Assingement 1

Scientist name
1-Aristotle

Country/date/er a
Athens. 384 BC - 322 BC.

Theory/Definition /Statement
He is also famous for his statement that "man is by nature a political animal." Aristotle conceived of politics as being like an organism rather than like a machine, and as a collection of parts none of which can exist without the others.

2-John Locke

England. 29 August In his efforts for Public 1632 28 October Sector/Government, he th 1704. 17 Century developed an alternative to the Philosophy. Hobbesian state of nature, and discussed a government could only be good if it received the consent of the governed, and protected the natural rights of life, liberty and estate. If such consent was not achieved, Locke argued in favor of a right of rebellion. England. 5 April 1588 4 December 1679. 17th Century Philosophy. According to Hobbes, society is a population beneath a sovereign authority, to whom all individuals in that society cede their natural rights for the sake of protection. Any abuses of power by this authority are to be accepted as the price of peace. In particular, the doctrine of separation of powers is rejected:[13] the sovereign must control civil, military, judicial and ecclesiastical powers.

3-Thomas Hobbes

4-Jean Jacques Rousseau

Switzerland. 28 June 1712 2 July 1778. 18th Century Philosophy

"Man is or was born free, and he is everywhere in chains. One man thinks himself the master of others, but remains more of a slave than they." Jean Jacques Rousseau was a major Genevois philosopher, writer, and composer of 18thcentury Romanticism. His political philosophy heavily influenced the French Revolution, as well as the American Revolution and the overall development of modern political, sociological and educational thought. Montesquieu expounded the separation of powers in government and society. In government, Montesquieu encouraged division into the now standard legislative, judicial and executive branches. He had a grand vision for society: he was staunchly antislavery, and he was one of the first to advocate a world peace organization and social security for the poor and elderly. Samuel Adams is a controversial figure in American history. Accounts written in the 19th century praised him as someone who had been steering his fellow colonists towards independence long before the outbreak of the Revolutionary War. I firmly believe that the benevolent Creator

5Montesquie u

France. 16891755.

6-Thomas Paine

February 9, 1737 (England) June 8, 1809 (USA). 18th Century Philosopher.

7-Samuel Adams

Boston, Massachusetts. September 27, 1722 October 2, 1803.

designed the republican Form of Government for Man.

8-Thomas Jefferson

USA. 17431826.

He was a champion of inalienable individual rights and the separation of church and state. His ideas were repeated in many other liberal revolutions around the world, including the (early) French Revolution. A Public Administration & Policy Development A Case Book edited by Harold Stein. According to Stein, the Reports had three characteristic qualities: (1) they were almost all written by practitioners and hence tended to be in the nature of success stories; (2) they dealt with rather narrow and simple decision-problems; and (3) they were primarily interested in problems in organization and management, personnel, and finance; there were no cases that focused on program decisions. Waldo's career was often directed against a scientific/technical portrayal of bureaucracy and government that now suggests the term public management as opposed to public administration. Recognized the world over for his contributions to the theory of bureaucratic government, Waldo is only now taking his place as one of the most important political scientists of the last 100 years.

9-Harold Stein

1952 (USA)

10-Dwight Waldo

1913 October 27. 2000. (USA)

September 1, 182411Frederick C. May 27, 1894 (USA) Mosher

Mosher perhaps is best known for his book, Democracy and the Public Service, published by Oxford University Press in 1968, a work that has influenced countless civil servants in governments around the world. According to Professor Jeremy F. Plant, a 1990 poll of public administration scholars "ranked Democracy and the Public Service as the fifth most influential book published between 1940 and 1990." He also wrote books, 'Program Budgeting: Theory and Practice,'' published in 1954, and ''Democracy and the Public Service,'' published in 1968. Most of the time he served as a Lecturer of Public Administration. His written books includes, Public Service recruitment in Australia, 1942 Administrative development in Papua and New Guinea, 1971 Papua New Guinea as an emergent state, 1972 The government of New South Wales, 1978. He argues that the strict interpretation of the separation of powers in the constitution has been violated many times for good reason. While, the function of politics consists in the expression of the will of the state, the function of executing the will of

12-Robert S. Parker

Artarmon N.S.W. 19 February 1915.

