"aifu tore
~~5
e...6JJ~
.forgetting ;:Sone5on .., ;fu6w~6Jc forswearing oS.o~;}30n
~;fu.
~O"c,
K~Tl" L;;JdSJ~ot:Xl
tear
~O"a
10m
forget
qS5f1eS'
;futif)~~ forswear
e:35
Do~.wl:SJX" tread
~C;
&0
wo~;fu trod
a0d.
{)o~ trodden
~a:;)
~o1JS5
a6~ l;);;';.:J<>~o
~O~5J.
a6~
Bdfu
freeze
o~
l~el:;)
@"~~
$E'i/.;:D
l?'c lSi"Sl-iiI
woke ;5'13.
~(}lJjiil Wore
@e.ori
W'~6:
woken
~~6:~
woking
~§dr;
frozen
freezing ~<9on
(i;:;:;SbJ·~ c.;
CJ
~re
tJ
~cS
<.l
~5
r\c~e5
(j "
riden
~6"2P
worn
~6"6-otlJJ>
ridi.ng 2_e.on
£Q
~5tJdfu
nse
EN£
~ea~~
rose rj··rff 660.))0;3ifu
ec~
~Ba'/.;,
risen
wearing
;55ori
~Q
~
~o
~50~;fu
wove
~od.
~eow woven
~6B~
oJ
<';S5oii!
weave ~$
~e~
weavrng £)g:)on
rising
£@
o:l;c)OlJOt:Xl, a.:5J
2el<'5
66cmoD
.e~or;
e6cmot:D~
$'$ ~~ifu
~o:m
~~<'5 ~~
~um~
j1T:
~]? (I ~ ~
~s.'5 ~~
g.i~-O
o-~~~
[1
,
'_
;iIJ
l1!I.
betake
betaken
ID~:;)
grave
graven
graving t1\!)on
ID~s
e)ttoo<iS.xl. ~de.u forsake
0:J
:;J~b
saw
0~@
iJ~b
sawn
e.l~o~~ forsaken
a~ ~t:S:r>.
awing ;;y,cmon !il6JiSJ'o <,;) sowing KlGcmon g).6li:l:r> .J> stinking ~osori Q so~§"~,;i."", mowing ~OJJon (K~ SSrS..::;) showing ~cmon
~o~s
;Sot);;§Clfu, ~~;B~
~o;:lros
t.S6l:rj~i6:l
q)oiJs~
o.S6[)j~
i!Joc
~eJJtJ
~~
SJ~ sown
~O()~o-m,:s,..
mistaking !).i~~cn !..l ~6aJ~~ shaking ~gon
~~s
CJ
rnitake
mistook
.;).);;:S,s
tJ
mistaken
sow
sowed
g);;~s5'
CJ
fJ6
~~,
!06dK
;;J'>e.D
fJ6:5
!)~ slunk ;(jos
tJ
~6aJ6 shake
-<;'.;:-
i:r>l:SG:l~;fu shook
~~e:J~
shoken
~s:;)
stink
fuos
t:l
!>J.S
S6exl, s6e.uJ
;;S~!:b
~ea~
took
tDs 6~S";3~ began
!)"",';)
~6D
ScPel)~
taking
So~§"i!,))
mow
;Sf'
S"o~§"~;5) mowed
~C; (K~~~;fu
so~§"~
mown
~@
(K&)g£~
c..
taken
ffiJ:;)
~~(;)n
h~§'tfuiSJ" beginning
IDI'\:Oo1'i
(l'i~WdSJJ sh'ow
showed
shown
D~S"~
begun tJK:;) LoJe~o~oD drunk ~os
i:r
6,y>~,
~~
~5 ,:s,..:,
swum
oe.u.:J
~~~
swam
iSJo~~
swimming
swim
~~
~6:J 3. AB8l:S~~ 6J<o~OJ .e,;~ ~~ofi. behold
~~
6aalSJ
"/J;..;~
,~El
~JS!)}J.°n
~O:>~
l6"r<b
ring Bon @J"KJ. @J"1'\0i:SJ sing
l6"n~
rang
~n
rung
lJ"on
@l'in;6.) sang <701\
600
~f\
sung
1:)"&6
t:SY>i5:I
lJ~e)
l;m..K:>~
srngmg
"
C.
tSJo~1SJ stood
~~
stood ~c
1!.)
stand ~oc CJ
~eJG:l1i>
~or;
::Jon
~c;
.Q
;;,,~
spring ~..)on 6:J~s,. e~:Jo~
~~~ sprang
~~
sprung
~e.l!Qa;S:J told
tell
~e.l<oe told
&;.l)on
6J~stfu
J, 34 .~
EDan
6~~
l36
~:>Sy
&~
''B~.);:s';'
'"
&~
B~
'"
816,;,-:0
(}-~~85lk
";5 )
'0
@~
§~.
bread
bred @C;
~@~
bred
LID':: ;&~
fled ~c ~e~o:D read
holding ~l}ofi
c.
;&~. ~o.::o
~~~
fleeing ~aoo ~e~~~
\
tP~
OS~!?~
Co)
~6 c.
;;)~§"'~<fu
Co)
nee
OS~!iloe.xro t.l paying 1l<md) 3~~ saying 1JeoooFi BoJjl~ bleeding Q.cor.
~Bee~
read
t:S6:J~"
pay
.~
readr&
5';;
;;)50.:iJ make iktiJ /:5.)jcrm,
lI
00
~e~io made ~c ~ti,S:",6Ja~;fu relaid eo<mc ~;:S~~~60 ~~i6,) had
0'::
Man
~~~iiJo
.:Se::>
made
;;be; ~CI:S:l"6Jj~ relaid eaQl)C ~;:S:t;S;Joo6o
~s
making,
;;b§oFi. ~ciSJ"l:S:l~~ _. relaying 8e3Ql)ofi ~;:S:@~60
say ~
aOSjll ®;:SJ bleed
said
said
~c
£J@Jio bled
~c
a~:lJ.
bled
~6.:)6.:iJ relay
me ....
~C
t5~o s<o<6J
ruc
r-r
58
~;:S~~~60 ~.dfu have
6~osoe
6~o SOC:l.:5.Y>
selling ~~on: ®~a~ feeding ~t.on
~~
had Qj6c
§Dl\~o~
~~
having Qj6·:ion 1§l)l\dSDobJo inlaying ~aeooofi 6";;)00
sold
sold
~6
®<fu:lJ. ®:.iDae:;?\) feed
~~
®;fuai6,) fed
f:.P6
c;;
~Z
§l}I\c:tmo l'il inlay a:5e3
1J"00~O~@l.
j60
·~Vl\c:l.fuoa;i) inlaid
ea::lJJ fed
inlaid
a!iaE:
:::>!Sj15~
O"OSe:;o gainsaid
a~<Sl
a.Za:C
O"o>Co j~ gainsaid 71o:D.'5~C; a6;()6-eo~ heard ;j66
c
~c
~_E:
~~oB;i)
~.::
SJS~oD
led
a~
~!:toi1:J4"'"
leading be.on ~~,::Sjo~iiJo speeding :J.)e.on
~OJ.)
gainsaying
nOlJZbon
G6~6-e~ bearing !l"dSJ8ofi
led
6Ci
l~;;)~:'
speed ~jE: ~r1ol'i"'i¥~ knell
aa
~;;).:s,..~~
ac;
W~i53<>~
sped
~.)C;
~dSJo
::J;fu lay
;j6o c
::J~;i) laid acme
sped
~.)a
. ~Kon" knelt !J6db;:i)
.tJ~
laid e3Ql)E:
::><S:I~
laying e3<mon
~c.ful~
;$Korr'
~XQI'1"~~.:iJ.>
knelt
kneeling fJVon
;fuo~e~~
8
~c.ful.
fJ6
;;'l"..,,~e~
eo1:SJ
;$~<6J
j~
;;36 OJ
~!'!leQ<6J
~6 ..,
~r;6,
l_J
~~e~
~~gS~-O
o-~~~
371 1_,
Ilio
C:lld
lent
lent aoe.)
lending
grind
ground lEfo~
ground ![l"oE
grinding
~OQ
006
eJ6:lviS:>J
~~Jk),)~
ao~ori
~o~
0:l9). :l~6J
~oeofi
I:S.Jws)~ finding
@:tJ~J'
meet
~ej
®~.J~b
met iBJej' !&D~ dealt
1!,9~.J~~ !bel on
dealing
1:S.J~;:fu
found
6J~ found
~QE
met ;fue)"
~[)~;fu
meeting
find
~QC;
~ ;fuf)";fu,
~oc
.:5Y>tfJ
~oQon
l:ii5J~ r:DilY> bending
~llct5.u. ~Kf'u
deal
SDctilliSY>
!§is:lfV;:;J <6J
bent
13;;$:JR"!O bent
aOe)
dealt
bend
aQ~
-"
lie
~6.sZJoo~, dwell
@~~
arE"
<;)
aiD
~6S~oD dwelt
;::Ji:5.s~oarSJ
'"
aDon
~6·~~ ~ dwelling
aoe.)
OSot5~ meant
aoeon
iiSo.:;b~ meaning
t>otJ meant
a,6
~t.~o~
lose
'"
a~e) aJC)
lost
e,,"'~
dwelt
a:,)0 6
r
a"von
"'e:l
tol!5
liv&.
Q
;;boe)
:fuoe3'
i$v[)
fu:Oon
6rn~~ dreaming
:JoS~oaiS:l
g)Q$:'..:low lost
O"@
<J
:OiiS:'J~ loosing
®g~tS.t:l
~e:)Qt3rSJ
ed.£oiSJ
dream dreamt [f:~ ,c
!&vr);;,l;fu
W"'.g
~ r;o bJ S"'iSJ ,
0)
OJ"e\lon
<.)
dream!
@SR"'('.)J S"ia ~
..,
[)Ii R"bJ§,,~
~R"i!JJ~o~
creep
crept
crept
Is:i)
~eJ
creepmg
'"
L~!5J
SvK~
[eave
©~
Left
,;;
l¢.~oR
Sf)Ko~ leaving
svK::J'
l§~
@'>ffi bind
@~
to-
@~dr;
left
~s~
bound
G3"oo
LiiJos
@"~~
binding
b~
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.;;.)joj,J
a~
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a~
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D:Don
.o~~ili""""
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bound il"oc
EoE.of)
;o6Jo/il~ winding
smelt
~le)
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m"o6
;oO,.)oOoBifu
wound
~oC; fibe)!l;:J;fu
:Jtfl
smelling
04l0D
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OJ"tG;5 ~,jJ
~J6 e.::
~~on
iiJoD
~~fS~~ teaching
~'~r:s
taught
~r:5.J
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wound
teach
taught
eJD~
~oc;
~caon
ri"Dbc:fuJ .:5:Jo bereaving
woiJam, ~6:>
bereave eJ05$ ;S~gS6t:SJ hum
rt"D!ln
bereft
~5 eQo.:iJ
light
eJo~ &Qo~;fu
~-woFl
dQ~
lighting
t1¢ow
lit ()ej
~Vf\ Shot
lit
tia~
;Sv(gS60
tJ8g)6Fl
;S~;;J6iil~
e.::
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DeS
~()f\oiil
;;3V1'\~
~e5or;
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shooting ~e5on
o
burnt !pooeJ
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burning
shoot
shot
m5J.
<:l:loitiJ ,
S"c:J. S"~J
eo6oej
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s
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.....
bring @ari
brought.
brought
~e)
bringing laJof'lori
shone
shone
L~er
@oJril rent ODeS'
bWJ
S1~
@5"~ai5ril clung ~ari @oesd:ixJocoSJ abode
Q&~
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d~
rend.
at:tl
rent oaes OoD slept ~~
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a~.
rending
clung
~on: ®oe3dSJ.JOQ abode
~~on
~la~
sweeping ~~on
.;)@c
~~fD~©JO~ spin
.~d-c,
!§~IDe
<.)
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d.il:lOQ;;5J :!§:e:oroE.d:IDoe
e)
~©ot':) swept ~~
spun
~.)~ OSCS;fU hung ;;JaoF) @a>ctlJ stung
~on
spun
;(J.)~
'"
.I:);fu)J
~~J;fu
spent ~Joe)
~eJ
spent ~Jo6 ~6:lJ~~ ~' spoilt
~OJJ~
t.)
~J5
o.1CJS:l hang ,~ofi @0'1i:l strike
'. spending
~JOQOr; !PtiJJ~~~ spoiling b>;.)OJJDon
t.l
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oSM hung
;:;J<>ofi
~6,)J~~~'
l~eJ"e
stung
;(Jon
OJ
spoil
~~e)
at;Fi" e.:o
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sling ~on
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slung ~oFi e.,t,~ g);:Jo;iJ won
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heave
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digging t.f\on Cl
en
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en
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hamstrung ~.futf5Qr;
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hamstrung
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hamstringing ~-ff...m~aF\or;
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spat
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~Jt'}on
e~J;;jcfuJiSTo
past participle
~-< '~"""'!3.J<. Q(Qjje.JoJu
~J~on. pronuciatir
became
~,fu
become
becoming
t!!& g:i:lOr1 @XJ~ coming
!&:lJon
;:.S;oIP.';;ilJ;5 !\i"~!p"i?o)
1')1::-
Parts of Speech
@rU
come
=s=
came ~~
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come S~
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a&~g ®t)oG~o.
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ran
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beat
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8.!)
&';J
present,
past 1SY>~0)
~(!)W"b)
o;::J:;!tOJ"'v.
