TRUGING DALHQC CONG NGHIEP TP. HO CHI MINH KHOA CONG NGHE BIEN GIAO TRINH CUNG CAP DIEN BIEN SOAN; BO MON CUNG CAP DIN LUU HANH NOI BO TP.HCM THANG 8 NAM 2008TRUONG DALHOC CONG NGHIEP TP, HO CHE MINH KHOA CONG NGHE DIEN GIAO TRINH CUNG CAP DIEN BIPN SOAN; BO MON CUNG CAP DIEN LUU HANILNOLBO IPICM THANG 8 NAM 2008CHUONG I: KHAI QUAT VE HE THONG CUN CAP DIEN OL THIEU VE HE THONG CUNG CAP DIE Hé thong nang Iugng ki tip hyp ede nha may dign, Ludi dign va Ludi nhigt durge ndi vii nhau, 66 lién hé mat thiet, lién tue feng qua tinh san xudt, bién déi va phin phdi dién va nhiét Hé théng dign Hi Li hé théng nang hrong khong 66 léi nhigt, Hay mdi edeh Khe, he thong dign 1a hé thdng bao gim ede khdu sin suit, truyén tii, phin phdi vi cung dign dén ede ho Ueu thu, Ching ta xet mot hé thong dign tng quit, nhur hinh vé dud diy OD vf} tram during, tram ing dp day ha ap Neudn He théng truyén Phy tai dign tii (hd tigu thy) Minn 1.6: Hg tndng cung op aig, (1) Nha miiy dign: Nha miy dién bién déi céie ngudn nding lug gid...) thanh nding Ingng dign dé phat len hé thong dign, Do di méy phat trong nhi may dign, théng thrdng ed gid tr] thap (vi dy 13.8 kV), kl hop cho vige truyén tai dign nang, nén phai str dung eae may bi dign dp In cae gis tr] dign ap truyén tai HOkY, 220kY, so cdp ( nude, nhiét dip phat ra etia cae 2 phi Ap tang, ap dé nding (2) HG théng teuyén tai La hé thing bao gm ede duimg diy cao dp vi edie tam trung gian, lién kel tat ea ede nguin dign vei nhau, Dign ap tuyén tai 66 gid wi Kim, vi du 6 Viet Nam la 110, 220, SOOkV, nham mue dich ting kha nang truyén ti vi giam tn that dign nang trong hé thong, Gitta hé thong truyén tai va phan phoi dirge lign ket voi nhi t tram trung gian. (3) Hg théng phiin phdi: li hé thang bao gém ede ete duéng diy phin phdi, e6 ep dign dp 15. 22, 35kV: ede tram bién ap phin phdi 6 {7 s6 bién ap (wong dng Ha 15, 22 35/04 kY( hode dign dp thir ep nho hon 1000V), vi cae duong diy ha ap 66 edp dign ap 0.4 KY. Hg thing cung cip dién, due gidi han trong gido tink, chi bao gdm khdu eudi cing trong hé thang dign. d6 1a khiu phan phdi vi cung cdp dign dén ho teu thu.2, NGUON DIEN Hign nay 26 nhigu phuong phip bién ddi ete dyn thay nding, nang lwong hat ohdn,.., Usdinh di phau; nha miy nbigt dign, thoy dign, dign didvel,,, nhung & nuve ta ngudn dign duge si nhigt dign va nha may thuy dign, lugng khae nhur nhigt ning, ‘Tén aha miiy | Cong aude age Mw) _| Tong cng sudt phit can toan b§ hg thong diga Vige Nw | 11340 | (Cag suit Lip dat eba ede abi may dign thuge EVN | 8822 | Nha miy thuy ign [ 4155 Hoa Bin 20 Vie Ba 120 Wi An | 30 1a Nhim - Song Pha | le? tite Mer | Iso Vinh Son I 66 taly 1 PH Son. Hinh 0 Him Thad Ba Mi 176 Huy dign abo | 16 Nha may nhigt dign than, | 1245 | Phi L uo Phi Lai 2 0) | Long Bi | 108 Ninh 1 100 | J may nhige dién dau (FO) 198 | Thu Dire | 16s | Cin the I a | | Tua bin khi (khit dw) 2939 [tsa ia | 389 | ni My 2-1 | m2 | Phi Mg 1 1090 Phi Mga 480 Tho Bac 18 | cha The 150) i | Dice 285 | Cing sufi tip dat eda ee IPP 2518 Hang (1 Coin wd tidt KE che wb wily dig tn STARZ ‘6 lig iia Tp dua Big Ie ViGt Nam — 30008 y dang sti dung & Vigt Nam, ehiing ta e6 cae logi nha on Phin loai cae nha may di sau Thuy y dign ct nude tip: Hos Binh, Thac Ba, Tri AnThuy dién edt nude cao: Thic Mo. Da Nhim. Vinh Sen, Nhigt digi Nhigt dign than; 1 phun than, tuabin cao ap. Rigng nha m tuabin trung ap, y Ninh Binh ki Nhigt dign diiu: cong suit nho, to hai trung dip. y cha yéu tir thé he FS-F9, Nha may dign Phi Mp mdi siy dung e6 mite d@ cng nghé eae eta the gid 2.1. Nha miy nhigt dign (ND) ign Lye Viet Nam pirat ed thé fi tude -bin hori. miy ivi thudmg ding unde -bin hoi Hui Ninic at nhicn phates nang tiga ait hugs dig nang, Hints 1.3: So dd nguyen bf i 9 nbige dign, Nhign ligu ding cho ede 10 hoi thong 1 than di xu. than iin, div mazdt hode cle khi d6t te ohién .... Cae 1 hoi ding nhien tiga than di Li 1 ghi -xich hoge 16 than phun, . than duge dim vio he thong ghi xich qua phéu, trong 1 66 ee din ony nude di duge Lye va xu ly hoa he dé Sng khong bj dn mon, Nho mhigt db trong lo, nude trong pian dng boc hoi bay lén binh chita (balon ), Hoi bao haa tron, halon di qua din dng qué nhigt va duge sy kho thanh her qui dan vio tude -bin. Hoi qué nhigt d§p vae cde edn tude -bin kee roto 3quay. May phat bién co ning thanh dign nang. suing binh ngumg duge kam lank vii nga 0 ba loc vii duge xtr ly Iai Qua bom 2, nude duge dua qua dim dng s inh thank chu trinh khép kin Tom li; nha may nhigt dign c6 2 pian ehinh: whi qua tude -bin, hoi qué nhigt se ade, nha bam 1 dura quai bé Maing, 1 higt thank nude ndng dua vie 1, © Gian may: bién doi nang lwong hoi qua nhigt vio tude -bin think eo nang, truyén qua my phat dé bign thin dign Vi hoi dua vio tude -bin déu ngung ww a binh ngimg 1 ngung hei, Higu suit Khong tir 30% dén 40% Nhat may nhigi dign 66 ging suit in thi higu suit edng eae. 1 miiy phat cdng suai dén 600 OOUKW, Neoitira edn eG nhit my nbigt dign, dong. ce so ep Ki may hoi mudhe, wo dign locd pom 1d heri va may hoi nude, Nhién ligu ding Id than khoang 11% va 22%,pham vi truyén tai dién ning trong ban kinh vai ¢ thuding La 220'V/ 380V. andy dign diezen 66 dong ex su ep la ding co diezen. Higu sult khoang 38% vai thoi gi 2 sual tir vai trim dén 1000K W, Ding cde chat dot quy nhu a ng duge si dyng rong rai, chit yéu ding kim ngudn dy phon, may 1 EH La ign n 86. Dign ap Thuting duge xy dyng gin ngudn nhign ligu, > Tinh link hogt trong, vin hank kém, Khoi dong. va) ang phy ti ebm + Tihsing say ra sy e6. + Didu chinh yr dong hos khé thye hig + Higu suat kém khoang tir 30% dén 40 = KhOi Lugny nhicn tiga tigu thy 1én, khOi thai Hint O nbigin moi truding, 2.2. Nhi Miy Thay Dign (TD) Ot loi ec 1 Irue mide bin dé phat ra dign, Nhu viy nA may thuy dign qui wink bien dda nhim sir dung nang luong ngudn nue kim quay g trinh thuy lg rng Vhuy ning > Co nang > Dign nang, H6 chita nue HiCéng suit nh miy thuy din duge sie dinh bei cong thie: P9,.81.1,.Q.1 (Mw), Prong dé Qh hirgng nude (m/s) , HE: 1a d6 cao Gt nue Gm), 1 higu suat tude bin Dong eo so eip hi tude -bin nude, ding co bien don; Si dye trye voi miy phil nude la Logi Nhl may thay dign e6 hai log la loa 66 dip ngan nude va Lowi ding ming din mune: Loai dip ngan: thuimg say dmg & nang con séng e4 lun lugng, nunde Kin nhumg dp dbe it. Dap way chin ngung séng dé lao dd chénh eh mye nude hai ben dip. Gian mvly va tram phn phoi ay ben eanh, tren dap. Dé bio dim mrde ding cho ed ndim, ce bé chin duge sdy dymg rit lim, Vi dy nhve; nha may thay dign Séng Da, Tr] An. Logie ming «i dng xfiy dung cr nhiing con séng ed hw li dée lon, Nude tr myeninie cao, quam dan lam quay tude Nguréri ta cding fip dé dy trie nude eho ed nam. nude iL nhung dé 1 elit ny” phat iy nhigt dign, nhit my thay dign re tir + 5 ) Kin. Tho gian khii dong nhanh (3/15) phat, vide didu chink phu tai dign nbanh ehong vi rong, Tuy nhién vdn div tr rat len, thei pian x4y dung liu. Vi viy song song vii vide xdy dyng cae nha may thuy dign, ta phai xiy dymg ede nha may nhigt dign e6 cong suat Lin nham thie day the dé dign khé hoa trong. ed nuréie Nha miy thiiy dign ¢6 die diém sau. + Phai c6 dia hinh pha hop va hrgng mura ddi dio = Vin dius ur sly dung In, thi gian siy dung kee dai, Vain hinh fink hogt: the gian Khoi hi dé doi vehi nhigt dién, d Jong va mang tai chi mét tir 3 dén $ phot. Trong, Khoi dong mt t6 may: phai mit 6 « & ics, © itxay ma syed, = Tw dong hod dé thyre hign, © Khong can tie nhdn bao quin nbien ligu. # Tligu sudt cao 85 + 90%, = Gid thanh dign nang thé Nh may thay dign Trj An (theo Tap Doan Dien Lire Viet Nam) Cong wink Thuiy dign Trj An oc Snyder kink t€ téng hep veil het him ve chink “5.inh |.8°Totn cain nhs miyThy dif Te] An 1/ San xmuit ihién voi sin heong trun bink «1.7 11 kWhinam 2/ Phuc vu céng tie thiy ning cho TPH Chi Minh va cde tinh mién Dong Nam b6 + Duy iri lucng nude xd ti thidu (trang bink 200 mi/gidy) phue vu cdng tde day man vet tue ee trong inite Kho & ving he hie, + Cat duge dink ti dé dam bao an todn cho ha leu wong mica Hi. Thong xd ky thugt Muc nude ding binh ducing, 62m Mice nurcre ica curing: 63,9 Mue nucre chet: 50m 2 Vice Ficrnye xc rede cr aneee nuedhc wi eueding Sie eee = 18. 450,00n0 8 — mas \ i ‘ Cae ca [Pung tc Wd ct, kn' See a Fon pin, 2.703,00 Hinu ich 2.547,00 Dap tran ain tir phies tineyng bow [Digna thele mas thadng he chew, kw! Odo cao mice nuetic ding, bink Winevinge 325 O-dé caw mice mde gia ewcdny 350 Daip wien shin te pha bg ew Hint 1.6 Dap ha miy thay dign Tr} Aw Serdé dign chink Diu noi dign diege duce hien béng sa dé khai : Mey phat - May bién the “6Tram phhin phi ngoti tdi 220K danse beat er i phat hénh chin ra, dire sue hign theo ser dé: hai thank edi tian vige ver mgt thank edi von, cb 3 phat mvén: 2 tuyén Trj An ~ Hée Mon vés 1 tuyén Tr] An» Long Bink. HG thong, te ditg, cua nha may gan 3 bien the kiéu TMI-4000/38-T1, come suet mot méy A000KVA, dién dp 13.8/6.3 kV tie KPY-ORV, ede tam bién thé 6,3/04kV cap nguan cho ple tal toan nl mei. He thang dién mot chiéu 220 KY gam 2 ram de aus, dung hegre mdi tram 630Ah, ding cha ete mach dieu khién, bao ve, tin hiéw vér duh sdng ste eo. Neodi ra con ed wam phin phéi ngodd wal TOKE Lith ket véi ram 220KV qua my bidn dp ne ngdn OIMVA ~ 20/11/0640, cone cap dicn cho dia pinecone, va néi ket vor Thu din Thac Me béng dicdng day 110KV Tr] An = Ding Xoai Ngodi ra con 2 during day 110KV Trj An» Dinh Qudn ver Tr An ~ Tan Hod. Cie thiét bj tw dong dam baw khet dng to may vee hud dién vie tect Hint 1.7 Trym phiiw phd ngoal trai 220kV trang Kunin 10-60 widy. Clie 16 miy lin vige of © dong didu chink cng sudt hitu cing va v6 e6n ‘| An duge thict ke dé ed thé chay ché dé bir Nyadi ché eles my pit, Thuy didn TH dang be hiy phiit dege cung cap dong kich tic hing ede bé chink leu Thyristor, theo nguven Ii ne hich song song, Dong: kich tie dinh mice eta may phhit la 1200 A 2.3. Nha may dign nguyén tir (NT) Minh 1.8: Sa dé sin suat dig nang cau nit may din nguyen UF -T-ugng nguyen ts duge str dung qua nhiét ning ta thu dye khi phi vo lin két hat nhdn nguyén cuit mt sO chit & trong, 1d phan dng ht nhin Nha maly dign nguyen te bi chit nha may dign nguyen Ui lk mGt nha duige thay bing 16 phan ang hat nb 2 trong lo phan ding hat nbn think dign nding, “Thue ny mbigt dign, nhumg 10 hes duge thay bing, bs hoi Dé ininh te hai eda ede tia phéng xa dén eGng nhdn Him vige & gian my, nhi may dign nguyén tir 66 hai duvdmg ving khép kin Dudng vong 1: gdm 1d phin img hat nhan | va cée Sng dan $ dQt trong 6 tao nhigt 4 Nho bom 6 nén co ap sudt 100at sé tun hodn chay qua cde dng cia 16 phan img va duge dét nong dén 270° C. Bd Ige 7 ding dé Ige ede hat ran e6 trong nude tude khi di vio Dudng vong 2: gdm bo trae nhigt 4, tude-bin 8, binh ngung 9 Nude lanh qua b trae Gi nhigt 4 sé hap thy nhigt va bidn think hei ed dp suse 12. nhigt dQ 260" C. Hoi wre nay lam quay tude -bin 8 va may phat 14, sau dé ngung dong Ii thank mrde & binh ngumg 9, duge bom 11 dua 6 ve bd trae doi nhigt, 30 % , e@ Higu suit eda cde nh may dign nguyen we hign nay khoang (20 sult dat dén 600 000K W Nha may dién nguyen ur e6 dje diém: - Kha ning kim vige doe Kip. Khdi ligne nhién ligu nhe, + Vain hinh tinh hoat, sir dung, dé th) phy tai te do. ~ Khdng thai khéi ra ngoni khi quyén Vin xdy dung lin, higu sudt cao hon nha may nid dién, 3. HE THONG TRUYEN TAL Nhw di winh bay 6 phin wen, hg théng truyén tai ki he théng gdm eae duimg diy eao ip va tam tung gian eo nhigm vy hg nang lugng dign tt ete nha may dign vi truyén tai dén hg thong phan phdi, Dé tim hiéu ehi tidt ve hg théng truyén ti sinh vign eG thé tham khio ee i ligu vé hg thong dign, 6 di ta chi dé cap dén mot sé khi anh sau Minh 1.9-Tram S00kY Phd Lim Nuudin : Top dean Digu Lye Vigt NamDiving diy S00kV Bibe — Nam: M1 sw kif 6 ¥ nghita ewe A} quan trong danh dw mor bbe pinit irién ei he thong truvén tai Viet Nam, db li veo thing 4/1992 Bang vo Nha Nude quvér dinh say dung he thong til dién SOOKY Bac Nam di qua 13 tinh - shanh phd, hinh dhinh lebi dign quéc ja lién kér he thdng dién ba mién Bée-Trung-Nam va Tay Nunven, thong nhdt