Rotational Mechanics (NEET)

ROTATIONAL MECHANICS
CONTENTS
S.No. Page
1. Theory 1 – 16
2. Exercise-1 (Board Level) 17 – 18
3. Exercise-2 (NEET Level) 19 – 27
4. Exercise-3 (AIPMT/NEET Previous Years) 28 – 31
5. Exercise-4 (AIIMS Level) 32 – 39
6. Exercise-5 (AIIMS Previous Years) 40 – 42
7. Answer Key 43
Preparing your own list of Questions for Revision
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revision as it is practically not possible to solve all the questions at the time of
revision. So please follow below instructions"
(1) Write down the Question Number you are unable to solve in List-A.
(2) After discussing the Questions written in List-A with faculties, strike off them in the manner so that you
can see at the time of Revision also, to solve these questions again.
(3) Write down the Question Number you feel are important or good in the List-B for the revision time
List - A List - B
EXERCISE
NO. Questions i am unable
Good/Important questions
to solve in first attempt
5
Rotational Mechanics
ROTATIONAL MECHANICS
Rotational kinematics :
Rigid body :
Rigid body is defined as system of particles in which distance A
1 VA
between each pair of partices remain constant (with respect to
B
time) that means the shape and size do not change, during the 2
motion Eg : Fan, Pen, Table, stone and so on. VB
Our body is not a rigid body, two blocks with a spring attached
between them is also not a rigid body.
For every pair of particles in a rigid body, there is no velocity of
seperation or approach between the particles. In the figure shown VAsin1
A
velocities ofAand B with respect ground re VA and VB respec- A
VAcos1
tively.
B
If the above body is rigid B
VBsin2 VBA
VA cos 1 = VB cos 2 VBcos2
VBA = relative velcoity of B with respect toA.
Types of Motion of rigid body
Pure Translational Pure Rotational Combined Translational and

Motion Motion Rotational Motion
Pure Translation Motion :
A bodyis said to be in pure traslational motion if the displacment of each particle is same during any time
  
interval howsoever small or large. In this motion all the particle have same S , V & a at an instant.
Pure Rotational Motion :
A body is said to be in pure rotational motion if the perpendicular distance of each particle remains
constant from a fixed line or point and do not move parallel to the line, and that line is known as axis of
  
rotation. In this motion all the particles have same θ ,ω &  at an instant. Eg : - a rotating ceiling fan,
arms of a clock.
For pure rotation motion -
s
= Where  = angle rotated by the particle
r
s = length of arc traced by the particle.
r = distance of particle from the axis of rotation
d
= Where  = angular speed of the body
dt
d
= Where  = angular acceleration of the body.
dt
1
All the paramenters ,  and  are same for all the particles. Axis of rotation is perpendicular to the
plane of rotation of particles.
Special case : If  = constant,
 = 0 + t Where 0 = initial angular speed
1 2
 = 0t + t t = time interval
2
2 = 02 + 2
Kinetic Energy of Rotating Body

The rotating blade of a fan has some kinetic energy due to rotational motion which can not be expressed
1 2
directly as K.E = mv since all the points do not have same speed.
2
To find rotational K.E. we take the fan’s blade as a collection of different very small particles called
elements. One such element has mass dm and is at distance r from the rotational axis as shown. Its
kinetic energy can be given as v=r
d K.E.  dm v  dm r 
1 2 1 2
2 2
dm
= dm r 
1 2 2 r
2
The rotational kinetic energy of the body is given by summing
i.e. intergrating the kinetic energy of all the elements of the body.
 2 dm  r 
1
K.E. =  d K.E. =
2 2
Since  is same for every element of a rigid body so we take 2 outside the integral.
1 2 2
2 
 K.E. =  r dm
1 2
we may write K.E. = Iω
2
 r dm called Moment of Inertia.
2
where I =
1
The above equation is analogous to the K.E. = mv 2 i.e. Kinetic energy of a body having translational
2
motion. Here  is analogous to v. Also I is analogous to mass m i.e. I plays the same role in rotational
motion as that of mass in translational motion. In other words as the inertia to the translational motion is
due to the mass, inertia to the rotational motion is due to the quantity Moment of Inertia.
Moment of Inertia :
Definition
It is the property of a rigid body by virtue of which it opposes change in its rotational motion.
* This is always taken w.r.t. a axis of rotation.
* This plays same role in rotational motion as mass plays in translational motion
2
* Difference between mass & M.I. (Moment of Inertia) is that mass is property of body & is indepen-
dent of any reference axis chosen but MI depends on the mass as well as its distribution about the given
axis of rotation. In other words it depends on
(i) axis of rotation
(ii) shape of the body
(iii) size of the body 
(iv) density of the material of the body  mass depends only on these two things.
MI of a point mass :
y
m
2 r
Iyy'= mr
y
r is perpendicular distance from mass to axis of rotation yy
M.I of continuous rigid body

As we have discussed in previous topic for a continuous rigid body, I =  r 2 dm
To solve for above equation, we take dm in terms of variable r/dr or both r and dm in terms of another
variable.
To substitute dm, we take linear, areal and volume mass densities as we had taken in previous chapter.
RADIUS OF GYRATION :
(a) The distance, from the axis of rotation where, the entire mass of the body is supposed to be
concentrated and the value of moment of inertia is same as that due to actual distribution of masses
of body, is called radius of gyration.
(b) The radius of gyration of a body about different axes is different
(c) If K be the radius of gyration, I = mK2
I
 K =
m
2 2 2
m1r1  m 2r2    mnrn
K = m1  m 2      mn
(d) For a symmetrical body, the radius of gyration is equal to the root mean square of distances of
all the particles from the axis of rotation.
i.e. if m1 = m2 = ----------- = mn
2 2 2
r1  r2      rn
K = = rrms
n
(e) The value of radius of gyration depends upon the axis of rotation and mass distribution with respect
to it
(f) Radius of gyration does not depend upon mass of the body.
3
FORMULAE FOR THE MOMENT OF INERTIA OF REGULAR BODIES
Shape of Axis of Rotation Figure Moment of Radius of

body Inertia (I) Gyration (K)
(1) Circular Ring 1) Passes through the centre

MR2 R
and perpendicular to the plane
M:- Mass
R:- Radius
2) About its Diameter in its (1/2)MR2 R / 2

own plane
3) About a tangential axis 2MR2 2R

perpendicular to its own plane.
3 3
4) About a tangential axis MR2 .R
2 2
in its own plane
(2) Circular disc 1) Passing through the centre

R
MR 2
2
2
M:- Mass and perpendicular to the plane
R:- Radius
R
2) About Diameter MR2/4
2
3) About a tangential axis 5 5

MR2 R
lying in its own plane. 4 2
4) About a tangential axis

3 3
Perpendicular to its own plane MR2 .R
2 2
4
3) Hollow Cylinder a) about its geometrical axis

MR2 R
M = Mass
l
R = Radius
L = Length
b) about an axis passing
FMR 2
M 2 I R2  2
through its CM and
perpendicular to its length CM
G
H2 
12 JK 
2 12
l
c) about an axis
perpendicular to its length FMR 2
M 2 I R2  2
and passing through one G
H2 
3 JK 2

3
end of the cylinder l
(4) Solid Cylinder A) About its geometrical

M:- Mass Axis R
MR 2
R:- Radius 2
C 2
L:- Length
B) About an axis passing

MR2 M 2 R2  2
 
through its C G and 4 12 4 12
C
perpendicular to its axis
l
C) About the diameter of one LR   O

2 2
MM P R2  2

of the faces of the cylinder
and perpendicular to the
M
N4 3 P Q 2 3
length .
(5) Solid Sphere A) About its axis OR

diameter, which is passing 2 2
MR2 .R
M:- Mass through centre. 5 5
R:- Radius
B) About Tangential
7 7
MR2 .R
5 5
5
2 2
(6) Thin Spherical 1) Passing through axis MR2 .R
3 3
Shell through centre or diameter.
(Hollow Sphere)
M : Mass R : Radius
Thickness negligible 5 5
MR2 .R
3 3
2) About Tangential Axis
l Mb 2 b
b/2
7. Uniform rectangular (a) Parallel to its length
b/2 12 12
plate of mass M, and passing through
length l and breadth b its centre
M 2 
(b) Parallel to its breadth
b 12 12
and passing through l/2 l/2
its centre
M 2 2  b2
(c) Perpendicular to its (  b 2 )
b 12 12
plane through its l
centre
Parallel axis Theorem

Used to find moment of inertia about an axis which parallel to the axis passing through C.M.
y
y1 • m1
P•
d y1-b
b
• a x1
x C.M. is at origin
C.M.
x1-a
I CM  MI of the rigid body about an axis through CM
IP  MI of the rigid body about an axis which is parallel to the above axis through CM & is at distance
d from the axis through CM
ICM =  mi x i2  yi2  z coordinates are not involved
i
so mi can be replaced by sum of mass
 mi (x i  a )2  ( yi  b)2 
of all particles placed on
IP = z-axis with co-ordinate (xi, yi)
i
6
 
= mi x i2  y i2 + mi (a2 + b2) –  2amixi – 2bmiyi
= ICM + (a2 + b2) mi – 2a mixi – 2bmiyi
IP = ICM + Mh2
If M.I. of a body of mass M about an axis passing through its C.O.M. is IC then M.I. of another axis
which is parallel to the above central axis and is parallel to it is given by IAA’ = IC + Mh2
Perpendicular axis theorem

This theorem is applicable only for the laminar bodies (i.e. plane bod- Z y
ies). (e.g. ring, disc, not sphere)
Ix & Iy are MI of body about a common pt. O in two mutually  (xi, yi)
R
directions in the plane of body P
Iz is MI of body about an axis  to X & Y axis & passing through pt. O O X
Q
Ix = mi yi 2
Iy = mixi2
Iz = mi (xi2 + yi2) Iz = Ix + Iy
The point of intersection of the three axis need not be centre of mass, it can be any point in the plane of
body which lie on the body or even outside it. For relation from perpendicular axis theorem, I3 = I1 + I2
axis (3) must be perpendicular the plane of the body and axis (1) and axis (2) must be in the plane of the
body.
USE OF MOMENT OF INERTIA :

The propertyof moment of inertia is greatly used in practice. The machines like steam engines, automo-
bile engines etc. have flywheel of large moment of inertia about its axis. Because of large moment of
inertia, the flywheel resists the sudden increase or decrease in the speed of the vehicle and prevents jerky
motion. In cycle, rickshaw, bullock-cart etc., the moment of inertia of the wheels is increased by concen-
trating most of the mass at the rim of the wheel and connecting the rim to the axle of the wheel through
spokes. It is due to large moment of inertia that when we stop pedalling the cycle, the wheels still rotate.
Torque :
The quantitative measure of the tendency of a force to cause or change the rotational motion of a body
is called torque. Consider an example to understand this.
In the figure below, the wrench is trying to open the nut. Now the ability of wrernch to open the nut will
depend not only on the applied force, but the distance at which force is applied. This gives birth to new
physical quantity called torque.
If only radial force Fr were present, the nut could not be turned. Thus the force causing the rotation is
tangential force FT only. The magnitude of the torque about an axis due to a force is given by
 = (Force causing the rotation)×(distance of point of application of force from the axis)
i.e., = (F sin ) r
7
we
Themay
ability rotate also
alsotowrite = F (rdepends
sin) =upon
F ( rthe
) distance r.
  r F sin   (r sin  ) F
 r F  r F
r(d): moment arm, lever arm
  
  r x F Direction of torque is found by sliding the force vector at
the axis of rotation and using right hand thumb rule.
   