~5"'Sru
beat a5eS"
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weSi'",~
@
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.2JD<:J
IDe50n
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s.,""a<fu
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1. Good morning Mother 2. Good morning Father 3. Good morning Brother 4. Good morning Grand pa
~~o .
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.j
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...
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5. Good morning Grand ma 6. Good morning Aunty 7. Good morning Uncle 7. Good morning Sister <~<s.xiS",~
r<Ot5 05J.>~on
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5.
Sorry
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6. 7. 8.
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rue ~e.)_on
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9.. Afteryau
10.
lts my pleasure
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N"
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Please
D,yt:;"lJ.
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t:p
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Please to meet you~e
tlloEi
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a~Jo:i ;;$;:)
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Allow me
o~W", ~""&
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to~ffe)SJ71"~ e1~~:O
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Welcome
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6.
No mentiau
a.
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Thanks
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7. Well done 1
8, 9, 10, 11. Done wonderfully ! Ofeourse ! Same to
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Excuse
i.)
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you!
a~.)!iJo~an
Excellent!
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12. OhGod!
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13.
How sad!
37.
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38.
39,
W"O"
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What a shame!
How tragic r What a surprise! WonderfulI! How Disgusting! What a pity r
!)~d.Do!
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40.
41-
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tJo~cS
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16. 17. My goodness!
- ;Soc&5~~ !
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Hello, listen 1
Row disgraceful! ! How absurd! How dare you' !
- ~if.., fJ23~
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43. 44,
45,
c,~K~or;! ..,
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What an idea t
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f!6SO f:l!SJ I
oSJ~lSo
How sweet!
How.lovely! Oh dear!
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1§Jo6o~ot:l"D.
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i3aJ..)O"~§ .;)otS
27.
28.
Quiet, Please! Please keep quiet! Really. Yes. it is! Is it 1 Thanks ! Thank you .1
j
1J c5CS r ,_.!s6 ~~ ! :
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29.
30. 31. 32. 33. 34.
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Thank God
n"c
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36. For your good health - qS!5 dfuo.S5 K:i1Z - ~
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S"OJ
10. 1.1. 12. Welcome Rest assured Nothing more
r!Poc1~Q;beS" LBdSJUJ: .~. L~o~ L§d$e;!J;) Past, Tense, past Participle ~;>w:;l:!J(;s;SarS;5J ' d' !J ;;3u:J@. Present
Par.ticiple ~;SO !)tiJdQ:Sa:6~ e :OlreJ!k)() ;ngiSo:Jlt
Past Tense
Achieved
- ~6sfu
...
-a~.;;)~~2
- i6i$on ~5
S.No. Base
1.
(~.o:lo)
..
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-
;;'JoKefuw
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tl,9¢.i)
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;:.JEln" ~o5
Cl,oSi~CIJJ;;y> g)Jo~o
Admired
Admired
Admired @~~o5
;;:t!<:S;!J§"~
Admiring
@c;,'h6on ..__
;;:t!i5JJ!:bb~
I
16. Anything else? 17. 18. 19. 20. .21. 22. 23. 24. 25. As you like As youplease. H's fine Just coming
- ~a
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dSJJ
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Advise
C!!)E;@o5
;;:Di;DJ5"i3<6>
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Advised
@~~E;
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Advising
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s,5Ff'OS<illN"';:5) ~ ..~.c{ ii3i?;?jt. , 'J ....
@.E..')c2
;;;)~~:;l,iilj
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Bathing
rot>30n
s~or;
Ta - Ta
Good morning Good by Bye, bye No the least !le.'lr:J
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4..
Batb
rot>o
Bathed
!:i"oC;
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~;:S<fuoa<5J Believed
~r5~CJ~
Believing
es ..,
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e'Jb5C;
~;;:t!J.fSj
robSIi
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!lVg)on r5~Jebu
Breathing
6;;$J:Ooi5oQ .. ~
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(S;;mJ
6. Breath
!J~:o <So<Qy>g i>J"'S"swrr>~ ;;5~oSoJGMod' <::OO~C;oS.:iJJ' ~1>J"'S"~~&g) l@id5J~ 6[r~ o:>~o dlSJ... @~oS60 ~at§ ,sg a~. S_9<il ;fu~o ~eoo !!!lgo
~;:J;isS;;j<>[)J ~obJoe.
Breathed
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7,
Challenge
Challenged
.Challenged ynao;;S"c;
Challenging
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~eJotlt:>"~§
M
zyoe3ore
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8.
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01""'""------"""""41
'L~
;~~I-. --~~~.§5~--o
9.
I
Close
Clsoed
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19.
Fine
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Fining
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10. Curse ~o..) ~e:n, ~cJo,;5) Q 11. Decide ,E,~B n60XloiSJ ta 12.
,
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g;rEG ,., ~~
Cursed ~oJE;
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Cursed
20.
Hate
Hated
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a5;;;o ..,
Decided
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a.s~oiil 21. Hope
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Decided
a.s~on
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lloping ;;:;-#~on 6e:Jo,;:i)~ Imnritatting ~ollie:3e5on @ifu!ie.~ Enquiring ';;l.q~Saon
.i)iJ"5~
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Enquired
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Delete
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22.
Immirate
t.D6
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14.
Devide
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8ec:.ol1
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25.
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26.
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27. Pollute
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18. Escape
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28.
Prepared
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Past Tense, Past Participle (JJP~OJ .!Jtb~~c~~ 'ed' rJ Present Participle ~a:so :Jlb~;sa~~ ing
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g)LiJ6e.;. Saving 1Jg)on S"~~~ Serving ;;5B,::pfi
~a:JV.
<Olil6eJ~~ Saved
a~
S..No. 1.
Past Tense
Past Participle
Present
Partlcple
31.
Save
Saved.
Abandoned
®el"o~~E;
Abandoned @aJ"o~Ze
~ScSo[)
Abandoning
tJS
S"~lil,. 32. Served
~~e:
S"~afSJ Served
~,f;c
S"~t, Served
'@aJ"o6~on
~ScSoiSJ~ Absorbing
6SeSol5iSJ Absorbed
2.
Absorb
;:So.')
OSeotil c; 33. Solve
rSo~c
oSeo;:!;i)
c.
;:So~c
oJ
@at~
!:J e).)J§,,;5)
3. Accomplish
@at~C;
~qJ§,,~i6J Accomplished @S"o8J~e ,.., ~Ooi3<fu Allowed @OSe ®;;i)oSJol3oi3<6J Borrowed
~~Q
®atea1on
~e).)J~o t.lJ'>
oSe.oD
Co
<6e.~ w
-"'
Solved
~oS
16e~eoiSJ 34. Use
fjof5::,c.
16B~eol:l Used
@5"O~~
~t;loiiJ
~Oo~~
Allowing @6'OJ.)on @<6Joili)~ Borrowing ~ffc:mon @o),JbrSJSJobY> Boiling a:!"on[)ol1
4.
Allow
diU"ffi
e;;)c.:n_",f'lo..:sj 35. Vacate
cifuooo
dl16cfuof\ow Vacated
:i3~!3c
dS.:Do~ori
tl!<6dl:Jl1f\~ Vacating ~eofi
4l"~~~
@&'
@;i)oSJ30iiJ 5. Borrrow
Vacated
~se.)
~.f;~c6D
36. Wave
~!) t'diIo:\) • .c!;;oi'\)
aJ"c?
®16,Jb~§"<5:l 6. BaH
@~brSJ~<5:l Boiled
e:J"0J.)6 c
;;3.5c
e""~i6J Writhed
aJ"cm6
~~
Writhed Boe: 8Joe.
.
7.
e~S:J.~M.o
Bless
5Je.~si6J Blessed
~f,)C;
el::5J~e:SY>
Blessing ~:b.Jon
37.
Writhe
eJ3
;:Se).)~, ~o1iJ.
56"c
!loa~
~~
eg)o.:lJ
8.
eg)oD Checked
;:'SQ ;:G5tiJo~<SJ
6g)~
Checking t:l§on
~5~~
Check
i:ls Q------___:j.j
I
._
~.
<65tiJoiil
~e~~
.A}}_
- 55 iJ
54
)--~foaoO:.lgJ~-O
o-
~:a~
"'~
......,
-._11;"
--'-lI'l
'"\....I
9.
Call
sot!)
Called
Called
Calling
19.
Fail
~cme;)
Failed
~Q).lO
Failed
~6JJ~
failing
~WJVon
9"0' c
~f)t:l;:n
S"llofi
Churned' .::J5d_Q
·nID~
"
.~::,.,) Finished
~10~~
~f\oD
~~&o Finishing
~;:J~pn .
1:0:
Chrurr
Chruned
Chming
20.
Finish ~10~
g$.).)l"1oiSJ
Finished
.j6J..
DwSJ 11. Climb
t:5Oj0
t:)lls<5J Climbed
.sBJ.d,)
::Jel)~fu.>
~~~Q
a:i.Df'1o;3c5:J Gathered
...ml\~.....
(1'>06on
'
Climbed
~oe)C;
;,)§J,
Climbing
~8)or;
21.
Gather
Gathered
Gathering
~oID'
.;J!&J(,~
~owc;
.,')~&~ Confessed
!&~~Q
eio:i.:ra,Gl.J~;$
(1'>05
i1:l:b~6 22. Greet
rl"000 ru~~aifu
Greeted
(1'>OO~
{'i)::Ulhue Greeted
.;)~&~
Confessing
KJ.tb~~~ Oreeting
, 12,
Confess
~J~
8~e...;).?§"<S:: 13, Cover
S;;3J~ofi
e)OS.Ja..;;).J!:bo~ Covering
!&cS5of)
l[\t5
e!J!);Soe.ot:5J
t[\e3~
®
l8e3c
@~~o~oD
l6~on
®~;Sot'l·~,
();;So c:,OQ[{P
Covered
23.
Help ~~
Helped
~v.)Q
Helped
Helping
~[J..)ori
s:Soc
~~, 14, C"t:5J,
~a,;:5J
~~e
Informed
~D Developed
'a;;Sf)~Q;
Develop
Developed
Developing
a~f)~on
24.
lnfonn aN"..)5J
Jnfonned
Informing
s.N",.)6~p1)
a:Sf)aJ
®l)ci$\eacIDJ . EJQ
E~v~e
Discovered e,;S2,.D5§
~~r~e3(fu
eJ
aN"JoJ5
oVd5J~~i&! Jumped
elO~C
I
a~oJe;
6[)d5Jel~ 1tu_l1ped
elO~~
~mctUe.kti))
Jump
6()ciS:J~;fuv
15.
Dsicover
Ju.mping elO~ofl
Joining
es<'OXl:"Jon
a~(,.cSo
~:"J@~
a;:s;;s5 [I,i
0;
s~~t3~ Diverted
s~r~~e»o
Diverting
~
6Ja§
16.
Diverted
25.
Join
23"OJJ£l
Joined
a!"Q).l~
Joined
e;oQ).l~
a<6Bofi
t)
c;
c;
~iiJ0;3;:5J
cS:JfQoD
Expanded
oilf),,)ot;$)~
~dJ. j6.:>J
26. Listen llrs5 ::li&! 27. Look Listened Listened
[)elZ~
i:56J~
Listening Vrs:"Jon
::lo~
17.
Expandecd
Expanding
.,')~.;y,oac;
!l~50~;:5J Expressed ,;)§J~~C;
oJsJ~oaC;
!)~eot:)
oJsJiJoaton
!:l~eo6:>~ Expressing
[)e3:5Ei ~;:a~
Looked
:J~
18.
Express
.;)~~~
Expressed
Looked WSQ
Looking
OJ-§ol1
.,J.s.J~~C;
c;S~i6tSD
.,Js.J~~ofi
c;S~;;J61~
W8
wSB
~~';)6~
.>lS05t5;3;fu
28.
Mix
g)JsJ ~Ul~, ~!l~
I
Mixed ::os.JG
~ll~~
Mixed :x,sJ~
~V~ Opened
Mixing
'" !liUl~tiJu Opening
g)J§)Or;
Regualr Verbs (;:S~~!J L§~w - Ill) lJeSfJ ~(j L~(J$:)exJ lila L~o!'J Ve,.bs.!6 d~O~(JfS!.rJO
f/;98($0
:»oo:~t3.~(j
;s'lf?!it5
29.
Open
Opened
e..~~
a~;:$). '!5tSo~otiJ
e..~~a
@co~o~~
e..~~E:
e!ll5o(lo~
e..~i:::Jor;
~oo~~
:;l5Jdr~.
S.No.
Base (~;SO)
Past Par-Uclp'le
Present Particple
30.
Present
~e:!oeJ
Presented
~e:!ol3c o:J6E20ab~
Presented lJ.le:10~e
oJoe:lCOl)
Presenting
~e:!oe.'5oFi ;;::. ...e:l6~~ Pressing ~~ori
1.
Admil
1Yle.J_e5' ~~-8o.,,-s,.
Admitted
Admitting
®eJt3ori
oS£e:10fU 31.
Press
~fj
ao~
egeJDc
j5
~6:J~ Begging
rul'\ofi ~n ®eot;SjiiJo
0
Pressed
Pressed
2.
Beg ~r;
@5o;:D
0
Begged
aFic ®5oi:liS:> Q
Begged
~fiC: @50~
0
~@C
;s"S&~ Selected
~:SE:
!5"§J,.
,'5"!&J&tl:ro Selecting
@e:l ori 3.