eet dign qude gia, teo ra inde dot phd trong vide cany edp dién phue vy swe nghigp cong nghiép hoa ~ hen dai hoa, tao ray nghia kink t Kink (6 cia ca metic, chil ti kin cho vige pit tridn Hib 1.10. €6C vA dung dy teuyen tai Navin : Top doan Dign Lge Vist Nam 3.1. Dae diém hé théng truyén tai hg thang dign Vigt nam So dé phin edp didu dO hg théng digm wwe SRTGee oe ce NAD Kg tna gavin ce ihn Lin in 220k Tran ap tring a Iain vst ‘ I ‘Cie NMA i pe [Ce BI abs pasa nh eng PsakY phan ‘ou dig 220 cho doit ie is phan as Cane sa vo cong NM Kha ‘cago ty dig (Ca bor dang ec tom Dre, ft ov sie eae pon ew gywmm, (bau © Mink 111 Se db phin ep didw a9 hg thing dign Naud: TOp doin Digm Lye Vigt Nam 0.atte rat eng op ain So dé HTD truyén tai ea Vigt Nam: Hint 1.12 Su dd ne ohn trayen gd VA Na Nubia: Top dan gn Lage ¥igt Nam -10-Gli teint cag, ip din Thong sé eda HTD truyén tai Vigt Nam, tinh dén n’im 2008, duge cho trong, bang “ [ie 1 [lang chide div dutng diy S00 kV (ky TD 2 [Pong chide dav dudnp dy 220 KY Chmy a07 | 3 [Pony chigu dit dung day 110 KY Cem) To96t 4 [Tone sd tram BA SOO RV iW 5 [lone dung Krone lip dat TRA S00 KV (MV A) 70a 6 [lone sd wan BA 220 kV 48 7 ung, lung Kip di TBA 220 KV (MWA) 13502 8 sd tram bin ap TORY ile 9 dung ligng lip dat TRA T10 RV (MIVA) T6219 Thane 12 Than We ta a Sd ign cea Tp din Big tae Rt Narn 2008 3.2, Mot sd dic tinh ky thugt trén hg théng truyén tai, a, Chudl str 86 bit cach dign eta mot chudi str, duge sae dinh| theo cong thite sau diy dl “"p Teng ds nie 80 bait str tron Ot chudi sir. di: tidy chudn ding re tya cho iy bing JomnvkV doi vei mdi trum bin thing, OMNVKY di VOL mdi truomg 6 hig he, 2Smav/k¥ doi vei modi trudng 6 nhiém , 31mmv/kV Oi vii mdi trudmy 6 nhiém ning hay gin bien. Ungst Did m vide tin nhdt eta duding diy. kV. D: Chiu di dirimg ro cua mot bait edieh ign, lity theo s6 Figu ctr MOL Aha ché tao. ap day Minh 111.18 M64 chad st gb hid Nunn : Top dain Dign Lye VIEL Na b. toan dwing diy din dign trén khong, Jan Lang bite vg 4 V¢ an toan edi dign eno ap quy dinh nhu sau Neghj dinh 106 cua chinh phu vé join duéng day din dign trén khong 1. Hanh lang bao v@ an toan eiia duong day dan dién wen khong. la khoang khong zian doe theo durime day vi dirge pitti han nhur sau; Diéu 4. Hanh lang bao vgGia trinh cung edp din a) Chiéu dai hanh lang duge tinh tr vj wi duéng day ra khoi tanh tram nay dén vj tri dudng diy di vo ranh gidi bao vé ctia tram ke tiep. bilo vg eta é hai phia cia Bvt mdi by Chidu rong hinh lang duge gidi han boi hai mat thing ding v during day, song song voi dung day, cé khoaing cich tr dé phia khi day 6 trang thai tinh theo quy din trong bang, sa big ap | en 22 kW SSKV woe | 220 bY | S00 KY Diy tye [Diy in | Diy ye Diy ln i Khang : sn \ wae | iom | adm | ism | 30m | tom | Bang 13 Chide rOng an oan biob lang ©) Chidu cao hinh lang duge tinh tir diy mong et dén diém cao nhit cia cong trinh cong thém khoding each an toin theo ehicu thing ding quy dink trong Buin 10m 0 nom La Chidu cao an toa awh bang Den SEV [Hea tos | 220 WY [soo ky 2. Hanh king bao vé an todn ede loai eap dign di irén mot dit hoge treo tren khong la khoang khéng gian doc theo dudng cip dign va duge gidi han vé ede phia la 0,5 m tinh tr mat ngoai cha sgi cap ngodi cane, vé qua dige ap, adi ake Dudng diy ruydn tai (dign Ap HOKV to Ken) phai duge bao ve khoi set dinh inye tigp sudt chidu dai during day, trir mot sd dogn tuyén dac bigt khong, bd tri duge day chéng sét, Doan tuyén nay phai eo bign phap chong set khie b6 sung. Phai thy hién ndi dat tai cit ca, cOt bé tong cét thép cua dung day truyen t cou thep va Jiy truyén tii phai nl Dign tro ndi dit eva be théng ndi dit dud » hon gid trj cho. trong bang sau: atin cen Dien suit eta dit p (im bu 100 en 10 Tren 100 én $00 Is Tren 200 én 1000 2 Tren 1000 ten $000 “0 ren S000 e1u's Hing, 1.5 Gia orf diga tro ni de (hing 8. Quy phym trang bj didnGilda trink cum ody didn 4. HE THONG PHAN PHOL Hé théng phin phdi la hé théng dién e6 diy trung dip, ede tram bien ap phiin phoi, pdign ap Wi hued hg SkV. Boo gom cde duty, 4.1, Dudng diy trung sip Dudéng day trung ap thong thudng cé dign dp 1SkV ( khu vue TPS Chi Minh ) va 22, 45 kV (Cae khu vue khie ) During diy trung dp nhdn dign tr ede tram trung gian_ va phin phdi dign ning cho ede tram bién dip phan phai Sei ee Tt a U Hinh 114 Duong diy trang tnd a, Sit eden dign : C6 2 Logi sit: str ding va so reo. Sir treo ; Dimg dé cAng day, dimg day, Str dung tai ede vj iri dimp, poe. Str dig : Dung dé do day. | 4 TATE 58 | ee | Vy ay and_ {lta teiuh cumg cp dln - ding ty cic diém poe Minh 116 Si ireo trong the b. Try di Tong thye té, tn ti 3 loal wu dign bé ting. | Bé téng cét thép : La lo; suidt iru thong thudny, ef, high gid’ khong eOn sin Bé ting ly tm (BTL) : Bue quay li tim trong eng dogn tron bé ting Bé tng ly tim dj dng lye: Cong thep. two tng s khi quay Ii tm, La ogi e6 chit lugng. tt nha, Cie cong doan sin xudt cia mot try dign BYLT dj tiny tec nhw sau (Cang ty Cé Phan Be Tong Ly Tam Thi Bite 2) lip vio khudn trurse (tien dip) tine Fao khung theGitty trinh cuny edp dign Nap bé tong, Cang thép : -15-Gio trial cumg edp die di thir nghigm gid hai logi tru dign BTL va BULT dj ting Ive: NG LUC TRY BELT UNG Bang so sanh két q PY LUC KEO DAU TRY TRY BILT KHONG Ahi chura bie dung lye re I C6 vai vd nit khivdinchuyen — Khdng e6 wet nit 2 Le wie dung © 7: 50 vet nin rong O.10mm Khong e6 vet nin Fhe tie dune 100%P° 100 vet nist ning O.25mm > vet nt Any 0.05mi 4 Lue tie dune 100% 100 vec nuit rong 030mm 3 vet nit rong 0.1 3mm 5 Tra Iwe bie dying 802 vet nit drys O.0Smum Khong es wét net Nhu véiy . xét vé khii nding chiu tye try dign dng Ive tude hen hin try khong ting Ive trudge , Hon nda xét ve mat kinh té coe img Ive tude gia thanh thap hon vi su: dung duye loai thép eudng dO cao (thép cwdny dé cao. R= 14200 kglens ; thép thiedng R= 2800 ke/ene? ) nen lan gidm trong, hrgng thép ding ké so yi sit dying, thép thudng ding nghia vei vige gidm gid thank cua try, ¢. Day dain: Gém 6 rit nhiéu lowi diy din, tay theo timg trudng hyp cu thé, ching ta s¢ chon loai day din Weng tng. DAY DONG TRAN XOAN Ky higu : Theo TCVN li C. Hinh 1.17 Cw tyo diy déng tin xoia » Cadivi DAY NHOM TRAN XOAN Ky hi Theo TCYN li heo IEC & ASTM li AAC. Vai ede ving ven bién hay ede mién khéng khi e6 tink an mén kim load, diy nhém rd vs durge dign diiy: mi trung tinh ehiw nhiet e6 nhigt dO chay Biot hong durti 120°C Toy mie dO che phu cua md , diy ed ede logi sau: minh hoa theo hinh sau: Alla: A/Mz; AKP va duge Hint 1,18 fu ego day ahd eda sulin Calivh “16°DAY NHOM LOI THEP Ky higu : Theo TCVN li As: theo IEC & ASTM la ACSR: theo GOCT la A Tai cae ving ven bién hay khong khé e6 inh an min kim loai, day nhom loi thép tran se duge dién diy mor teung tinh ehju nhigt e6 nhidt dO chay gigt khong. dudi 120°C Tiiy mire dO che phi ACSR/IIz; ACK? va durge eS eS am my . diy ed load sau: ACSR/L2z: ACSR/Mz: nh hou theo hinh sau: Minh 1.19 Ch tye diy nbn HO thép = Colle DAY NHOM LOI THEP BOC PVC ASV Dy nhdm Joi thep , each dign bling ala PVC, di 2 dé truyén tai, phiin phdi dign. dign ap 1.8/3G,6) KV . did kign ip dated dinh, Nhigt do Lam vige dai han eho phép déi v6i diy 18 70°C Minh 1.20 Chu 190 day ahd 1a hep bge PVE: Caan CAP TRUNG THE Cap tung thé eo ding dé truyén tai, phan phdi dign, cap dign ap 12/20024)KV pdt tren eG ¢ dai hyn eho phep déi vii edip 1a 90°C. Nbigt d6 | Cau (go edip. Rugt din : sgi ding cig (hoe soi nh can ép cho, . . Man chin rugt : 4 mot lop boe bing XLPE ban din Lép eaeh dign : bing XLPE Min chin cich dign fer mdr lip hoc bang XLPE ban dan V6 bing PVC hoje HDPE m cig). xodin dong tim, khéngede trian cue cap ten im arveniians ~p4 ls] sided needed ME Zabie 21 Cap teung thé Cadivi 4.2. Cac tram bidén ap phan phéi IBA phan phéi la tram 66 MBA Ive bién déi dign dip se cap tir TkY dén 35kV sang dign ap thir cp c6 dign ap ~ 35kV TBA phan phdi duge trinh bay chi tidt trong chvrong 4, 4.3. Lindi ha thé a. Ludi dign ha thé phan phdi néng thon Ddi vei ede ving néng thon, ving sia. ving sa, heii ha thé sir dung day A ( day nhom). AY (diy nhOm bos ). M ( day ding), CV (diy déng boe ). Cot sth dung, loai Ot be tng, sit, wd... Déy ding bee CV Mint 1.22 Day dong bee CV- Cuaivi - Diy dign Iue rudt dong ciich d w kign lap dat c6 djnh | dign Ive rugt dong ky higu ld CV - Nhigt dd lim vige dai han cho phép dai vei day Ii 70°C | Cong to dign duge lip tyi tirng nha din hode tip dt trye tiép tr thy duge bao vg chi yéu bing cdu chi. Dae diém ; khéng an toan, khong dim bio kg th bang nhya PVC, ding dé trayén uli, phan phdi try hy Gi, khong €6 my gq) “18+Gide teint cung clip alien S i & Hop ede eho gla aint BAY DAN VA HOP cONGTS * da ech ma ak, Minh 1.23 Se 40 tdi ign ning thon, b. Luwéi dign hg thé phan phdi thank phd 14i veri cde thanh phd lén, thj xa, th) tedn, lwéi ha thé su dung clip ABC lip tran try bé tng ly tim, str dung hép Démini6 c6 lip CB tép bao vé cho timg hd. Hink 1.24 Seb bit alfa thank phd Cap ABC duge Kip trén try hg thé bing cac logi kep chuyén dyng ; kep treo cap. kep ding cap, -19-dp aitn Cai ndi IPC chuyén dung d cap ABC 6 dae diém kin nude, thao tae duge khi van cé dign. Die didi ha thé ABC : = Ciip van xean hg thé rugt nhOm . eich dign bing XLPE ding dé trayen tai, phiin phdi dign . cép dign Ap 0.6/1kY, treo wen khong ng dé ni ctia efip = Nhigt dé him vige dai han cho phép ddi vai cap ta 80°C. Cu wo edp nhom ABC ; 1. Kidu : Todn 66 edp ebju ive eng do, bang nau i pha va Lung inh eG kich thude Cheh dign : XLPE voi ang sudt ko t6i du dé 6 thé truyén qua phin edeh dign XLPE tai kep cding 1 40 MPa, 3. Dang ruét din: sgi nhém xodin déng tim v: ep chat, 4. Vat ligu eda rugt dain : Nhom voi site Keo dit wi thigu 18 140 Mpa S$. Danh déu mét teém ep : Oi trung tinh duge dinh sé theo chidu dai cap . eich khoang | me danh diu mét duge gidi han trong 6 chit sé vi chidu dai e 6 thé bat dau tai s6 bat ky. Cap dirge cudn 1én ture voi sé thip nbd tai du eudi trong wre, 6. Nh§in dang Ii a. Bang win: ede gin lign tue doe b. Bang sé ; ede sé mau ng in doe cap . cfich khoang didi 100mm c, Bang 3 soe m: Hint 1.28 Cap hg thé ABC 220.5. HO tidu thy Pay theod6 tin cay cung edip di 5.1, HO du thy logit Nhimg ho vicu thy dign ama khi eu p dién bi gi anh hurong dén an ninh Quée gia. anh huang dén ede co quan trons y nude, gay nguy hiém ehét ngudi, tan that nghiém trong ve kinh té hode thee nhu edu cap dign die tet khach hang, Vi dy ede hé titu thy loai Ls bénh vin. ede dai str quan, eae van phong ay ban nhiin din ede thinh phé Is ciie h6 tid thy durge chi 119 tigu thy dign logi | phai duge cung cap dign bang it nhat 2 ngudn eung edp dign ge lap va MOL NEMA dy Phong tai ehd. Chi due phép nglng eung ep dign trong thei giun ty dong déng ngudn dy phong, Neudn dién dy phong tgi ché co thé [i tram e6 dinh hode lu dong es miy phat dign hoge bo hu dign UPS, 5.2. HO ti thy logi I joan hoat dong binh thudng eu Vi du ede ho tiGu thu foal I: sueng ahudm. 10 luyén thep, him th bia, 119 tidu thy dign loai 1 phai duge cung edp dign bing it nhat mot ngudn cung edip chinh va mot nguon dy phong, dirge phep aging cung eip dign wong thes Jet dé dng, agudn dye phone. 5.3, HG tu thy log: Theo quy pham trang bj dign. hg 1 thy logi HIE: khu ¢ uthy logi HE: Khéng thude logit va I. Vi dy edie hd ti n cur, trod, hoe Hig tiéu thy dign loai HT duge phép ngimy cung efip dién trong thévi gian sta chow hode str ly are).CHUONG II: TINH TOAN PHU TAI DIEN 1, KHALNIEM VE TINH TOAN PHY TAI Frong XN e6 rit nhiéu logi may khac nhau. véi nhigu cong nghé khae nhau: trinh dG str dung cfing rit khae nhau cing veri nhieu yéu 16 khade déin ti sy tidy thy eéng suit cla cde thiet bj khéng bao gid bing edng suit dinh mire eva ching, m cuit dinh Nhung mat khic ching ta lal clin ste dink phy ai dign, Phy tai dign la mot nhieu yéu 16 theo thir gian PC). va-vi vdy ching khong tudn thi mot qui lua » Cho nén vide sie dinh duge ching lit rit kho khan, Phy ti dign Ii Li MOt thong s6 quan trong dé a chon ete thiét bj cos HED, Cong. sual ma Li xe dinh duge bang edich tinh (oan poi Hi phy tii Linh ton PU, Neu Py Pye 2 Thidt bi nau gidm tdi the. ed thé chiy nd, Néu Py =P iygexe > Lang phi Do dé da e6 rit nhiéu e6ng trink nghién ecu nhiim xae dinh PUL sit nhiit veri Pte te, Chu yéu thn tai 2 hom phuomg phap Nhom phuong phap dua trén kink nghigm vgn han. thi duge 1 lyi bang hé 86 tinh ton (dae diém eda nhom phuong phap nay ki: Thun k cho vige tinh toan nhanh chéng dat ket qui, nhunmg thumg che ket qua kém ehinh xiie Nhom thir 2. Li nhom phuong phap dya trén co ser ena ly thuyét xe suit va thang ke (co ru diém nguye Igi voi hom tren Id; Cho ket qua Kh ch eh tinh [ai kh phure tap ). 