[gppgr ]pray Wpbatg

 AMEW oc ]outlgri Maejcorija Nuig 1::7

1

[gppgr ]pray Wpbatg>Dorg Cataejtjgs, Dorg Qugstjois

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EA[B [gppgr ]pray Jimjbgits...............................................................................1;Ji-Mustoby Bgatls ji Maejcorija.............................................................................0=]tatjstjmae [rocjeg oc Bgatls Actgr [gppgr ]pray.....................................................0:Bgatls Actgr [gppgr ]pray.....................................................................

coeeowjih pahg

08

 

[gppgr ]pray Wpbatg

 AMEW oc ]outlgri Maejcorija Nuig 1::7

0

G\GMWRJSG ]WDDAPZ 

Cgw igw eaw gicormgdgit tgmlioeohjgs

 lavg attramtgb as duml attgitjoi, ormrgatgb as duml moitrovgrsy, as Oegorgsji Mapsjmud, (―pgppgr spray— or OM—), wljml was eghaejzgb cor usg `y Maejcorija eaw gicormgdgit ahgimjgs ji Omto`gr, 1::0. Jt was eghaejzgb cor mjvjejai usg ji Darml, 1::2.@y Day =1, 1::7, Maejcorija poejmg occjmgrs aib slgrjcc‚s bgputjgs lab usgb pgppgr spray igarey 13,;;; tjdgs‒ji tlg east ygar at ai avgrahg ratg oc 02 tjdgs a bay statgwjbg.]jimg 1::0, tlg `ghjiijih oc a tlrgg-ygar ―provjsjoiae mgrtjcjmatjoi— oc pgppgr spray moimgris lavg douitgba`out lgaetl rjsfs assomjatgb wjtl OM, gspgmjaeey cataejtjgs adoih suspgmts ji mustoby wlo lab `ggi spraygb. Rlgprovjsjoiae mgrtjcjmatjoi js smlgbuegb to gxpjrg ji oi Auh. 1, 1::7.Ji tljs rgport, tlg AMEW oc ]outlgri Maejcorija jbgitjcjgs 03 bgatls adoih pgopeg wlo wgrg pgppgr-spraygb`y poejmg occjmgrs ji tlg pgrjob Nai. 1, 1::=, tlrouhl Nuig 1, 1::7. Rlg cataejty totae suhhgsts tlat oig pgrsoi bjgsactgr `gjih pgppgr spraygb cor a`out gvgry 3;; tjdgs tlg spray js usgb `y poejmg.Rlg cataejty suddary pgrjob gibgb nust `gcorg tlg Nuig 2, 1::7, bgatl oc paroegg Aaroi Xjeejads, =8, wlo,ammorbjih to wjtigssgs, was savahgey `gatgi, fjmfgb aib rgpgatgbey pgppgr-spraygb `y ]ai Craimjsmo [oejmgBgpartdgit occjmgrs ji a masg tlat las provofgb a danor moitrovgrsy ji tlg @ay Arga.Jimrgasgb usg oc pgppgr spray `y eaw gicormgdgit las rajsgb sgrjous moimgris a`out wlgtlgr poejmg wjee usgpgppgr spray to jdposg a pajicue mlgdjmae ―strggt nustjmg— wjtlout rgsort to mrjdjiae mlarhgs or tlg mourts. Dorgovgr,tlg hrowjih iud`gr oc cataejtjgs ji Maejcorija las provofgb qugstjois a`out wlgtlgr pgppgr spray was propgrey rgvjgwgb cor sacgty aib gccgmtjvgigss `gcorg jt was eghaejzgb cor usg `y eaw occjmgrs or mjvjejais.Rlg AMEW oc ]outlgri Maejcorija o`tajigb ammgss to luibrgbs oc pahgs oc bomudgits crod tlg Maejcorija Givjroidgitae [rotgmtjoi Ahgimy‚s Occjmg oc Givjroidgitae Lgaetl Lazarb Assgssdgit tlat rgcegmt moimgris `y statg smjgitjsts ovgr pgppgr spray‚s sacgty. Rlg AMEW aeso o`tajigb ai jitgriae dgdoraibud probumgb `y tlg earhgstsuppejgr oc pgppgr spray to tlg Maejcorija poejmg aib mjvjejai darfgts tlat moimeubgs tlat sgrjous lgaetl rjsfs day gisug jc poejmg spray a pgrsoi wjtl OM wjtl dorg tlai a sjiheg `urst oc oig sgmoib buratjoi.Ji tlg sgrjgs oc 03 catae masgs gxadjigb `y tlg AMEW, ioig jbgitjcjgb pgppgr spray as tlg mausg oc bgatl. @utbomudgits rgmovgrgb `y tlg AMEW gsta`ejsl tlat statg smjgitjsts lavg warigb cor dorg tlai two ygars tlat so ejttegjs fiowi a`out rgsjbuae gccgmts oc pgppgr spray tlat dgbjmae gxadjigrs day iot fiow wlat to eoof cor burjih aiautopsy.Rlg AMEW‚s jivgstjhatjoi oc tlgsg catae masgs jimeubgb rgvjgw oc autopsy rgports aib dgbjmae gxadjigrjivgstjhatjoi rgports, as wgee as jitgrvjgws wjtl crjgibs aib rgeatjvgs oc tlg vjmtjds aib jivgstjhatjih poejmg occjmgrs.Rlg AMEW aeso rgvjgwgb rgports oc jivgstjhatjois oc sodg oc tlg masgs `y statg occjmjaes aib tlg Eos Aihgegs Mouity Bjstrjmt Attorigy‚s Occjmg.Rlg AMEW aiaeysjs oc tlg 03 cataejtjgs couib tlat>•Sjmtjds wgrg 72% wljtg, 1:% Acrjmai-Adgrjmai aib 08% Eatjio. Aee wgrg daeg aib lab ai avgrahg ahgoc =7.