Selected
Cancel
Cancelled
S"i5joC:
Cancelled
Cancelling
S"'~JVoFi
@e3se
OJ
~asC:
OJ
5"~t5
S"~&
6~a~ Digped
O)ot:S,,§"~;6J
..Jo.,,-s,§"~
..Jo~t:&Jo~
6~acxm
4.
66J;3;:S"v
Q .
......I:'
Soak fOE-§
N";fu.<J"~~am
Soaked FJ6sE:
N"~~@~
Soaking
~§oFi
Dig t!11
~~
Digging
eF\ofi n @~s~
eRc
~~o')
N"oS~~-" Talking
CJ"§ori
o)y.>~~~
34.
TlIl'k
Talked
5.
Dip
Diped
Diped
Diping
~or; <.'IDot;Sj~
I
tJ"s
~~~ 35.
eJ'>sc
~~~~
~er.e,
Washed
OJ"~C:
tJ"sc
e~
<.'ID(1;)t:S",I!!)~ 6.
ea)C
oSllo~t:SJ
e~c;
<.'IDow Expelled ..Js..J~~ ;;3tfJn"~ Ful1i11ed
Wash
c;yi~
Washed ,;:y>~8
sc.r.;6J
Washing
,;:y>~oFi
r;l:.:ili"\:)~J'O
Expel!
O)s,J~e5'
ExpeUed
..JsS~o
~c;
~~/'U
~e.f\
~*JFi"~
7.
~tfJFi"Ee1~
FulliLled
Fulfil
~~o
~6;;5~ 8. Knit
~o~e)E:
~6~aJrSl Knitted I:)tlc @~iS:>
~~6C
~o;B5J Knitted
Knitting
~e.Sof)
c @~iSy>
l o-~.~.g$~ __
@~.
:::J6
~e:3Ci
ime,~cful
@V
r"'
..al
,r
59 1-
bJlli-' ------0
9.
Plan
Planned
Planned
I.
"planning
~~
Gb>dS;.o~;OO.J. 10.
Rob
O'>.~
I
~~or;
e~dho;;);:s,J.670 Robbing oollof\
ag)
ADVERBS
(~dSJv
Verb .;S.S:J ~S&;;3 7i"~.
~ot:5Jtb~ :>~~t;~el)
6CJ1'
.~:5e~ _, ti
&t:S:J:S";fu Slip
& ':Ȥ,,;3;fu
Slipped ~XjQ ~or5J
& is;,s:'0bY>
Slipping ~~ofi
~SS ;;)e~~~
1.
;:;)~se~QD.
11.
(~~~~il)
(dSl"~QOb~)
~~
a3"ti:J, ~""6g:)tiJi:S:l 12.
I
2. 1.
5PJfJ
a3"6J~
Transferring ~~<;JBoR rotlb
@~e(;""
4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Transfer
Transferred
~~q)OQ
(,;)~:i~eSb)
(®eJ~b) (@a"O&) {~C;b)
l!-J"R;Jq)o
rot:JtJeti'tJ 13.
I
.:Dti:J~n", i:SJ~,
aC:JIl",
.eJt:JV(l~)(J3J~ Worshipped
Around
Badly Beatutifully Before Behind Below Best Better Clearly .C~ertaiIlly Comfortably Completely Cordially Charmingly D a ngerousl y Definitely Delicately
Worshipping
c6~~0f)
@O"e~
~~'£5lZ
~O"eoij~
9.
10.
11.
(!m"Se3~~)
([)~o) (al?,ot';) (ale) (ro~)
£.l
;;))0660f1',
;;'boeS6. ~<iJs!fu,
~~t:l.
~<':S,so
14.
~6
~o~lil Purify ~B~
.~t)ac:lfu
Q
;6y.6c
;6y.8c
~60l)0r;
~o~~~
~o~a~
Purified ~B~Q
-ite~~rSJ Q-
~o~e.
Purified
15.
Purifying
~5~Ol)of)
.t{)e,ji6Jo .-0
Q
n:'~ri"
16.
=s=
Replied
~Se~Q
(rob5)
';&~;5, c6Jot:le_i'S,
~t:SJ=~
~dilob)
(<6a~b) ,._, (!§'o<;J6z5"D)
o
Repling
:o-t,)ctiJOII", ,1J)~~r6Bfl"
~!¥e);;S,nri" • ;;i)~Ori",
~~Ii",
~a;rn1'>
Bajema ,...,
e~QDon
@l8JJ~S6~~ Satisfying
17. 18,
~ibS~6~t:l,) Satisfied
~e'}~~Q
(~o~eb)
;.Jo~g.:6:Dr1"!;;m ~cl6o~
~O11"
17.
Satisfy
[9.
20.
(S"ecfub) c,.,
~JtS d5JZY6,Sso11".
tillGQ.'))~~601i"j
~~~~
~~~ t:lolil.
(~eJ.on@)
(Co&6~b)
@oOol'1"
~e1~ Boe
Supplied
e0~OJJC;
-1.
22. 23.
@b>ctUS-6.ol1", leS~cS~6o".,.
!pi.()~;;IDTl", ~o;'iJ:O;:S5l1", ;0J~OTl"
18.
Supplied
;()~QDC;
re4J~t5b)
~D~~b)
;:S6<;J0"
j@;;i)
<66<;)C'" ~ j
.L'Ii;_
24. 25.
26. 23.
6~f'i" teJti~o".,
Inconveniently Indefinitely Indeperalently Involuntarily Intentionally Judiciously Joyfully Luckily Leisurely Mentally Menawhile
(a:s~f.:l.s:O®o~) @~WSo"",
ZI.~o8fl"
(~a:;,~e.)b)
(aoG'.1loEotlb)
(a,!5~uoe"eV)
1S~.)~On" •
.w~6i:1so a~oO"
~.,)<:5,yi'"
;::J.S.)O~~Ol"l'>
@l;;S~~on",
;JVo;lJ$.>oc;;a 9"OJD<:>g)
24.
25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32.
(Clobo~~;stn
(~~~d5:J~l1)
(e3"cfu~~)
G.),':~~6.)§ori". :J;;3sofl",otJ!lfl"
;:So~~OI1",
Eloquently Essentially Evidently Exactly Excellently Excessively Experimentally Fluently Faithfully Foolishly Forever Fortunately Frequently Funda men tally Generally Gently Happily Helplessly Honourably Immediately Immensely Improperly Inclusively
OJDrY"€3
Q
iJ',
53, 54.
'/Jod-~o{f
~::i;;)6o"', ;().)ilon",
.o~tSOT1", 6~O~On"
~c§g)c;$o.1xJl1"
®9lii'on", ~ruUlrl",
55.
56. 57. 58. 59.
(oJ't~[»
;()8rr;, ~~tion".
(oJ~.Ja~e5b)
(.;)sJ~.sV)
lP~Jo~OIi". @~O11",
l~i1On"
(fu:5~e5)
(.lli~~~)
(~6D) (~fJD)
~o~Q
f!!lt$;6oli"
Miserably
Neatly Nicely Nearly Notoriously Obediently Occasionally Officially Privately Pain ll,a lly Particularly Perhaps Permanently Pleasantly Purely Quietly Radically Rapidly
(.,)§.J;;S8;fuo~~) ~c:fut>rl"6J~on"
(~dXJO~V)
Q"O"tion", :J~r5oo'.
@;56tiol1". ;6;l)J~e6
.,
tiKort"
60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67.
68.
;;J"'re>!~m",
60'0s01l". r5e'h
33.
34. 35.
~cm6~e)
(~l)~b)
C:Ja1J5V)
(;:s"et5d'i:J~b)
tSl'i611" n
IP~QG'm'li",
(~5';);;So)
(~~~e.)b)
'"
~~~oe;:s
36.
37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47.
(@l~~;Stl.)
@~c~6
.@/;.S"o
q~s,:p6b) (~oc~oe.:>~)
(e:l;S6fJ)
t5tl:l.:l:J1l",
~tJ,) ~t>J
(~~~dS:J~) (@:B6D)
~o.u,!5~fJ)
-:?r;piJ
6o::..",o:ss01i",:::'S"oe)Ofi"', r5_soe)Orl"
eJ"071"
,.s"~J!3~ .Qru;5~r1"
(elIo5tJ)
(~~D) r..J"~a~b)
'6"o6:mll",
~.)t'i:J~fi'"
jo&~on".
'/J:iWOrF, ~i506oli''
69. 70.
71.
(~o~~J)
(~o~~ol!Sb)
m;j'Q-oo,
so!We.u
Q!&::&o~oC". ~r5J~dSJOfl",
-nuot,\;!}Oi1", Rl5or\"'
u.; '"
r~reoe5D)
(~ob) @~e5b)
(lJ"estl' (lJ"~Qtl)
~<P"oSol1"
6~5~orl"
;;jKof1",
62)
~fl)~gS~-O
0- ~~ gS5,;, ~~
~~}
76.
Rarely Really Recently Respectfully Sharply Slowly Smoothly Softly Strangely Sufficiently
(OoV)
(8cSS:l~)
@OJI:SJl1"
;:)a>01"i"~~oSo1"i" •. ®;Q;.;;JO .
77.
78.
~ ADJECTIVES
(~~~t'Ol~t;Xl )
(6f;)o~t»
(B~8~~)
~tSoSa,
~toon",
iiJ"lSli",
cfuOS~
056:l;;S[2J~6o
l.
(.i1:>OjO)
(?t,b)
(<5J<>~V) (~~f)
(~oatl)
Accused perscn Acting Chairman Adopted ChiJd Bandy legged. man Blear eyed boy Boorish person Bossom friend Brisk walker .Casual workers Contemporary boy Dependable person Delicious dinner Distinguished
(®~e!t;
(f!!lco158
~~).!5);:;j60
~:»a)o;6
26J~
~;;)~
<S~
;:;)6J;fufl",
:'Jt:l"iSol'i".
;fuoSd.rI",
2. 3. 4.
5.
;;3;fuJE>l1",
cfuJ6:>~f1d.
;D~n",
~V6~
j;6.)§J~fl2
O"~S"~
83.
84 .. 85. 86.
;,i)e'>6J~Ii", g)o~1i",
..:s~no
(~o6
anE;
~~,!5")
~t:)~o"" ;:68;:;)6
6.
~D;6o~, ~O~~Sor1"
I.
8. 9.
(eC!:lill tYo~)
Technically
Temporarily
Thence
87.
88.
6"6"3-D!Son"
@iStlixloL'.,
@o6JoSe.:J;:j ;;So~gOI1",
®;:;)Je3 ;S,o~,
10.
lL
®OeJ1>. ~~01"i"
89. 90.
Totally
Twice Ultimately Unanimously Understandingly Undoubtedly Unfortunately Universally Usually
Violently
(esOtlf)
@.s~)
(®V;&e$'t))
(.) .:
12.
lawyer (t.,~o~~C;
~~g<J"Sr:;ti)OJOCl
is:J~;fu)
~
91. 92.
93 .. 94. 95. 96. 97,
Claco6w
Distent relative
6.Jntl~
(~iJO:J<6J~il)
(@o~oeoP,) e]
.......
~s(t\~omrl"
g);::iStOl& ,iiU)g)n" ""'-'..
~""'a,!5~t0e)
~!;lo)
(@:5~tJ~b)
:'J;:6.Joa~-,,01"i"
(1!!l~~4lS;:S6tl) 6J6(;5J~;S'<l"~
(dfuo:'JoS6.J~) (~oS~) ~6.sl?s~1"i" ~t;l"6t01oIT' • i>S.:;o~VJ11"
Far ighted Fellow Floating population Handsome Lady Identical twins Inactiveparticipant Independent Meritorious student
98.
99.
(~e3Qn
Warmly
(OJ"oJ_fJ)
(d5J;6o~)
Q
~CiciS:l~6.!)i;ofV'.
~66afi'>.
ii:li{)l1"
100. Yes te rday :'Jr6J.
'eo
e3:'J i.P1:3~c:J
"'"'""
can didate(a,oc,
6.;O~oeS
~o~t3ti)
;0S~OL~S@~S~
GillSes!;5eiilf:)
Kd
g)O""f iJ,~
26.
aughty bov
0- ~s:;
~~
.~6,., --i'
J~
~ ~'----------t.
65
27.
28. 29. 30. 31. H2. 33. 34.
'Outgoing Permanent
president
Employer
,REPOSITIONS
(~~~~;;.StS~e.»
~o~ ~jozy>~~& !):O~ l'il50~ 1. Prepositions
'll)':e~~t;e:f~f'1
o:m~6"l.lS [)~
R";;).)
)
l:>:i~ql
Pregnant women
Pretty Child Plain spoken man Royal Family Skew eyed girl Skilled worker Snubnosed man Troublesome' Boy Underfed child
Wooden beaded
~l¥; 0"0"
9;"160
:i~~oe,
!§t:D~
~[)J6ol'i" cS.Yo~~~;:5J;o~
O"~SJb:lo~;;m,
&''''[}s
iil~;
@ot)eJ'>,
:no
l'i"U) ~~13~
ms
.;)Jf'6 $oo.F'~(\.)Oj ~§
~6
~~
aObO~On;
rle.> <S~0J"6
iS~~fuJ, Xv t6:J~~ Zle --W
aJ-"e.D~
~<J§!§6oi1'" cll~d.e.
35. 36.
37. 38. 39. 40..
;SiSCi ~~.~)
~!§b a,~s
£:x.t'S,
OIl
~~~=<S~6
~Z ~ ~;;.')y>m ~6J
a~
rlob~
(@o~o~C; 9~)
a.:...,w
2.
