Aside from nouns (things) and verbs (actions), English and Arabic also contain prepositions words like

in, at, from, and so on. In Arabic, these are called Huruwf-ul-Jarr ( ;singular is Harf-ul-Jarr). In Arabic grammar, the word that immediately follows the preposition becomes majruwr! For example, you can say: ( al-kitaabu ala al-maktabi)The book is on the table. Here, we see the preposition ala (on), and maktab (table), the word that follows ala, becomes majruwr. Or, you can say: ( al-battatu fiy baytikum)The duck is in your house. Here, the preposition is fiy (in), and your house (baytikum) is majruwr. And you can have as many prepositions in a sentence as you likejust not back-to-back (eg. haadhaa fiy min ) The table below lists all the huruwf-ul-jarr and their meanings, the meaning really depends on the contexti.e. the meaning changes depending on where and how the harf is used. So keep that in mind inshaAllah. Arabic Transliteration Meaning fiy in ila to (eg. travel to) ala on (top of) min from li for (eg. for you) maa with bi with hatta until mundhu since aan about ka like/as

Topics: Beginner, Grammar | 8 Comments

8 Responses to Prepositions (Huruwf-ul-Jarr)

1. Ibn Uthman Says:
November 19th, 2007 at 4:36 am

Assalamu alaykum I think must be with a at the beginning, and must be . Otherwise, a very useful post, masha Allah. 2. Ibn Uthman Says:
November 19th, 2007 at 4:40 am

 Also, and in the list of prepositions should be and respectively. Then there is also (baytikum) and (baytika). I think the latter one must be like the former. 3. ArabicTree Says:
November 23rd, 2007 at 12:27 pm

Jazakumullahu khayran katheera! May Allah reward you for your attention to detail (ameen)! 4. Ibn Saeed Says:
December 24th, 2007 at 11:43 am

As-salam-u-alaikum Ive never read maa as part of prepositions. Can you please check? My teacher told me that prepositions are 17 in total (as summarized in this stanza): 5. ArabicTree Says:
January 7th, 2008 at 11:17 am

Waalikum as-salaam, Im sure maa is a prepositionits in one of my books to learn Arabic. Can you ask your teacher what maa is, if it isnt a preposition, and post it as a comment inshaallah? 6. Umbreen Says:
March 18th, 2010 at 1:11 pm

Salam-o-alakum, Need to know why hoofe jarr FEE (in) give jarr or genitive to ,,adunya;; I mean fee-dunya. Please reply .Thanks 7. ArabicTree Says:
March 24th, 2010 at 1:06 pm

@Umbreen, dunya ends with alif, and alif has sukoon on it it cannot take anything else. So it doesnt appear differently when preceeded by fee, even if it is really majroor. Allahu alam. 8. sabrina tala kalaa Says:
April 27th, 2010 at 8:46 am

the all arabic preposition About: hawla By: ala Above: fawqa close by: bel qurbi men according to: wafqan li close to: bejaneb Across: abra Concerning: bekhosoos

After: bada Despite: raghma Against: dedda Down: tahta ahead of: amama due to: naatej an all over: men jaded During: khelaala Along: ala tool except for: bestethnaa (th as in think) Among: men bayn Excluding: mostathnian Around: hawla for: li. From: men As as: ka . In: fi Aside: bejaaneb in front of: amama At: ala in place of: makana away from: baeedan an in spite of: berraghmi men. because of: besababi Including: motaberan Before: qabla Inside: beddakhel Behind: waraa instead of: ewadan an Below: tahta Less: aqal Beneath: men taht Like : methla (or) ka ( .or) Beside: bejaneb Minus: naqes Besides: bel idafati ila Near: qareeb Between: bayna near to : qareeb men. Beyond: waraa next to: bejaneb But: laken Of: men (not for possessive) On: ala on top of: fawqa Opposite to: aksa Out: khaarej Outside: bel kharej men Over: ala Regarding: bekhosoos Save: bestithnaa (th as in think) Without: bedoon Since: mundu Than: men Through: khelaala Till: ila (or) ila ghaayat or To: ila Towards: bettejaah Under: tahta Up: fawq Versus: aaksa Via: abra. With: maa.

English-Arabic
I He She Ana Howa Hea

You It This That Come Came Will come Open Opened Will open Sit Walk Eat Drink Win Go Run I go He goes He eats an apple He is eating an apple He ate an apple I saw the film last week She came by bus yesterday They went to the mosque He slept the whole night He wrote well in the examination He has eaten He will eat He will go He will come What is your name? What Your Name What did you do? What should I do? What can I do? What are the questions? What were the questions? What is the last question? What is written in the letter? What you had been told? What will be the answer? Why did you come? Why did you sleep? Why did you tell him to go? Why did he bring the bag? Why did she pay the money? Why did they sit there?