2, DO THE PHY TAL 196 thj phu tai lit mOL ham durge bigu dign sy thay d6i eta ph thude vio ede yéu 16 nhur: dae digm qui trinh cong nghé, eh nh xiie, Xone ca tai theo thi gi dO véin han né phu €6 trong qua trinh thiét ké eung efip 146 thj phy tai la théng s4 rit quan trong cin pha 4 ti va van hanh hé thing dién, né cung cip cho ngudi thidt ké cde thong s6 vé phy ti cite mde thoi gian xc dink Ptkw) so? HW e202 BA Tio) 22-14 ct phy wil Theo myc dich sir dung ; d6 thi phy tii tie dung PC). dd thi eéng sudt phan khang O10. da thi dign nang tigu thy AQ),Theo thir gian dé khao sit thi ta e6 dé thi phy tai hang 1 iy. dd thi phy tii mim. 21. bd 1 tii hing ngay: Pukw) Os 7 tw 20 2 ow tein) Hinh 2.2 Bd thj phy tii npay J>6 th) phu tai hing ngay: (eda nhém, phan xuOng hode etka todn xi nghigp) thuadmg, duge xét viii ehu ky thivi gian 1a mOt ngay dém (24 gid) va e6 the sae din theo 3 eich, Bang dung eu do tyr dong ghi iyi Do nan vien rye ghi lai sau nhang pity nbdt dink Bidu dién theo bie thang, ghi yi gid Ur] tung binh trong nhong khodng nhit inh 196 th) phy tai hang ngay cho ta bidt tinh tang lam vige ea thiét bj dé tir do sap xép lai hyp ly mbt, no con lam edn eif dé tinh ehon thigt bj, tink dign nang Ce thong s6 die (rung eta dé thi phu tii hing ngity Phy tad eye digi Py, ¢ Qinas Hg 86 eOng suit eyre dai COS LONE INE VEE LO a” Que Pras Dign ning the dung, phan khang ngdy dém A [kWh]: Ae[kVArh] Hg sd cosy, wong ting voi tgp, Ar/A 2.2. Dd thj phy tai nam : gdm 2 load a. DS th] phy tai hing thing Paw ThingDB thj phy tai hang thing durge tinh theo phy tai trung binh cia thing, Dé thi phy tai hang thang cho biét mic do tigu thu dign nang ciia h6 tiéu thy xay ra ting thang trong T nim. Qua dé ¢6 thé dinh ra lich sta chia bao tri bao duding thiet bi dign mot each hop ly kip thai phat hign ra eac hur hong true khi xay ra sur cb dé dap img y 2 edp dign ning cho hi tiéu thy. b. Dé thi phy tai theo bac thang. Dé thj phy tai theo bie thang duge ign yy dung tren ecr s6 eda dé thi phy tai ngay dém hinh (thudng chon | ngiy dién hinh vio mita déng va m6 ngdy vao mia ha) Paw) Paw) Pk) 7 Wie we 20 a2 © Dime We SE i thi ph tai mpiy im Db th} phy tai ney mht ‘Dd 1hj phy tai nai vige( 300 ngay) (65 ngiv) Hinh 24 Dd thj phy tai nam theo ngiy Dé th phu tai hang nam cho bi trung binh cia ho tigu th link duge céng suat cua n dung va tigu hao dign nang. 3. CAC DAI LUQNG CONG SUAT VA CAC HE SO PHY TAL 3.1 Dai lngng cng suit thir gian str dung eGng suit Kin nhat, nh nhat hode chiém hét bao nhiéu ther Qua dé €6 thé wy bién ap. chon dtrge cac thiet bj dign, dinh gid mire d6 sir a. Cong suit djnh mire Sng suat dink mer eh Cong sudt dat Py — cong suat du vao dong co: ka eGng suat dign cap cho dong co dé dong car hoat déng di dinh mize, c dong, sin trong ly’ lich hay trong nhan, ig suat co trén trye dng eo. dure nha ché tgo 2) Voi 9) <1 1a higu suat cia déng co b, Cac thiét bj lam vige ngiin han Hip lai sae thiét bi Lim v Khi tinh toan phy ¢ 6 ché do ngan han nhu cau truc, may bién ap hin, thang ai dign phai quy doi vé ché dé lam vige dai han =24-nop [eat f, nfm (2.2) Vai bg % Mi he 6 dng dign phan tim i ©. Thidt bj 1 pha trong ludi dign 3 pha Cae thiét bj | pha duge coi Li phin bé déu trén 3 pha ndu ; CS phiin bé khing déu < 15% Téng CS phan bé dé Khi ede thiét bj 1 pha phan bé khong déu thi phai quy déi thanh phan phan bé khong dé | pha vé edng sua 3 pha Khi sé thiét bj ft pha <3: Vhigt bj ndi vio dign sip pha 3P, 2.3) Thiet bj ndi vw dign dip diy Boast = VR on 4) Khi sé thiét bj t pha > 3: P=3max {Pra Pops Pye) (2.8) Trong d6. cae thanh phiin duge tinh theo cong thite Pea Pab,plabya + Peapteada + Pao Py > Pha.ptbayh + Pbe.pibeyb + Pho Pic Pebiplebie + Pea.pleaye + Peo Vi Prats Paso Pheare : Mi ede hé x6 qui déi duge tra bing sau ] | 1g sb quy ai Hg sé cng suit cua phy tai cos. @ - os | Od | 05 | 06 | 068 | 07 | Oe 1 por), pce j,i), ta | iat) to) ogo | axa | ogo) a a Plabj,pCbe) ue}, 4 17) | Ott | 0.16 | 020 | 028) 086 lab), qibeh.qiea), 126 046 | 058 | 038 | 020 | 022 | o.09 | 0.05 at AI 1 A AHME 245) Lad 116 | 0.96 | O88 | O80 067 0.59 ‘| I | | | Bang 2.1 Hg 56 quy déi ding dé tink che thinh phn khéng déi sing, 3.2, Cée Logi phy tai a. Phy tad trung bin 1 Pap Jrtna (2.6) -25-Phy tii eye dyi i ewe dai Pyygy fa tri sd lon nat trong cde te] 56 tung binh dmg vei mot thoi gian khao sit C62 dang phy tai eye dyi tii duge xe djnh tong shang khoang thoi gian Phy tai eye dai dai hon 1a ph 30°, 60°",,, Dang dé Iya chon eve phan ur cung cap dign theo didu kién phat nong, ph ra dao dong did i dink nhon trong khodng thi gian 1°, 2°. Phy tii eye doi ngdin han — ha ‘ip trong lei dign, ehyn diy din vo. Phy tai dinh nhon ding dé kiém iia cau chi ¢. Phy tai tinh toan Phy tai tinh ton La phy tai gi vé mat higu rng nhigt ken nat, hide i Khdng dai, twomg dong vii phys tai thye t& Tuong quan pita phy tai tinh todn va ede logi Pooh el, (27) Chon thidt bj dign theo phy tii tinh todn thi bie skim an toin vé mat phat nding iron (qua trinh yin hin 3.3 Cae hé sd phy tii Hg Hg s6 str dung la hé s6 gitta phy tii tie dung trung thiét bj sf sik dung dit dink mite ela nh va cong Dai vei 1 thidt bi Po (2.8) Gi mhom thist bj Dh kn Eru aay) b. Hg sé dong dign He sd ding di Khao sit ctia thigt bj | bi viri | thidt bj gy ata (2.10) Dodi vai nom thidt bj = 26-Quay 1G 84 phy tai Hé $6 phu tai Li ti s6 gira cong sual trung binh trong thi djnh mite di veri 1 thidt bi © jan déng dign va cong sud ra rat la ka ath pty yall 2.12] tM Te pte ON k k ut (2.13 « k, (2.13) DSi veri nhom thiét bi K K, = 2.14) mK, ¢ di. Hg sb eye digi Heé sd eye dyi li ti sé gitta cong sudt tie dung tinh toan va cdng sudt tie dung trung binh ciia nhém thiét bj trong thoi gian khao sat Kyeo! 15 wep (2.18) gian Khao sit 1a thor mang ti lon nhdit Hé 86 cue dai phy thuge s6 thiét bj higu qua npg. hg 36 sur dung Kg theo cde bang tra, Ky =HK om, (2.16) e. Hg s6 nhu edu Hé s6 nhu edu li ti sé git eng suit tinh todn bj ai cdg suit dinh mie cia nhém thie P, K, = 2.17] r (17) Méi quan hé gitta Kye ¥a KM Kea Ba By Bur (2.18) é sd déng thoi ciia ede nhém thidt bj Hé sé ding thai ndi In mie do ddng thoi Lim vige cha nhom ede thidt bj. Hg sé déng thoi 1a ti sO gia phy tai tinh todn cue dai tong cua cde nhém thiét bj va téng © phy tai tinh todn ea nhdm thiét bj d6, cae =27-G1) Theo quy pham trang bj dién Viél Nam, hé 96 déng thai trong mot sé trudme hep duge iw djnh thes 1.2.49 Hé sé déng thai tinh toan phy tii cho ede hg tiéu thy thu Phy tai chiéu sing cing cong | Ky | Phu tai sinh hoat : Ky = 0.9 Phy tai thuong mai, dich vy, van phong : Ky = 08S Phy tai ticu tha céng nghigp : Ky ~ 04. 3.4 Sb unit bh H quad coy MOT Ahem thiet bi 1a sd Thiet bi dign gid thict co ching e6nge dg Lim vige ma ching gdy ra mot phy tii tinh todin, bang phy tii tinh nhom thiét bj ¢6 dd thi phy tai khong gidng nhau vé eng sudt va ehé do lim S86 thigt bi his fit, cling €| 86 thidt bj hi€u qua eua nhém gom n thiet bj duge xae dinh theo ebng thire ehinh xe or nya : 20) Lr Leia Khi s6 thict bj trong nhom lon, sie dink theo m, theo eéng thie chink wae tren thi khdng thuan lai. Khi dé, ta sae dinh npg theo phuong phap géin dang a, Khisé thigt bj trong nhém 24 va thon diéu kigns mn Pisin oy Pos Thing O2n b. Khim Kg < 0.2 1, Xée dinh ny : 86 thidt bj c6 cdng sult (4) P, 2. Xie dinh Py : cong suit etia my dng eo tren hdr 3, Xie dinh ete ti sé he? Sw nee e235) SY 4. Tra hig sie dink dirge npge theo ne vii Pe hoje sile djnh theo ebng thie sa 0.93 3, . 2.24 thy ey Gay a (2.25) Cho phan xwong, site chita cot khi su | ren uniéeny | sd tuymy | raw [ket cop i May tign 1 10.65 O14 06 2 May tigh 2 15.05 O14 0. 4 Magy Khon 1 22 2 06 4 Miy phay i 60 osx | a6 5 May phay 1 63 os 6 “ Miiy phay 1 BA O13 06. 1 May nai 1 06 012 6 x May dow 1 18.05 our 06 Nic dinh sé thiét hj higu qua etc nhém cae thiet bj t Thea cong tute chink xde Thew cong tite yin ching 4. CAC PHUONG PHAP XAC BINH PHU TALTINH TOAN 4,1, Xe dinh theo suat phy tii cho 1 don vj dign tich Bane (2.26) “2.Trong do ; yy suit tigu thy wén Emm sin sud — kwémm2, FP: Dign tich sain suit Git tri Pu 66 thé tra trong s6 tay, Gis tri Po ea tine WO ” vadn hiinh théng ké lai ma 6, Phuong php nay ehi cho két gut win ding. vi voy no thug duge dune tong dogn thiet ké sor bd, N6 cing durge diing dé tinh phy tai cae phan xromg e6 mat do may mode san xult wrong déi déu, thy do kinh n Vidu Xde dink phy tai cho I trwing hoc gam 2 king, mai tin phing cé dién tich 80m2, y gdm 6 phdngy hae. mot Cho Po = wind. cose 0.8, Cho cée phong cb he se dong thei le 0.8, cae tang 66 hé sé ding thd a 0.9 4.2, Xiie djnh theo suit tiéu hao dign ning trén | don yj sin phim AM 1 p, 2.27) Trong dé: bos ti wkWh ws Irn TL don vj sain ph ign ni B M: San hrgng hing nam Tay: Tho gian st dung edng sudt fon ohdt hang nam cho eée thiét bj dign e6 db th) phy tai it bién ddi nh : 46 dé thj phy tai trung binh vi ket qua tinh Phuong phap nly dirge tinh tod qual gid, bom nude, 1 tuong déi chinh Vidu: Nae dinh phy tai tony (dong hee va chien sing) cho F xinghi¢p san xudt xe dup - Xi nghigp co san teang 1 van chiée/ nam, bg ~ 200 kwh / xe, Tyg — S000, cosp-O.8 +» Dign tich xf nghiép 20840m2, suit pha tai ehidu sing L2w/nd, dé huinh quans: ed cosp-O.8 4.3. Xée djnh theo suit phy tii eho 1 phan tr Pos pill (2.28) rong do Po: sudt phy tai cho 1 phiin tir w/ phan tir Is ui trong he thing, 30.Chi yéu jp dng cho tinh ton phy tai eta ede chung eu. Khéich syn, bénh vign.... 66 phy tai ca ting phan ti li nhw phau va da biét cng suit cho mot phan tr, Vidus Xde dink phi tal cho chung ew 4 tang, mdi ting mudl ean hé mite song wong binh , eb Py = 2 KWL RO, cos =O.85 Cho ede phony cb hé vb déng thet 180.2, cée dag eb he sd ddng thei 10.9 4.4, Xée dinh theo hg sé nhu elu Pum Kye - Pam (2.29) Trong do: Kye 1 Hé 86 nhu edu cua nhom thidt bj, tra s6 tay Pgyy | Cong suit dinh mite eik nhom thigt bi Khi se diab phy ti tinh ton theo hg s Ky wong eung ep dign thi dd ehinh » Khong ea0 1 do sir dung bang tra Kyy eho tude. NO Khving phy thude vio ehé de via hanh eda thidt bj trong nhém ma Ky. = Ko. Ky O nghia Ki hé x6 nhu edu phy thuge vio nhéng yéu t6 ké tren. Do dé khi ché do van hanh thay déi trong nhém thi Ky. higu qua sé khong chinh xie Elda Xie dinh phy tai dign cia mhiom thiet bj theo bang sau su P-dm Kne cos 1 200 O8 0,75 2 100 0.35, 05 3 5 06 0.6 4 18, 08 ORS 4,8, Nile djnh theo h@ 6 Kyyay Va Kyat Me Ru Kall (2.30) Trong dé ; hé 86 Kyg duge sie dinh trong 86 tay tra eit theo 6 tay. hG sb Kmnas ditge Sie dinh theo edeh tea bang da vio Koa $4 hg Khi khdng cé ede sé ligu cn thiét dé ap dung cic phuang phap wong ddi don gidn di néu ¢ trén, hoge khi ean nang cao dé chinh xac ctia phy tii tinh todn thi nén ding theo phurong, phap tinh theo hé s6 eye dai Eddies Xde dinh ph tai dign evia nhom may edng eu: aleSé twgng | Puy KW 1 14.37 2 10 i 84 4 May mai tinh 2 2 5 tign 3 6 fouat eis 1 7_May khoan 3 5, XAC DINH TAM PHU TAL DIEN 5.1, ¥ nghia tim phy tii Tam phy tai Kd mot diém nm ten mat bing phu tai ma néu ta da tam bién dp hay to phin phoi ngay tai tim phy tdi thi cde dang ton thit vé dign hay chi phi vé kim loai miu Li thdp abit 8.2, Xde dinh tim phy tai Vj tri tim phy tai thudng dat gan 6 nhang phy tii hoge ede thiét bj e6 eéng, suit Kin, tim phy ti duge xae djnh aber s Chon true toa dd eho phu tii, Xiie dinh vi tei phy tai hay thigt bj wen phan xudng oo @ Mat Bing Phu a Oo = 0 Tam phy tii duge xe dinh bai OXY) ) Trong dé xe Xt o wa it (2.31) Vai: Py: ld eGng suit wie dung é phy tai thir i X, va ¥;; hoanh dé va tung d6 eda phy tai thir i -32-CHUONG III; SO DO BIEN NIEM