Above (@aJtj):.
1J.rJ'>,
@QK~oD.
~<6d.~;::)o&
There is a crow
00. 3.
~~a; aJ"cfu);fuo6onBrle.>
~<6JJ
~s .;) I.?
!!,!I~
Abdominal pains
(.J~gn;::)e)
~<6J~
§"';;D,i~z.s
4L
4.2. 43. 44.
45., 46.
venemous snake Alphabetical order Atomic power Boueless chiken Bookish knowledge Burning problem
Casuallabourars
@go)
@fJ..6 ~;fuo
~;iio)
@too~~
Do this problem according to the way you have been shown ~ Q@ l~e}fu®5"'6cr; t:o cS. ~ d:lli ;;:foS tJ,~ ~~.
(tfI.!5al5©s@)
(a:1I5,}on ®"?1..fu) (soet';;)6 e3a)6~)
ts SJ
4.
,j.:rol:;SGJ~,j
g)Qot)" ~.
~ifu;;sS~ t3dilloS.:o.
Across
(@l?~):
@CC:);071"" tUoW" Q
Q ~~
S~~;::)d ~o5:J~~
47.
f1'~;;yoeS,r>be.l.)
IDe e) 2J"cfu
0"5 00l?KJ
es D;6d.aJ"'Ib)~
48.
4950. 51.
~e§~~O11"
~~C; aJi¥j
~5n~6.
5. After (e,9~o): 6~6. ~r:\J!3, ~oroa Today bus after bus passed by without. stopping
e~g)
6"'&'&vli ~~eJ!&
~iJ"OCe.lJ
b,}C
6,
a)@
@:go
e)~.
!l@"'e:) ~i::Jor;
;'5f}~~65.Y>=. ~6J~OIT',
(@B!wosJ
!&~!l:JJ) ~ol§5O"cfuS
$a)SJoW"
52.
53. 54. 55,
(6JoCi a')~g)cfub)
&tSJ~;S
@J~'S~;;S
~~e.D
Q)vB13Eioll".
;J6JciJli"
villages Values
Traditional
Zonal meeting
··i-' -------!
!:beJol'l) <::oo;ie:l
~0lJ
66.''''''', -rr
_J:;.
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j:~ ..
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67.
---h
7.
c$ i'!!IO~,~
e3".~S :;3~, :b" 8.
Along (@o<'ori): ~ob. ST>~.l\"loW" There are many treees along the road to the town,
15.
B"~
Between (Ele~~) ; ~1;5S He divided the money between Rajuand me. g_,,,,E.~co lS .;fug)[J~;:l5 O"~ @oC; lli. ,@6t:5J 6e:;q;jtJJ
O"re",
1:l"6;SOb
BbJ
1"1""1
Glc<J-',Q.D. --,C;i...
-
Among (@fu>ori);
&,<SJC,i~,. you
;5d)<SJ
16. By (~) ; tSgo, lfS!:'i&;:$, ~6, o:sO" The cake was cut by my sisiter with a knife 15"§s ~J seJ ID m ~;::Sog)8 .;) iJ~
i'J'>SJ;;;ol;SS Q'Sopo6
tis~ ~o.:bg6o':'.
tis;' ~~;:6oi3~~&~eS
-- t;J __..
Q_a..,_
(J
9.-
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osg,
17.
During (6:r>~eor;) : @O~ Sentries guarded the camp during the nigh!:
Rt.!5 ~65'
""
1:$~e)
g)\!.:;BoB ..
18.
,:So:o®~oC'iJ ~O~el) S"S0~~ :S"~{J"S"'6"6:J. For (;;)5) : §"6!&J, 2. :o:ngo, sS<6o. @rSJ~e;ori"
~C; rot3 ~ eJ"{)!,{;:Sj£cfuoge;:so @Bl:loE.!lS"g)
Before
G:l
tS ri"f
@
~o ~e't
~re
;;5;6::.
11.
~~O):jorioalS,).
19.
From (!;')!'b) : ;fuoa. 6S~~,a~! S"1:S~;:):u;:S Our school is one kilometre distance from the Railway Station.
@;tlo 1:00(/3 ~:! a.~se1.toe;,o e.~~ t_;)5:l CS £e5~~;;)_.'5 <SJlI~&0)2a:s 1?~~;fuow e.,!:'i §eJitDtJo 6:;0608' 616d_El.
20.
Qe.1~re l..",c;,oRaJ~oEi
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c5
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es 12.
Z)~
6lrSd_Q,
Below
~ @o ;;J"'e) ~&.~c
e._,,,,,,sJon&
13.
;:St:iJ.:;:ill
t~£i) : ;iJoa, ;6e);S, j~. She is in the kitchen h ~E! 9.£i lS ga£i ~;,:n ;;Sotl Ka&G~dEJ.
In
5"6~;;S:o;S
£1& 6
~tuJ~eJ ~~·aJ"SjoF\
I _
21.
@o6 S"eaC"M
hJtiJ
~;6:;i:ill@06aJ~l5J.
inside (1SI;!5f:!E;) :. O~eJ .. 'iJ"~;6 She was waiting inside the cinema ~ <>J<'12~OJJlBon ~£iEl;;tS ~Kl;6,,"". (l,9~ ~g)~ (':;''''"6') jn ,:i,..,,~
e~e)
Go(;J;6J
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14.
;;J'"
i:)~G:l~
~~e e.!JbJ
('y
1:$8J"5J
:t)
Besides (£)~cJ) ; oS.?BcIill, e,!)CS;;Sori", &aJ"bJ Besides his relatives he invited his friends also.
23..
Off
(@~)
ll~5.J
€9~~
illl~ ~..,G"
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Co
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68
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24.
of(~~):
;iloe.
a~
"'PARTS OF SENTENCE
(~8..J
'P";:;J.eOJ"s.so
~~E<i~
&!I~
~o~~..J)
~~O~~
Sentence)
his head
~E;
fSJ15~§
~~e3o':s~~<SJ.
eiE:)tot5
26.
Over (a.;jo) ~O" !'beoD He hit the ball over the boundary
61
zy>l'1o W"s~o
lQ)..6o'l508'
~ ~tS t5
f!!l66 27.
IDOU:;)
Sine (~15J) : rSJo~ She has been reading since 5'0 dock
eJ"DS)
S'~~
~ oJSc§f:J15
28.
Mon :;,~ ~Z
;:;OOQ t:l6~~
e.,~s
e~Ei
oSc5o:5.D Subject
s~ (Subject):$:)
en
c.iSJ.y.>?
~~fr~
~~G ; OJ"ssoe:OVerb
(~a, ~")~):O soO
aD" What
~ 5e3e3E
@~)eiJOQ.
fJ!5.lcoo;$<;$)
1!!l~6JoO<'?
&oSwf'low;S~e§
29.
!:l"6;il e.;:$,,~n"~ 1.
~~oiJCV.
c:7'n *c2
:
@e
e;Joi.&o &
6 13mf5
"'-
~iill6
',fu§_) Sei~~e§rn
ao.
'vVilb (~~)
2.
~'tJo{} ~
;;JfJ·
t5CfuJt~.
3.
O"e3;:l)~BW g;~Jo5 ~
o~e
'" .;;l.
0;;;)..).)
31.
Within (~B.'5) :
6'r;n,
&;;JE:)
4.
You must pay me back the money withiu one yer .. diD .~~ "f:;.g):;
(cloe3 i'I~
5.
<fu>otf\) s":ho,:S:;)6J
a."'~st5
:illtJ~8-.:.~·a.,~ 61~O
t:)~oW"[).
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O--------.....J,:~:;~
,f;J.
'L~~--
i0iO)~ a!.oa~§§tl~--{.
o-
~&~.~.I':
"',\I
71
j}
h-------'-;~O
Complement
: Object
;0
Complement"
@0e.J'>1D:
Object ·~edilJ
'Please
(tScfui3~J)
@;fu
::5s_§§
iJol:$:);fu.
lP'gi\J"~6.s!:i
.i?~S~W7i"
<fu->1:U€J'>OJJ.
Eg : They appointed
Ganguly
Command (S~o~)
Close the door eiw~ ;tmQ)JS Make brinjal curry
.;50S<®
<tai
Request (eSS~);;§8sGUl
Please close the door . Please make brinjal curry
(Captain)
1: a..~
KqS)~s -
T?;o dO"
t)"~§
~t'i
;;SoCiI please tell him ro wait Please bring Mary to the Party with
you
Tell him to wait jiJ umo~o5J;o Zl~ Bring Mary to the party with you
;&e:o
Ko"lJ;os - 2: Active Voice t{j ~~. Facititive Verb (~c:So;;'.?q:gs c:SM~~ Voice
&~g O'l:J'>eJ;s~Q
.--to
Objective
Complement;,')oe.;,~
Passive Verb;S~
Subjective Complement
no 0:iJ06.:><fu,
Wake me up at 4 tomorrow morning ~;(J:)d. Cl<>'li etSc.iOo II. Predicate: 4 KOeJb~ Predicate
~~
@~
®go I'\e)
c§;&C; !Jn~
Object (~6J): Example:
§op;;
-+ ~
@d5J
a:oos& qSD~:Od@<S:lOg)oaa
his sister (re".!5 "~;;] B~;o"
'sCi
@)~~aEt
"Preoedicuts" ®t5J eJ"tI5~ oStSoSJJ ;(J:)ol! ~1:SJ6;:StJ, aot$J Verb 5:05>2JOOJ Complementzzr: ~5Jq;o. Complement@;:Sn';;5g))?
0":0:0 "Complement"
~Q";()~;SQ.
Johnkicked
~~d.;:b)
Object eoc05tilJ<fu,
o:mot:n Complernentrcooo
~.;50E<l : ~~
UJ"ssoC k icked
~;o ahJS&
@;fu$.tloEl~a
@;;]7i" e'5rSJd~ ;!3;:Sd_5 iStlJ ? @6~ £lQexl (his sister) ~ Object.Aim or Targer : Subject cfu)S& Object 71" ~e::o~;;StQJrSJ.
(O"~
~g
(Complete);3uiu
!;'i~~
at)"
QJ"~e'P t:);;5o",,;O eo
Complement O)~oel. Example: He is a Doctor. They made him Chairman .. Kinds of Complements: Complements 006 6!51S:Dex: ~~: I. Subjective Complement 2. Objective Complement J. Subjective
(eJ) ;:.D"Subjective
:o~ otlo
19i"~~)
@;;]fl"
lW"dSJC;o
letter 6:I'>~o&
@6iJ ~~~;:S
ams6- 'D&S<fill
Complement:
Complement';
Subject iJ;;S~oiSJ
~O"
~cSeo~
~e::oiS;6i:bJ<fu. Ve·rb;;Sru
~ot$)
Whom.
e31:l"
What (a)jlO.;a~;o)
iJ ~oEl l?S~ow;;]
eoOJ"lilln" ~i:bJ~5
i]'>
e~Ci3Jnf\ot5e)6;;S
Noun or Pronoun
Object (~O~)@~llio·a.
OF~Jic6Jo6)
Subject,
Verb,
Object
'D&GJ-ObJ
a~6
05J<>e.;,ru §.Jac:ro
~~oe5;o
tUBoD
oo~~ e,J"l'\oSllw7i"
g).;5ilo~<St:DJ.
O,____-------·;2
~l
~;----iM.)s~
ao6~~~-O
._
I, Subject
word
5. Object Word:
Transitive
Verb
@oJl~OQ.
whom e)c:ro what O t<:.oO @~0[);S Learns what? lessons ..s;SJs lessons
Example: 1. Subject
@Q"c6~;;:SQ. e:s'
word
: Subject
r$o6J
a..!3&i3
;,i,..,,~
6. Enlargment
eon
@~o~;:S
'Enlargement'
o.)cSom~~e:!Jc
A good boy;
Enlarge
i3~N'd..Ql).
Formntton :
word ~ !3~FY';:5) ;;:S~@:Verb &' Who 130" What: ~ eoO @-®.lot.l<6 Subject word ;;5~06. Who learns? boy
:a..s adjective eJa'
Sentence
@od~o:s.OS ;;S,r>~W"e.)O~
Subject,
Verb
@o5t660
2. Enlargment
of subject
n"~.
6ei'Jii.'iJ"rS;et6o
word
(1";{)
$a
ooe5&
;:So'~~
purchased
(®a6 S"iOtiJ)
- ae
rSSJ omo6:J
of subjectD
s<6JR"ril
~l;Som:
~o[)
Subject
'What
®<6:l c::"..eJe;J
ifoSoe3 ~6~eJ~
Enlargment
of subject e:!J~ifuoEl.
all his lesson well at home
@~~;3J
cl auses
t'i"
A good boylearns
@;:5o~g @q;~t5J
STEP
Subject ~
clause.
g)
boy = Subject word What kind of boy ? A good boy. A good Subject;:)
-J : 8.~dJ Subject
OY'sS <65;;S,r>E:'J"~dS"o~o
elOl"<OO1"I"
= Enlargment
of subject
~o~O"o. 'enlargement
;;)W"'eJ;::))
e!' l_05"'d_oiSr1"
OS~.);SEI
Enlarge jdill;::)g).