Torque also follows superposition principle.    1   2  ...   n

OA = r = P.V. of pt. of application of force wrt fixed axis.(centre of rotation)

F1

F l1
O •A
 •
 F3 l2
r B
•
O A 
F2
Note :
1. Torque & force are entirely diff. quantities. As torque is always defined with reference to point about
which body is rotating, while force does not depend on it. Like torque of F3 about O is zero, while about
A or B is not zero.
2. When equal & opposite force acts on a body having different line of action is called couple.
F
F
Relationship between torque and angular acceleration:
Rotational analog of Newton’s second law
Consider a particle of mass m rotating in a circle of radius r under the
influence ofa tangential force F and a radial force Fr, as shown in
figure. F
Ft  m a t m
Magnitude of torque about the center of circle is:
Fr
  Ft r  m at r  m ( r) r   (m r 2 )  I 
r
  I 
That is, the torque acting on the particle is proportional to its angular
acceleration.
We can also understand that since torque is written about O, we should write 'I' also about O.
Torque on rigid body:
Proof: Consider a rigid body shown.
Torque acting on i th particle will be:

 
  


i  m i ri2   net   i   m i ri2  
 
 net  I 
   
  I   r  F : This is the general relation that we are going to use in this chapter..
8
Rotational Equilibrium :
Y
If net external torque acting on the body is zero, then
F1
the body is said to be in rotational equilibrium.
The centre of mass of a body remains in equilibrium if
the total external force acting on the bodyis zero. Simi-
larly, a bodyremains in rotational equilibrium if the total
F2
external torque acting on the body is zero.
For translational equilibrium. X
F5
Fx = 0 ........(i)
and Fy = 0 ........(ii)
Fz = 0
The condition of rotational equilibrium is F4 F3
Zext = 0
The equilibrium of a body is called stable if the body tries to regain its equilibrium position after being
slightly displaced and released. It is called unstable if it gets further displaced after being slightly dis-
placed and released. If it can sayin equilibrium even after being slightly displaced and released, it is said
to be is neutral equilibrium.
Rotation about fixed axis

Since torque is a rotational analong of force, therefore, Newton’s second law for rotational motion is
given by
net = I .... (i)
Note that the above equation (i) is not a vector equation.
It is valid in two situation :
(i) The axis is fixed in position and direction.
(ii) The axis passes through the center of mass and is fixed in direction only the equation
cm = Icmcm .... (ii)
is valid even if the center of mass is accelerating.
Angular Monentum :
The orbital angular momentum : Irrespective of the path or trajectory of the particle, be it a straight

line, curved path or a closed orbital path, the orbital angular momentum L of the particle at any position
w.r.t. a reference point is P
  
L  rP v
 m
| L | rp sin 
= r×mv r
The r sin f is know as the moment arm, or lever arm designated as r.
The orbital angular momentum of particle in circular motion is expressed as
 r O
2
L  mr 
 L=r×P
Note that direction of angular momentum vector L is parallel to


angular velocity  .Figure shows the right hand thumb rule for deter-
mining direction of angular momentum. Curl your finger in rotrational p
O r m

sense from r vector to p vector, then the thumb points in the direction v
of angular momentum. The system
Circular path
of particle
9
Spin angular momentum of a rigid body
We consider two cases:
(i) Axis of rotation passes through centre of mass of the body, referred to as centroidal roation.
O 
v
r p
m (according to right hand thumb rule)
L0 r
(ii) Axis of rotation is shifted frm centre of mass, but passes through the body, referred to as non-
centroidal rotation.
 
For non-centroidal rotation. L  I 0
 
For non-centroidal rotation. L  I
Where I0 is moment of inertia about centre of mass and I is moment of inertia about rotational axis, to
be calculated with the help of parallel axis theorem.
Simultaneous spin and orbital motion

The total angular momentum is the vector sum of the spin and orbital angular momentum
  
L total  Lspin  L orbit
 
 I CM spin  mr2 orbit
Relation between Torque and Angular Momentum

When a number of force act on a particle, the net torque about origin 0 is sum of the torques due to
each force.
       
τ net  r  F1  r  F2  ........  r   F1  r  Fnet
i
From Newton’s second Law the net force is equal to rate of change of linear momentum. So we have

   dp
τ net  r  Fnet  r  ....(i)
dt
As rate of change of angular momentum
  
dL d   d r   dp
 ( r  p)   p  r  ....(ii)
dt dt dt dt

dr   
As  p    m  0
dt
Thus eqn. (ii) becomes
 
dL  dp
 r .....(iii)
dt dt
On comparing eqns. (i) and (iii), we get

 dL
τ net  .....(iv)
dt
10
Conservation of Angular Momentum
If the next externa torque on a systme is zero, the total angular momentum is constant in magnitude and
direction.
dL
That is , if text = 0 0
dt
Thus, L = constant
For rigid body rotating about a fixed axis.
Lf = Li
or Lf f = Ii i
Angular Impulse
In complete analogywith the linear momentum, angular impulse is defined as
 =  ext dt
Using Newton’s second law for rotation motion,
dL
text =
dt
  
  t  L f – L i
The net angular impulse acting on a rigid body is equal to the change in angular momentum of the body.
This is called the impulse – momentum theorem for rotational dynamics.
Table :Analogy between Rotational Dynamics and Linear Dynamics.

Quantity Linear Rotational
1. Inertia m S miri2
 r dm
2
or
2. Newton’s Second Law Fext = ma ext = I
 
 dp  dL
Fext  ext 
dt dt
  
3. Work Wlin =  Fd.s Wrot =   .d
1 1 2
4. Kinetic Energy Klin = mv 2 Krot = I
2 2
5. Work Energy Theorem Wlin = Kline Wrot = Krot
6. Impulse I =  Fext .dt J =   ext .dt
7. Momentum ` p = mv L = I
   
8. Impulse momentum Theorem I  p J  L
 
9. Power P  F.v P  .
11
Instantaneous Axis of rotation (IAOR or ICR) :
It is the axis about which the motion of a rigid body undergoing plane motion is assumed to be pure
rotational motion. It is always perpendicular to the plane of motion of rigid body and instantaneously
remains at rest. The point of intersection of instantaneous axis of rotation with the plane of motion of the
remains at rest. The point of intersection of instantaneous axis of rotation with the plane of motion of the
rigid body is called instantaneous centre of rotation (ICR) about which all points of the rigid body are
assumed to be going in circles of different radii equal to their respective distances from ICR with the
same  and  as that about CM of the rigid body at that instant.
 Velocity of IAR = 0 i.e. v A = 0
By finding the position of IAR, we can easily find the velocity of any point of rigid body at that instant.
  
v p    rP ,A
We can also find the acceleration of any point P of rigid body at that instant provided the acceleration of
IAR should be known.
  
a P  a P,A  a A
1
(i) Kinetic energy of the rigid body is K  I A 2
2
(ii) Angular momentum of rigid body about IAR is LA = IA
(iii) A = IA, where A includes the torque of pseudo force acting on the CM about IAR also.
How to find the position of ICR

The position of ICR can be fund out in the following cases.
Case-I :
If the velocity of a point of the body and angular velocity are given.

Draw a line perpendicular to v , the instantaneous centre must be lying on this v
P
line a distance 'r' given by r = v/

vQ c
A
 vP
Q
Ic
Case II :
If the lines of action of two non-parallel velocities of two points of the rigid boy are given.
 
Draw the normals on the two non-parallel velocities vP and v Q at points P and Q, respectively. The
point of intersection of these normals is the instantaneous centre at that instant.
Case-III :
If magnitudes and direction of two parallel velocities are given.
 