VE SO DO CAP DIEN mt trong nhimyg bude dau tien ma ngudi thiét ké phai thyre 2 tinh quyét dinh dén két qua eva edng trinh dinh so dé edp dign Ji mot trong nhimg yeu ic yéu 18 clin phat sem xé4 khi liga, chon mgt sor db ep dign la: Tinh ky thu tin kinh té va tinh mg guan, Cae yéu té nay tie dong tong hd nhau, tiy theo tinh hinh ngudi thiet ké phai quyét dink chon yéu té nao la wu tién. thue td ‘Tinh kg thugt: La dieu kign mang tinh tién quyét, Phuong din eip dign phi dim bao diing ky thudt theo cée tiGu chuin, quy phgm do Nhd nude ban han: phai dim bio cie chi tigu vé dé tin edy ty theo tinh chat cia phy tai; phai dam bio an todn vé van hanh Khi cong trinh duge dura vao hogt dong, ‘Tinh kinh té La yeu tb dure xem xet sau yeu 06 ky thudt, vo Khi da dim bao v8 mat 1 edi k thudt thi tinh kink té la yéu t6 mang tinh quyét dink ( vi du trong div thiu), Ki thigt ké mot phuoing dn ep dign, neuer thigt ké bj mot site ép rit Hom ve git than Jh, Nhung trong, mot sO triamg hyp. ebng, ta phai ein nhae, guyét doxin vi ei tranh dé dita ra mot phurong an ky thudt ma nd khong nhong ti wa vé ma ky thudt ma én phit hop vii nhting phi trién trong tong lai ‘Tinh mg quan: Khi si hoi ngdy eding phat trién thi yéu edu vé mat mg quan hsb dign nally cling durge coi trong. BOi vei ede thamh phd In, hign dai, van mink thi tink mg quan lui dign [i mOt trong mhing yéu edu duye dat Ken hang divs Vidus Bang kién thee thee té, sinh vien dia ra pheong dn edp dién edp dién eho mat phy tai ce0s cong, smut den bgt les: SKVAC pha) 50 KVA (3 pha) $00 KVA (3 pha) 50000 KVA ¢ 3phe) Yidus Xie dink so db edp di¢n cho cde phe tad theo sé lieu seu ( 2 pharang én) 4 00 o2 ° Stk aesu] vier | suit PKw) | Tinmende |i | o 1 wo \ v | 2 ti_| 00 u ata wi_| 200 uw 2. LUA CHON SO DO CAP DIEN =) 2.1, Cie dang so dé ip dign a. So dd trye chink | ‘Peye chink Céie phy bai duge dau nd chung We | dudng ye | Chi phi diw ts, bio duding, vdn hinb thip 16 tin e@y cung edp dign thip f ] + + + weiopr2 rns Minh 3.1 s0 a6 teye ominn b, So dé hinh tin Mai phy tii duge edp dign vir mgt dudmy day righ, Chi phi diu tu, bao duong. yin hinh evo: edly cung clip dign cao —_— rriorre Mink 3.2 Se dé hinh tia (mem ¢. So dé mach vong Cae phy tai duge edp dign tir ede ngudn khae nhau Cie nguén duge noi tir thanh mach vong kin va hain her Chi phi du tr, bao dum, vin hinh eno 16 tin ey cung clip dign cao nhiit -4ed, So dd hdn hop. Tay theo ting tring hyp ey thé, ta ¢6 thé str dung rigng r@ hoge phdi hyp ea so dd tren Vi dy quan sit sod duc diy ER — ——i uh 34 Ser dd bn hep Trong so dé trén, ta c6 cde logi so dd sau So dé hinh tia So dé trye chinh So dd mach vong. Sinh vign hay gidi thieh tai sao, 3. VAN HANH HE THONG THANH CAI 3.1. Khai nigm hg théng thanh cai tram Cie tram trung gian , ede tram ngfit sir dung hé théng thanh edi nim ning eae d6 tin ey cung eip dign che hé thing. Hin 3.8°Trpm ngit va hf thdng than ch 2355Dae diém ctw hé thong thanh eal: Cie tuyén day dau ndi vio thanh edi phai str dung it nhit | DCL. lam thiét bj phan dogn, Con trong tring hep ed sur dung €6 it, ching ta phai sir dung mOt_hé thong gom | mily cit va 2 dao each ly ed tal mach, ching sty 66m (khong Gua ~ Tae diém ho nhin thiy dure trong he th | ng Dao cach ty: Chite ning cho yéu ei DCL 1a ding dé to diém ho nhin thiy (phin dogn trong hé thong) véi die diém ein DCL 1a déng eft khong ti 3 PHASE DISCONNECT SWITCH (INDOOR) Rated voliage » 24kV Rated frequeney : SOHz Rated current ; 630A SkAs The disconnector can be operated manual by a hook stick The loadd-break switch with fuse base shall he suitable for use with 24kV HRC fuse carteidge type which are manufactured on JEC 282-1 standard Raied short time current se Hints 8.6 Dao eae th Mii efit: May cit trung thé ( Circuit Breaker) 6 ehire ning 1 thao te dong eft 66 tai va bio vé chdng su cd ngiin mach ( c6 thé bio vé quia tii theo déng dink mire ). Thong s6 kp thugt eta MC do Hin Quée ehé to ~ Nude xiés Hen Québc Tap doin : Hyunhiet Dien tip dank dlink: 25038, 3KV Dabing alien adeauh don: 400-6304 Doing ngdt mach daah dint: 25KA - Dong chiw eae nhdt dank dink: 40KA Dany edi dank dn khi edt edp khang tai A Hinb 3.7 May edt trung tnd -36-Quy trinh thao tie hé théng thanh edi gam | MC vi 2 DCL di kém nhur sau; Quy trinh déng :Déng dao cdch ly trude, sau d6 déng may eft Quy trink eft :Cit mdy edt rude, sau dé edt dao cdeh ly 3.2, Vn hanh hg théng thanh edi tram Vn hinh hg théng thanh edi don ‘Tram str dyng thanh edi don thong thudng Id nhong tram nho ( tram phong), thuong ehi 0 mot naudn dign cp dign cho thanh cai. Trong trudng hep chi e6 ede DCL. lit ede thiet bj déng eft (cho ci ngudn dén va ede phat tuyén di), mudn thao tac ede DCL trong tram ta phai cit MC diu ngudn. | Thanh esi tram ' ame New den Hint 3.8 H¢ thdng than cdi don tai Vidu: Che se dé thanh cdi don etia tram, cé ede may cat va dao cdch ly duoe dat tin nine hinh ve, a. Trinh ue thao tde edit ngudn din dé sia chita thanh cdl 1a b, Trinh we thao tée dé cé lip phu tai la? b. HG théng thanh edi kép 1 vu er wen ma wa m1 re - } es Neuen} = Nauén 2 ian 3:9 16 adn than cA Kew Dge didm hé thing thanh edi kép “ats‘Thanh cai duge cap dign ur 2 ngudn doe kip Vin brinh phate tap DO tin cdiy cung edp dign eao Chi y : dé thao tae dimg, ehiing ta phai chi ¥ dén ehi danb van hanh eta ede thiét bj, vi dy 876, 876-1, 876-2. edu: Cho se db. ie ding thant ed, €6 exie may cat ya daw ecch ty dare gt Fen nha fn ve 6 wen, Nguin 1 cp dign cho TC1, nguon 2 edp dign cho TC2, Tai I duge cdp dign tir thank el 2, teil 2 chege cap dign tie thanh edi 1 a. Tinh wang déng edt eta edie thigr bj la b. Nauwin I bj sw cd, irinh bay thao tc van hank dé edp dign cho ede tat. ¢. Hé théng thanh edi phiin dogn ed a \ Bed Ssh | ‘ | Phu tai 1 Phy tai2 Hin 3.10 14¢ thing. thant eit phn Hig théng thanh edi phin dogn, nhw tén goi etia nd, e6 ehire nang phin doan gita ede ngudn vidi nhau, Vi dy nhu wen hinh, ta eb DCL 100-1 vd DCL 100-2 66 ehite nang phin dogn thanh cai chung, eta 2 ngudn din (Tai sao phai sir dung 2 DCL mi khéng phai 1). Tay theo ting trudmg hyp cu thé ma ta ed quy trink dong efit riéng phy thuge vio edu inde cua hg thong. Hedui Cho so db hé théng thank cdi, 06 ce may edit va dao edch ty deve dt ten nh hink vi wen, True hi bi su 6, nguén | cap dién cho phy tai 1; nguon 2 cap dién cho pine tai 2 Do nguin 1 bj stp cd, can chuyén phy tai 1 vé dn dign tai nguon 2. Thao tée chayén mach Me chinh I aghich Inu +> ti. Trong trvdng hgp syr ed, ai duge eung ep dién theo : de quy -> nghjeh lw > tai durge wey al | | Chie nang bypass cho phép cung edp trye tiép ngudn AC tir luigi dign cho tai trong tredng hyp bo UPS bj sy 6, Batery races BO UPS true tuyén o6 thé durge ché wo vai cong hints oe vo suit tir vai KVA dén vai MVA, 214 lvu diga UPS trye tuyén mh ¢. Lyra chon bd L Che tham s6 Iya chon Céng suit dinh mae phy thude vio Gi tr] cding, suit tinh toxin cua phy tai sa Gia tr] ti da eda dong qiia dd: khoi dong dong eo, ding ngin mach , ding tir hoa BA... -47-Dign dp dau vio va ra Thoi ty hanh ( théi gian ehuyén ngudn) Tain sé du vao va du ra. d, Cac théng sé kp thuat eta bp UPS, nghia cae tham 86 ctla bo lew Sinh vign PHASE 3 Phase Input / 3 Phase Output KVA 10 20 30 40 50 60-80 100 120 160 240 3 INPUT (REC 190V / 208V / 380V / 400V / 415V / 440V / akOV / Input Voltage 600, PAW y SPW Input Range 91-20% (= +/-1.20% is available upon request) Input Frequency 50/60 Hz + / Siz Power Walk In 0% -100 : 20 see Efficieney 98% Voltage Regulation (1% BATTERY nce free lead acid batteries /12V x 29pex Buntery Type / Pes Maint Maximum Charge Current Ade (Selcetable) 10 18 20 28 30° 40.50 60 80 120 160 20 Battery Start Yes, UPS can be started without AC se INVERTER Output Voltage, 190V / 208V / 380V / 400V / 415V / 440V / a80V / Regulation GOV, 3PAW of 3P3W + /-1% Wave Form Sine Wave Output Power Factor 0.8. Frequency Lock Range $0 / 601+ /=31lz Output Frequeney (Pree Running) 50/60 He + f= 0.11e e Shift Under 100% nee Load =03 < dg.THD (Linear Load) =110% 110-125 Overload 125-150% 50% Efficiency (100% Load) =2 Continuous 15 minutes 10 minutes 30 seconds 93% 93.5% 94" 94.5% -49-CHUONG IV: TRAM BIEN AP PHAN PHOI 1, Gidi thigu vé tram bién dip phan phdi Ha Khai nig TBA phan phdi la tam co MBA lye bién doi dign ap so edp tir TRV dén 35kV sung Ap thit cap 6 dign ip = 35kV, 1 ap thir cip thong thuéng etia TBA 1a 0.4 KV. nhung trong mot so trvdng hop die bigt. nd cd thé ed che gid tr) khic nh 4100V. 2000, 1 10V. Cae tram bién dp ©6 thé Li tai sin eda nghinh dign Cede trgm bién dip hay efing c6 thé Li tai san do eée & cong ty. xi nphigp diu tur ( TBA khi hang). MOt diém cin luru 1a theo Lug dign Ie. nghinh dign s@ du tr cung eip dign ti chin hing rio etia khach hing ed nhu edu str dyng dign. Hinh thite du ture thé la gan méi dign ké 3 pha, bode xily ding meri mt TBA. Khich hing khéng thn chi phi dau tr. 1.2. Cae thing sé cia 7 a. Ce thong sé kg th Dign Sp djnh mire ( ph * Se cip 6.6, 15.22.35 kV = Ther edp 110, 220, 380, 660 V Hinh 4.1 Team bide ap pin prdi ida): Céng sufit djnh mire thee gam chudn ( phé bién ) © MBA I pha :10, 13, 28, $0, 78, 100, 160 KVA = MBA 3 pha: 30, 50, 75, 100, 160, 250, 320, 400, 560, 630, 750, 100 1250, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3200, 4000, $000, 6300, 10000 KVA ‘Cae thang sé Khae : * Dong dign khong tai %e w ngdin mach %, * TOn hao khong ti © Dien + Tén hao ng’in mach, - W Vi du, Thang 0 ky thudt eta mél MBA do cong ty Thibidi sen xuat -50-amg 41 Thome s6 ho Cau hol 6300 MBA phan pid hue khong wii PocW) 6660 _ _ Tr - Dong dign khing wi(%) 09 = Taio T80C OW) 37800 | + Tiéu hao ngin mach o 750C RAL A A iF (Ww) 44460 ile " fa E i = Dign dp ngdin mach Un(®%) 1S fea. [2 Biligency PES] = 1/2 Joad (%) 99.49 WAMU - Full loud 99.30 amt awe oy | Rich these tong quit (mm) eo -_- = =, : 8A : Ia 2 hae Mb pa A +12 : -H 3090 oh : ~ Trong lirgng diu(ke.s) [3826 trgng lirgng (kgs) [isiat Cain et vere being thing so kp thudt exer may bidn dp wen, sinh view hay tinh hibu suet etter MBA eth edie git te} * © Tal dink mic = Tal 4 eljuh mute = Tai % dink nube. b, Ma sé TBA Mot TRA duge xde dink thee mot ma sé duy nat, duge sir dung weng qué trinh vin hanh. Vi dy. déi voi khu vue TP. HCM, mot TBA ¢6 mi s6 nhur sau. Trong do © U kine dau M29A = Ma sé during diy u ng thé cia TBA Kits 4: Hl» Masé dign lyre khu vue, & day I Dign Lye Go Vip = 3 kite tép theo: 129+ STT cia TBA * Kitweudi cing: D> tinh chdtcia TBA +, D: Cae tym edng ebng MLN: Cac tram khéeh hing Nhu viy, cain et vaio ma sd tram, ta sé sae djnh diye ngudn edp dign cho TBA tr dudny day nao, cua tram Irung gian nao, eng nu sde dink duge tinh ehit eda mot TBA, L4 Thee tigu chuan Vigt Nam 1.3 Theo tigu chudin IEC Sous ¢ Phy uti lan nha, ste dinh wén dd th) phy wii Vide Chon céng sudt cho TBA, che phy tai ena tram Sy SOORVA vi plue tai logit her O7UKVA. Cho rang ede my bicn dp khong duce uc tai. Vidus Yew caw chan MBA chu ali aby (uven Aim ee phe tet didn Sy ~ 1200KVA trong 2 trudiny: hap : Kheiny bict phe tai toat 3 Pre iii lead 3 ke 20% Swdung déu chudn Vidi Nam 3 Van hinh tram Xe turdng hyp 2 MBA gidng 1 vain hiinh song song. ton thit cdng suit trong 2 trurtmg hop inh | MBA Vai AL, Wt BS) a= Bb = BIS, Vain hanh 2 MBA ; bs "Ss AP, -57-fn 1 e6 t6n thi = phuong din T khi: AP, AP, 8 dat cae bs Sy A207 SQ PIP, Khi vn hinh 2 MBA sé e@ tdn tht nho hon tudng hop | MBA khi gi tr} cong suit edn str dung $ > Se Hint 4.4 Xite djab efing suit vn hidnb 14) ann 4. So dé ndi diy tram bién Ap a. Tram e@ do dém trung thé ashy Tram cé hé théng do dém trung thé dp dung cho ede tram \ | khiich hing c6 edng, sudt = 300K VA veog = Thidt bj bao vé trung thé : FCO, DS bg ehi Thidt bj chdng set -LA | mPa ot |= Thiét bj bao vé ha thé CB, CDHT, i | - Hg théng do dém : CP, VT. dign ke 40 KV iso on any Hint 4.9 So’ dd trym do dé TP “8815/04 Hin 4.10 80 Mi dus Cho day ede cong sudt ea MBA; 160, 230,320,400 KVA Ste dung he thang da dém he thé, dign ké dign te cé dang dint mite SA Lo Nde dink sé TT 2. Xde djnh he 86 nhdn dign ke, 5. Két cfu tram bién ap a. Tram treo Cae die diém tram treo = Dién tich xay dung nhé : Hinh won bin kinh 2.5m - Dé tin edy cao tong vin hanh (vin vin hanh khi bj sed 1 maly) = Chi phi dau ur MBA én (3 may) = ‘Tén hao MISA trong van hanh lon 50.Khdng thich hop khi ngdim he luc dig b. Tram gian Dién tich xfiy dung len; Minh cho nhit $m x Chi phi diu wr MBA, tn cing eding sud + Thich hop khi ngim hod lusi dign nho hon so voi 3 MBA i eye bal He Minh 4.12 Soda tram gli Hinh 4.13 So db ergen eG = 605d Tram phong + Dign tich xy dymg ; hinh chi nhgt dm x dm Thi uu vé mat bio dim my quan, an toin bedi dign Chi phi xdiy dung, két edu tram vi thigt bj kin Thich hop cho vige nglim hos ludi dign Hint 4.14 Se 4h trym prong 6. Vain hanh, kiém tra, bao tri tram bién ap a. Vin hanh 6 diéu kign binh thudng, al. Nhigt dO diu 6 lop tren: O phy tai dinh mice, nhidr ché tao khong quo dink niet do du thi nhigt dé déu a lip tren khing dae vicot qui 930C dei v6i nhitng may bidn dp lam mat te nhién bang ddu a2, Dig ip : Cho phép MBA dive vin hanh véi dién dp dp cao han dink mite o nie bien dp dang vein anh: Lue si $96 khii ph ta djndh mute vei 10%: khi plus td khong qué 0.25 ph tai dink mie Negi hen (0% ¢ dees 6 gids mbt ngety) veil pine tal Khong quad dinh mice. a3, Dong dign trung tinh . . Dai vai nhing MBA eb ede eupn day ddu theo so dé “Y-¥", phia ha dp 6 diém rung tinh kéo ra ngodi, déng dign qua diém trung tinh khong vugt qué 25% dong dign pois djnde mnie. a4. Qua tai o didu kign binh thudng_ yi giam quit Gai (gi phiit) vii nhong n tang nhigt oT cia lop diu trén cing so nhigt d} khong khi trie khi Boi sb qué til the inh mireLas LS ide: Cho MBA 400KVA 15/0.4KV cé bé dieu ehinh dign dp thie edp \ 282.5%. 