~;SJs . sa
f$ru
l , Artci]e ; The sun rises in the East. 2. Poissessive Adjective: Edward's bicycle was stolen yesterday J. Reflexive Pronoun: The students hemselves arranged the tour,
Subject .fuJoCiJ eOi:!"D. What kind of brother? My elder. verb D enlarge ;3~ c;)"l3so.)5~W"~ where
(.;)s(,.C:;) how (,J~)
,
4. Past Parti : The wounded soldier was carried to the hospital. 5. Adjecti.ve Phrase; The girl in green skirt is my daughter.
3. Verb Word:
;;JoQ"6CilOrv'
STEJ)·-2: a~~
;to50~ ~ol5:JO"o ..
L§d5:J.&
eorl
when
0.
(';)~dJ)
stil
:rr-e:.I'D8
a,sO"~:O
.r::i~ -
~gn jQS.-:o-i5JNd~,
~~
~d$;;p;6)?
l;;:S-3~orlrSruOJ"<ill{1";;)iS:>J;66Enlargement
(What
;;S~oEl. 4.
does/did/will
@~
@~oorS
My
tJlJ'>~E<)O
it last month.
eJ~
learns. !3t6J!3learns
@~ruoo.
why how
;fuoe"e,u
Subject. Verb
;;Y>~
Enargement
~q;o.
it last month.
Sy.>c;c Enlargement
eo[)
horne
~o.))s.
well, at horne
a~.o. Object
Object
~ 'What'
w~ <5J-"eJf)J'.
," .,'-0
74
or&'
~~0.).[);:S alOJ"lillll"
o.:.\:SnrSElEnlargement
a beautiful house.
@~moe.
My elder
brother purchased
'?
a beautiful
O,__-----------..
0- ~~ aoQ~,§56,;)----"l
;5~~f----------O
.,\}
~
.
EXERCISE:
!!ll dfu;;Sl3J6
('il.
tll\:J;;S
~;6d. &t;)t/'
z..S: .e)~;;S~
e...~~~
~;5d_
~!3~.
oS,,;:So~~~;$~CJ
{P"~~
;:;ir>?:,e:.\J~~e:.\J
::Ji6d_J.fu?:,rY'
;;.ID;;5.1
~<too~ ~ooJt.6J..
K~d5J'>C"~d. W~6:l.
01£) t$!1l)goe)
~~~~e.D :
rrofJ
aCjD L~dfI;,~~~
~~o:iv~;S"c$.;)~f1~o.
~ ;3~
9:;~
~;:s§
e5iSo
:;~~oi$t:$o
IPSbN"g!§
6~c.'5mw.
OSJ~clSJ<>go
C9.) G)o~~.
entences (@)~~.:sBoo
e.,!fBtJ5
~o~.J~'
ag)
a..s O~
R"@~ ~l§[)R"<5clI§'"aw
ii-"";J(fu.
006
a) Positive Sentences:
Express trains stop at this station
I. Subject word. 2. Enlargement of subject word 3, Verb word. 4. Enlargement of ext enti all of verb word. 5. Object. word 6. Enlargement of object word 1. My brother has lost his umbrellas in a shop 2. The postman delivered your letter just today. 3. Nervirol is an efficacious tonic. 4. Thank you 5. T shall bring my calculator tomorrow 6. My father gave me seventy rupees for my books 7. I took my breakfast in the morning 8. I hope that she will receive the letter tomorrow 9. Yesterday J: sold all my lands to my brother. 10. 1saw him yesterday in the exhibition.
(;;sJ~~
a)
.;Js.)lJl~
:e~J~ ~~~&
~J
I.!3S\ c.'i:J iV
;;:r>~'
~5 ")6
!".'l
e~ 1JQS..!J)
Co)
@lK~,
Interrogative
Ff'
@l'1of'<?¢'
2.
~r! .~
Sentences cll~
g;M 6t;J"
eo cS~oE'l _.
a).
Subject ~;;soe
,
cll;;S(fu<>F\oi:S!3'i;¥cm<5;fu @go
.
Command
(~;fuooQ)
"'"
;:5:)oe ;;'3f}J~'
IP"g;s
Ot----------;\i
.. !!
76 ~~. -.~Sc!S -
a~.~~--o
0- ~
~~~g§l5.,·--t
_Bp:Jr"(""'-;
77
"I!f-_
----~---O
(~.!
F\;:;
t5J0~dS:J
eo
~;,.).sOQ.
3.
c).
Desire
~M 4. 5. 6.
7.
(~:E
l5:o;;;:; ~ ~o
€!:!o~
lJ;:S6iJ.1:~0;6),
Sentences ~W"6GID,
(~s",)....,~l\JB ~oB;YJ;;))
f$~O"c5g!:l
;:uto~~<6.netl @etloJl
@~S6~oiu,
f!!j~t!i '€!:!o.:lJ
s.,.,Q'iJ
~§) ,1
eJ"s
@~
~e ';::'06
2.
®o6~<6
t1)~~
a;6~
eJ"n"
"S1Snf1'
~oS5J @Dn
eo ~~
S"<6:l~
fJ l'$'w
3. Alas!
(@O"~
®~
.;JOel-
.:$sJ)"I"e<6J~' ce)
1 O. I J. 12.
Illy 1~
mother is dead
for her
gS;6o
f!!j~
~e
a..!3~ 8";6.).
tDClo ~a
! ~ @OSJJrY"CJi5;!J~aiJt>CJ.
;;:''''0 ~.'5
=s= e;5eoiSJ
z5";;JoJ'Vr:i <il,~.!)~
1'.
Request
EG:
(~e.tlCiSJBlb)
~~
GoD
O:)cS;;.'illw 35..)r:i
14, 15.
(rt'
aoet~;;:I~~om
that hook
Hang your
u§lon ~~
'''""' @.:3,tJ",
(.;JS~on CiS.::.::l;;:)o
<.lg ~~
cSe.) ~J"s)
[6.
17.
Keep this away from here. (~~ E'l~ ®;i§ (9'lfu ~dil6)
c5c6t3~
@e:9~;;)
~r6J!:bD".
(~~ {;)1<~ jo
([)~5
e.x; ;;r~.
~O)
iJoM e.>
a.i5
18. 1I).
~;ill§J0"Q)d,).
;5;:S:,·ai:,jo
I.
@<6o
0.16 ~
riot,} oS:..:lotb~
<36;),
(~6 :to.
2.
t5
le3
,;)!;,s) ~
~9:lrSJ
e:1"l0~n"
~dillom
~<>.ll
(Be
;l)-50l9~
~ot3~)
e30"::,6
0?!3,s0 £JtD~
~o?!~§5q.,-O
O-~SSaoQ~§lioN---;179j!----------O
.J~
.,
1t,J""TJ~0~
10.
~sua~'~e,;o ~
11. Don'! (do not) @;fu OSJobriJ
(~oe3 ;fuS
8) bro
S_PS50S}~eJeS
~oC: c:ifuJ~6
e..~ IDt;)~5)
<l>~070~o,)o)~.
b ;;)rJ ~~ &lfusS.
(NEGATIVE ORDERS)
Orders (~~m);;5§:Jo5.xJo6J
jeD
"cj~"
1!!);::5,) 12,
"toe ~.e
eiJ~~
;5S~Es@~Ut
J.
@a3"e3" 1!!)6~)
l;3';::;";;noN"W jdSJ;;S~
s,~c'iJ
O"~~
s.e~e.J
13.
(t:oeJ
qJoileS" 66)
tJ.:ro> ~~
W"~~
10
Q5:J6t':)~056JQ
3.
~o6o)~,
~o5JJBno eot'..1.
(I:1'oe;; qiof\e5
4. Don't forget
W
~oc;,r..J,)
14.
o:lJe
~t'\:J ~E:'6J n w
om
dS.l!;'iO an§.,)
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15.
~IP~
!D~B
tll05@g}Joj
fj5
£0> ~d5Jt:o
oS.:t6J;6oStg ..
If
16.
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!l6
1!!Je) om;;So
~a~:ti..)~J)
@eli:::J:::J g)@no..::s;;S~.
OJ"fJID)
tJ·
;illB
6,
~;;SOIi"
LQ)05.9o,:5CS~.
to
:alil .;;.)o&J"oJ.~&
~ff;S;;St$).Q [}
school
~P)e))
<7
17,
Don't lie to me
(Coe3"
18.
..... ,
a e:u
g}J)
;:Jb& ~e:J6~~CS6:i
~
'Q
~...,o
(.:i
@;,5.)~
;SdSJ;56;o
grand
li"i"O~)
~e.n ;;leJK~OSSOS6J
@~
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8.
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.~ sec ~Fi"bJgS<66J.
to
(&06) 9.
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0..
Fi";;)"11" ~z~oi5<i)6 Q OJ
20,
(E!oe3lQ£J ~~
W"~s'";:Jo
@:ej~:O
aso
qJ6ia01 :0050.::$056
eo.:sCScSJ. o
~bru
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21.
(r1'0t3 D~!5 e»
;:J{5oS§'J) ~Qoe5
aoO~~6..,-O
IrAl
I 81 ~i-.
~<SoS~
Q-.~6~aoQ:.lᤤ~
-------0
22,
(C:otJ ;&$
23.
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r1'·ao)
;:6;:illJ_ (l!ltStJ~
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(eGoe5e.~oaJ ~
36.
(0 ~.~
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,;95 e5 tS1i'fo5)
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lESS&eJ~i'i"'i'iOS~
24.
a~.i5a~ fJ ~~~~d..
(r:!'oeff·~ e:o @~15'
38. Don't: tell Iies
25.
ic:o~
26.
(C;;oe)
fJr>QC;;~e51'Jc) rodiltJi!JbeJ~;;5& tJ
-L... -
.@':lc:ilJud_oi5<6tg
27.
e3e3) o:n;::SS&'.:56:J;;505~
~5 tif! T~cJ)
~.~O"
28.
!,oS6JrSJ
40.
IP'dW~.
(ef'o6
29. [(f06
(eGoe5 GJ"§
~~)
;jKo~ i6~cSo:l~.
!J
30.
Bdil;;5lil.
~~·~~~c)
{f1'otJo5:uo.~)se:seJoS6J
32.
S"~
~
6.Y>.ill) sotfue
~
;jib oS<:$e.lZStb Q
(r:!'oeff ®£~s .~ ~o
34 .. Don't pluckflowers ,
<J"~
5~"'o&>B:t
U::f'oeS
~§
%cSq))
.~exl
g&o:iJQ5~
o--~aoQ~·§$~
., VERB - TENSE
TABLE OFTENSES
Tense Indefinite
(ls~
Spoken Engli~hd e3"10~t1";5~s5.;S 6!:i~~t1" L U. ill. e:>clliJ<fu.
CQnUnuous !:\o~~J)@~
Perfect
-StlQ~)
e3:5,) ~ @o-<f~<5:t
.Present
Perfect Contlnious
9.oa:~~tS'
He eats a.
fruit He ate a fruit
oSo~s
'"
He has eatean
055~s..,
SO~~e5@~
fie has been eating a fruit
He is eating
~~oe_S Past
a. fruit
He was eating a fruit He will be eating a fruit
a fruit
He had eatean a fruit He will have eaten a fruit
@D :
He had been
eating a fruit· He will have been eating a fruit
Present Tense (~~oe) Past Tense (~~ ~~) Future Tense (~t:S5
~:5J) <S~~;6
~f$5"e.>oS:o
e3~)
i;»% a
Future i;»~
~g)~8
J. PRSESNT TEN SI!: (~.9~<6SDI:)~): .;SgJg) 6W~~oEl. Example :We buy a television (~illJ today
'"
PRSESNT TENSE
:OcSS6;6~ :
(gStS~.~
.. oJ>
~~~)
Present
4&a:l-'
n.r
rD50w
AST TENSE
(~~~~~)
·ea Tense
o:m<fuJociJ e35f1;5;;S;:);:)
~~i§o
S"e.;IoejeolS;:) @ot!Ja~.
owoJ>~oe.
Example: We bought a television yesterday (~illJ e.,"'e_SoJ aV~e:l~ o')i65a)
(.l
Tense ;506.:1 L
6~DiDw Ke.;I~.
egg):
g)~;&~
T. V 5"Nd~
.9"eJ~) ; 6a Tense ;;S:o;fuJoOJ
~~;5S
~.9~<6
S"eJDiD
S"e:>O:W.
2.
(~cm
3.
~oe3;ir>S@~)
iDem oJ
i!J[lg)re:;)
e::u~f1)
g);;.':,~e.>;fu 6~~ff ~o-t5l5"~
o:S.9:~;6 S"e:>oQ
@;6o~g:o
c3Q',z) ;&~
PRESENT INDEFINITE
:OISS6rs~ :
TENSE
S"~oc;olndefinite)
@g).
(~J~OIi"
1.
Habitual actions
:GPQ9J"~'"
Or---------~~184--ii»,;J~ )•.
. .It
~oQ~§55.v-<J
Q-~.~§i~---q
.1Il
85~lI-'
-------,0
a.
4. ~ ,@;:SSOoEJ"~,
~o~
~tI;Jb
a4J
ea
~~ifu
o~8J
~<S:lr5oS~
Q)o~~o&.
~o ~~
i)<6 ~~E!~~i6J
(~ £e5,,) ~5 lbt>a!
2. Repeated
6Ul~t!J~
~aw
~cli:D;;:}J.
alene,
;;)~~;;)o
5, He is very sincere
actions
~
@;:)
~ eae- ;;38
t9tlcil
i:l"eJ"
~~o'5J5
~e3"O))h ~6JeiJ'
Tense
§Jo~
tl!oS~F\ot:5e;o
oSe};:J
Tense"
~otl;Jbru,
~~J so ~ dID
!'lcwoE.'l
g}~d. ~~
t5
~~U"~
@~
~a
~d\:)o@o
&S&~ s,./S)JobJo£:')
~£l
~en~.l)~o ~Q)e4
@~~.
