Christopher Moskal November 2, 2011 Professor Noble Philosophy 1000-026 What Do We Believe?

Philosophers like Friedrich Nietzsche constantly continue to challenge the proof for the existence of God. Rene Descartes strongly claims that an infinite perfectionist could only have created the vast scope and intricacy of such a universe. The human mind is limited to imagination and never could have thought of something as distinct as the Earth. What if the truth of Gods existence has been befuddled through centuries and what one wants to perceive as true is actually not true? Essentially, Nietzsche contemplates the existence of the God with the actual truth and the presentable social norms within humanity. According to Descartes humanity is real and the human mind is also real, I think therefore I am.(Meditation 2, 28) However, the human mind is limited in its possibilities and therefore cannot create something as grand as the universe. Descartes makes the argument that Everything I clearly and distinctly perceive is true. If there is a world that is separate from the human mind, then the world must in fact exist. Essentially if I died tomorrow the world would not cease to exist in my absence, the extent of the world is not dependent on the generation of my thoughts. In making this argument one also is making a companion argument for the existence of God. Because we have established and accepted the existence of a real world, we must look to who created this vast universe. The evidence clearly points to a God

figure of infinite wisdom according to Descartes. This argument is reasonable because humans are imperfect and the therefore the sum of their deeds cannot be a work of perfection such as the universe. The cause must be equal in extent to the end effect; therefore this is proof for an all powerful and infinite God. Like every argument there are certain holes that cannot be filled. The major counterargument against Descartes logic is the lack of concrete evidence for his infinite God. If such a God exists why is there no proof. The infinite God is an unattainable entity and therefore there will always be doubters who protest the logic. Friedrich Nietzsche would contest against Descartes belief of the existence of God with claiming that truth is created through humanity and the distinctive pleasure that it offers to everybody. The truth is twisted and transformed depending on what one wants the truth to be. What they hate at this stage is basically not the deception but the bad, hostile consequences of certain kinds of deceptions. In a similarly limited way man wants the truth: he desires the agreeable life preserving consequences of truth. (On Truth and Lie in an Extra- Moral Sense, 2) Nietzsche discusses the gratification and drive that humans get which lets them reform the truth as they would like to perceive it. Man does not desire to see truth simply to obtain philosophical or moral fulfillment, but to wish to interact exclusively with particular truths, which are convenient to his circumstances. The human knowledge has a symptom to believe that there is an actual God that exists; however, why would one take this as truth when there is no physical evidence of God. The human intellect only spans a minute period of the Earths existence, and thus what we believe to be true has no consequence on nature. Whether or not we

believe the Earth is to complex to come about without a creator does not matter because the human intellect is limited in its comprehension ability. Nature is nondependent, but has a critical purpose on the direction of humanity. It is acquainted with no forms or concepts because it is all one. Humanity creates belief systems to justify why certain things happen, yet all of these systems are created and spawn from an individual to fit a need. Every word has its own definition and fits into one certain concept because it is discrete and was originated from someone. Every concept originates through our equating what is unequal (On Truth and Lie in an Extra- Moral Sense, 3) Concepts will always be indefinite and can always be annexed into our humanity. Nietzsche distinguishes our humanity as a spider web where it is delicate enough to be carried along by the waves, strong enough not to be blown apart by every wind. With concepts and forms being added to society daily, there will always be enough room for them to be held in our humanitys nature. He describes it as being delicate because no matter what obstacles our humanity has to interfere with, it will always move on. The creation of concepts is indefinite because of the constant interaction between nature and our human minds. If God were to exist then wouldnt all of our concepts be laid out for us? Even though Descartes believes that our imagination could not be so vast without the existence of God, Nietzsche would say that what we humans have heard from other people has all been accumulated in our minds and regurgitated that its all been true. The vision of God and our World as been constructed through the pleasuring thoughts which we have perceived to be true. Man basically believes in what they want the truth to be and spread their beliefs around to others.

 ... there once was a star on which clever animals invented knowledge. That was the highest and most mendacious minute of world history- yet only a minute(On Truth and Lie in an Extra- Moral Sense, 1) Friedrich Nietzsche not only puts the blame on humanity for their dishonesty, but reveals to us that our humanity was created by animals rather than by a God.