13-F. Goodnow

Brooklyn, New York, USA. 18931914.

the state has administration.

been

called

14-L. D. White

1845-1921.

According to him Public administration consists of all those operations having for their purpose the fulfillment or enforcement of public policy as declared by competent authority. He is the author of The New Public Personnel Administration, Readings in Public Administration, Modern Public Administration. His primary areas of scholarly research and publication are public sector human resources management and policy, administrative ethics, and American political thought and administration. The author of The New Public Personnel Administration, Readings in Public Administration. A champion of the civil service. He assailed the frequent attacks on the civil service by politicians and government officials and the increasing use of political appointees to fill top civil service jobs. He was the author of nine books, the most noted of which was ''Managing Fiscal Stress.'' The book dealt with the many techniques used by cities and counties to deal with fiscal crises.

15-Felix A. Nigro

1984 (USA)

16-Lloyd G. Nigro

Chamblee, Georgia. 1980 (USA)

17-Charles H. Levine

USA. 1900s.

18-B. Guy Peters

Pennsylvania, United Has work in political science. States. Wrote Handbook of Public 2000s. Administration. Handbook of Public Policy. Institutionalism. California, 2000s. USA. Basically he is a professor. Did research on Health care policy, policy implementation and public personnel. He wrote a very popular book, Classics of Public Personnel Policy.

19-Frank J. Thompson

Kentucky, USA. 1942- He is best known for his work 20-Robert in public administration B. Denhardt 2007.

theory and organizational behavior, especially leadership and organizational change. In The New Public Service: Serving, not Steering, he developed a new model of governance that stresses the need to engage citizens in governance of their communities. Denhardt has published nineteen books, including The Dance of Leadership, The New Public Service, Managing Human Behavior in Public and Nonprofit Organizations, The Pursuit of Significance, In the Shadow of Organization, Theories of Public Organization, Public Administration: An Action Orientation, Executive Leadership in the Public Service, The Revitalization of the Public Service, and Pollution and Public Policy. He has published over one hundred articles in professional journals.

21-John Stuart Mill

20 May 1806(England) 8 May 1873(France). Era of 19th-century philosophy & Classical economics.

The overall aim of his philosophy is to develop a positive view of the universe and the place of humans in it, one which contributes to the progress of human knowledge, individual freedom and human well-being. Wilson's definition of public administration was to keep politics and administration separate. Wrote first article on Public Administration by the name of, "The Study of Administration. Wilson wrote "it is the object of administrative study to discover, first, what government can properly and successfully do, and, secondly, how it can do these proper things with the utmost possible efficiency and at the least possible cost either of money or of energy."

22Woodrow Wilson

USA, December 28, 1856 February 3, 1924. First Generation of Public Administration.

23-Max Weber

Germany. 21 April He was Sociologist and Political 1864 14 June 1920. Economist. By his work, he influenced social theory, social research and discipline of sociology itself. Weber is most famous for his thesis in economic sociology, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. In this text, Weber argued that ascetic Protestantism particular to the Occident was one of the major "elective affinities" in determining the rise of capitalism, bureaucracy and the rational-legal nation.

24Frederick W. Taylor

USA. March 20, 1856 March 21, 1915, Scientific Management Era.

Taylor is regarded as the father of scientific management, and was one of the first management consultants and director of a famous firm. Taylor believed that the industrial management of his day was amateurish, that management could be formulated as an academic discipline, and that the best results would come from the partnership between a trained and qualified management and a cooperative and innovative workforce. Each side needed the other, and there was no need for trade unions. Fayolism is one of the first comprehensive statements of a general theory of management, developed by Fayol. He has proposed that there are six primary functions of management and 14 principles of management.

25-Henri Fayol

Istanbul. 29 July 1841Paris, 19 November 1925. Scientific Management Era.

REFFERENCES: 1 Wikipedia