~;;)o
aJ'>OQ)6~r5d.E.'l
Truths (@'oe:Jo:OS
;:S~e:.:l): ~
S"a'~~
Present Tense" 9.
ro cfu'o>!lJ Sllion
;;).6
~~
5~ j;)rE,~r5J
t:ooSJv5'i !'lOS;:66o <!O>~~oe,.
2.ad~ ~
£:,
ea~)
~~6
6J<>1n..);6 etSO))oi5J;5)
E ~~
c3~
oSl!;l"S~~~
<656-£)~'5
@s~~
(~ C!;9as~ r1'fJ
@~6 ~~~
t:o
;:J:;o?:le
;'5.""'2,.05)
~t<6"6
~&Ul!fJ
;:J:;o?,tJ5~~
2.
C!;9~
lJe3"
15~
.;»se3")
tSQ6~W" 69)wa~
3.
Q,.._-------_i
J).
.86
}*". ---
O-~~~fi5~---I'~R'-'-------b ..__
jSECTION
- l· B~EFO-RM QUESTIONS]
: ~ ~zy'ri~ r\eJ Yes-No
~~;illJeJ~@;6fY"
@~i6J,:a.&
Oil"
i6so6sot1J
S"~
1. PeslriveQuestlens
Main Verh (g.Q";:SL~ctSJ)n"
l:$.,-"iJoe;o
e5~.
at.)
;;:ro.
cSso~: s>15J
86.rf)_e;()
~5cti}).>r'~§
68.<5
~Q"r;r>tx)
oociJ
( ~~jSO~~~
Am I ear'ly for dinner? l!;~o!&J ~i6J o:illo6:ln-> ~~~?
-~~~~~
1. Positive response, 2. Negative response 6Ju<6<:mei& r;J.<5~Q;:S:J. 1. Positive response ; Question form'& rieJ subject:o 03"!:iso ~o6JSJ eit). 03"SSOw<ScKo questiou mark c full-stoprs
t'l"~§ S"o):r> Il'!l;fu
;Syo.CJ.)e.lJ i.§diJul).
fl!J;:5) ;]O"~
2. Negative response: Postive response (j:o Yes ~-"B..)verb @O",:}~ notg) ~otJ;5~Q"6c;Jot'F 6.;loEl,@);5cStS~;:S
"No"
IT'
~tS.?,
E.~?ru
!:J~
~~
(l!;<5.}oru~oCSJI"'i")
O"e3CSJ
Negative response
6",>;;50
~6J6
tS~
@l'\;;)
~6nOJ ?
,adiJt>£i.
<G.so~
so!J
!!!J~,
9"a~
!iJ" ~.so€! S"'6JS'6:i 6JoiJotx)
9.& ;;;r>;J.I:Po:1S"6:J
(a.~Ei~ ~otS.?l1"')
·0"'06
8lil. 9.0
~,G).se;5~.
positive
®;Q);P., ~~
d'
otfu. tJ~;6;.iJ~~§
;;5;<u .iJo6oW'u~
response
@<6;:Jt5~;5
Q.,"<:)o :06Je:.6;JoC!l.
0";;);0
S"oir>
ru~&
:::?b e'iM
;fuo15J.)w
oo..~l).
b..Negative
11"
;i_,.."en
e;oDd
iJoQ"LlE901"i"
®~;;x,. .fj~ ~6
~6:l,
'8"
eJlil·
1~~H~);;SS011'" <5iJ".)<Q).
01:b<ileSJoB,
®~;:Jd~;6
·i.J.tJ
ejf\;5 ~~tx)
fJtt;
~t)'8"e)SJ
@V-oSSOI1"'O"e)CD.
~rSJ
1I,'i.
Of-----,-----____J!
88 ~:,,-. -iMO)s:i
.,il
~oO~.§5~_<)
f.J~
~~
<iJo16~os,e.!IotJ£OiT
:¢l@6 a~t:J
.DoC'O"o!5J l!;!lo;:Je')OiT;;)~~.
'. Isn't
.~ ~t9o
;;:idiJorr'E3<:&.:l ~W"?
,®i96 ~~tiJ
G~,:iJ
@!32,ca.s6
.;J';si±r>'
otiJ
;:scroOJlb ~"'d.~
Isn'f any body there? @)~&d ,JoSe,.. ~~? Yes. nobody is there @)~<6J. ~S2,.d");;)c._,., a6 No, somebody is (here
c5e
G~wo?
t!;OJd_CJ
~d'w
aoe;;SlS Q
8~
~oe'l05~
e3wo
@)~6;]~
(?J"eJJb
®t1ru ~.
1!!l~6 ~
fi'el' a,oe3<59
a.oe3 <69
aeil
eJ&.
@~6
Be.
I~
8J"'exIGJ
c6:1,
@I6~
~e>
d3~~
ad GJ"w6 w t3d.
S1'lJ"?
!:J1:S;:r>W"?
~elOn"
llcsOJ"e:...
ID1:S.:;Jbt$:l ~~
Qr---------'
• 1I'...lI
90
bt-;
---,~",s£m~g,i5,.,-O
o--tM.,9£ SloOfi
§5f),;) ------'ii'
91
~r·---------
a..
O. .
atSJ, ~<fu!.J~
~~..)ot)
e;!I
@~J=
l\:)5oi.)S"6J
fi~ol1"
al~~l'. e~~?
~~~rF
alal{)~(!. GIV".,lCl
fl~
i'J"~
~~..)oe
e!l @~JQlJ
X:Jeoi.)
S"O"?
Yes. she is not the girl J told you about @~<fu, ~;fu !.J~ ~~..)o5 (!!jI@~JOJJ No. she is the girl I told you about
rU~ew soC'il
a6J, @8C0
<\986
a~
a6J, ~;S;> ~~
~i6
t3~.)oEl
!9 @~~Ol)
rUEloB.
bteSon" a':IDfJ~e.
a~?
SoOS"
:O(fSe e<5.}tJI>?
:Olf5&~
t!:;oEl.
DOW
~~, ~~ S.Q~~i:;JOlfS& :
Isn't
o}>;j aoS"
a.::s,
@66
!.J SJo5.Jo6J~1V"
Yes. he is my son
®~~.
a6J.
a6J
;otfS&~ ecSd_t1.
@66 fJ SJ;:ipOJ6
No, he is my son
e3c5.J.
!.J~
~~6J6
@oS:r>~OJ.')
l\:)50jN"
';Z;fu
!.J~
a~JoEi
I'!;I
f!!loiJ"~= l'Ueo~.
o..----------.
0- ~9:i
~oQ~.g5~---.#
.111.
93
1<.",-
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...
r
1.
~;fu
~!l~
~g:)~
.:5.1"~~;fu
:06~.:s;6({),);) : tr)~6~
ei ~~o& e:!~KJ~
e~
;:):0;0 @O)~
I am talking seriously ~;:fu~ad5J5n<' ;;S:yo~c$.)6JiJ"J.tSJ. ~c:lJKJ.oo~c$.) he is asking for mangoe @ili:&J ~.llic.5"d5Jru Who is Raju talking to ovW' OJQJafJ' ~~CJ.oo-~c:lJ
ga college
@o~-,,~.
~:;5~no~
~a
~o~6~~~
e;J1)){U.:));;)J.
/1<1108
i6:O:O@erJ~€.:J~
eD"~6~e»
$"ej,M ;i3t1Jco
e36J
S"a~) ®6~
S"~~§
ci)'IiOeiJN'd.CJ
®e.lQJ"e:n1l"
2.
aO"
e:lBf'lC5 ;6;SJe;B
@~6
L~s~~ 3;6J~oQJ~6
6:!~6:J
O e.;6~I'\~tiJ,
a§
~l"6- ::Je5 ~
~el)
f:)<5i>_"~
£360n
6) e3
B;::J:;~oQ)Nd;fu.
~::5:! iJ-:.Q"6~0i7'
3.
:O~tll\5g)o{;,§
;:$y.> @0~6
5"6s!§~~e))
oQ)~€.:J~
O~~ei>~OD
;:S3J ~t':)&
affi 3'liJ~~~
4,
(11)1
go ing
[0
coli mb a hill
WAC . .;)s~~~~.
(6:lc.6Jt>~
e36:J
ej6J ~~<J 6 03ije:.."'b
a6
eJ"KJoPIb
';)~6J
rf'CUloFi
He and his brother are always fighting about who wi;i .ake the scooter ®8c$.) @e$~ l'0661ileil
~obY>~
~&~:Jl5 b;::J:;~QJ"b
@~
GN'dfu.
[Q
1 am forcing you
go
:n~~ @@rp
e~otS);;)
~c:lJ~~Q.
t3;;5)!§JOUlN'd.c:lJ
QI-°---------'i
94' r...'--0
;\)i...,SS
aop~~~-o
o--~9~
~~§$5,;)---Il':
~5--~M.-:
-------0
BtSJ,
E)a
5Gw~£~~g
:i3~~~6:J.
e50"?
a~"'d~
·ea o"'w
f7eP
~';ill
S";;JC")!J§ ~t6~,~<$)
kill him?
!OSGS~~
i'J"
sIi:6o ,,)6J~i5:J'o~~6
@6&~ .;5o;;-)G;"ns~tb~;;:r>do;:l??
~Ol1"tJa
6cJ:5.:po~.;5dSJd.ooN"d..;::D,W"S"&;;sa
£"r6J .~eson'"
unt really
@6e.::J.::)o;;-)(;;C::Js
No" r am
ci'Hb6.>Wd<S:l
at5J, ;3;fu.;oeson'"
~~~6J~C"?
b~ :ae:OrF
@~<fu,
@~a;'J
6o'~~:ag
·;;3ti1·e.Ja~?
·d6.:J
a~. @e§dJ
@&6
~alO
@6c:ot5o~t:<;")!J'§~~b
~~.CJb
b1:SJ.
?
@6c:O
.::)0<:)(:;";0&
;afuJ6J~'il.
;;S:.;o~6b ~t::fD?
~"'4':6t:J
®e§6 n~o
a6
86:J.
{Ja
@8i&:Ji:J&:lo ;i.,J"¢.J~i&:Jeil~6
(0
college today :?
cf(;t'b~
4a
~a<2§ i0fu~~;;}"'?
5:l~~~~.
,'.
Q-.~3l0Q~§§!)~
til,
r:
r
~W" ~
1
b\eSCSe;J~
"
f:j~~f\o:i:.5J
~~t0oa
r.tbJ
~;fu
6I:SJiJo;$~
_o
..
@~t;i)
.;j071";:5oa~~ o'
~g
@o:JJ<5QJ~(!l;j;,
Tense ~.ci:!CSd3J'>t'i~m.
14.
r have
just. returned
her book
;;:)'>~i6,) i3~;fu
eQ'>o:5'<>~~e:l:I :
J.
I have written a letter
@~
~~5":JJ. El,~a;
low fur
¥Oll
~<il]J.,§6 ~rr~~~<il
C§:P'4i&c.tJ~
!l<::ld.::i:J
3.1 4.
5.
cs~;;JO'~:'J N"~
t'ii1l~ ~~o~.
l8,
aeJLlJ
ty'B";;:lJ
~i$Jg£ek5J
,~6~ ~~6J;:fu
;;)o;;Se36J
6.
7.
®~6 ~6S:J
8, he has gone
@e§t;i)
~~J~
OUI -_
!J~ ~eN"-5~EOI
lip
~QEl diu~iij'>?
8Jc.:l5J6!3J~t'\:;JEa:iPciJ '!<
again
.a~... ~Ql;J
-S~!:QI~~OQ
diu~;:5J
csg
atS;l. ~<fu
,;)e.JbaeJ
dllioC;;e:§6J.
,1 L
;fu1iD
12. Just
11
8~:J
day's
~8J.oQ;5e.l
rest has
unporved
@~
;5;fu ";f)'>oe5
~~E9
~oa
cti.:l;lo~e31:S:J
§;;)(!lO
2..S
&'<:P g)l:O"oB
oSJ~ :i:l~OQ
e36J,;5<fu §"o6
~.
~~C!I
&?coa dlli~;fu
Qr----------------1J
--
98 ~;-. -_
~s,!5
Sl.~
~~-=O
o-.~
aoO~~~-----'.!\T
99JI-~
-------0
'
..
~L.o
;)oiil~~OJD?
tJ
oJo,:5)SJ~~
a~ ?
Yes, I have
(!!)~;fu,
;;3;:)J a.~6
e.,§ e~;o
A
~tJ 'OtSJ
hal
a6J.
tl~
@~~.
;3<::0
9.0S"
d~;:)
~o.:D~atlJ
Haven't
a,OS"
d~~
..Jo.::b~a~?
~l>L~ oJoi:S:JsS&u
;)oiSJ~Nd.i\D
(!9~<S:>, a.1&6
COl • .;)oS~
tJ
SeT'~d_iiJ.><O"cD
!l §eJ'~J. .:il'>caOJ_
Have you got a car to ride in'! l;;j~£'$o.:s~;os Yes. I have got
@~~,
S"())
Q~O"
~eY'::J.l ~G.SaO"
car to ride in
S"/i)
L;;jdSJo~o.:srJ":::l§ <J"s,
(!!)~<S:>,
;);;5~
.~ !:ieJ"~d_ ..::SJvcB6J
a1SJ.
