Gujarat Technological University

G H Patel College of Engineering and Technology Mid Semester Examination, Division: 2(IT), 6(CP) 150702: Computer Networks

Solution and Marking Strategy

Q.1 Attempt the Following. A. What is Limited Contention Protocol? Explain Adaptive Tree Walk Protocol with [05] Diagram. Answer: Under condition of low load, Contention based protocols are preferable due to its low delay. As the load increases, Contention creates more overhead. Under condition of low load, Collision free protocols have higher delay. As the load increases, Performance of Collision free protocol increases. Limited Contention protocols combines the best from collision free protocols and contention based protocol. Contention at low load to provide low delay, Collision free approach at high load to improve channel efficiency.

2 Marks
Explanation of Adaptive tree walks protocol Including diagram, nodes arrangement, searching and traversal rules.

3 Marks
B. Sketch the Manchester Encoding and Differential Manchester Encoding for the bit [05] stream: 0001110101 Note: For Differential Manchester Encoding, assume the line initially in the low state. Answer: For Manchester Encoding: Binary 1, Sent by high voltage in first interval while low in second interval. Binary 0, Sent by low voltage in first interval while high in second interval.

For Differential Manchester Encoding: Bit 1: absence of transition in the start of interval. Bit 0: presence of transition in the start of interval.

1 Mark
Initial state is assumed low.

2 Marks For Each Correct Timing Diagram Total = 4 Marks

OR
B. Explain the following techniques with respect to Gigabit Ethernet [05] These two features are added by 802.3z committee to increase the radius of the network more than 25 meters: 1) Carrier Extension Answer: Hardware adds its own padding after the normal frame to increase the size to 512 bytes. No changes needed in existing upper layer software. But line efficiency drops to 8.98% 9%. (Only 46 bytes of data transfer at the cost of 512 bytes).

Explanation in brief.

2.5 Marks
2) Frame Bursting Answer: Allow sender to transmit concatenated sequence of multiple frames in single transmission. If total burst is less than 512 bytes than padding again. May extend the radius to 200 meters.

Explanation in brief.

2.5 Marks

C. Enlist and explain the task performed by Transport Layer. Answer: Following are the list of task performed by transport layer: 1. Service Point Addressing 2. Segmentation and Reassembly 3. Connection Control 4. Flow control 5. Error control

[05]

For correct list of Task

1 Mark
Description of each tasks in brief.

4 Marks OR
C. Explain X.25, Frame Relay and ATM Protocol in brief. Answer: [05]

Explanation of X.25 and Frame relay protocol.

3 Marks
Explanation of ATM Protocol.

2 Marks

OR B. Enlist and define Random Access Protocols. Explain any one in detail with diagram. Random Access Protocols: More than one devices shared a medium and competing for the acquiring channel, No control is given to any devices for sending frame if station have to send a frame they can send frame. Any Devices is not superior for accessing channel

For Correct Definition.

1 Marks
Following are list of Random Access Protocols: 1) ALOHA i) Pure ALOHA ii) Slotted ALOHA 2) CSMA 3) CSMA/CD 4) CSMA/CA

For correct list of Task

1 Mark
Explanation (with figure) any one of above Protocol.

3 Marks
C. Explain the following guided media: 1) Twisted Pair Cable [05]

2) Fiber Optic Cable

Explanation (with figure) of above Guided Media

2.5Marks Each
OR C. Size of sender sliding window is 2 Justify your answer with example. Answer is true. Justification is given below figure.
m

1 in Go-Back-N ARQ, is it true or false? [05]

Correct Justification (with figure) above Protocol.

5 Marks