1. Cha didn dp ser cdp ler ISKV. xde dink dién dp ngés eng, vai ede vi ted did chink phan dp, Cho dign dp wang dp le 154k Kiém tra dieu kign dign ap, MBA dang van hanh o nde diéu chinh sé 3 du : Tho MBA 3x100KVA 15/0.4kV ebm 3 MBA LOOKVA 8000/220-440KV 1. Nee dinh dong dink mnie ha dp 2, Cho dong diin ede pha tis la~ 100A, te 1004, te-400A, Nabe dinh dong din rung tinh, Kiéin ra dicu kien dong trung tinh b, Van hinh trong trurimg hop dije bigt Trong trudmg hyp die bigt, MBA dirge phép vn hinh qué tai cao hon dong d intfe theo ede gidi han : MBA di i theo ding dign (%) 30 4s 60 75 100 dinh Thor gian qua tai ( phat) 120 80 AS 20 10 = Di voi MBA kho : Qui tii theodingdign(@’s) 20 BO Ho 0 oo Thivi gian qua tai ( phat) Ce 32 ws Vidu Cho MBA 3 pha 15/0.4kV [900KVA, lam mat bong dd. Trucre kit quai tai, nhiet dé mal trwreng le 300C, nhiet dé tép ddu tren cing tee SO0C. Sau do, MBA duce van heinh qua tai voi dong dién 22004, Xde dfnh shed wlan quid tat Edu: Cho MBA 3 pha 15/(04k¥ 400KVA, tam mat hing dau. xde dinh thet gian qué tet khi MBA kam vige vai dong tai [6 8004,¢, Kiém tra, bao tri Noi dung kiém tra Kigm Kiém tra hé théng tiép dja tram Kiém tra ket edu tym L 2. 3 4, i 6. Kim tra 19 ra hy the 4.18 Kidm tra TBA, = 63+ cde thidt bj rung thé : FCO, LA. TU, TL 6 thé str dung sing do nhigt dd , Khi kiém tra MBA edin chi trong cae vin - Tidng keu, dQ rung cia MBA; hinh thudmg hay khéng binh thong = Be mat cach dign str cao, hy : ran, nit, bin, phéng dign, = Vo may bidn ap ; hu hong, chay liu = Mie diu trong binh diw phy ~ néucd = Mau sie hat hi the, Che thong sé vin hanh MBA dign dp, dong tai MBA can phai dua ra khoi vin hanh trong cae (rudng hop sau + Co tiéng keu manh, khong dba hode tiéng phéng dign. + Sire phat néng eta may tang Jen bat thirdmg va ign tue. + Dau trin ra ngodi qua binh daw am trong binh phy, 0 kinh phong nd, - Mire diu thip dirsi- mire quy dinb vit edn hy nia - Mau sic cua diu thay déi dot got sit bj ran, vo, bj phong dign bé mat, dau coss bj nong do,CHUONG V: TINH TOAN TON THAT Tinh toxin t cung ep dign bao dign 4 p. tin thit edng suit va tom that dign nang dé phye vu eho vige quy hoaeh, thiét KE va vain hinh hadi didn, rong quy hogeh thigt ké Ii vige Ia chon cii¢ phusung an phat trién lid din, chon ete thiét bj cho ludi nhu diy iin, thiét bj bi, thiét bj déng eat vi bao vé.... Lari dién thiét ké phai thoa min cfc d kign kg thudt nhu kha nang wi theo di p val pitt nding, tho’ min cae yéu ciu cua phy tii trong ché dO lam vige binh thurimg vi sure}. Tén thit céng suit va tn that dign nang Li hai chi tiéu kink té quan trong tham gia | myc tiéu kinh ne dé Na shen "Ph ain iin Kiiém ira ludi_dign’ theo digu higm ton that dign ip. Vé kink 16 On that eda sat va tin that dign nang néu qui Idn vugt qua gid tri cho phép thi phi ed bign phip cai to. finh trang eos lid dién Alt khO khan do thidu ede co si sb thign lien tye ei . cho nén trong cung eip dang nh Néu tinh khong ding se din 1s HG! dign, tir dd din dén én that kink 18 wong van eke den di nh | Trong lvéi phiin phéi hign dai cae tram trung gia déu trang bj thiét bj didu chink dign ap dursi tai, digu nay cho phép. tich hrdi phan phdi ra Khoi tus truyén ci, Iai phin phdi duge tinh toan dde Woe ly tir dura eta nly bien dp trang gian, «i trong ludi phin phéi duge thay bang céng suit yéu edu khong déi hode bién di theo die tinh tinh (dd thj phy tai qui doi), Néu may bién ap trung gian khéng co kha nding digu chinh dign ap dudi ti thi phai tink Iwi phan phdi cing vei ii uuyén tai dén tram Khu ve co dida dp durdi ta 4 xt dei Trong mot sé bai toan tén thit céng suat va ton that dién nang trong may bién 4 Ap ngudn ahi bai ton ba, bai todin gi lich c6 xét_ dén kha nding tai cia may bién Gp ngudn_ thi phai tinh den so dé ide bién dp trun n, dién ap ngudn duge Vige nay lam phie typ bai Tom igi, néu khong xet_dén may bién dip ngudn vi may bién dp ngudn 66 digu ap dudi wi thi don vj Indi phiin bo dde [ip dé tinh todin Li mot suit tuyén eta tram trung gian (edn goi la mgt trye Ih, mot 1}, mot dong day) vi su bién di dong, ap cia eée xudit tyén doe Kip vi nhau. Trén mgt suit tuyen 66 thé ed nbigu thigt bj phin phdi kh diy din ede logi, MBA phin phdi, miy edt, dao edieh ty, 1 bai... goi chung Li ede phan tir ludi, trong dé dogn dutmg diy gita hai diém’ daw phy tai hoae nhdnh ee ké 1iép gol a dean ludi hay nhénh luéi, tren dé dong dign 66 Bid tr] khong dé. Doan lui la phan treo so trong gidi tich Indi phan phéi Néu ché do edn gidi tich la ba pha déi xing thi dang sor dé mot sgi, eon néu ché db cin gidi tich 1d khdng d6i xing thi phai dng se dd ba pha, Trong tinh to fn Iudi phin phoi dé dinh gid anh hudng cua né dén kha nang cow ngudn dign th ching ta phai tinh t6n that cong sudt 6 thoi diém max ca nam cua hé 26dthat céng sult G ehé dO max chung ella edi phan phi dé dinh gid dmb hudng cia tudi phan phot dén kha nding. phat cia ngudn, kha nang tai eda Idi troy . boi vi chi trong ehé dO max eta hé thong tn that cdng suit cia lwdi phn phdi mdi cd ¥ nghia, Vide tinh tn that dign nang wham diinh gid kinh té lurdi phan phdi, Tén that cong sudt coa toon lwdi 1 tong t6n thit cong ie phdin tr Ludi. Cudi cing, chun m xay ra ché dd max cla todn luéi phdn phdi va thoi diém xay ra ché do max riéng cua timg phin tw ludi néi chung khéng tring nbau vi déu phy thude vio ché d max edu phu tii ma ché dé lim vige max ca cde phy tii Khong wing nhaw vily, bai todn tinh tén that dign ap tén thit cong suit chung, va bai todn tinh (on i¢n nding khie nhau va pha thye hign ring. Tuy nhién neu tinh abu vay sé rit phire tap, dodo phai gin we bai tofin dé vige tinh ton Ludi phan phdi duge dé dang hen ma ket qua van chap nhdn duge, 80 DO THAY THE CUA DUONG DAY VA MAY BIEN AP It, So dd thay thé ea duéng day. a. M6 hinh thay thé durong diy 3 ph: Xe sordd thye cua diy ha ap pom 3 da diy pha vi | diy rung tinh nh hinh §. 1a dedi Nguin Diy pha Tal —_ ain : b Na Day trung tinh ow) val Neuin ——_—— ee} Minh $1: M6 hind trong tinh ton daring diy Tong ché do déi ximg dign ap ba pha o ngudn hu nhaw vi bang Uy. Vi pha tii déi xing nén dong dign trong dy trung tinh bang 0, Dong dign [trén ba pha bang nhaw, va dign ap trén phy tai cing bing ol Cong sudt tiéu thy irén mot pha 1a Pow > Unleos GD Cong sudt cua 3 pha 1d PH 3.Ppi °3.UpLcos @ (3.2) Néu vidt theo dign dp day thi = 65P= Ji Ulcose Ga Tir cae e@ing thie trén t déi xing, chi ein ti pha li du. Do do so dé th: é cl i dé tinh to ng chi pha (hinh 3.1-b), so dd ddu day nguén, wi efing khong cin quan im (dé tum gite) va khong ve, h cho pha 1 wo cho 1 sao hay Dong thi, do be thing d6i sting nén wen diy tung tinh Khong e6 dong di qua, vy ta eding 66 thé bé ludn dy trung tinh (hinh 3.1-¢). nN chay diy da 3 day hode 4 diy ty Neu phy tai khong déi xitng thi so dé tinh toan phi Hogi lied dign b. Thing si day din Thong sé. eta day din die (rung, ho qui trinh vat ly xay ra trong diy din’ khi 6 p xoay chiew dt trén diy din hode khi_ ed dong dign xoay chica di qua, Khi ip hode dong dign xoay Wink vat ly xay dign co di 1 diqua day din céd qui Day din bj phat néng do higu tng Joule. Mou phin cong sudt tai qua lucri bj mat dé lim nong diy din vi mot phan dién dip cing bj tén hao do hién trong nay, Qua tinh ny duge dge tung boi dign ter tén mot km chieu dai etia day dn r, [O/km] Dong dign soay chidu gy ra tir teumg ty edm eta ting diy din va hd em diy din véi nhau, Tir trudmy pay ra tén that cong sudt phan khing. va tn np vo durye die tring. boi dign kh nt Kim chigu ai So [C2/kmn] Dign ip xoay chiéu gay ra dign truing gidta ee diy din véi dat vi gifta ese dily din vi mhaw vi gidta cite diy din véi dit duge xem nur cic ban eta 1 ty dign, truer 2 dign dign d 6 tae dung lam tigt tigus mot phin dong, am (cha phy tai) chay trong diy din, Qué trink niy duge die tring boi dung din B, [Qk] hode fi eOng suit phin khéing dung tinh Q.. Tuy abign trong gido irinh nay chi dé edp dén ede dudng diy cung eip 6 dign ap thip khoang wich nein nén inh hudng cia dung dan la khong ding ke va duge bo qua, Ap eno giy tre mit diy din curing do dign trig, néu curing dj ny Kim hon T mie nao dé st gay ion hot khéng khi quanh day din, goi la hign tuyng “vang quang” (corona). Ving quang dign lim tén thit_ mot phin ign ning at ving quang, Hign uryng nay duge de tung bi dign din G]O" Cang ahi dung dan, trong, lui trung, va hg ap hig WY nay duuge bd qua. Hint §.2 Hign fine ving 4Cac thong sé cla day din rai déu tren toan chidu dai dudng diy. Didu nay sd rit kho khan trong tinh ton, Vi vay, véi ede duding diy eao ap khong qué dai <300 km va during diy trung. ha dp neuvi ta thay cac thang s6 rai nay bang cde thing 86 Up tung R.X.G.B, Rigng véri dudmg diy trung vi hy dp do anh husng khéng ding ké nén ehiing ta chi xel thanh phan dign tro R va dign khang X Re nl X= xil Tong ut ZR IX (3a) Vai 1 1a do ii durimg diy [km]. R x cncenrrenal rr 3 Davimg dily 3 pha d dy thus (€ vi md hint thay the F sgh ¢. Dign tré cia d y din R Khi dong dign- mot chiéu di qua y din, thi dong dién duge phin bé diéu tren toan et didn dy, Do dé ind tie dung cua km day dan @ nhiét dé tiéu chudn 20° duge xe dink theo biéu thie. > _ 1000 nok [2/ km) (35) Foy Trong dé poli di 315/22 tro sudt [Q.mm"/km] vei ding li 18,84[Q.mm’/Akm|, nhom ki skin], almelee (AL + 0,5+ Mn + 0,5%Si) li 33[Q.mm?/km] hdmi fa 31.7]m/Q.mm’] ty yladién din sudt: dong la $3[m/€2.mn F ti tiét dign dy din tinh bing mm? Dign tro thay doi theo nhigt dd, khi nhigt moi trong khde 20°C thi dign c6 gid tri. ry = to [1 + ee (-20)] [Q/km] 66) in ira, voi déng vi nhom = 0,004"C" Vet a= he sé nhigt eta d) Su phdn bd cna dong dién soay ehidu trong day din khong déu do 6 hi mot (lige skin) lim eho mit dé ding dign bj day ra phia ny img bé vii diy din, Do dé dit = 67.ted dbi vel dong dign xoay chigu In hon véi ding dig | ehiéu. Tuy nhién. vi tin sé f= S0}1z va vei dong din I kim logi mau tiét dign khdng lém, se hae nhau dé khong cing ké (607 19%), do db c6 thé ly dign tre 1 chigu tinh theo céng thite (2.5) dé tinh toan Ludi dién, Nhung hi tiet dign rit kin (co 570mm’) thi phai tink den higu img be mat, d. Tinh ton dign khuing cu Dign khiing ete diy din xp duge tinh theo d6 tir eam L ctia diy din Xo" 2nfl, = ol. [Q/km] (5.7) Voi L dé tir cam: ctia diy din [H], f= tin sé © 50Hz, @ = te do gée eta di [rad/s]. 