In figure (i), if the two velocities vP and v Q are in the opposite direction, then IC must be lying in
between P and Q.
v P rP
 and rP + rQ = d
vQ rQ
12
d P vP P vP
rP
IC d
rQ vQ
vQ Q rP
Q
rQ
IC
(i) (ii)
 
In figure (ii), if the two velocities vP and v Q are in the same direction, the IC must be lying outside PQ
(near P if vP < vQ and near Q if vp > vQ)
vP rP

rQ rQ and rP – rQ = d
Rolling Motion :
Pure rolling means no sliding. Now, the motion of any body can be divided into pure translation & pure
rotation. And we can see rotation about any axis. So; for a wheel rolling on a horizontal surface, I m
taking its COM as reference point to study its motion. If C is the reference point, then the wheel can be
considered rotating about C.And the point C would be translating with velocity vC.
Sliding refers to the condition under which two bodies in contact have relative velocity.And under pure
rolling, the relative velocity at point of contact should be zero.
Now for the wheel shown, point P is in contact with the ground. The point P on the ground has zero
velocity. Thus, the point P on the wheel should also have zero velocity.
Trajectory of a point on a periphery of the wheel is a cycloid


 dr
v  v 1  cos t  iˆ  sin t ( ˆj )  Y
dt
 
r   dr  v  1  cos t  iˆ  sin t ( ˆj )  dt 
P
R
 1  1 X
  R  t  sin t  iˆ  cos t ( ˆj )
   
 R t  sin t  iˆ  cos t ( ˆj ) 

    
dv dv

dt dt 1  cos t î  sin t  ĵ
+ v  sin t (î )  cos t ( ĵ)
 cos t î  sin t  ĵ v2

dv dv
= ( î ) + +  r̂ 
dt dt R

= a c î  R ˆ  
v2
R
 r̂ 
13
Kinematics of Boby in pure Rolling
1. Velocity
wrt centre wrt ground
R + v
R v
r R R
R v v • v
r r
v
R
R
R R – v or v – R
2. Acceleration
wrt centre wrt ground
 
 
R R+a
R r R

R R

r

R

R
• a • a
R R+a
R

R

R R
R R a
Constraint Equation:
Written at contact points where no slipping takes place.

 velocity of a contact   velocity of same contact 
 point on 1st rigid body   point on 2 nd rigid b ody 
Write contraint equation for following exmaples:
Friction and rolling

To get the direction of friction in pure rolling, we set two criteria's:
(a) Acceleration : Its direction should be such that vector sum all forces comply with it.
(b) Angular acceleration: Its direction should be such that vector sum all torques comply with it.
So, from above point we understand that if we show wrong direction of friction in our free body dia-
gram, we will get a negative answer. So, direction of friction force in pure rolling should not be cause of
concern.
Here it is also to be noted that in case of sliding, (kinetic friction) we can not take any arbitrary direction
of friction and solve that question. In case of rolling static friction is unknown so after sloving, its value
comes out negative if taken wrongly, but in case of kinetic friction its value is known beforehand (= N),
so there is no case of value of a known quantity coming negative after solving.
Here are few examples wherein, one might try to guess the direction of friction force.
14
Rolling with sliping
Case-I Vcm > R

Vcm
A ground
fk V – R
Note : The friction will be kinetic in nature & its magnitude can be determined using fk = kN. Direction will be
opposite to Vcm (because pt. of contact A is moving forward w.r.t. ground)
(This is how barkes stop a car)
Case -2 Vcm < R
Vcm
A ground
R – V fk
(This is how a car accelerate because of friction)
Case -3 Vcm = r
Known as perfect rolling
Maximum problems we come across this situation
Note : 1. The friction will be be static in nature. Its magnitude be determined, it will very from O to sN.
2. Even its direction can not be perdicted
3. The total work done by static friction is zero. Thus mechanical cnergy of the system will remain
conscrved.
Application of Newton’s Second Law in Rolling Motion
1. Write Fnet = M acm for the object as if it were a point-mass, that is, ignoring ratation.
2. Write  =Icm  as if the object were only rotating about the centre of mass, that is ignoring translation.
3. Use of no-slip condition
4. Solve the resulting equations simultaneouslyfor any unknown.
Caution :
• In general, it is not the case that f = N
• Be certain that the sign convention of forces and torques are consistent.
Kinetic Energy of a Rolling Body
Since the rolling motion is a combination of linear velocity of the cneter and rotational motion about the
center. Therefore, the total kinetic energy of a rolling body is given by
1 1
K = m c  I c  (i)
2 2
2 2
1
Where m c is the translational kinetic energy and
2
2
1
I c 2 is the rotational kinetic energy about the center of mass
2
In pure rolling motion, c = R
1 1
 K= m(R)2 + Ic2
2 2
15
or K = (Ic + mR ) 
2 2
Using parallel axes therem, the term Ic + mR2 given the moment of inertia about the point of contact,
therefore,
I0 = Ic + mR2
1
and K= I 2 (ii)
2 0
Note that equation (ii) give the rotational kinetic energy of the wheel aobut the point of contact.
ROLLING ON THE INCLINED PLANE :
(a) Velocity : When a rigid body of mass M rolls on an inclined plane without slipping, the friction force
'f ' is static, and no work is done bythe friction force. Hence from the conservation of mechanical energy,
1 1 1 1
Mgh =
2
Mv cm  I cm 2  Mv cm 2
 MK 22
2 2 2 2 R
(where K is the radius of gyration) N
2 f
1 1 K
= Mv cm   2  MR  
2 2 2
2 2 R  h
in
vcm gs
m mgcos
1  K  2 2
 mg
= 2 M.1  R 2  vcm , [where vcm = R for pure rolling] //////////////////////////////////////////////
 
2gh K2
or, vcm  , [where 2 is a pure number between 0 and 1 that depends on the shape of the
K2 R
1 2
R
body]
It is important to note that the velocity of a rolling body is independent of its mass (M) and radius (R).All
uniform solid spheres have the same speed at the bottom even if their masses and radii are different
16
EXERCISE-1 (Board Level)
Very Short Answer Type Questions : [01 Mark Each]
Q.1 What do you mean by a rigid body ?
Q.2 Do the internal forces affect the motion of a system under the effect of some external force ?
Q.3 Define moment of inertia ?
Q.4 What are the factors on which the moment of inertia of a body depend?
Q.5 Define radius of gyration.
Q.6 What is moment of inertia of a (i) ring (ii) disc about its diameter ?
Q.7 What is torque? Give its SI unit.
Q.8 Torque and work are both defined as force times distance. Explain how do they differ.
Q.9 A planet moves around the sun under the effect of gravitational force exerted by the sun. Why is the
torque on the planet due to the gravitational force zero.
Short Answer Type Questions : [02 Marks Each]
Q.10 How will you distinguish between a hard boiled egg and a raw egg by spinning each on a table top ?
Q.11 Explain how a cat is able to land on its feet after a fall, taking advantage of the principle of conservation
of angular momentum.
Q.12 A constant torque is acting on a wheel. If starting from rest, the wheel makes n rotations in t seconds,
4n
show that the angular acceleration is given by = rad s – 2
t2
Q.13 Using expressions for power and kinetic energy have rotational motion, derive the relation  = I, where
letters have their usual meanings.
Q.14 If no external torque acts on a body will its angular velocity remain constant? Explain.
Q.15 What do you mean by mechanical equilibrium of a rigid body? State the condition for the rigid body to
be in mechanical equilibrium.
Q.16 A ladder rests at angle  to the horizontal with the ends resting on a smooth floor and against a smooth
vertical wall the lower end being attached by a string to the junction of the wall and the floor. Find the
tension in the string in terms of the weight of the ladder.
Q.17 Define angular momentum.

OR
Define the term moment of momentum.
Q.18 Which physical quantities are represented by the following ?

(a) Rate of change of angular momentum.
(b) Moment of linear momentum.
17
Q.19 Which physical quantities are represented bythe following?

(a) Product of moment of inertia and angular velocity.
(b) Product of moment of inertia and angular acceleration.
Q.20 A projectile acquires angular momentum about its point of projection during its flight. Is its angular
momentum constant over the entire orbit ?
Q.21 A planet revolves around a massive star in a highlyelliptical orbit. Is its angular momentum constant over
the entire orbit.
Q.22 A disc of mass 5 kg and radius 0.5 m rolls on the ground at the rate of 10 m s–1. Calculate the kinetic
energy of the disc.
Q.23 A cylinderis rollingdown (without slipping) alongan inclinedplane havingrough surfaceand of inclination
1
. Show that the coefficient of static friction,  tan 
3
Long Answer Type Questions: [04 Mark Each]

Q.24 Define moment of inertia. State and prove the two theorems of moment of inertia. Give an example of the
application is each case.
Q.25 Derive an expression for the rotational kinetic energy of a rigid body rotating with an angular velocity 
and hence define moment of inerita.
18
EXERCISE-2 (AIPMT Level)

MOMENT OF INERTIA
Q.1 Which quantity is not directly related with rotational motion
(A) mass (B) angular momentum (C) torque (D) moment of inertia
Q.2 The moment of inertia of a body depends upon -

(A) mass only (B) angular velocity only
(C) distribution of particles only (D) mass and distribution of mass about the axis
Q.3 On account of melting of ice at the north pole the moment of inertia of spinning earth -
(A) increases (B) decreases
(C) remains unchanged (D) depends on the time
Q.4 The M.I. of a disc about its diameter is 2 units. Its M.I. about axis through a point on its rim and
in the plane of the disc is
(A) 4 units. (B) 6 units (C) 8 units (D) 10 units
Q.5 A solid sphere and a hollow sphere of the same mass have the same moments of inertia about their
respective diameters, the ratio of their radii is
(A) (5)1/2 : (3)1/2 (B) (3)1/2 : (5)1/2 (C) 3 : 2 (D) 2 : 3
Q.6 The physical significance of mass in translational motion is same as that of the following in rotational
motion -
(A) moment of inertia (B) angular momentum
(C) torque (D) angular acceleration
Q.7 In an arrangement four particles, each of mass 2 kilogram are situated at the coordinate points
(3, 2, 0), (1, –1, 0), (0, 0, 0) and (–1, 1, 0). The moment of inertia of this arrangement about
the Z-axis will be
(A) 8 units (B) 16 units (C) 43 units (D) 34 units
Q.8 Two discs have same mass and thickness. Their materials are of densities 1 and 2. The ratio
of their moment of inertia about central axis will be -
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 12 : 1 (C) 1 : 12 (D) 2 : 1
Q.9 Three thin uniform rods each of mass M and length L and placed along the three axis of a Cartesian
coordinate system with one end of each rod at the origin. The M.I. of the system about z-axis is
ML2 2ML2 ML2