 

[gppgr ]pray Wpbatg

 AMEW oc ]outlgri Maejcorija Nuig 1::7

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•Laec oc tlg vjmtjds wgrg peamgb ji a moitrovgrsjae poejmg rgstrajit maeegb tlg loh-tjg nust actgr tlgy wgrgpgppgr-spraygb aib nust `gcorg tlgy bjgb. Ji laec oc aee masgs, tlg typgs oc poejmg rgstrajit tgmlijqugs usgbwgrg was jbgitjcjgb as moitrj`utjih to tlg mausg oc bgatl or tlg prjdary mausg oc bgatl..•Aee oc tlg vjmtjds wgrg amtjih jrratjoiaeey wlgi poejmg cjrst moitamtgb tlgd, `ut pgppgr spray lab a ;%gccgmtjvgigss ratg oi tlgd. Ji vjrtuaeey gvgry masg, vjmtjds moitjiugb to struhheg wjtl occjmgrs actgr tlgy wgrg spraygb, sodgtjdgs `gmodjih dorg mod`atjvg. Ioig oc tlgd was moddjttjih a sgrjous vjoegit mrjdgwlgi poejmg cjrst arrjvgb.•Aetlouhl bruhs aib aemoloe wgrg jivoevgb ji 02 oc tlg 03 masgs, two oc tlg vjmtjds lab io sjhijcjmaitbruh egvges ji tlgjr `eoobstrgads wlgi tlgy bjgb. @otl succgrgb crod amutg psymljatrjm bjsorbgrs.tlai 31% oc tlg vjmtjds slowgb gvjbgimg oc sgrjous uibgreyjih lgart or rgspjratory bjsgasg aib two oc tlgvjmtjds wgrg jbgitjcjgb as astldatjms. Rlgsg cjibjihs suhhgst tlat pgppgr spray day `g a sgrjousmodpejmatjih camtor wlgi jt js usgb oi pgopeg wjtl marbjovasmuear or marbjorgspjratory bjsgasg‒jibjvjbuaespoejmg djhlt iot `g a`eg to rgmohijzg rgabjey ji ai gdgrhgimy sjtuatjoi.•Aetlouhl pgppgr spray‚s supportgrs lavg arhugb tlat jt js ejfgey to rgsuet ji egss ejtjhatjoi ovgr poejmg a`usgaib wroihcue bgatl, igarey a tljrb oc tlg Maejcorija cataejtjgs lavg rgsuetgb ji eghae amtjoi. Aib wljegpgppgr spray propoigits lavg prgbjmtgb vjmtjds woueb lavg bjccjmuety wjiijih suml sujts, sgttegdgits lavgaergaby `ggi pajb ji two wroihcue bgatl amtjois.Ji bomudgits o`tajigb `y tlg AMEW ji prgparatjoi oc tlg rgport, wg couib>•Ji garey Naiuary, 1::7, Bgcgisg Rgmlioeohy Morp. oc Adgrjma, tlg danor suppejgr oc pgppgr spray probumtsji Maejcorija, mjrmueatgb ai jitgriae rgsgarml proposae tlat mautjois poejmg ahajist usjih dorg tlai a sjihegoig-sgmoib `urst oc OM. Dorg tlai tlat, tlg daiucamturgr warigb, ―o`vjousey woueb `g ai ovgrgxposurg,wljml day mausg abbgb lgaetl rjsfs.