196 ter em 1. gm hai phn: Ho qream phy thude d} dai va bin kinh dy din, e gid tr} nburnhau cho ed 3 dy din, Ho cam aida cie diy din phy thude dé dai, bin kinh vi khoang each giita eae di din, Bo do hd cim eta ede diy din khie nhau s¢ khie nhaw, Dis khong doi xime_ vé dong vi ap trong Iudi dign, Dé khie phye hign tong niy ngudi tu hoan yj day din sao cho mdi pha cua MOL dudng day Lin lugl G3 yj ti khae na Khi dé co thé xem do fr cam vit dign Khang (rung. binh eta ete pha fa bing. aha MOi_ duong day dai qué 30km thi phai die pha 2 lin, Néw dirong day dai_hon thi €6 thé dio pha nhieu Lin (hinh 5.4) ab haan vj pha Doi vei duimg day dio pha, dd ty eam trung binh che | km do dai lay 1+ =0A6log(21/#) — 0.15|mb1/km)| (5.8) Ho hd em cho | km dé dai e6 gid wri wrung binh la M = 0.46log (2V1D)- 0.2 m1 /km] (5.9) Trong dé Ikm|—dd dai duény diy: yin] — ban kink day din D[mm| khong cach u binh, h hoe gids D=VDy Dy Dy (5,10) Daw Dros Dac. li khoiing edie hink hoe gitta ede day din (hinh 2.3) = 68A Day Bo Dae © Khoing edich trung binh D phy thuge cap dign ap nhur bang 2.1 Ugu [KV] | 0.38 | 6-10 _D[mm) 500 1000-1500 Bang 4. 20 a5 3500 Lo 3000 20 | 300 8000 | 14000 2500 Khoiing ciich hinh hge eda mit sé cp dign ip DO team téng L la higu eda ye cam L va hd cam Mz L = OA6log(21/r) O15 — (O46logQ2L/D)-0,2) (G11) O.A6log(D/r) ~ 0,05 [mlm] 1 va hd cam m Tu thay, do trong tie gitta ty ri khoiing cich trung binh ita ede diy din D va bit im tong Lehi phy thuge vio nw, Dign khang xy durge tinh theo : Xy™ 2H, = 2,3,14,50{0.46log(9/r) + 0,05) 10° 0,14dlog (Dt) + 0.0187 [O/km] G.12) 1,2, Thong sé may bidn ip Ce may bign dp thudng str dung trong eae tram ign dp. May, bién ap e6 3 logis may ip. 3 pha hai eudn day, ba cua diy va may bien dp ty ngdu. Ddi khi trong mang dlign con c6 may bien Jp digu chinh phy va may bien ap 1:1, May bién dp ka phy trung gian git cde Indi dién dp khic nhau, cho nén cde thong s6 cau ching co thé tinh quy déi vé bit eit phia ndo, néu yu edu tinh toin ddi hoi. Mudn tinh théng s6 tis may bin dp vé phia nao thi eh cin sit dung Uy eit phar adi ign 6d inh tod, ong cae eding thie din ra dud diy st ding kiNigH Uyy) kh dp dung cy thé se thay bing gid tr) dign dp dinh mie ctia phia edn Unk. Trong pham vi ela mén hoe ching ti chi dé e@p dén may bidn dp 3 pha hai eudn diy Neoai cong suit dinh mite Syy di Sp dink ante ti 2 eu ely Uso vt Uaine ché tao con cho cac tham s6 sau: Tén thét céng sudt the dung khi khong tai AP t6n thit e6ng suit tie dung. khi ngin mach APs, dong dign khong ti phin trim so voi dong dign dink mite ist. dig trim so vidi dign dp dinh mite Uy%. = 69Ria IN Guy Bia Hint $6: So a hay tn my bide ap tl cag cay May bién ap dirge thay thé bing se dé hinh T vdi cde tham s6 Rye Xnas Gras By. Prong hei dign trung, v ing te nhur day dan, ta 66 thé bo q Giga va Aya. do do se do thay the ge nhur diy din, ha thé a cae thinh Vin thit cing suit vie dung trong ee eudn diy etia MBA. due sie dink wr thi nghigm gan mach. APA = Bhan’ Ring G1) Tir dé, chong ta co AD, 4) (5.14) Trong, dé Ry, até se clip va eudn thir edp da quy dai vé phia so ca dign trey tie dung cua eudn én ap (Ryo's) celia may Cong 66 thé str dung, cong thie khie dé tink yyy nbur sau! Cong suit dink mire eta may bign dp San 43 gato (5.15) Do dé: 5 him 5.16) "Bu, i Sau khi thay (5.16) vao (5.15) thm duge = 10Ry Ute 0 poy 17) Sinh vidn chuiy edie dan vj thie nguyen trong céng Unie S17 Xnq la téng dign khdng etia ben ser edp vi ben thir edip da quy di ve phia dign ip ea (Xyy= 8) +X ) Theo thi nghim nedin mach, ta 66 5 U, U. na Un sk OO Ie or Tir ds. xiv dinh durae Xing Nar Vein Riu (5.19) TON THAT TREN DUONG DAY . tn thit dién ap Xét md hin mot during dé - (RX) u2 szeptjQz StePinjgt edp dign eho mou phy ti. Hinh 5.8: So dé tinh ton thit dign ip Cong suat ¢ phy tai duye ky higu in luge 1a Ps, Qs va $3, 6 déungudn la Py. Qh vi U la dign ap djnh mire dudmg diy (udn hiéu ld dign dip diy) Ching ta cin Iuu y biéu ie tinh todin cde dai hrong va mdi quan hg gida ching nhur stu: Py = 3 U,feoxe » QO: yBU, Fsing, Bs + iQs Vit/ Leos, (5.20) QO) JIU Fsing, 81 PQ, s AP. 5.02.1 574-7901. SKWh ing. cGng. thee thyre nghigin (2.70) ta C6: Vi dy 5.2: Mot may bien ip 3 pha hai eudn day 6 Sy 10.5%, APy GOKW. APa 14kW. Io 0.9%, Cu MVA. hé 34 cos © 0.8, Ty = $000 by. JOMVA. Ulam PLZT SKY. Us. 2 cp cho mot phy tai cd edng suit & a) Xie dinh tn that edng suit trong miy bién dip, b) Tim tin that dign nang trong may bién sp trong mot nam 8760H), G Ap dung eding thite (2.55) ta 66 ‘Ton thit cing suit tie dung trong may bien dp P, p r Pay AR + APS 1460-8. 52.4400 io Ton thit céng suit phan khiing trong may bign dp: 18a, , US) 09.1000 | 10.5,8000 100 "100.8, 100” 100.1000 762k Ar AQns ng ca tram trong MOL AN dn that eye dyi (Cong thite (2.70) TUT24 + Tyga lO Ys 8760 — (1124 + SCOOT) x 8760 — 3410. 2.72) ‘ing trong may bién sip (edng thite Nhu vay tin thiit- dign Maa MT AR Sor 14.8760 4.60, S410 6 S01 a2aeHA 10000) = 80-Vidy 5.3; Cho mot durimp diy mot pha hai day €6 phy tai phan bd déunhur hinh 2,10; Mal do ph tai etn dram dy 1A ly 1600 km. sé cOng suit bing [vi bo quat edim khang dudme d 1-0.38km 0.20 Tt Hinh 2.10: Duong day mot pha e6 phy wi phan bo dew thiét phy ti tren dirdny déiy co he a) Xae dink d6 syt dp wen dudng diy. Tim dign ap diu dudng diy dé dign dp cudi drag, diy I8. 220(V). by) Xie dinh 16 ¢) Tim didn dp diu dude day dé dign dp gitta duong diy U. ki 220(V), Gi: that cong su tie dung trén toin bo dudng day, 4) Voi ia thidt caw bai todn thi cong thie (2.49) durge vidt lai: au-praty Sf 1 1600,0,25 © 400(A): Btu vii lel 0.1002) (vi 66 hui diy), Thay vio ta 66: AUaw = 200¥) Tirds Ug Uy) AU Ay = 240(¥) 4 ‘ » ER b) Tir cong thite (2.51) chiing ta c6;Al = thay vot dude AP (4002.01 V3 = 5,333(kW). ¢) Trong trading hgp nay ching ta str dung nguyen ly xép chong nbur sau Gipi AU, AUs Ki dp sy ip tte di dn gidta durin diy do thin phn phy tai phiin bb phy tii tap tung (ump ding cho phu wii phin bd déu ntta dusdmg diy e6n bai) gt tai gicra dure day déu vi Khi de: AU, Le 1.51) (vi ita com cy) lay! ALL RGD thay 36 yao ta durge: AU, ~ SCV). AU) 10CV). Tir dé ted Hy Me ale at 220.85 10° ASV o8leBai tip Bai tp St: Dudng diy tron khong dign dp 22kV. dai 7 km, day din cd fe 0.40|2/km Xo-0,36/Q/km], cung cap dign cho mot phu tai cng sudi 2MW. hé sb. cong sult ua 1 HL O,8 dg de cudi dudmy diy vii Ty. = S000¢h). a dé eudi iy bing bao a) Newdi ti phai duy tri, dign dp tai diu dudng during, diy ii 22k. b) Tinh % suit ap tai diém eudi dudng day Khi dign ap dau ducmg day Ii 22kV phan khang va ton that cdng suit tedn phan trén nam, Mat ui cudn diy et) iq = SMVA. Ugg = HO/ISKV. Uy 9.5%, APY = BOKW. AP = 24KW. fy = 1%, Cung ep eho mot phu tii ed eGing suat 4 MVA, he 86 COR ~ L785. Tis ~ G000 he dit trong muy bign dp. bidn ap Wong, mot nam(8760h), a) Xde djnh tn that eding st b) Tim ton that dign nang tre Bai 5.3: Cho mat duomg diy ba pha eé phy tai phin bd du nur hinh ve 2.11, Mat dd phu ti tren duimy diy py 1kWim), ga O2CkVArim). Chidu dai duong diy | 10km. dign tri vi dign khang ten moi km durong dy la. O.46CO/KM), S.-0.4AZOKM), Dign ip dlinh mite etia dusimg diy ka ISRV. ip tren tod during hy. Taam phan bi dis a) Tim d6 su 2.11: Dating diiy mot pha e6 pho t b) Khi dign dip diu dudny diy la 1SkV, hay sie doh dig, dui 2 dy p i dudng diy ©) ‘Tim thn thit edng sual tie dung va phin khang trén tiBai Cho hé théng cung efip dign nh hinh vé 2,12: 0 om coupn0,85 AMVA com O8 Tr, -3800h e0sp-0,78 Tue A000 Tac” $0008 Hinh 2.12: So dé hé thong cung edp dign cho bai tap 2.4 Hai may bién ap kim viée song song mdi may 66 Syy = OMVA, Ugg 1 1O/1S(KY), tn that sit AP) 60k W. tn that ngdin mach APy=100KW, Un" 10%, 1,%0°0,8%. a) Xac dink phin trim sut ap tgi ede diém B, C khi mite phia thir clip ctia may bien dp. np (gi A bling dign dip dinh b) ‘Tim tén that edng sudt vie dung. phin khang va toin phin trén ton bo dudne diy vir may bién dip, Phin tram tn that edng sudt tie dung, ce) Tinh tén thit dign nang trong mot nam cia tein he théng. 8.CHUONG VETINH TOAN N AN MACH 1. KHAL NIEM VE NGAN MACH 1. Khai nig Phin tich ngiin mach 1a mét phiin quan trong trong gidi tich hé théng dign, Bai toan ngin mach bao gbm vige xe dinh dign dp tai ede nit vi dong dién chay trén ede nhinh trong qui trinh xy ra-ngin mach, Nein mach trong hé thong dién durge chia thinh ngin mach 3 pha déi- sting (balineed faults) va ngin mach khong ddi xtng (unbalanced faults). Nein mach khéng déi ximg gém ngin mach mot diy cham dit, ngin mach hai diy khong cham dit, ngin mach hai dily cham dit, Cie thing. tin ed duge tir bai todin ngain mach sé phye vy eho cong vige ehinh dinh role vit chon Ira thigt bi bio vg dg cua dong dign ngin mgch phy thude vao tdng to cua khép kin qua diém xay mach vi dign dp ctia mang dign, Tong tro trong bai tofin agin mach bio gam ci Lng, tr quit dO cua cae may phat trong ud (baw gom thinh phan sieu guid dd, quid 49 vd 6 trang thai nh), Chinh vi vay mot trong hang van dé kho cua bai toa ngan mych li thanh lip ma tin tong tro hay tong daan Trong eung cp dign ngdn mach mot pha eham dat li ngin maeh eo sd sult xy ra Kin Hinh 6.1; Dong song dng diga agin myels nhdt (khoang 65%) va ngin meh ba pha c6 xée suat thip nhat (shoang 5%), Tuy nhién, ching ta edn phan tich hai dang nay boi ede anh hucmg etia no la ding ke dén tinh trang Lim vige cia h¢ théng dign, Mae khie vige tinh toan ngfin mach mot pha tuong doi phite tgp hon so véi agin mgeh ba pha, nén trong thye te thiet KE neue ta hay ding két qua etta bai toain ngin mgch ba pha doi ximg. Dang song dong dign ngdin mach xiy ra trong hé théng dign e6 dang nh hinh 3.1 Tir dang séng hinh 3.1 ehiing ta thiy ring dong dign ngin mgeh bao gém hai thanh phn 14 think phan khéng chu ky ed dang him md giam din va thinh phin e6 chu ky khdng déi (trong tinh toain ehting diye xem nhur e6 bién dj khéng déi). Viitinh toain ngin mach ching ta phai ké dén ed my bi vil may phat trong. ld, nghTa li ching ta phai tinh tan vei nhieu cap dién Ap khde nhau, Dieu may sé phite tap Ki tinh trong. ng don vi 66 t6n thong thirime, do dé Kh tinh nein eh nyu thuimg qui doi yé cing mot eip dign Ap thong qua vige str dung hé don vi wong thé don vj khong ten),uven niin ngén mach: Nguyén niin chung va cha yéu ct 0 bj hang. Ly do cach dign bj hong ¢6 thé ltr bj gid edi khi bk ding cua nhigt do ngdin mach fi do eich mn vige Liu npy, chi Meu qua cia ngain mach Pht nong cue bé rdt nhanh, nhigt do 10, wily chay nd, Giiy sul dp ludi dign, anh hung dén nding suit lim vige cha may mée thiét bj G theo nh n dinh he thing dién do cite may phat bj mit ein bing eng suit, ng vin te khiic nhau, qua Mue dich tink tein agin mach: Ly chon cae trang thidt bj dign pho hyp. chiu duye dong dign tong thii gian tn tai naan mach higu chinh bio vg role Lan chon so dé thich hop Lim giiim ding ngin mgel Lyra ehgn thiét bj han ché dong agin mach’ Nhiing bai todn lién quan dén tinh toda dong nedn mach: Lyra chon so dé mach cung edp dién, nha m: dign Lyra chon thidt bj dign vii diy lin Thiet ké chinh djnh bao vé role Tinh todin qua dién dp trong hé thang dign Tinh todn ndi dit Nehign eitu én djnh hg théng dign 1.2. Phi Nudin mach gidn tiép: 1d nglin mach qua mot dign tee trung gi ing dién va dign tro cin de phin tr khae wen dudng di ct dén pha khae hoge tir pha dén dit n logi ngin mych in, om dign tre do hd dong dign tir pha nay Dign try hd quang digm thay di theo this hinh xe, Theo thye nghigm thirimy rit phike wp va khé xe djnb 1000/ Rk (6.1) / trong do: 1 = dong ngiin mach [A] 1- chidu dai hé quang dign [im] ) mach qua mt dign tré trung gian edit bé, eb thé bo quar 1 Logi), mach tye tig (con duge goth Ngan much déi xtmg; ld dang ngdn mach vin duy tei durge hé thong dong. ap 3 pha & tinh trang d6i xtmg, Ngan mach khdng déi xtmg: Li dang ngdn mach kim cho hé théng dong. dp 3 pha mit doi xing.khi syed mot diém, mi ting tré ete pha tai = Khong déi xting ngany diém dé nbur nha ~ Khong déi ximg doe: khi sued xy ra ma tong tro eae pha tai mot di nhwrnhau, khong Sir e6 phite typ: la hign uryng sudt hign nhidu dang ngin mach khéng di xing ngang. doe trong hg thong dign Vi du: ditt diy kém theo cham dat, cham dit hai pha ta n khae nhau trong, thang 6 trung tinh cach dat Ky higu va sie suit say ra ede dang nedin mach DANG Hint VE . XAG SUAT NOAM MACI Quy voc BURIED 3 pha N° 8 2 pha