No. I have not got a car to ride in l16<ib&o.::lwu;.)§. N"s, S"tD SOLD aO" ?
a6J
BtSJ,
e.,~Gil
!J eieJ"~
iSJ'o<O"6
@Scfu~o,:)~~§
S"1»
atSJ
?
a6J.
~r6J
~vZ'~)S
eiSd_El
for head-aches
e3cn
.7~ ~ 4f'
___J,i
B6J, .~
;;S~ Oe.l'~~Js
~!n
Or.
lOob'___·i\)i.;S£i
stoO·1l §§B,;,-D
o-~~~,Si~--:~I)I-' ------0
--
.1..
John has been looking at the exercise for half an hour and he still can't
do
5.
e3:5
I!!!
~~~~
~oS"
@'>6o~ot:SZJe.;6;;S~
~;(),es~6SJ
~6JlD~.
::.o!:'i~
8:l6:Jro
6.
<ll.;;5.Je5~;fujv~
ea
Eg:
ifuoi5 ~g);;)_cJ:iJ<>~ 1:SBJ~ I have been reading this novel for six hours ..
6 rlob~
eNd~
1l!I~~ 6eD;S~e.'l;6Joe. ~SJ ~.5 3dSJ'>~;o @'jdSJaJ.;;:l,,::;5 ~;:i). Q 7. She has been working in. the garden all day. 1l!I~ rSPi30fJ'>
&tl~
;;5~a~
e;6d_e.
~;:$)
~oe,
;6;,ot'>
·aa ;Sc5o~
-t:S6J;;»~;a
eN'd._ifu
8.
He has been playing the same tune for two hours and I am getting very tired of it.
@~~
;e;6.) 3 Kobe)
2. 6a. Tense Eg:
~;:fu O"@
~"6J?/j
§Jo6:JJ~
eCJ"'~.
§J"G3"
@a
0"ri"~J.
006 Kob~;SJoE.
OJ"COJ;i..:!~ G~.
@o6:J;;S~;S
~6J..:5,)ri"
e~c.fuof\oiSc5~ifu. 9.
~;fu
O";:)~
W"e:l" g)<furui5oO";fu.
AJI day long I have been thinking about what you said fJ;;» ~g:u :a~J~ r:::P;o;o lD50[) ~rfu E?8:l06'! Il!I&D~~ t:;~;6J.
@Y'ru~~
10.
fJOfJOlPIJ, ~;;5.)ru
;6)edfu
~od6J~el:l
~ru~bSJeGJCfu'on~tD.
Tenseo
f:l~
C"@06"
;;5;oa~;5
e.Nd.~.
clloSdlJo/,\ot:S;;').:lJJ;(:.:,.
More permanent actions and situations Eg : I have been living here for the last month
~~ ~"2,2.lf, X6
(®6s06
06".t.s~~;:S ~~ru
~o
<fuoE. ;ooS~~
e~)
~S2r~ 20
;:Jo~~O"e)
;6)0(5. ~;;S~~i\l".,).ifu.
1. Raju has been flying kite. for two hours o<>e::-> oolil Kobe,)
;S.:.oc.
oo6cfre>~
iDoe
3.
repons-about yourwork.
;)obJ'o
t> ;;5;0
re50t>
~;fu !!!l;S;:S,:;~~
~a-S6JOJ
..~I.:-;.II-
G:;~;fu
.",
0>----:--------',
10.2 ~~--~~
&e6~.~6~-<)
~'
r
2,
[?-t3"fu,
2.
he cried when
~~rr>~
Will>
r left
~~~.
i6:l8
II
c£l@§
: ~~
t!!)ii~
1_ ~a Ten e ~ ']mpJe Past~::> !Dv!4" "'t<$~5~6:l ~ Tense & ;fu;5J. ii:I"~;;<fuJ ~;gotn, ~Rlo5
~Q"i'Sf.OI;fro11"
3. He had
feeliog that be
going to _fujlagain.
!!l:oa~
J''6''4l,
4.
ifu~
e1'OlJe~~:s~
1P"<6;6
f!!l~~
~cJr;"moflQiS:l
~o~~~~
r'i~Q& e::M;;5
~(!)~
O~~1\.l~
5.
tense
~Ol)~
g]
~;;S03.:J"FI~~.
¢iJg:;So ~
a6:J.
a;;.'boo6J.
iGa ~
6.
L hivaj t fl
llghl
a.~
e!!51\o$tJ<5;J~
6~tJ)f)
She: wept
od5Ju6anot'l
9.
~ WOei'
C"!:lI$6l
s~O".:1l 1965JaJll<stt
~o6" a,u.,J~
~ L;6~6-~ .se~6.
~ bifu~;3Ul"e:'J) ®CUl3 ~
1!!lf).;:j"b:!
@'i~iio
a~ e1::>
10.
®go.
eg,6od ®6~
N
12.
@I~~
used
to::> Present
e~lSo& ~8f\
!!!!:iDs>
tliJ':)1il
Was used
to+I1011n
eJrJ"
a:05~6r,!5or1'' Q a:l ~
a<S:l!3"~;:S::J ijeD;())~!;bwas used to E;!).i'6J ~!JeJ:fu Eg ; The Mughal rulers \.... used 10 luxury. ere Gandhi wa . \I ed to spinning charaka.
&o)Cfuof\~~.
e~608 ~~ciJ
l!!)ej1:S.J X&
~oeJ'>
ij~~
®Oes~
;680"~
~~~J c.);o~'5"<to
Did you follow the instructions PAST INDEFlNrfETENSE (~~;:SS ~c:h~"e,)~) £)...-.., u,!I
on the packet?
iJo~oO"cy?
escm~ ~6o
fJSJ
i\l"
otJo
e!)o.5;SO" ?
6~ ';)~&.:5i1"
~
Gl~O"?
for Deepavali ?
5"e> 6@ ~ap 66
6~
';)fu&aJl1"
~~le,
~~
£)~
~O'$) S"o.,§g
;;:l~~
e361 . ...;a
OclJ
:DrJ'lo:l" ?
~ 5"ap
(!Jl~~,
,;)S:ld.~l1" ctl~O"?
ea
the!
<&08
@?.{p
§;:J:;SJ~~
atTI , ~a
~~J
No,
i1e>
fJ~
tJ"COO
6JUJ'>S"'" '7
5"~
tidSJ06& .fJ~
iill'>~~cy
.;)~.J:tg) cyC"'OJ" ?
:O~l&liS"" ~~
Yes.
\!!)~~.
b~ ~eif
No. I was free (not busy) yesterday a6J. ;;3;fu :O~d. ~e'§".,o;fu Weren't you busy yesterday'! ~05)
::J~d.2:)tSiI"
e)CY?
6N"J:'"SJ
;:l~Oo~~
~.:,S'~1i"
e;iJ>~W
\!!);S.s=o~S":O
l;;:r>~oa
&<6e:.l
g).:>'S2;:;J"
e. 03'd,0" ?
.'.:}
O~----------(J¢I06~~--~.)s:s
QOQ~
§5~-O
O-~QoQ~~5.;J~-.....o;1107~L,
J.
--------~
WIlS
walking GoC;"..
alone.
;;:)c;0;5:Jo
CLIp
i5;fu
t'ilJ~;fu.
i:l.Ja-lJ<';fu.
it.
oSlU~tQe
L Past time Q a..!ii ~~ ~~~ S"a-::l§ ~~S"~oC" e!1il~iSJ;6.l~i'l O~~Q~ Examples I. When [ went to him yesterday, he was taking coffee.
T.v.
lit
e5. g) .-tir>~
~~~cli~;$,
~.l<fu
@B~s"~
·a~§"oe,g.
~<J'd..~
8.
\ba.ui.me
~;fuo:bo&;;3;fu
gGem ~~e.
.~'O"~
9.
YOIi
O'd.lleo
~<.S-~
~~i:Do'iJ";5,o
2. i'laoQ
1.
~
S"ocSS"t:.lO ~~
When Lsaw him the other day, he was ruunillg high fever. ;;3~ ~5"S
esSe:!"
@l~:O:O
~~.i6~~,
@~~
a~ ee::lSo&
f:\lfil".l6
2. Mary was reading a book while David was writing some letters
~g)Q
§"~J.
12.
3J5
a,~
~£§.!!io ;S6c.1l~
36J~i6.}~til.
QS~p
~eii" ~6J~,
G~.5.
<ho~;i).
1.
K~
O"~
.:')tSJ~§"OtID>
eoctfu.
( ~~J~~t.:lSJ
I. 2. While 1 was making ;5~ c,~J..0 ~dSJo6:J j~
cl;~~~,
~~
0jQ~~~~
eocifu.
She jumped off the train when it wa_s moving ;ern ~6Je.:o~ ~oC;r;o
1;!9~
3.
While]
~;:5.)
I1CJJ toti
4.
2.
If I had been there. I would have made several criticisms. ~r5u e:t;>§,?:rt:.
c50C,
e5;:)d'#:OIl~. !!9~S
g,);;))I:?JUl ~N
~D~;;)"C~
pre-past tense
®~
oSs~~5~.6J.
3.
(e;:::'~()o~
,:506l{)~exJ);
:yf> ~iytJ0lI::; ~g
;iiI)) 31J'6"~ ~.,.
8@ d5:D;;;;J'>d.~'
I. ~dS"'(.)oe
oo~ ~r5Je:>
ale('\;6~~
~o~Q
~olilTI"
alOM ~~~
pre-perfect tense Qf:SJ O<:).,.,V. Examples I. The cat bad drunk the milk berfore I came ~ifu cS~Q;;)J~"§ 2.
~~ ~rn 1!J"~~oEl,
;S;::n ;;:;P fu
~~d. ~fI
6.
K'OQe)SJ,
e.!!~
,;S[;Jd5:;JO~ac5,)
The car had changed hands five limes before 1 bought it. ;;3ifu S"jb;:).)e.'3'S s>tU
1l:lc5,),;]o~
~!iJ
~~PJ" ~
ra.2J~Oe ~tJ'>~?
-~ G)
3.
~<5J ~Z j1JQ;GJ~§ ~~
2,
e~1) ~f'l0iJ"iiJ"?
o$~:,)
eu)~Q~ :
;:J'>~
s,G{)oo ~~6J.
~;;S,ClS,i"·;J§) o$;l;l1~~
~~J.il-<\l)e:l)~~~c!S:Ja)e,~g).
@iS~&
@I~
~c} c.~.)oo
10
Doctor had advised me to take milk daily C"gtSJ r6~ tE)@5"er ~Ol
him
3~g.olJ~
;:Je)~ra.~~
®~~W
@~
iJ£D aoJJa~
i5oJJe3WO ? ;:.t.)
;)~.)&5:J
3,
~~ 8~~ @6o
3.' n fulfilled
,;:ro60
@~~8 ell;;))
Oe,);liil!e.;,.~ :
fg~ifu,
;;"b,
desires
{\!)~~&
@e§~~
@~
@m
2. ;aifu
,;S;S ;S;fuctV....~
~e1Q" a~ tlloW"ID,.)oQ
sal:$J (@lcm~
oSJ4r-
tS@oo)
a6,
~;;n '!
'.;JEf
;S~JOQ,
;Se;jti
"lad thevwon
4.lmpo sible (unfulfilled) conditions ofthe past ~ a~~Q~ Examples I. lf'she bad len earlier she would hove reached at time
@:ill tmo6J1l"ti ~~D ~;;)
~OJ)a rJ';))cfuo~§
~'r
;;]"'to 7\E'JW"1il.
\,·,011
i3e &O~E>.
O-------~:
.'1, 1·10)-----~.)s~a06X1gsti,;)__o
at)}.
;;:r->t).)
r.o;;~ac5.:J
.. """
...
o-~s.5
aoO~§5~·~~;
III
~"--------O
?
Dcit won
~ASTPERFECT
c
CONTINUOUS TENSE
:~a!ir'~oQ
nvi6~~.
~~~f\o~
~od~~
~oC~
6o~oS
aifu,
®.;j~§
EJ"~'
Mb~6J bim~? ?
G:l:O ~eM~ aC)~I!.)~Past Perfect Centlnuous Tense:o~~floiS.oS·~.:J's,. I. The baby had been crying Ior five minutes when the nurse attended to
her.
@~
tJ-6"C"
2.
1 had been absconding from the classes before I was warned by the lecturer.
03"~/'\)~
tJ-6"1SJ ~cfuaCS:l
? him
a§,:)6oi5
03"e.:J.
3.
~"'iSJBO..;)e.)a ~otS.:J<66!:iJ
'~;:5,)
'~o:Dvs.,
116J
jliaetSo:fuh
e;o~
e36.:l,
@E)~~
03"':» K:J~
She had been walking for two hour when we found her.
~o5JJ.
~~;$J
!3~fY';;3
;$6~
@~ao6
Koi!.:lv~tJJ
;66~~
GOa;6)
03"6J /'\)~
tJcfue3t:J"
;3c1SJe3lfu
a~
ti>oGdfuoe3~.
e36J.
@i)~§
OJ"tSJ
/'U~
B-a"tlJ.
to 7 1'..111. ill
Kolbel ~oe.
Wile I was appointed as a correspondent, my sister had been working as a teacher for four years.
~Ifu S6fJ:JoQo~n" ~ei$:J!lJot;j3)~05.J6, ~~S&
"'"
;;;JI>w"AfuJI'll'
oS~
a~
e3;:Son"
~o~;:s".