Anta Hatha Hatha Dalek Taal Jaa Haeeak Aftah Maftoh Al hen aftaho Agles Eamshe Kool \ akol Eshrab Mata Ethahab Aorkod Ana thaheb Howa thahab Howa akl al tofaha Howa eaakol al tofaha Howa akala Ana shahdto al film kabl osboa Atat al bareha be al bus Hum thahabo el masged Howa nam al laela Howa ktab amtehanh Lakad akal Sawfa eaakol Sawfa ethab Sawfa eaate Ma esmok Matha Anta Esam Matha tfaal Matha yajeb an afaal Matha yajeb afaal Ma howa soaalak Ma hea aselatok Ma hwa akher soaal Mal al maktob fe al resala Matha yajeb antakol Ma hea ejabatok Lematha at aet Lematha tnaam Lematha akhbrtoh anythuhab Lematha ahdart al shanta Lematha dfaat hea al hesap Lematha jalaso honak

Why do you drive the car? Why are they late for the meeting? How did you come? How did you sleep? How did you drive? How did you write? How many apples are there in my hand? How many did you take? How much did he pay you? How much distance to go? How was the journey yesterday? Which way did you come? Which is your favourite colour? In which room did you sleep? Which story did you tell? Which is the sweetest fruit? Which is the best newspaper in Hindi? Which country is having the largest population? Where did you come from? Where did you sleep? Where is the managers cabin? Where should I go? Whom should I contact? Is it a book? It is a book Will you come with me? I shall come with you. Will you give me your pen? Yes, of course. Do you love me? Yes, I love you. Can you give me your pen? Can you lift the box? Can you write the exam? Did you have your lunch? How are you? I am fine

Lematha taqud al saeara Lematha al ejtimaa Kaef ataet Kaef tnam Kaef ta sok Kaef taktob Kam tofaha be yade Kam ahthat Kam dafaa lak Kam yajeb au aktaa Kaef kan eomak ams Men ae tarek sawf taate Ma hwa lawnuk al mofadl Fe ae ghorfa tnam Ae kessa takol Ma nowa al fakiha Ma hea afdal jareda fe alhind Mahea akpau dawla sorianeea Men aen jat Aen sawf tnam Aen makan al moder Aina alai al thahab Be man yajeb an aokabl Hatha ketap Hatha ketap Sawf taate maae Sawf ate ma ak Sawfa ta'ateni kalamk Aked Hal tohebone Ana ahebbak Aatene kalamk Hal tastatea haml al sandok Hal tastateaa ejabat al emtehan Hal ladekghdaa Kaef haluk Ana bekhair

necessarily so. Here are some examples:

English Verbs

Arabic Verbs

Verbs

- alaaf'aal

English Verbs

Arabic Verbs

Past

- almaatheee

I spoke

- tahadatht

I wrote

- kotebat

I drove

- qodat

I loved

- kont aoheb

I gave

- aa'taeet

I smiled

- abtasamat

I took

- aakhathat

he spoke

- tohadeth

he wrote

- koteb

he drove

- qaad

he loved

- aheb

he gave

- qadem

he smiled

- abtasem

English Verbs

Arabic Verbs

he took

- akhath

we spoke

- takalamnaa

we wrote

- katabnaa

we drove

- qodnaa

we loved

- aahbabnaa

we gave

- ao'teeeanaa

we smiled

- abtasamnaa

we took

- akhathnaa

Future

- mostaqbel

I will speak

- sawf aatakalam

I will write

- sawf aaktob

I will drive

- sawf aaqowd

I will love

- sawf aoheb

English Verbs

Arabic Verbs

I will give

- sawf ao'teee

I will smile

- sawf aabatasem

I will take

- sawf aakheth

he will speak

- sawf eeatahdoth

he will write

- sawf eeaktob

he will drive

- sawf eeaqowd

he will love

- sawf eeoheb

he will give

- sawf eeo'teee

he will smile

- sawf eeabtasem

he will take

- sawf eeaakhoth

we will speak

- sawf natakalam

we will write

- sawf naktob

we will drive

- sawf noqowd

English Verbs

Arabic Verbs

we will love

- sawf noheb

we will give

- sawf no'taa

we will smile

- sawf nabatasem

we will take

- sawf naakhoth