Ne 10 2 pha-dat 1 pha Bang 6.1 Cae ogi ngin mach 2. MQ HINH THAY THE CAC PHAN TU TRONG TINH TOAN NGAN MACH 2.1, Ngiin mgch tai thanh cai hg ip MBA Nevin mgch tai thanh edi MBA ding dé chon CB ha ap bao vg cho TBA. Trong mgt sb ngiin dy ding dé tink toan phdi hyp bie vg gita CB ha dp 1g thé FCO bao vé cho MBA, Trong qué trinh tinh toain, chi xét tng tro MBA, bo qua eae thinh phiin khde trong 1 6Hint 6.2 So ab tinh nglin mye igh TE hg sip Ving ee MBA Dong ngdn mych so elip Dong ngdn maeh thi eds Eidu I, (6.2) (6.3) (4) Tinh dong ngén mach tai thank cal thé edp cita MBA 400KVA, 24244200. uti = 49% 2.2. Ngan mach tail diém trén hoi hy thé a. So dé tinh toan -87-Ap thdng hay ME 5 May bidn ip ‘a= Ra tH = Pay dd St - co | Ayes | |} | |}. Thanh et \} ii & on | tnt | | _ py an ZN | Thanh eal ie . on ie Thun ea fait | yV\V PE? ini 6.2 80-8 tinh ogi mpc ti tym ian U8 a I ip b, Cae gia tri tong wre “Tang tee hg théing - quy adi vé thir ep MBA Tdng tro hé thang duge xde dinh dya vao cong sudt ngdn mach 3 pha — do nghanh dién xtc dinh fn Foe Re OA 5) Veli Us dign ap djnh mite thir cap Vai $1 Cong sudt ngdin mach hé thong *Téng tré may phat - quy déi vé thir clip MBA Ving tre may phat durge xie djnh dia vio gid tej dign khang sigu qual do eta may phat Xu (6.6) ella MBA Sup: Céng sult dinh mite may phat Vori Up; dign ap dink mute thir ed x1y: Dign khang sidu qua dd ~ 66 trong ly lich may “Tang te@ MBA — quy vé thir cp: o 8K.AP, Fu apR (6.7) Un, Ut ave 68 100°S,, (6:8) AP, : Cong suat tan hao ngdn mach Uy: Dign dip ngin mach % Us. be: Dign ap , dong dién dink mie thé edip “-Téng tré day din £ 6.9 nae 629) Gide] xy + Duge cho theo nha ché wo + F< $0mm2 : x0 = 0 + Kho cho sé igu | xp = O.08mEm * Téng tré CB, thanh gop Véng iré CB spy = 0.15m82/ C8 (6.10) Tong tr thanh g6p Ng, = O.1Sm02/ nn (1D) Hidus Tinh todn ngan mach tei ede diém NI, N2, NB alae hinh ve + vue s0MtVa ch vOKVA 200424 8 Pos ahs = ANAK F dx2douua plia1= 8i m4 2 Le tote Tey) Su - xoHeres by eos Minh 6,3 Su a tit dn mgeh tyi tyi mgt dide tree lui hy Ap Khi ngan maeh ti diém wén hinh ve, ching ta thdy rang: Cie dong nein mach o timg edp dign ap thi khae nhaw Cie tng tre cua cde phiin ty 6 time edp dién dp khde nhau thi khac nhau Do dé, dé tinh toa trong cie bién pl pidu ep dign dp. mbt dign dp chung. 3.2. Quy dai ciie phiin tir tir edip dign dip nay sang efip dign dip khic 2 myeh tai mot diém trong hé thé p dé tinh toan quy di cae trvé 1 ed Hin 6.4 So d6 tint gin get tigi tt mgt idan tren tah hg ip Xt MBA cé ti sé bién ap dinh mire k. khi db U, 5 k (6.12) Khi dé, e6 thé quy déi ede dai lugng Ur thi clip song so cp hoje nguye lai theo ede ceding thire sau: ! j 6.13 pele (6.13) # oak (6.14) 90.Vail, 2) dong dién vi tong, tré thir edp eta MBA Voi ly). 4) dong dign va tong Wo thi edp eta MBA da due quy déi ve su elip. inh todn ngin mach su edn tinh ngdn mach trong hé thang e6 nhidu edip dign ap Hue 1 Chon | efip dién dp trong ede edp dign dp- eb Bure 2— Thanh lip se dé thay thé 6 edip dign dip da chon MBAI MBA 2 Hin 64 Sod ins Bude 3— ‘Tinh téng to wrong dione tai vi i ngdin mach, st Ugh mE iGo Ue a hy Sp Buds 4 ‘Tinh dong ngan mach co ban (6,18) Chip: Heb. Inneeb : gid tr) pha Bue 5 — Quy déi dong ngdn mgch eo ban vé dong nin mach ti time, clip dign ap 1 BAL 1 MBA 2 4 } SHC Rei jos. 4 Hint 6.5 Sed ci Jn myeh twong deny idus Tink ding ngcin mach 3 pha tai diém NI va N2 nhc hinh ve 91.15/10.5 kV @ A okm P,= 950MVA Suim = O.3MVA U,%= 10,5 % HQT Cap GIGI AP CO DENT RE TTR AC-95 c6 r= 0.33, x0 = 0.415, AC-50 66 10 “0.64, x0 0,392 4. Tinh ngin mach trong hé den yj twong déi 4.1. Khai nigm Khi tinh todn qui déi vé hg don vj wong di ehiing ta phai chon ete dai lung eo ban nh dign ap co bin Uy, dng suat co ban Sy. Tir hai gid trj cor ban ny ching ta tinh cate gid tr] dong dign va 8 cor bain nur sau: Sis a Gu, s X= at Vy gidn cho vige tinh toin COMVA. IOOMVA, 1000MVA....). eon dign dip co ban thudng duge chon bing gid tr} dign ap djnh mike trung binh etia mang 66 efip dign dp pho bien, Tir dy ehiing ta qui doi ede dai lrgng ye hé don yj tong déi nhur sau: (trong ‘io trinh nay ching ta qui ude ede dai lwong trong hg dem vj tug di déu e6 diiu * 4 dgi lugng) Up bpd YS, Xa Us Trong mét sé truong hyp eu thé ede gid tri dign khang trong hé don vj wrong déi duge tinh nhu sau: Hé thing May phat dign: 92Mune s Trong May bién dp: i X y la dign khdng siéu qué dé doe tue Uy% Sy 1008, Use la dig During day: Ryn onda vu; Kye = xd Ae wr Aad it Khang di oe XM OF, © 100 Typ tong do, Xc% vd Lani Hi dign khing % va dong dign dinh mize ctia khang dign. b, Cie bude tinh todn ngdn mach trong hé don vj twong di Bude 1: Chon hg don yj co bin Bude 2: Tinh tein gid tri dign ap hé théng hay may phat trong hé don vj wrong déi Bude 3: Tinh todn pid tr tong tre trong hé don vj wrong déi Bude 4; Tinh gid tr) tong tro Weng doi ur yj tri ngdin mach Ui nguén (hg thong hay miy phat) Bude § : Dong ngfin mach wong déi E & Bude § : Dong ngfin mach é mot hé den vi eo bain Tein beech I Vid Tinh dong ngén mach 3 pha tai diém N2 nlue hink ve 93.TS/1O.5 KY emma = 6.3MV A Pye 9S0MV A Chon edp dign dp co ban te 10,5kV, Sy, = 1000MVA AC-95 cb ty = 0.33, 0 OLS, AC-30 66 Py 0.64, Xy 0.392 ¢. Tinh ngan mach khi ed 2 ngudn Khi tinh ngiin mach trong hé théng ¢6 2 ngudn, ta ding phép bien déi trong durong. Xet hé thing cd 2 ngudn By. va Bye nhur hinh ve Ey.Etdas Tinh ding ngdin mach 3 pha tai diém N nine hinh ve ISS kV SORT Sy SOT gm LOMVA Sur = 20MIVA Pye HOUMA Uterine Ne" nas Use 1h Chon edp dién dp cet bain le 10.3kV, Seb = 100MVA -95-CHUONG VII: LUA CHQN CAC THIET BI] CUNG CAP DIEN 1. Lira chon va kiém tra diy din va ep Trong hé théng cung edp dign, ching w 66 3 phirong phap cha yéu dé tyra chon tet dign day din, Phuong phip thir hit, chon theo mat dé) kinh 12 cita dong digas ie (Aimm*) Ii af ampe kin nhdt én Imm? tidt dign. Tidt dign chon theo phurong phap nay s¢ 6 loi ve mat kinh té Phuong phap thir theo ding phit nding liu dai cho phép Top, Phuong phip my tin dung hét kha ning tii eu day din va cap, Phuong phip thir 3. chon tiét dign theo dign ap cho phép AUg, « phirang phip nly Kiy ehi tidy chit hrgng dign kim didu kign tin quyét Theo Quy phans twang bj dign Viet Nam nam 2006, c6 thé ihm tat phan vi sit dung eta cde phuiong phip Iya ehgn diy din theo bang duedi day cea de kV 1kY theo oy trom: | Las dign i nghigp habe edny Fin 2 Tyygy de $000, Tal cio moi lp ip 1.1. Chon theo mat d§ ding kinh té a. Khai nig: Chi phi dw wr xy dymg eto Bt dudng diy phy thude vio nhigu yéu 16, nhumg e6 thé dugic biéw dign theo cong thie saw: M =a.F +b Trong dé: M~ chi phi dau ur a,b li ede hing sb F —Tidt dign cua diy din, hi clu ur to rang UIE thudn vO vidt dign dy dn. dE dine ngin thy tet dign ey : Kin thi chi phi du tur emg cao, Va ngurdi chi du tur lun mong mudin sao cho ei phi nay la nhé nba Frong khi dd, xét vé phuong dign kg that, mot vin dé ma neue thiGt KE edn quan cam Hi higu suat etia dug diy trong qui trinh vin hinh, Cu thé hon, d6 ehinh fa t6n that dign ning etia dudmg dy, xét trong mot nam. S96Tong dé: Cy — Chi phi tén that dién nang AA — tin that dién nang ia thanh 1 kWh Vé mat ly thuyét, dign diy din F, Nhu vy. vdin dé dat rad day 1d edin sae dinh durge min gid uj tide dign kinb té Fy suo cho: (MC) 66 giti rj nho nhait, Fy, ndy dun tri mat dé dong dign kinh té J, phy thuge vao didu kign ctia time qué © Viet Nam, git tr) Jy duroe ) durge la chi phi Cyy s8 ti Ig nghich vei tiét co thé chitng, Gn diy déin, god La vide die dinh dura vao pili gia. ¢ dinh theo bing sau: Vor ain aign Than va day tein: « oug =Nhom _ Cap cach dign giay. diy boe 0 sn, hinds PVC ~ Rust doug = Rugt uhom Cap eich dign eae st hoje nlnka rong hep, > Rugt dong = Ruot nhlom Bang 13.1- Quy pligin teang Mf diga Vigt Naw 2006 b. Trinh (yp tink tod Fig: 1. Cin ett vio logi day dinh ding ( diy din hay ep), vt Higu (AL, Cu), va tr) 38 Tyg Xie inh Jy 2. Xae dink tej sé dong dién lon nhit chay trén cde doan diy : Ss ehh i. 3, Xae djnh tit dign kinh té timg doan : h R di 4, Can ett vio tri s6 Fy, | tinh duge, tra s6 tay tim tidt dign tigu chuiin gin nit bé hon, 5, Kidm ara lal ti dign theo Lop hay AU sp 297.0: Lara chon diy din cung edp cho ede ti nue hinh ve 4 2k han 1000 EVA, = 600 EVA cos ps0 8 cox gn0.6 Tyas = GO00h Trays = 3800h. Ste dung day nim trdn :25,35,50, 70,95, 120,150, 185,240,300 mm? 1.2. Chon theo digu kign tn thét dign dip cho phép a. Ton thit dign dip cho phép Tén that dign ap cho phép trong timg trudng hyp phy thude vio yéu edu eta loai hinh phu tii, ké ed khi khoi dong cae déng co dién vi e6 tinh dén sy phat trién eta phy tai trong turong lai, nhat li doi vei duvmg edp ngdm, Theo nghj dinh eda chinh pha s6 105/2005/nd-ep ngiy 17/08/2005 quy dinh chi ti hurdng din thi hanh mot s6 diéw eda lat dign lyre, 66 quy dinh ben bain dign phai dim bio chat long dign nang cung efip cho bén mua dign theo tigu chudin sau di V8 ditn dp: wrong diéu kign binh thing, dé téch dién dp cho phép trong khodng,& 59% so wii dig dp danh dink eva tnt dién vib dhe xe dinh tat art dn hist bi do és dign hode tai vj tri Khiie do inst ben thod thu. Bét vei nei dién chira on dinh san ste €6, dé lech dign dp cho phép tit “5% din 10%..." Nhu vay. khi thidt ké, néu khong e6 quy dink nao die bigt, gud hid. ké C6 thé Lay gidi han Ii AUs, % = + 5% so vai dign ap dinh mae, MOt sé gid tri dign dp dinh mite I 400, IS KV, 22 KV, 35 KV, 66kY, HOKY,,... b, Co sé chon diy din theo t6n that dién ap cho phép Ton haw dign ap tren dutmg diy dire Ne dinh theo eéng thire sau; at = LRHOK _ PR OX U ul AU AU, ‘Trong dé: P,Q 1a e6ng sudt truyén tai tren duimg day; R. X la dign tro vi dign Khing, during diy: U 66 th la gia tr} dign dp dinh mire duamg diy, Trong thye (& ngudi ta thay rang gid tr Xe (Q/km) thong thing e6 gid tr} sau: 98© Trung thé 10, 15, 22 kV; 04 Ovkm Ha thé <1 kV : 0.08 mOQ/m due Xp, tir dé ae dinh duge X, xe dinh due AUy, nF cin thit thoa min t6n that dign dp cho true, Do dé. bo qua sai s6, 1a xe din vit cudi cing la sie dinh durge tit « cc. Trinh ty xe djnh tié dign theo tén that dign ap cho phép. theo gid tr] dién ap, xac dinh gid} xy dign khang on t 3, Cho gia tri tn thd dign sip cho phép AU AUgy , site dink durge tén that do dign tr: 2. Xae dinh duge thn that dign dp ot AU, AU, = AU, AU, 4. Xie din dug dig tre ay lin PR AU yA AU, 2k x au rp 5, Xie dinh durge tiét dign diy din pa Bl R PCy > 18.84 [O.mm2/km] Pal = 31.50 [Qanm2/km] Vi du: Lua chon day din cung cap eho plus tai, cho phip te 5%, Uctyy © 10K¥ se 2004400 KV ritalin dy wlio dR: Chis tba whe i dp ‘Trong trudmg hyp dirimg day c6 nhiéu nhanh, sir dung ede céng thire sau diy, 99.ty au, Dos, I ye ial 1 Trong dé, chi s@ i trong img ede dai hrang eta nhanh thir i trong se do, Hidui Zea chon day dn cung edp cho exe tat nue hinh ve B © ky fan S-400KVA S=200K VA, cos 08 cos 08 Cho tin that dign dp toon tayén [és 3%, ste dung day nom . Chon theo diéu kign phat néng Moi logi diy din dew ed mt gi tr} dong din lim vige gidi han goi li dine dign eho phep buy. Ne vin tn nh ham gid cr dng eho agp ny th cylin lam vi ding align cho chen hw thude vo edt niu yeu 16, vid hip dat e Phucmg phip chon ddy din theo ding dign eho phép s€ due trinh bay theo tigu chun TEC 60364-5-52, chit yeu dp dung cho hii hi dip, a, Cae phirong thite lip dit Hang $2-1 tidu el IEC 60364-5252: cae phuemg phiip lap dat diy din. Tink trang | eich lip ait Gin king [Gin a | Dudmg [During dls Grew | Ming [Thang wip. Khay | Tren | Day ebdinh | din ng | ignenep obi) ep | ip, congsom aip | sit | | frye ip | Day wen : 2 fe TE =] Day bye eich di | =f : Tt Diy bos v0 (sit | vi ctoh ign oan. Cap da i ' ‘ ' ‘ of £9 Li lo ‘ ' ' o Trong dé: ¥ eh phe lap dat + :khdng cho phép Kip dit 0 66 thé duge phép Kip dat, = 100-Hing 82-2 rigu chun IEC 60364-$-82: ede phurong php Kip dat diy dn, Ti a Tiong cao Khoang ing cua toa enh ip % a Tas [woah > sad Chan aad 77 “orl o- Di trom ke 1289 0 = |e cy 6b | Can wen BE mat ay e7ae | WIT ie - 7: BM | Henkin | . o 0.102 vie a —_ - gaa | Sim ong | 80 wo fo > ojo - or Trong do. 0: Khong str dung trong thye 1 + hing eho phep 1,2, 3... 