The balloons 'had been hovering in the sky since morning aW'~ Gtlcruo
is,)oc. ,;)ri;l6;}eiJo
e;oclfu.
--
Examples:
~eJ~
r$006:v~Ul:
OQ
~~;;::.~o&:oe05.oS=cr;a fl"iO,
~.
®:Jej~fl" CC'
11":0
~eoe ~;S:lc:;llSJ
d~~. - ~~.
2. 1shall go now
~;fu
~~a~~J[jS~;6.;;
OD
She will arrive after you leave (not, will leave) this place, [fyou .tart (not, will start) at once, you will reach by ten 0' clock. We shall buy it since you need. (not, will stop) it I shall wait till the rain stop, (not, will stop) Unless you work (not, will work) bard you will fail I can't give her the message until I ee (not, shall" see) her Wilen she arrives (not, will. arrive), she will tell us everything She will come whenever she is (not.will be ) called You shall never save any money while you are ( not. will be) :0 extravagant. J I sh a U give her the message as soon as 1 see (no. shall see) he!', 11, I shan lake my umbrealls in case it rains (nor, will rain)
I, 2. 3. 4. 5, 6. 7. 8, 9.
my way back.
~.... ;6 : ~ l?iSo~;6d' We
oo~
;;);6,)e.l.)
a.~0"~
~ob;;3
a.!&e:l
O"O"~
.IDO"ofuo
a!ilo~
aeF\o$t5J6:l~~
ag)c;~
~~;fu.
KGSJ~s;
Examples 1. 2,
I shall not come till the meeting begins. (tot5ori l~'N:So~;6 ~ob~) 1 shall not come till TIlemeeting has begun (tbe3ofi @o1jo~;5
~0".')6)
1 st person pronouns
Shal1~ ~;;)Cfuof\oO~
(1, We)e:JW
1"1;;:).)):)13. ;:::'oaoJoon"e~J..~6 :
(l?S~d.eJo1il
~ol.J)
will
g)
@;,Jcfut>F\Oi:l"®.
Person
I
PronouD
1
we
Colourless I shall
we 'hilll
coloured future
I will write to you from Bombay .... Promise, W~ will wait for you"
Coloured Future
oe.D~;;il.
& J st person
pronouns
will
Determination
Intention
Future
Coloured
Ilnd person
(W"11";;)o), -a
pronoun (he, she. it, they) W<6u shall;6) e;;)(fueF\oD;:$~6 ccmpulsron (~6J0l;So), duty (!:l~~,so), restraint {@t:i:><;0),
~W"
promise
threat (~Eleo~)
You
will
command
(@a:l)o;6)
61
~kJJ~;fu,
You shall haveit back tomorrow". Promise" He shall. report for duty tomorrow .. command" She shall SIdler for this Threat/Warning They shall depend their
dmy/-Dury/ determination.
Tense in the clauses: after, before, if, since, till, unless, until, when, Whenever, while. incase. as long as, as soon 0$08
oe.u~ o$~oEl ~be.D
He She It They
'S'>~c6 ~
&- L.:J'crl)C:),::Sr);fu.
Future Indefinite
cll;;Scib'>no.::5O"~.
Ten e ~ Imperative
e:90':)6 subordinate
clause ;So6:l
~;:;).)
r;JO
!3O":::J.l a~;fu
Eg : Make sure that everything is in proper order. See that the' work is completed by 10 a.m, Future Action. ;0 1. 2.
~tl)~
t:;"~o gOcJo
OJ
~t"U".~
;6~.J~~
Present Indefinite Tense WOSO" Eg: My examinations begin tomorrow. Present Continuous Tense~O" Eg: We are leaving this place next week
~sS;:Jo O"DE)'S~
.~;:5.)
e~~
,3. "Going to" Eg: Let us get into the train. It is going to 'Start. It is going (0 rain, Look at {he clouds 4. M.ay, must ~o~ auxiliary verbs Eg: You ma t get good marks I must go there tomorrow
=s=
I will tell the broker j;6) L~~OS ~~~ 'I shall watch the baby
~;;D
D'Stl"
all:o
e.,S
i5:Jn~~
( i5~J§B~~~~ 0jIl~~el:)
He will not be back
(!!!le':Se5J' 8M 0"e3"f.)~) J will be hack in a moment
~~ciJ
10
rlOII.eJ~
!:ie.::ur:l6tJ.:o
(;:3~ a...S;.;
~~o&
@M oS~r6J)
@::JJS:Jo~~ ~'11"~~
§ ~o6f.)~dj
Thedoor eie.::u~
aof1o ~dS"Z-)l5d::
Twill makeup
;$~ jd~'
oJcs;;5:)
cfue§'>o~ ~6
'~o5J
j;fu
N";;5J.rI"e
-&~d'
~otJ<><fu
I will get
~~ej
~~ c3~ 5"e3~g
@~;5J.
clloty>;;:ro?
'5~ S"e)e§e
e.o~J";fu.
-~ ..
BcD,
;;3;S,;,
~Ij&
001'1 oS~oO'"
~~ ~~ S"eJe§&
@~;fu,
No, she
n't
acD.
(!!I;fu
6;-,'6&
<2oey>;fu.
Will he be in Chennai in May Ist @)e§~ ;& IrS i:\<5J.cma ~otJ"o ? Yes, He will be in Madras on May Isf. @cQ)rS:>, ~ 1<5
@e§~
~~ ~~Mj ®M CPO'" ? Yes. she won't come back soon. [ expect so. @~<6J, ~;;;'be§~6{j
a5f'1O"~
a;::JJ.cm& ~oey>lil
e3ciJ,
@6CJ
@<i§6;.
BcD. wm
(!!I~
~,'6& u5F\oS;:::Uo&.
0.. _..:
you be ready
by four?
1;6 i:lr:lJ.cfu&
?
e.oclil May 1st ~o~CJ
~05) ~enlU
e_
Ii'S @6~
a~tfue
-0.
e3tS:l.
~~
e...l:l' (6l6~ c
N"e.:Jru
you won't boil me an egg. <J"'t3Je..,S JlU~;:i, e.e;so~Q)~ boil you an egg.
a6J. ~~)
Shan't] ;§;s, ~~
e)6J, ~;5:)
Kobe.l~
~6or1"
eoeJorS:>
e...S
~~;:S:.
~Mo,:5c6~
all
egg,
e..!§oL'ic66J. 0
No, you will boil me an egg a6J, f::;~ a..S ~"06;5:) Ge.~o,jJ
'"
,~t O-~ao~~5",---;
119!i;-~'--------O
4.
<It
es «);&65Jo&
<5;&
®t;5s6gv;:)J
[';),ob6.""~
: ~
~!}O{;e&
a,$
;3~ 5. When
@oeJo~.
r go to his
T ense ~ G05"m.fI.?~, ~
.t:5~~~
Go~6
( YES·~NO TYPE QIJESTIONS Will she be sleeping when you arrlve home
~~ aoe5§
e~ ~ ;0~~~13 -a~ ~
~~ oS5~ ~~
~otJo~.
2.
I shall be eating may lunch by this lime tomorrow ;0oSJoiP>~§ ;:5;6) ~ea;::)o
j6:J15oJ.,)d§ ~~
aoe5§
f.ll§5~~
eO~JoO"?
a~
;:;~
fi;oe.Jn~
r arrive horne.
@fu
;:3~i'y6:l
~lfS~~
Go·tbJoo.
ti~ ~ ;6oSJ~iOs
Goingto ;:3;6,
~~C"w ~~
GOeJc;:S:)
No, she won't be sLeeping when I arrive home, e)l':5J, ~Cfu 'aoe5§;5~;6;;S'yC:l
~fu
fi;05(fu<>f\o<S<5t$:;J~'
::JlfS~rua
GoQ6:J
ti~
:;3~c:SoJ.:?6
t$~
1'Jl6~~
6oct»,
a6J. -;;3;.fu
9,oe.3~ ~.::5J<S;;SJt$l
~;il:J
1'JlfS~~
GQ~oe.
<9,S6,cl!iJ <6q,y:5oJ;C:l.
<3:JEi @lciilg9;:Jq;3Dt5J'>t,l,:!
g)O"S~e) L§se5 ~.6~ €5.Jot';e..i·";;;§ ;;'3~6J~<6.E "'-
GOe.':i'''©
;0.y>&.C)J~ ~~J;:S~~'
10 ;:n;:.)~
fJoe.Jn6J
I,
We shall be going
;zy,ctiJoiic ~~
2. The sky
(!!3S".;30 IS
!fuci;~
3.
YOlI
return at Ii p.m.
~!f;;:)o
fJ~
~~
~II
6 l"Iobe_)~
~sJ,a J6J6:J
GOv;;m.
.(;\1',
0;-· ~------"~
120~"""'_--~s;5a~§'.i~-O
L
;;So..)
tVe:l;5o ~~o
d~ ;6~~.
tl!a"~;6j.
e~~,f\oiSJ;;5oC$c:iJ~
~gt:~QS)(tiJ"~§ (cSuoB)
a..S:
<:j~
oSjJ ;'3o!S:l,~cfu
~~@;:S6~ t:)~.:?b~
;J"U"~g
ea Tense e e~ca..""FI~I:SJ.
.:5E>,g) Goey.<6.i.
1. 1 shall have read •. e novel by next week. h ;;3r:iJrS;0f.)~ 2. 3, I shall have been here for six years by next march .;);3J <6Jo5J§
"iLl you have cleaned the room) e rme . 1:>@@~o,) ~6J.~~ c6;fuctiY>:o§ !;)~ ,~5 ~@;:;!6{'J, eot,.-,...,..?
. esrs arrwe ?
Yes,l will have cleaned the, mom by the time the guests arrive
@~~.
ll10Q"ow morning
e~;;)'y~
@3~ru
;3t»!;.b~ ~~ctiJ"~s
~;fu. ~E>
-t:l§1<Ji1n boe.P;;))
arrive
d}oli;;l:i.
6loeJt;;:50.
Two Clauses .: Future Tense ,ie; o:l"S~cSurSo6:; Doli! Clauses Main Clause I. 2.
l1!Ja~w j6J!3.:l~
~;fuc:JWo:O§ ;5iG;)
rio -ID®;;}l5D
Won't youha.ve cleaned the room by the time the guests arrive?
@a6Jw ~6J~j
;6;fuo$J"::J§ ~~
Indefinite Tense ~ t;~d'u_"F\oW"v Before we reach the station, the train will have left the platform ~;;m
Ke, ~~;;}6D
e>o~o::r>?
Yes, I won't have cleaned the room by the lime the gut'st'> arrive
@)~;6.),
"2<;S.<'Js 05cSuoB.:ee:v
~eS~6o~
,g)c~ e.oe:ooo
@@1ihe:vi36J!3.:l~
;:)o5Jo:SJ"~§ .~;:.D
K& ~191;S6D
eoc$;S:;
[f you start now. you will ha ve completed the work before it grows
No.1 will have cleaned the room by the time-the guests arrive
e3t$),
dark
@O~e.D
j'6J!3.:l~ ~<fuei5Jo~§
~;S:;
3. Before you go to see him be will have left the place ~t&~:J8 "3f.1J.,;:r!JS:l <fu)Oa, @8t$:) ~
(~~J~~e.J~~~~~~]
I shall have done all these exercises before the teacher comes.
e5.::5o
o:S;jJ~oa
.i5~
* t!!)~~f.)<6:1
~oe....""G:l
~~rlloe....""~.
-~
O,_..------.....;j'122~~·
--~.,~a~g55..,-O
e:l6:JKJllio
~ tense ~ tll;;Scil.Ff\~6:J.
(~5 ;;J"~so&a6J)
cS~J ~L~;;?60
~16J. ;S;6eJ;;i) ~~ &Oa ~o€J'>(6), He will have been teaching, fur two years by April ;;~~ ~e'l§ ~o1Siil ootiJ:;5o;5e§jO"w ;;}>e.:o&~r5
CStl~
o~ ~oe. eotJ<>~
( ®ljS~~~o
1. 2.
~oi!QS~~~~~S~e,)
~O!!bJ
ego2)iP, )
;5<0J~ E.o6.)<fu,.
~o6:J6:J,
By 2002lhey will have been living in Paris for six year. 2002 <JO!I ;::j"ej§ iiJ"m ~B~66 6 ;:SOIlG) iJoe.:o ~il~~
(YES - NOT TYPE QUESTIONS
Will you have been playing cricket hy this time tomorrow? B~ ~. ;:.J~c:rb>:as ~6:J ~s6 (!!idJ~ <!'iolbJ'> e;oe.J'>O" ? Yes, I will have been playing cricket by this time tomorrow. ®<:JJ;6), ~rS:J a<0 ~ ~~dSJo:Os lsseJ (!;!l~6Y> ci;oew eoeJ'><SJ
No. r won ejt5J, ;:;)<fu
-a~
'I;
have been playing cricket by this time tomorrow. ~j;fudSJo:0g @seJ e:91:&)~ eobP d'o 0 6;6",
to6:J
5'~ ·61~<6Jcfu1>:Os
(ID~r5:J, ;:;);6" e.lt5J, i5~
-a~ ~a
:6~cfuo:::l1~
~seS' @C:Jb
C:;obY>
606;6)
l1l110n'OW,
c3<ill ~ ~~~~S.
@se3 ~~h
dsotmn ffioe.Y>ifu,
I .~~
OI--""'-------~1:r24.H;.---~s£i~~g§~~