(A) (B) (C) (D) ML2
3 3 6
Q.10 A circular disc A of radius r is made from an iron plate of thickness t and another circular disc B
of radius 4r is made from an iron plate of thickness t/4. The relation between the moments of inertia
IA and IB is
(A) A > B (B) A = B (C) A < B
(D) depends on the actual values of t and r.
19
Q.11 The moment of inertia of a body does not depend on :
(A) its mass
(B) angular velocity
(C) distribution of its particles
(D) its axis of rotation
Q.12 The moment of inertia of NaC molecule with bond length r about an axis perpendicular to the bond and
passing through the centre of mass is :
(A) (mNa + mCI)r2 (B) mNa + mCI / mNa x mCI r2
(C) mNa x mCI /( mNa + mCI ) r2 (D) mNa + mCI / mNa - mCI r2
Q.13 A disc of metal is melted to recast in the form of a solid sphere. The moment of inertia about a vertical
axis passing through the centre would :
(A) decrease (B) increase (C) remains same (D) nothing can be said
Q.14 Two circular discsAand B are of equal masses and thickness but made of metals with densities dA and
dB (dA> dB). If their moments of inertia about an axis passing through centers and normal to the circular
faces be IA and IB ,then :
(A) IA = IB (B) IA > IB (C) IA < IB (D) IA  IB
Q.15 Moment of inertia of a uniform circular disc about a diameter is I. Its moment of inertia about an axis to
its plane and passing through a point on its rim will be :
(A) 5I (B) 3I (C) 6I (D) 4I
Q.16 AB and CD are two identical rods each of length  and mass m joined to form a cross. The moment of
inertia of these two rods about a bisector (XY) of angle between the rods is :
ml2 ml2
(A) (B)
12 3
2ml2 ml2
(C) (D)
3 6
Q.17 The moment of inertia of a thin square plateABCD of uniform thickness about an axis passing through
the centre O and perpendicular to the plate is :
(A) I1+I2 (B) I3 + I4 (C) I1 + I3 (D) all of above
Q.18 The moment of inertia of a body about a given axis of rotation depends upon :-
(A) the distribution of mass
(B) distance of particle of body from the axis of rotation
(C) shape of the body
(D) all of the above
20
Q.19 Two rotating bodies have same angular momentum but their moments of inertia are I1 and I2 respectively
(I1>I2). Which body will have higher kinetic energy of rotation :-
(A) first (B) second
(C) both will have same kinetic energy (D) not possible to predict
Q.20 A fly wheel is so constructed that almost whole of its mass is concentrated at its rim, because:-
(A) it increases the moment of inertia of the fly-wheel
(B) it decreases the moment of inertia of the fly-wheel
(C) it increases the speed of the fly-wheel
(D) it increases the power of the fly-wheel
Q.21 The moment of inertia of a solid cylinder about its own axis is the same as its moment of inertia about
an axis passing through its centre of gravity and perpendicular to its length. The relation between its
length L and radius R is
(A) L  2 R (B) L  3 R (C) L = 3R (D) L = R
Q.22 On meltng of ice on the pole of the earth, its moment of inertia will :-
(A) increase (B) decrease (C) remain unchanged (D) none of these
Q.23 Four similar point masses (each of mass m) are placed on the circumference
of a disc of mass M and radius R. The M.I. of the system about the normal O
axis through the centre O will be:-
1 8
(A) MR2 + 4mR2 (B) MR2 + 4mR2 (C) MR2 + mR2 (D) none of these
2 5
Q.24 By the theorem of perpendicular axes, if a body be in X-Z-plane then :-
(A) Ix – Iy = Iz (B) Ix + Iz = Iy (C) Ix + Iy = Iz (D) Iy + Iz = Ix
Q.25 The theorem of perpendicular axes is not applicable for determination of moment of inertia along the
diameter, for which of the following body :-
(A) sphere (B) disc (C) ring (D) blade
Q.26 The axis X and Z in the plane of a disc are mutually perpendicular and Y-axis is perpendicular to the
plane of the disc. If the moment of inertia of the body about X and Y axes is respectively 30 kg m2
and 40 kg m2 then M.I. about Z-axis in kg m2 will be :-
(A) 70 (B) 50 (C) 10 (D) Zero
Q.27 Three solid spheres of mass M and radius R are shown in the figure. The moment of inertia of the
system about XX' axis will be :-
X
X'
7 14 16 21
(A) MR2 (B) MR2 (C) MR2 (D) MR2
2 5 5 5
21
Q.28 The moment of inertia of a square lamina about the perpendicular axis through its centre of mass is
20 kg-m2. Then, its moment of inertia about an axis touching its side and in the plane of the lamina
will be :-
(A) 10 kg-m2 (B) 30 kg-m2 (C) 40 kg-m2 (D) 25 kg-m2
Q.29 If the earth loses its atmosphere sudenly, then the duration of day will :-
(A) increase (B) decrease
(C) remain unchanged (D) nothing can be definitely said
Q.30 The curve for the moment of inertia of a sphere of constant mass M versus its radius will be :-
I I I
(A) (B) (C) (D) I
R R R R
Q.31 The moment of inertia of a ring of mass M and radius R about PQ axis will be :-
(A) MR2 D P
M
MR 2
(B) R
2
O O'
3
(C) MR2
2
D' Q
(D) 2MR
Q.32 The moment of inertia of a thin square plateABCD of uniform thickness about an axis passing through
its centre and perpendicular to its plane will be :- I I 4 1
(A) I1 + I2 A B
(B) I1 – I3 I 3
(C) I1 + I2 + I4 O
D C
(D) I1 + I2 + I3 I 2
TORQUE AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM

Q.33 A force of (2 i – 4 j ) Newton acts at a point (3 i + 2 j ) metre from the origin. The magnitude
of torque about origin is
(A) zero (B) 16 N-m (C) 12 N-m (D) 2 N-m
Q.34 Equivalent to force in rotational motion is
(A) moment of force (B) impulse
(C) moment of inertia (D) none of these
Q.35 Torque is given by :
(A) r ×F (B) F × r (C) r × P (D) P × r
Q.36 The rate of change of angular momentum is called
(A) angular velocity (B) angular acceleration
(C) force (D) torque
22
Q.37 Two bodies with moments of inertia I1and I2 (I1 > I2) have equal angular momenta. If kinetic energy of
rotation are E1 and E2 :
(A) E1= E2 (B) E1> E2 (C) E1 < E2 (D) E1 E2
Q.38 A circular ring of mass 1kg and radius 0.2m executes 10 revolutions per sec. Its angular momentum
would be - (kg-m2/sec)
(A) 0.025 (B) 0.25 (C) 2.5 (D) 25
Q.39 A particle of mass m is rotating in a circular path of radius r. Its angular momentum is J. The
centripetal force acting on the particle would be -
J2 J2 J2r 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) J2rm
mr 2 mr 3 m
Q.40 When a mass is rotating in a plane about a fixed point, its angular momentum is directed along-
(A) radius
(B) the tangent to the orbit
(C) a line perpendicular to the plane of rotation
(D) none of the above
Q.41 The torque applied to a ring revolving about its own axis so as to change its angular momentum
by 2 J-s. in 5 s, is
(A) 10N-m (B) 2.5 N-m (C) 0.1N-m (D) 0.4N-m
Q.42 A man sitting on a rotating stool with his arms stretched out, suddenly lowers his hands
(A) his angular velocity decreases (B) his moment of inertia decreases.
(C) his angular velocity remains constant (D) his angular momentum increases.
Q.43 The angular velocity of a body changes from one revolution per 9 second to 1 revolution per
second without applying any torque. The ratio of its radius of gyration in the two cases is
(A) 1 : 9 (B) 3 : 1 (C) 9 : 1 (D) 1 : 3
Q.44 A dog of mass m is walking on a pivoted disc of radius R and mass M in a circle of radius
R/2 with an angular frequency n: the disc will revolve in opposite direction with frequency -
mn mn 2mn 2Mn
(A) (B) (C) (D)
M 2M M M
DYNAMICS
Q.45 On applying a constant torque on a body -
(A) linear velocity increases
(B) angular velocity changes
(C) it will rotate with constant angular velocity
(D) it will move with constant velocity
Q.46 Torque/moment of inertia equals to

(A) angular velocity (B) angular acceleration.
(C) angular momentum. (D) force
23
Q.47 When a steady torque is acting on a body, the body
(A) continues in its state of uniform motion along a straight line
(B) gets linear acceleration
(C) gets angular acceleration
(D) rotates at a constant speed.
Q.48 A wheel starting with angular velocity of 10 radian/sec acquires angular velocity of 100 radian/
sec in 15 seconds. If moment of inertia is 10kg-m2, then applied torque (in newton-metre) is
(A) 900 (B) 100 (C) 90 (D) 60
Q.49 A circular ring of wire of mass M and radius R is making n revolutions/sec about an axis passing
through a point on its rim and perpendicular to its plane. The kinetic energy of rotation of the ring
is given by-
1 2
(A) 42MR2n2 (B) 22MR2n2 (C)  MR2n2 (D) 82MR2n2
2
Q.50 Rotational kinetic energy of a given body about an axis is proportional to -
(A) time period (B) (time period)2 (C) (time period)-1 (D) (time period)–2
Q.51 A thin bar of length L is suspended from one end and rotated at a speed of n revolutions per
second. The rotational kinetic energy of the bar is -
(A) 2ML22n2 (B) 1/2 ML22n2 (C) 2/3 ML22n2 (D) 1/6 ML22n2.
Q.52 A string of negligible mass is wrapped on a cylindrical pulley of mass M and radius R. The other end of
string is tied to a bucket of mass m. If the pulley rotates about a horizontal axis then the tension in the
string is :
(A) mg (B) (M+m)g (C) Mmg/(M+2m) (D) 2mg/(M+2m)
Q.53 In the above problem the linear acceleration of the bucket would be :
(A) mg/(M+m) (B) Mg/(M+m) (C) 2Mg/(M+2m) (D) 2mg/(M+2m)
Q.54 A wheel whose radius is R and moment of inertia about its- own axis is I, rotates freely about its own
axis.Arope is wrapped on the wheel.Abody of mass m is suspended from the free end of the rope. The
body is released from rest. The velocity of the body after falling a distance h would be :
(A) (mgh/1)1/2 (B) (2mgh/m+I)1/2 (C) (2mgh/m+I/r2)1/2 (D) (m+I/2mgh)1/2
Q.55 The graph between the angular momentum J and angular velocity  will be :-
(A) J (B) J (C) J (D) J
   