—•A W.]. Ardy stuby moibumtgb at tlg A`grbggi [rovjih Hrouib ji 1::= moimeubgb tlat pgppgr spray‚samtjvg jihrgbjgit, ―js mapa`eg oc probumjih dutahgijm aib marmjiohgijm gccgmts, sgisjtjzatjoi, marbjovasmuearaib puedoiary toxjmjty, igurotoxjmjty, as wgee as possj`eg ludai cataejtjgs.—•Ji a 1::2 papgr, tlg Mae-G[A‚s Occjmg oc Givjroidgitae Lgaetl Lazarb Assgssdgit (OGLLA) moimeubgbtlat, ―aetlouhl jt js megar tlat tlg dgbjmae gxadjigrs lavg tlus car iot dabg ai assomjatjoi `gtwggi OMusg aib tlgsg bgatls, wg arg stjee moimgrigb tlat ji gaml jimjbgit, uitowarb rgamtjois to OM day lavg`ggi a moitrj`utjih mausg oc bgatl or gxamgr`atgb uibgreyjih moibjtjois suml as prg-gxjstjih bjsgasg orbruh usg, to mausg marbjam or rgspjratory cajeurg.—•Ji Nuig, 1::2, oig OGLLA smjgitjst o`sgrvgb ji ai G-daje dgssahg sgit to a moeegahug, ―wg lavg ahrggbtlat OM day lavg `ggi jibjrgmtey, aib possj`ey gvgi bjrgmtey `ggi tlg mausg oc sodg oc tlgsg bgatls.—Bomudgits o`tajigb `y tlg AMEW aeso slow tlat tlg Mae-G[A aib Maejcorija Bgpartdgit oc Nustjmg wjee `guia`eg to dggt ai Auhust, 1::7 bgabejig cor modpegtjoi oc smjgitjcjm stubjgs to quaitjcy pgppgr spray‚s lgaetl rjsfs. Ai jitgriae Mae-G[A gstjdatg suhhgsts tljs rgsgarml day `g at egast two ygars `gljib smlgbueg aib las io mlaimg oc `gjih cjijslgb `gcorg tlg tlrgg-ygar ―provjsjoiae mgrtjcjmatjoi— gibs ji Auhust, 1::7.Rlg AMEW rgport moimeubgs tlat>

1)Rlgrg js megar gvjbgimg tlat pgppgr spray js uiejfgey to worf oi pgopeg wlo arg ljhl oi bruhs aib jipsymljatrjm mrjsjs aib tlgrg js megar gvjbgimg pgppgr spray posgs sgrjous rjsfs jc jt js usgb oi pgopeg wjtlrgspjratory bjsgasg, gspgmjaeey astlda.0)Rlgrg js a stroih statjstjmae assomjatjoi `gtwggi usg oc pgppgr spray ji mod`jiatjoi wjtl poejmg rgstrajit