Q.56 The linear and angular acceleration of a particle are 10 m/sec2 and 5 rad/sec2 respectively. It will be
at a distance from the axis of rotation.
1
(A) 50 m (B) m (C) 1 m (D) 2 m
2
24
Q.57 A thin rod of length L is suspended from one end and rotated with n rotations per second. The rotational
kinetic energy of the rod will be :
1 2 1
(A) 2mL22n2 (B) mL22n2 (C) mL22n2 (D) mL22n2
2 3 6
Q.58 A rotating table completes one rotation is 10 sec. and its moment of ineratia is 100 kg-m2. A person
of 50 kg. mass stands at the centre of the rotating table. If the person moves 2m. from the centre,
the angular velocity of the rotating table in rad/sec. will be:
2 20  2
(A) (B) (C) (D) 2
30 30 3
Q.59 The rotational kinetic energy of a body is E. In the absence of external torque, if mass of the body
is halved and radius of gyration doubled, then its rotational kinetic energy will be :-
(A) 0.5E (B) 0.25E (C) E (D) 2E
Q.60 The moment of inertia of a disc of radius 0.5 m about its geometric axis is 2kg-m2. If a string is tied
to its circumference and a force of 10 Newton is applied, the value of torque with respect to this
axis will be :-
(A) 2.5 N-m (B) 5 N-m (C) 10 N-m (D) 20 N-m
Q.61 In the above question, if the disc executes rotatory motion, its angular acceleration will be :-
(A) 2.5 rad/sec2 (B) 5 rad/sec2 (C) 10 rad/sec2 (D) 20 rad/sec2
Q.62 In the above question, the value of its angular velocity after 2 seconds will be :-
(A) 2.5 rad/sec (B) 5 rad/sec (C) 10 rad/sec (D) 20 rad/sec
Q.63 In the above question, the change in angular momentum of disc in first 2 seconds in Nm second will
be –
(A) 2.5 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 20
Q.64 In the above question, angular displacement of the disc, in first two second will be in radian:-
(A) 2.5 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 20
Q.65 An ant is sitting at the edge of a rotating disc. If the ant reaches the other end, after moving along
the diameter, the angular velocity of the disc will:-
(A) remain constant (B) first decreases and then increases
(C) first increases, then decrease (D) Iincrease continuously
Q.66 A particle of mass m is rotating in a plane in a circular path of radius r. Its angular momentum is L.
The centripetal force acting on the particle is
L2 L2 m L2 L2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
mr r mr 2 mr 3
Q.67 A fan of moment of inertia 0.6 kg × metre2 is to run upto a working speed of 0.5 revolution per
second. Indicate the correct value of the angular momentum of the fan
metre 2 metre 2 metre 2  metre 2
(A) 0.6  kg  (B) 6  kg  (C) 3  kg  (D) kg 
sec sec sec 6 sec
25
Q.68 A dancer on ice spins faster, when she folds her arms. This is due to
(A) increase in energy and increase in angular momentum
(B) decrease in friction at the skates
(C) constant angular momentum and increase in kinetic energy
(D) increase in kinetic energy and decrease in angular momentum.
Q.69 Aparticleofmass m is describingacircularpathofradius rwithuniformspeed.IfListheangularmomentum

of the particle (about the axis of the circle), then the kinetic energy of the particle is
L2 L2 L2 r 2
(A) (B) mr2L (C) (D)
mr 2 2mr 2 m
Q.70 A flywheel is making 3 0 0 0 revolutions per minute about its axis. If the moment of inertia of the flywheel

about that axis is 400 kgm2, its rotational kinetic energy is
(A) 2 × 106 J (B) 3 × 103 J (C) 5002 J (D) 12 × 103 J
ROLLING
Q.71 A ring of mass 1kg and diameter 1m is rolling on a plane road with a speed 2m/s. Its kinetic energy would
be -
(A) 1 joule (B) 4 joule (C) 2 joule (D) 0.5 joule
Q.72 A sphere rolls down an inclined plane through a height h. Its velocity at the bottom would be
7 10 
10 
(A) 2gh (B) gh (C) gh (D)  7  gh
10 7  
Q.73 A solid sphere is rolling on a frictionless surface as shown in Fig. with a translational velocity v m/s. If it
is to climb the inclined surface, then v should be :
10 10
(A)  gh (B)  2gh (C) 2gh (D) gh
7 7
Q.74 A solid cylinder starts rolling from a height h on an inclined plane. At some instant t, the ratio of
its rotational K.E. and the total K.E. would be
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 1 : 3 (C) 2 : 3 (D) 1 : 1
Q.75 The acceleration down the plane of a rolling spherical body of mass m radius R and moment of
inertia I having inclination  to the horizontal is
g sin  g sin  g sin  g sin
(A) (B) (C) (D)
1 I2 / R2 1  I / R2 1  I / MR 2 MR2  I
Q.76 The condition that a rigid body is rolling without slipping on an inclined plane is
(A) it has acceleration less than g.
(B) it has rotational and translational K.E. to be equal
(C) it has linear velocity equal to radius times angular velocity
(D) the plane is frictionless.
26
Q.77 When different regular bodies roll down along an inclined plane from rest, then acceleration will
be maximum for a body whose -
(A) radius of gyration is least (B) mass is least
(C) surface area is maximum (D) moment of inertia is maximum
Q.78 A disc rolls down a plane of length L and inclined at angle , without slipping. Its velocity on reaching
the bottom will be :-
4 gL sin  2 gL sin  10 gL sin 
(A) (B) (C) (D) 4 gL sin 
3 3 7
Q.79 A thin hollow cylinder open at both ends slides without rotating and then rolls without slipping with
the same speed. The ratio of the kinetic energies in the two cases is
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 1 : 4
Q.80 Calculate the ratio of the times taken by a uniform solid sphere and a disc of the same mass and the
same diameter to roll down through the same distance from rest on a smooth inclined plane.
(A) 15 : 14 (B) 1 5 : 14 (C) 152 : 142 (D) 1 4 : 15
Q.81 A body of mass m slides down an incline and reaches the bottom with a velocity v. If the same mass
were in the form of a ring which rolls down this incline, the velocity of the ring at the bottom would
have been
v 2
(A) v (B) v 2 (C) (D) v
2 5
Q.82 When a sphere of moment of inertia I rolls down on an inclined plane the percentage of total energy
which is rotational, is approximately
(A) 28 % (B) 72 % (C) 100 % (D) none of these
Q.83 When a body starts to roll on an inclined plane, its potential energy is converted into
(A) translational kinetic energy only (B) translational and rotational kinetic energy
(C) rotational energy only (D) none
27
EXERCISE-3 (AIPMT Previous Years)

Q.1 A wheel has angular acceleration of 3.0 rad/sec2 and an initial angular speed of 2.00 rad/sec. In a time
of 2 sec it has rotated through an angle (In radian) of - [CBSE PMT 2007]
(A) 6 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 4
Q.2 The ratio of the radii of gyration of a circular disc to that of a circular ring, each of same mass and radius,
around their respective axes is - [CBSE PMT 2008]
(A) 2 :1 (B) 2: 3 (C) 3: 2 (D) 1 : 2
Q.3 Four thin rods of same mass M and same length l, form a square as shown in figure. Moment of inertia
of this system about an axis through centre O and perpendicular to its plane is -
[CBSE PMT 2009]
l
l O l
l
4 2 Ml 2 Ml 2 2 2
(A) Ml (B) (C) (D) Ml
3 3 6 3
  
Q.4 Let F be the force acting on a particle having position vector r and T be the torque of this force about
the origin. Then [CBSE PMT 2009]
   
(A) r .T  0 and F.T = 0 (B) r .T  0 and F.T  0
   
(C) r .T  0 and F.T = 0 (D) r .T  0 and F.T  0
Q.5 A circular disc of moment of inertia It is rotating in a horizontal plane, about its symmetry axis, with a
constant angular speed i. Another disk of moment of inertia Ib is dropped coaxially onto the rotating
disk. Initially the second disk has zero angular speed. Eventually both the disks rotate with a constant
angular speed f. The energy lost by the initially rotating disc to friction is - [CBSE PMT 2010]
1 IbIt 1 I 2b 1 I2t Ib  It 2
(A) 2 (I  I ) i i2 i2 (D) (I  I ) i
2
(B) (C)
t b 2 (I t  Ib ) 2 (I t  Ib ) t b
Q.6 If a hollow cylinder and a solid cylinder are allowed to roll down an incline plane, which will take more
time to reach the bottom - [CBSE PMT (Mains) 2010]
(A) Hollow cylinder (B) Solid cylinder (C) Same for both (D) One whose radius is more
Q.7 (a) Centre of gravity (CG) of a body is the point at which the weight of the body acts.
(b) Centre of mass may coincide with the centre of gravity.
(c) To evaluate the gravitational field intensity due to anybody at an external point, the entire mass of the
body can be considered to be concentrated at its CG.
(d) The radius of gyration of any body rotating about an axis is the length of the perpendicular dropped
from the CG of the body to the axis.
Which one of the following pairs of statements is correct? [CBSE PMT (Mains) 2010]
(A) (c) and (a) (B) (a) and (b) (C) (b) and (c) (D) (d) and (c)
28
Q.8 The moment of inertia of a thin uniform rod of mass M and length Labout an axis passing through its mid-
point and perpendicular to its length is I0. Its moment of inertia about an axis passing through one of its
ends and perpendicular to its length is - [CBSE PMT (Pre.) 2011]
2
(A) I0 + ML /4 (B) I0 + 2ML 2 (C) I0 + ML 2 (D) I0 + ML2/2
Q.9 A uniform cylinder has a radius R and length L. If the moment of inertia of this cylinder about an axis
passing through its centre and normal to its circular face is equal to the moment of inertia of the same
cylinder about an axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to its length, then-
[AIIMS 2010, MP PMT 2011]
R 3
(A) L = R (B) L = 3R (C) L = (D) L = R
3 2
Q.10 A small mass attached to a string rotates on frictionless table top as shown. If the tension in the string is
increased by pulling the string causing the radius of the circular motion to decrease by a factor of 2, the
kinetic energy of the mass will - [CBSE PMT (Mains) 2011]
(A) remain constant (B) increase by a factor of 2

(C) increase by a factor of 4 (D) decrease by a factor of 2
Q.11 The instantaneous angular position of a point on a rotating wheel is given bythe equation (t) = 2t3 – 6t2.
The torque on the wheel becomes zero at - [CBSE PMT (Pre.) 2011]
(A) t = 2s (B) t = 1s (C) t = 0.2s (D) t = 0.25s
  
Q.12 ABC is equilateral triangle with O as its centre. F1 , F2 and F3 represent three forces acting along the

sides AB, BC and AC respectively. If the total torque about O is zero then the magnitude of F3 is -
A
F3
O
B F2
C
F1
[CBSE PMT (Pre.) 2012]
F1  F2
(A) F1 + F2 (B) F1 – F2 (C) (D) 2(F1 + F2)
2
Q.13 When a mass is rotating in a plane about a fixed point its angular momentum is directed along -
(A) A line perpendicular to the plane of rotation [CBSE PMT (Pre.) 2012]
(B) The line making an angle of 45º to the plane of rotation
(C) The radius
(D) The tangent of the orbit
29
Q.14 Arod PQ of mass M and length Lis hinged at end P. The rod is kept horizontal by a massless string tied
to point Q as shown in figure. When string is cut, the initial angular acceleration of the rod is :
P
Q [AIPMT-2013]
L
g 2g 2g 3g
(A) (B) (C) (D)
L L 3L 2L
Q.15 A solid cylinder of mass 50 kg and radius 0.5 m is free to rotate about the horizontal axis. A massless
string is wound round the cylinder with one end attached to it and other hanging freely. Tension in the
string required to produce an angular acceleration of 2 revolutions s–2 is [AIPMT-2014]
(A) 78.5 N (B) 157 N (C) 25 N (D) 50 N
Q.16 The ratio of the accelerations for a solid sphere (mass 'm' and radius 'R') rolling down an incline of angle
'' without slipping and slipping down the incline without rolling is [AIPMT-2014]
(A) 2 : 5 (B) 7 : 5 (C) 5 : 7 (D) 2 : 3
Q.17 A mass m moves in a circle on a smooth horizontal plane with velocity v0 at a radius R0. The mass is
attached to a string which passes through a smooth hole in the plane as shown. The tension in the string
R0
is increased gradually and finally m moves in a circle of radius . The final value of the kinetic energy
2
is [AIPMT 2015]
v0
m
R0
1 1
(A) mv 02 (B) 2mv 02 (C) mv 0
2
(D) mv 02
4 2
Q.18 Arod of weight W is supported by two parallel knife edgesAand B and is in equilibrium in a horizontal
position. The knives are at a distance d from each other. The centre of mass of the rod is at distance x
from A. The normal reaction onAis [AIPMT 2015]
Wd W (d  x ) W (d  x ) Wx
(A) (B) (C) (D)
x x d d
Q.19 Three identical spherical shell, each of mass m and radius r are placed as shown in figure., Consider an
axis XX' which is touching to two shells and passing through diameter of third shell. Moment of inertia of
the system consisting of these three spherical shells about XX' axis is : [AIPMT 2015]
X
... . .
.. . ........
... . .
.
. ..... ... . . ... ....
.. . . . . .. . . . .
.
. .. . . ... . .
X'
16 2 11 2
(A) 3 mr2 (B) mr (C) 4 mr2 (D) mr
5 5
30
Q.20 From a disc of radius R and mass M, a circular hole of diameter R, whose rim passes through the centre
is cut. What is the moment of inertia of the remaining part of the disc about at perpendicular axis, passing
through the centre ? [NEET-I 2016]
2
(A) 9MR /32 (B) 15MR /32 2 (C) 13MR /322 (D) 11 MR2/32
Q.21 Two rotating bodies A and B of masses m and 2m with moments of inertia IAA and IB (IB > IA) have
equal kinetic energy of rotation. If LA and LB be their angular momenta respectively, then
[NEET-II 2016]
LB
(A) LA > LB (B) LA= (C) LA = 2LB (D) LB > LA
2
Q.22 Asolid sphere of mass m and radius R is rotating about its diameter.Asolid cylinder of the same mass
and same radius is also rotating about its geometrical axis with an angular speed twice that of the sphere.
The ratio of their kinetic energies of rotation (Esphere / E cylinder) will be : [NEET-II 2016 ]
(A) 3 : 1 (B) 2 : 3 (C) 1 : 5 (D) 1 : 4
Q.23 A light rod of length l has two masses m1 and m2 attached to its two ends. The moment of inertia of the
system about an axis perpendicular to the rod and passing through the centre of mass is :
[NEET-II 2016]
m1m 2 2 m1m 2 2
(A) m1m 2  2 (B) m  m  (C) m – m  (D) (m1 – m 2 ) 2
1 2 1 2
Q.24 Two discs of same moment of inertia rotating about their regular axis passing through centre and
perpendicular to the plane of disc with angular velocities 1 and 2. They are brought into contact face
to face coinciding the axis of rotation. The expression for loss of energy during this process is :
[NEET-I 2017]
1 1 1
(A) (1  2 ) 2 (B) (1  2 )
2
(C) I(1 – 2 ) 2 (D) (1 – 2 ) 2
2 4 2
31
EXERCISE-4 (AIIMS Level)

MOMENT OF INERTIA
 
Q.1 Let A be a unit vector along the axis of rotation of a purely rotating body and B be a unit vector
 
along the velocity of particle P of the body away from the axis. The value of A.B is :
(A) 1 (B) – 1 (C) 0 (D) None of these
Q.2 A sphere is rotating about a diameter :
(A) The particles on the surface of the sphere do not have any linear acceleration
(B) The particles on the diameter mentioned above do not have any linear acceleration
(C) Different particles on the surface have different angular speeds
(D) All the paricles on the surface have same linear speed
Q.3 The density of a rod gradually decreases from one end to the other. It is pivoted at an end so that
it can move about a vertical axis through the pivot. A horizontal force F is applied on the free end
in a direction perpendicular to the rod. The quantity, that do not depend on which end the rod is
pivoted, is :
(A) angular acceleration
(B) angular velocity when the rod completes one rotation
(C) angular momentum when the rod completes one rotation
(D) torque of the applied force
Q.4 From a disc of mass M and radius R, a concentric disc of radius r and mass m is removed. The
remaining portion will have moment of inertia about its symmetric axis as -
 M  m  M  m  M  m  M  m
(A)  2  (R – r)2 (B)  2  (R2 – r2). (C)  2  (R – r)2 (D)  2  (R2 + r2)
Q.5 An elliptical disc shown in the figure is rotated in turn about x-x, y-y and z-z axes passing through
the centre of mass of the disc. Moment of inertia of the disc is (The disc lies in x-y plane)
z
y
x' x
y'
z
(A) Same about all the three axes
(B) Maximum about z-z axes
(C) Maximum about y-y axis
(D) Same about x-x and y-y axis
l
Q.6 Moment of inertia of a rod of mass m and length l about an axis at a distance from one of the
4
ends of the rod towards centre and perpendicular to its length is
19 2 7 7 19 2
(A) ml (B) ml 2 (C) ml 2 (D) ml
48 38 48 38
32
Q.7 A sector is cut out of a disc of mass m and radius r. It is made to rotate about a line perpendicular
to its plane and passing through the centre as shown. Its moment of inertia about the axis of rotation
is
60°
mr 2 mr 2 mr 2 mr 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 2 12 24
Q.8 A uniform rod of mass 'M' and length 'L' is bent in the form of a regular hexagon. Moment of inertia
of the hexagon so formed about an axis passing through its centre and perpendicular to its plane
is :
7ML2 9ML2 5ML2 3ML2

(A) (B) (C) (D)
343 343 216 109
Q.9 Let I1 and I2 be the moment of inertia of a uniform square plate about axes APC and OPO' respectively
I
as shown in the figure. P is centre of square. The ratio 1 of moment of inertia is
I2
1
(A) (B) 2
2
(C) 1/2 (D) 1
Q.10 A square is made by joining four rods, each of mass M and length L. Its moment of inertia, about an axis
PQ, in its plane and is passing through one of its end, is (as shown in the figure)
P
4 8 10
(A) 6ML2 (B) ML2 (C) ML2 (D) ML2
3 3 3
Q.11 Four identical rods, each of mass m and length l are joined to form a rigid square frame. The frame lies
in the xy plane, with its centre at the origin and the sides parallel to the x and y-axes. Its moment of inertia
about the x-axis is :
y
2 2 4 2 10 2 5 2
(A) ml (B) ml (C) ml (D) ml
3 3 3 3
33
Q.12 In the above question the moment of inertia about the z-axis is :
2 2 4 2 10 2 5 2
(A ) ml (B) ml (C) ml (D) ml
3 3 3 3
Q.13 In the above question the moment of inertia about an axis parallel to the z-axis and passing through a
corner is :
2 2 4 2 10 2 5 2
3 3 3 3
Q.14 In the above question the moment of inertia about one side is :
2 2 4 2 10 2 5 2
3 3 3 3
TORQUE AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM

Q.15 Aconstant torque acting on a uniform circular wheel changes its angular momentum fromA0 to 4A0 in
4 sec the magnitude of this torque is
(A) 4A0 (B) A0 (C) 3A0 / 4 (D) 12 A0
Q.16 Ahorizontal disc rotates freely about a vertical axis through its centre.Aring, having the same mass and
radius as the disc, is now gently placed on the disc. After some time, the two rotate with a common
angular velocity, then which of the following is not correct :
(A) Some friction exists between the disc and the ring
(B) The angular momentum of the ‘disc plus ring’ is conserved
(C) The final common angular velocity is 2/3 rd of the initial angular velocityof the disc
(D) 2/3 rd of the initial kinetic energy changes to heat.
 
Q.17 Let F be a force acting on a particle having position vector r . Let  be the torque of this force
about the origin, then :
   
(A) r .  0 and F.  0 (B) r .  0 but F.  0
   
(C) r .  0 but E.  0 (D) r .  0 and F.  0
Q.18 A cuboidal block of height a and width b is placed on the horizontal surface with sufficient friction
then for a given force
b
f
(A) Probability of toppling is more if b > a (B) Probability of toppling is more if a > b
(C) Probability of toppling is more if a = b (D) Block can not topple
Q.19 A particle moves with a constant velocity parallel to the x-axis. Its angular momentum with respect
to the origin :
(A) is zero (B) remains constant (C) goes on increasing (D) goes on decreasing
34
Q.20 John is standing with folded hands at the centre of a platform rotating about its central axis. The kinetic
energy of the system is K. Now, John stretches his arms so that moment of inertia of the system
doubles. Kinetic energy of the system now is
(A) 2K (B) 4K (C) K/4 (D) K/2
Q.21 A man is standing at the centre of a rotating disc of radius R, hinged at its center. When the man
starts walking from the centre towards the periphery of the disc, then
(A) Angular momentum of the system starts decreasing
(B) Kinetic energy of the system starts increasing
(C)Angular velocityof the system starts decreasing
(D) Kinetic energy first increases then decreases
Q.22 A uniform ladder of mass 10 kg leans against a smooth vertical wall making an angle of 53º with it. The
other end rests on a rough horizontal floor. Find the normal force and the frictional force that the floor
exerts on the ladder A
(A) 65 N, 65 N 53º
(B) 65 N, 98 N
(C) 98 N, 65 N
(D) 65 N, 65 N B O
Q.23 A particle is moving on a circular path with decreasing velocity . Choose the correct option.

(A) angular momentum L is constant

(B) Only direction of L vector is constant
(C) Acceleration is directed toward the centre
(D) Partical spirals towards centre
DYNAMICS
Q.24 Calculate the torque acting on the disc in the given arrangement (Radius of disc 1m and mass m)
R
Hinged
(A) 2 mg/3 (B) mg/3 (C) mg (D) 4 mg/5
Q.25 A wheel whose radius is r and moment of inertia about its-own axis is I, can rotate freely about
its own horizontal axis. A rope is wrapped on the wheel. A body of mass m is suspended from
the free end of the rope. The body is released from rest. The velocity of the body after falling a
distance h would be -
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
 mgh   2mgh   2mgh   mI 
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D)  
 I   mI   m  I / r2   2mgh 
35
Q.26 A rod of length L is hinged at one end. It is brought to a horizontal position and released. The
angular velocity of the rod when it is in vertical position is
(A) 3g / L (B) 2g / L (C) g / 2L (D) g / L
Q.27 Two particles of masses m1 and m2 are connected at the two ends of a weightless rod of length
l. The rod is rotated about a perpendicular axis passing through the centre of mass of the two
particles at a speed of n revolutions per second. The rotational K.E. of the system is
m1m 2 m1m 2
(A) 42n2l2 x m  m (B) 22n2l2 x m  m
1 2 1 2
2 2 2
(C) 4 n l x (m1 + m2) 2 2 2
(D) 2 n l x (m1 + m2)
Q.28 A disc of radius R and mass M is under pure rolling when a force f is applied at the topmost point
(as shown in figure) and there is sufficient friction between the disc and the horizontal surface, then
f
f f f
(A) acm  (B) acm  (C) acm  (D) None of these
M M M
Q.29 A ring of mass m and radius R is acted upon by a force F as shown in the figure, there is sufficient
friction between the ring and the ground then the force of friction necessary for pure rolling is
F
R
F F F
(A) forward (B) forward (C) Zero (D) backward
2 3 4
ROLLING
Q.30 A solid iron sphere A rolls down an inclined plane, while another hollow sphere B with the same
mass and external radius also rolls down the inclined plane. If VA and VB are their velocities at
the bottom of the inclined plane, then
(A) VA > VB (B) VA = VB (C) VA < VB (D) VA > = < VB
Q.31 A body of radius R and mass m is rolling on a horizontal plane without slipping with speed v. It
then rolls up a hill of vertical height h. If h = 3v2/4g, the body is -
(A) Ring (B) Cylinder (C) Solid sphere (D) Spherical shell
Q.32 A small ball of radius r rolls down without sliding in a big hemispherical bowl of radius R. What
would be the ratio of the translational and rotational kinetic energies at the bottom of the bowl
(A) 2 : 1 (B) 3 : 2 (C) 4 : 3 (D) 5 : 2
Q.33 The centre of a wheel rolling on a plane surface moves with a speed v0, A particle on the rim of the
wheel at the same level as the centre will be moving at speed :
(A) zero (B) v0 (C) 2 v0 (D) 2v0
36
Q.34 A solid sphere, a hollow sphere and a disc, all having same mass and radius, are placed at the top
of a smooth incline and released. Least time will be taken in reaching the bottom by :
(A) the solid sphere (B) the hollow sphere
(C) the disc (D) all will take same time
Q.35 Consider a wheel of a bicycle rolling on a level road at a linear speed v0 , then which of the following
is incorrect : C
D
(A) the speed of the particle A is zero O
(B) the speed of B, C and D are all equal to v0 B v0
(C) the speed of C is 2v0
(D) the speed of B is greater than the speed of O A
Q.36 A cylinder rolls up an inclined plane, reaches some height, and then rolls down (without slipping
throughout these motions). The directions of the frictional force acting on the cylinder are -
(A) up the incline while ascending and down the incline while descending
(B) up the incline while ascending as well as descending
(C) down the incline while ascending and up the incline while descending
(D) down the incline while ascending as well as descending
Q.37 A thin uniform rod of mass m and length l is free to rotate about its upper end. When it is at rest, it
receives an impulse J at its lowest point, normal to its length. Immediately after impact, which is not
correct :
(A) the angular momentum of the rod is 2Jl
(B) the angular velocity of the rod is 3J/ml
(C) the kinetic energy of the rod is 3J2/2m
(D) the linear velocity of the midpoint of the rod is 3J/2m
Q.38 In the given figure a ball strikes a uniform rod of same mass elastically and rod is hinged at pointA. Then
which of the statement is correct?
A
(A) linear momentum of system (ball + rod) is conserved.

(B) angular momentum of system (ball + rod) about any point except the hinged pointAis conserved.
(C) kinetic energy of system (ball + rod) before the collision is equal to kinetic energy of system just after
the collision
(D) linear momentum of ball is conserved.
37
ASSERTION & REASON TYPE
(A) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason in the correct explanation of the
Assertion
(B) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion
(C) If Assertion is true but Reason is false
(D) If both Assertion and Reason are false
Q.1 Assertion : Instantaneous angular velocity is a vector quantity.
Reason :Infinitesimal angular displacement (d) is a vector.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.2 Assertion : When a rigid body is rotating about a fixed axis, every particle of the rigid body have same
angular velocityand angular acceleration.
Reason :For every pair of particles in a rigid body, there is no velocity of separation or approach
between the particles.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.3 Assertion : It will be much easier to accelerate a merry go-round full of children if they stand close to its
axis then if they all stand at the outer edge.
Reason :For larger moment of inertia, the angular acceleration is small for given torque.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.4 Assertion : Inertia and moment of inertia are same quantities.
Reason :Moment of inertia represent the capacity of a rigid body to oppose its state of translatory
motion.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.5 Assertion : It is more difficult to open the door by applying the force near the hinge.
Reason : Torque is maximum at hinge.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.6 Assertion : If earth shrinks (without change in mass) to half its present radius, length of day would
become 6 hours.
Reason :As radius of earth changes its moment of inertia changes.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.7 Assertion : A solid cylinder is under pure rolling on a rough horizontal surface. Point of contact has only
radial acceleration towards centre.
Reason : In pure rolling on a stationary horizontal surface, the velocity of point of contact is zero.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.8 Assertion : In shown situation ring is performing pure rolling motion on rough horizontal ground. The
value of friction force in this case is zero.
Ring
F
M
R
Rough
Reason : In pure rolling work done by friction is always zero.

(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
38
Q.9 Assertion : A helicopter must necessarily have two propellers.
Reason :Two propellers are provided in helicopter in order to conserve linear momentum.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.10 Assertion : A ladder is more likely to slip when a person is near the top when he is near the bottom.
Reason : The friction between the ladder and floor decreases as he climbs up.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.11 Assertion : A sphere is placed such that its centre is at origin of coordinate system. If Ix and Iy be the
moment of inertia about x-axis and y-axis respectively then moment of inertia about z-axis is Ix + Iy.
Reason :For any body according to perpendicular axis theorem Iz = Ix + Iy.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.12 Assertion : Many great rivers flow towards the equator. The sediments that they carry increases the
time of rotation of the earth about its own axis.
Reason :The angular momentum of the earth about its rotation axis is conserved.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.13 Assertion : The spokes near the top of a rolling bicycle wheel are more blurred than those near the
bottom of the wheel.
Reason :The spokes near the top of wheel are moving faster than those near the bottom of the wheel.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D

Q.14 Assertion : Angular velocity of the seconds hand of a watch is rad / s .
30
2
Reason :Angular velocity   where T is the time period.
T
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
Q.15 Assertion : The hard boiled egg and raw egg can be distinguished on the basis of spinning of both.
Reason :The moment of inertia of hard boiled egg is more as compared to raw egg.
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
39
EXERCISE-5 (AIIMS Previous Years)

Q.1 In the diagram show below all three rods are of equal length L and equal mass M. The system is rotated
such that rod B is the axis. What is the moment of inertia of the system ? [AIIMS 2007]
ML2 4 A
(A) (B) ML2
6 6
B
2
ML 2
(C) (D) ML2
3 3 C
Q.2 Side of an equilateral triangle is l. There point masses, each of magnitude m, ae placed at the three
vertices ofthe triangle. Moment of inertia of this system about one side of triangle as axis is given by
[AIIMS 2008]
3 2 4 2 3 2 2 2
4 3 2 3
Q.3 Four points masses, each of value m, are placed at the corners of a square ABCD of side l. The moment
of inertia of this system about an axis passing through A and parallel to BD is - [AIIMS 2008]
(A) 3 ml2 (B) 3 ml2 (C) ml2 (D) 2ml2
Q.4 Assertion : The size and shape of the rigid body remains unaffected under the effect of external force.
Reason : The distance between two particles remains constant in a rigid body. [AIIMS 2009]
(A) If both Assertion & Reason are True and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(B) If both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion
(C) If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(D) If both Assertion and Reason are False.
Q.5 Assertion:Awheelmovingdownaperfectlyfrictinlessinclinedplanewillundergoslipping(notrollingmotion)
Reason : For perfect rolling motion, work done against friction is zero. [AIIMS 2010]
Q.6 What is moment of inertia of a cylinder of radius r, along its height ? [AIIMS 2010]
mr 2 2mr 2 2mr 2
(A) mr2 (B) (C) (D)
2 5 5
Q.7 Four holes of radius R are cut from a thin square plate of side 4R and mass M. The moment of inertia of
the remaining about z-axis is
y
x
[AIIMS 2010]
 4  4   8 10 
(B)  – MR (C)  – MR (D)  – MR
2 2 2
(A) MR 2
12 3 4 3 6  3 16 
40
Q.8 What is moment of inertia for a solids sphere w.r.t. a tangent touching to its surface ? [AIIMS 2011]
2 7 2 5
(A) MR 2 (B) MR
2
(C) MR
2
(D) MR 2
5 5 3 3
 
Q.9 Give   2k̂ and r  2î  2ˆj . Find the linear velocity [AIIMS 2011]
(A) 4î  4ˆj (B) 4î  4k̂ (C) – 4î  4ˆj (D) – 4î – 4ˆj
Q.10 If 2 kg mass is rotating on a circular path of radius 0.8 m with angular velocity of 44 rad/sec. If radius of
the path becomes 1 m, then what will be the value of angular velocity ? [AIIMS 2012]
(A) 28.16 rad/sec (B) 19.28 rad/sec (C) 8.12 rad/sec (D) 35.26 rad/sec
Q.11 A solid cylinder, a circular disc, a solid sphere and a hollow cylinder of the same radius are placed on an
inclined plane. Which of the following will have maximum acceleration at the bottom of the plane ?
[AIIMS 2012]
(A) Circular disc. (B) Solid cylinder (C) Solid sphere (D) Hollow cylinder
Q.12 Give that force (5î  7ˆj – 3k̂ ) N acts on a particle at position (î  ˆj – k̂ ) m . Find torque of this force on
the particle about origin. [AIIMS 2013]
(A) 4î – 2ˆj  2k̂ (B) 2î – 2ˆj  4k̂ (C) 5î – 2ˆj  3k̂ (D) 6î – 4ˆj  4k̂
Q.13 Assertion : Moment of inertia is always constant.

Reason : Angular moment is conserved that is why moment of inertia is constant. [AIIMS 2013]
Q.14 A particle moves in a circular path with decreasing speed. Choose the correct statement.
(A) Angular momentum remains constant [AIIMS 2014]

(B) Acceleration a is towards the centre
(C) Particle moves in a spiral path with decreasing radius
(D) The direction of angular momentum remains constant
Q.15 A child is standing with folded hands at the centre of a platform rotating about its central axis. The kinetic
energy of the sytem is K. The child now stretches his arms so that the moment of inertia of the system
doubled. The kinetic energy of the system now is [AIIMS 2014]
(A) 2K (B) K/2 (C) K/4 (D) 4K
Q.16 Assertion : The velocityof a bodyat the bottom of an inclined plane of given height is more when it slides
down the plane compared to when it is rolling down the same plane. [AIIMS 2014]
Reason : In rolling down, a body acquired both kinetic energy of translation and rotation.
41
Q.17 Assertion : A judo fighter in order to throw his opponenet on to the mat tries to initially bend his oppo-
nent and then rotate him around his hip.
Reason : As the mass of opponent is brought closer to the figher’s hip, the force required to throw the
opponent is reduced. [AIIMS 2015]
Q.18 A sphere of mass 10 kg and radius 0.5 m rotates about a tangent. The moment of inertia of the sphere is
[AIIMS 2016]
(A) 5 kg m 2 (B) 2.7 kg m 2 (C) 3.5 kg m 2 (D) 4.5 kg m2
Q.19 Assertion : Value of radius of gyration of a body depends on axis of rotation. [AIIMS 2016]
Reason : Radius of gyration is root mean square distance of particle of the body from the axis of rotation.
42
ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE-2
Q.1 A Q.2 D Q.3 A Q.4 D Q.5 A
Q.6 A Q.7 D Q.8 D Q.9 B Q.10 C
Q.11 B Q.12 C Q.13 A Q.14 C Q.15 A
Q.16 A Q.17 D Q.18 D Q.19 B Q.20 A
Q.21 B Q.22 A Q.23 B Q.24 B Q.25 A
Q.26 C Q.27 C Q.28 C Q.29 B Q.30 A
Q.31 C Q.32 A Q.33 B Q.34 A Q.35 A
Q.36 D Q.37 C Q.38 C Q.39 B Q.40 C
Q.41 D Q.42 B Q.43 B Q.44 B Q.45 B
Q.46 B Q.47 C Q.48 D Q.49 A Q.50 D
Q.51 C Q.52 C Q.53 A Q.54 C Q.55 A
Q.56 D Q.57 C Q.58 A Q.59 A Q.60 B
Q.61 A Q.62 B Q.63 C Q.64 B Q.65 C
Q.66 D Q.67 A Q.68 C Q.69 C Q.70 A
Q.71 B Q.72 C Q.73 B Q.74 B Q.75 C
Q.76 C Q.77 A Q.78 A Q.79 B Q.80 D
Q.81 C Q.82 A Q.83 B
EXERCISE-3
Q.1 B Q.2 D Q.3 A Q.4 A Q.5 A
Q.6 A Q.7 A Q.8 A Q.9 B Q.10 C
Q.11 B Q.12 A Q.13 A Q.14 D Q.15 C
Q.16 C Q.17 B Q.18 C Q.19 C Q.20 C
Q.21 D Q.22 C Q.23 B Q.24 B
EXERCISE-4
Q.1 C Q.2 B Q.3 D Q.4 D Q.5 B
Q.6 C Q.7 C Q.8 C Q.9 D Q.10 C
Q.11 A Q.12 B Q.13 C Q.14 D Q.15 C
Q.16 C Q.17 A Q.18 B Q.19 B Q.20 D
Q.21 C Q.22 C Q.23 B Q.24 B Q.25 C
Q.26 A Q.27 B Q.28 C Q.29 C Q.30 A
Q.31 B Q.32 D Q.33 C Q.34 D Q.35 B
Q.36 B Q.37 A Q.38 C
ASSERTION & REASON TYPE
Q.1 A Q.2 B Q.3 A Q.4 D Q.5 C
Q.6 B Q.7 B Q.8 B Q.9 C Q.10 C
Q.11 D Q.12 A Q.13 A Q.14 A Q.15 C
EXERCISE-5
Q.1 A Q.2 A Q.3 B Q.4 A Q.5 B
Q.6 B Q.7 D Q.8 B Q.9 C Q.10 A
Q.11 C Q.12 A Q.13 D Q.14 D Q.15 B
Q.16 B Q.17 A Q.18 C Q.19 A
43

Rotational Mechanics (NEET)

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ROTATIONAL MECHANICS

2. Exercise-1 (Board Level) 17 – 18

3. Exercise-2 (NEET Level) 19 – 27

4. Exercise-3 (AIPMT/NEET Previous Years) 28 – 31

5. Exercise-4 (AIIMS Level) 32 – 39

6. Exercise-5 (AIIMS Previous Years) 40 – 42

Pure Translational Pure Rotational Combined Translational and

Kinetic Energy of Rotating Body

M.I of continuous rigid body

Shape of Axis of Rotation Figure Moment of Radius of

(1) Circular Ring 1) Passes through the centre

2) About its Diameter in its (1/2)MR2 R / 2

3) About a tangential axis 2MR2 2R

(2) Circular disc 1) Passing through the centre

3) About a tangential axis 5 5

4) About a tangential axis

3) Hollow Cylinder a) about its geometrical axis

(4) Solid Cylinder A) About its geometrical

B) About an axis passing

C) About the diameter of one LR   O

(5) Solid Sphere A) About its axis OR

Parallel axis Theorem

Perpendicular axis theorem

USE OF MOMENT OF INERTIA :

Rotation about fixed axis

Simultaneous spin and orbital motion

Relation between Torque and Angular Momentum

Table :Analogy between Rotational Dynamics and Linear Dynamics.

How to find the position of ICR

Trajectory of a point on a periphery of the wheel is a cycloid

 cos t î  sin t  ĵ v2

Kinematics of Boby in pure Rolling

Written at contact points where no slipping takes place.

Write contraint equation for following exmaples:

Friction and rolling

Rolling with sliping

Case-I Vcm > R

Case -2 Vcm < R

ROLLING ON THE INCLINED PLANE :

Q.3 Define moment of inertia ?

Q.5 Define radius of gyration.

Q.7 What is torque? Give its SI unit.

Q.17 Define angular momentum.

Q.18 Which physical quantities are represented by the following ?

Q.19 Which physical quantities are represented bythe following?

Long Answer Type Questions: [04 Mark Each]

EXERCISE-2 (AIPMT Level)

Q.2 The moment of inertia of a body depends upon -

ML2 2ML2 ML2

(A) I1+I2 (B) I3 + I4 (C) I1 + I3 (D) all of above

TORQUE AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM

Q.46 Torque/moment of inertia equals to

(A) J (B) J (C) J (D) J

Q.69 Aparticleofmass m is describingacircularpathofradius rwithuniformspeed.IfListheangularmomentum

EXERCISE-3 (AIPMT Previous Years)

(A) remain constant (B) increase by a factor of 2

EXERCISE-4 (AIIMS Level)

7ML2 9ML2 5ML2 3ML2

TORQUE AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM

(A) 2 mg/3 (B) mg/3 (C) mg (D) 4 mg/5

(A) linear momentum of system (ball + rod) is conserved.

Reason : In pure rolling work done by friction is always zero.

EXERCISE-5 (AIIMS Previous Years)