2 Sé thee tur edie phucmg phap Kip dit, duge cho trong bang $2-3, = 101 =re Diy in iets ign hote ip mge id ang ding ‘rang tong cach ni Cap ohid fos di wong dng fron tuemy. each mbit Cap wide toi de ue dp sich nhigt Diy din ciel dig hoge sap) mt 10} i rons nye én wang gdhode be fm age tra kbd, Khang, cach cat mo tan 0.4 lan demi kink ew | Cap ahi Wid tong Ong | ten wong gdihoge be Khoa eh ot hom | | ! 0.3 lin direng kink cua nd Day din céich dig hoge . tip mt 1 trong ma ep ten ag BO theo ehidu ngang. ‘cap mot ip wen tudng hide dae - 102 = Directly In ducts In ough Phuwng thae di day Ab-insutating partitions, AD partitions AL-insuating insulating partitions H-en a wooden partition: elreults adiacent "Blan a women partition; create spaced aut” “Hana masonry partition: iret Isi-on 9 masonry partition; circuits spaced aut" 2-01 a won partition: eireuits | diacent” "ED-on a wowdden partitions eiceuits | spaced ant" 2.0 6 amsony | partition; cirewite | vasennry | “Biber a wooden ties "Hien a woeden partition; spaced ou it-buried in owes20 Diy din iets dign hope sip nn 164d rong nang {ap dye we to hing Cap hig IDE dit rang ip dge treo be hung Lily din ciel dig hoge cap moe To: dt am wang cot Day din ede dig hope cap m6 loi di tran. mb nding Cn nid 01d omy dg dim Diy dln cach didn trong ‘ng hode ap mot 104 heae sep nig 1 di trong i liu cot Diy din eich ditn wong | Jing hoge cap mdi 10H hogs ip nhidy loi di ony vung, eta 30 Cap md 104 loi due kip dat trén id do hay duge dat-nho hon 03 didmg kink chp ui judg 2 Diy dom hay eap dt tue tgp duc du 10H B = 103 - In troughs Directly Directly In duets In ducts Direcily Direetly Wi-suypended U2suyended Bhan soted skirting-bourds q stowed iny-boards Alen arehiviaves “Coon a wooden partition; eireuits ge out” ‘Coon ooden partition; gin [Lailiacont "Conder & wooden esilin uit anjacent” ne. en spaced ou0 u uM co Mw 0 Cap dow vi ea whigu Idi di teén ming don ip dom va ey mh a sti aren mang 60 1 fmmOE IO hay caps foi dh arom ei der hay tren roi hep ip, ‘eich Hin Diy cap MOL LN nnhids Toi di a urong im hen 0, ung Kinh cu cap. Dily ep mot Idi hay ep, nnhidu tai ei trén thane Cap ge IO Iy abide Ti, duwe treo bang pid diy hhoge binge lu. Bndy tran hae dy: eich an dine dae env Cap moe TL ode nhieu lo trons ket ed dng Day di etch didn, rong dy cap trong Ket cl Khe hw = 104 - On aiyperion helve on perfor horizontal shelves fon brackets or wire meshes spacing on the partition © 0.30, com eable ladders On rickets oF ‘wire meshes Suspended from super cable Uncovered capice ou, In duets U-cireuiis touching Eccircuits spaced out Fuilone touching, ina tibbon eable Fein clase trefoil Formation F-circuits touching rewits spaced out alone Feisushing, ina ribbon cable Fain close tretoit Horouation tits touching reuits spaced out Faauehing, ina Fibbon eable Fin clow trefoil formation F-jouehing. a ribbon eable Fein clow velo formation horizontably Hsin chose elle troughs ¥- 20De Bein close cable troughs ¥-201e Wein air space v-20De Bein air space v-0De B2-in close cable troughs v= 20e Tein close cable troughs #200 Whein open or Sentilated cable Iroghs46 so sa 35 Day don eaeh aign tron; Ong, trong tung 66 Ur ign tro khong qui 2kin/w Cap gi 18 ay. hid tt trong sin rds bode to tren san Day dln each dtm bode ap mgt OL trong, many, fp phang tong san ‘Cip nhidu Hoi tony mang phting duc stn Diy din edeh digm hoge ap mgt Hoi gt trong mang, Cap hid 1OL chén tomy mang Pay din eich ign hope cap mut BI trong. duty Sng hing thong ie ‘hay ngang hope dae Day din etch dign trong ddudng ny duge mohope thdng wi trong sin 36 Cap mot 10) howe nhidu Toi dupe boe mo hoge eap thong gi6 ehay ayany hay shay doc. = 105 = In ducts direetly tn woughs In woughs In troughs In woughis In duet In duct directly air space air space v-20De B2-in close cable oughs v= 20De Wi-in close cable in air space in ceiling space vse H2-in suspended vesbe Bi-in airspace vesDe BI in suspended ing v=SDe BL-buried in oors -butied in Bon a wooder partition.circults 4 wooder partition.cireuits space out Whesuspended BL-buried in floor partition circuits space out 12: suspended 12- buried in floor _ 12. in close cable troughs ¥=20De Tein close troughs ¥=20De Bin open ventilatecable troughs Ble in open or ventilate cable troughs[a7 se so «0 0 © Cap mde 10 hay ahi 10 Ba tye ep Wee Gidp 60 tr) a6 din trey khénye lem han 2 kiw'w vi khan: 8 i ea cer Kh Capt Ii ay abi Ii dae gan true tip Kon luce co digi te) set home qui kim'e edmp asa sy ao ar ki Diy dln cieh didn Hote fp mot 1b} tomy dud ‘ng trong tating Caip ahi Ks trong dante ng omy i Cap ahidu 1 tone dung Sng hage tron dg ep hug ncn Cap mor lo tony dairy ny hope tong dng ep dus nd Cp mit to} ge mhidu Hor duge win we tp dai nén voi ban ve eo i = 106 direcily In ducts In ducts ts duets Dircetly buried | Cin mechanical proveetion, cain mechanical protectio hs panition space out Db apart apart Deb apart protection owehins protection Hata apart protection 01125 a protection 01.28 apart protection 0.5m apart uilsadiaeent De Noo mech masonry muisonry elreults 12m masonry cireuitsacljacent bburied:cireuits0.25m 1 uried:citeuits 0.8 De buried alone buried.cireutstonchi fel: eireuits ap De buried; eineuits De huvied: eieuits «lions Deno micehniea! ‘oreuits 1 Noo mechanical sineuits 1 Ne mwehanigat cineuits DO Neo mcchanicat citeuitsDe alone mechanical | | proteetion b mechanical moteetion, enous | ‘ouch b. mechanical protwetion lnwuits Hata apt a De mechanical | i ip anot 1O) Hoge nha protection ircuits Hoi due BAN HUE LEP | iyycuiy marie | 1259 apa a digi nd 6 ri ede | PME MHC Lhasa | ssi eo Ahi prutection circuits ART 25m apart mechanical protection seieuits protection b, Kha nang mang tit cua day din : Kha nding many uti eta day diin 1, phy thude vio ede thdng sd sau: din dign (dény hay nda): St i cian iy dh chon phy thude vio gid thin, kieh thirde, irom thurdng lin hon 30% se vSi diy nhOm cing kieh tude = Vai Higu cdch digh (+ khOng 66, PVC, XLPESERP) : Vat Tigw ells digi nt buds div higt lei nit da dibu ign Kim vige 8A npn mach sew. «= Kigu cum dy din Diy din : Conductor Cp mor 104 : Single-core cable Cap nhidu [Oi : Multi- core cable = 88 pha 2 pha hay 3 pha «Phuong thie lip dit: Theo tiéu chudin IEC, chang ta eb cde phuony thite Lip dat sau: A, 1, C. DA Ce nha sin xudt cung edip ede bing tra cho ngutri thiét kd, chung ta e6 thé tham khio cae bing Wu cua ABB, Sebneider, Cadivi, = 107»any ura ly eva sehnelder Weleeies hic icon wor ' AL 2Pve aPyo |[sxtpe 2 xLPE | | ee : = et ie ae & re ee ere f aE Sa t pre Oe z Fe ee cee ee oe tae th ff in ‘Size (mm) Teens tras ds uss tetas lei ie m 2 o— et : ri ete 4 se se 5 ee ete se = a fe ae i teh z et = — tet ie ii ep na ee = ee te tae — ee te - SoS Se SS ee CT VV 2 pe ee ee ie ate 3a se 2a te a SS eet eo = - iy 130) 7 125. 138 sa ea mm Se ie — fff tet pe = = a a5 ar 43 gees a <= -— {eee Te: e 7 am au ss [ear [ary ovr [aar ea Sinh view winh bey céich se chung bang tra trén. = 108 -JRE MYL ADO DA Maa 4apIaMNy Is DNA ETF OND Dar Fung MATS TdT NZYp Fone Su yuPs ag sugue Dap Zeng Suey sas 999 Aipg aye aE aay eno en Fung¢, Cile he sé higu ehindy Cling mOL loa diy dan eda MOL Abel san SUdL, nhung néu diéu kign Mbigt db lim vige khiie nha, ceding nhus6 mach diy di chung khée mae rO ring 10 sinh huromg dén kha nang kim wige ea diy din. Hé 6 higu chinh theo mhigt d3 ki: Khi nbiét dO tng, kha nang mang tai cua day clin gidm va nguye Iai, khi mhiét d gia thi Khe Ming Mang a Lng. Dai veri edip khong lap dat ducii dit, nhigt dO chudn la 30°C, khi nhige dd moi trudme khae 30°C, ching tu phi iu ehinh theo hx nh su Nnigt dj moi | Cach dign Cao su ( ehbt | PVE SLE. EPR 0 a iis is 7 nz 20 12 (108 | bs | “07 Lo | 0 \ 1 38 on 93 0.90 Ww oR om oot 48 O21 079 087 30 Toss an Tos? | ss 5 oot 076 | “ E asa oni 6 : 068 70 \: i ose *% | 080 to Li oa | Déi véi cap lip dit dudi dat, nhigt do chudin 14 20°C. khi nhigt dd mai truing chén edp khae 20°C. ching ta pha higu chin theo hé sb ki mbit sau: reac) Cieh din pve XUPEEPR (6x0 (hen | 10 iW i ] 13 10s Hoa 20 1 1 28 ys 0.96 0 oxo 093 38 ost ox 0 077 ORs 1s ot on “0 vos O76 ss 035 o7 a as 9.65 }¢ 86 higu chink theo s6 lreng mych di chung ky Ahi s6 hong cip trong mach tang Ién, kha ndng tan niet cua img soi ea i gm, vt vy phat sir dung hg x6 higu chin ky thé hign anh hunmg tuemg hd cus 2 myech ke nhaus Hai diy dirge coi la c6 anh huomg lién ké nhau khi khoang eiieh 1, git hi lin dung kink edp lon nat eva cap noi tres day nho hon 2 = 110-Dat each khoang bat ke uta station | picture of | Cable to eableclearencerm ae, Method i_[ ibe [ois [028 [a o7s lox joss oo [oo | wos [a7 [ors [os [oss Riuicear or | deay inthe oo low [or [os ee eee oss [oss loos |o7 [ow 7 os_|oss fon | = | 0.98, in single way oes Maiticore | ducts inthe 09 sound 09 oo 098 I single way 09 SingleCore | ducis inthe oo {round 09 7 oo Reduction factor k2 for mult th Method — of notation | Doscrhptionbntaation method 4_[e_To om |o76| 07 Perforated trays touching cables) one Es (horizontal 99) O21 A aa =I 76] 071 | 066 si Perforated ways (spaced cables) see wnt a s (orion ways) - Gurls rome [075] 072 a Vertical poor ry oushing cables) 076 [om |07 br nose[2 ow — 3 _ ox 2 Laer suppor, slats, ats, LE a a {Govuhing eaten) i an ” ! le Laker support, eke te 3 2 oa zi (Gpoced cables 2 oe Reduction fuctor k2 for single-core cables with method of installation F Deseripion Use 7 Wines ine Method of | installation molipler to | Pitare ete installation | method rating fo 2|s mane hL sane eal oe [oi | ox? u Performed ey horn 2 09% |ax? | ost formation ais [eas oo [ose ives cables in u Vera aya | vertical os [ows Li 8 | formation 2 ‘Thee cables in 11087, 2 ar | _— fw fos! ul at formation a9 - mo ‘vee cables in oon a Perfor tays | gf formaion a _—— ua « Vertical THwce cables ia - E perfiaed ways | weil formation @ ‘ Lh i Ladders super, |‘Hwee cables oot [oes a clas, ee trefoil formation ra 3 |o96 }oss | 09 sM2eTo be used with sunrent canng Arrangement Number of circuits or multi-core cables capac hem _isablsetoushingl 128 438 76 942 16 20 roltores 1 Birehad eva on a Bae Gat astaca arbasias or Methods Ato ere T inp anon potvatad herent cr — 7 Tagelpronbaar Too Ge? Sm oh fig bem oF lasts ote, d, Phuong phip chon tiét dign diy din, Bue 1: Xae dinh dong didn tinh toan dé chon diy din hss Bunie 2: Xie dinh ede diéu kign : phuong thite lip dat, sé pha, vét ligu din di dign, logl diy din ( diy hay eA m6 It hay cap nhigu Koi Bure 3: Xe djnh ede hg 96 higu ehinh 1, k2 Bune 4 : Pra bing . xée dinh tidt dign 6 dong dign eho phép LK Hat Vai |, : Dong dign cho phep ena diy ddin (Nae dinh theo b, Kha nang mang tai eta day din), Vid : Chon tide dign cip theo ciic dic tink sau: = Clip dat wrong ddt (ed nbiét 6 sib chuucin 1a 15°C), nbice dé moi trucng dde le 159, shit a6 cha phép cia cap 80"C. + Ding dign tai 354 + Ciip di mbt minh Vidy : Chon tét ign cdp theo cite die tinh sau: + Clip deat trong dét (ed nhiga dé tide: chudin 1a 159C), nhidt dé mat treiing. de le 20°C, nhiet dé cho phép cua edip 80°C, + Doing dig tai 354 = Chip di chung, vii 4 nhiim (a), (2), (0), (el) nhue ink we <1 s2. Chon CB Cie thang sé chinh eda | CB it [Hgng myc Bon vj [Vidy IDign ap sir dung dink mire, Uy lv 690 b [Dong dink mite . 1, lA. 1000, 1250, [Dong tae dong 66 higu chink Khi qui tai, Ty [a (0.7-Dsl, 4 Pong dinh mite cit pin mach, Log kA 6 nt, CB ngoa dén phy tai, nd en déing vai tr Ki thigt bi io vg ngin mgch, Ny °B edn phai bio vé cho dudmg diy eip dign . dor dé ede dieu kign dé chon 1 CB nhur sau: bio ve qu cho phy t -Ue> Vam.LD “Mond = 'r = 12, sles ' short-current ‘Tron dd : Udi | Dign dp dink mite hoi dign Noad ¢ Dong dign phy Ty : Dong dign cho phép etin diy din Ishort-current ! Dong ngiin mach tai vj i Kip CB. Vidu Chen CB hae vé cho fai cd Po TORW, 4008, cose 0.9, 3 pha, sie dung cip 3x35? city Iida Cho ham. 100. 125, 160, 200, 250A Eidu: Cho tai 3 pha, P~ YOKW, U AN0¥, eas“ 0.9 Chon day din ver CB cho tai, biét Je-25inm? = 127A, f2-3Smum? = 158A, b2-70mmn? = 1924 Cha kin. CB = 100, 125, 160, 200, 250A, 3 Chon edu chi ldsCHUONG VIIL: CHAT LUQNG DIEN NANG 1. DO syt ap 1a, Khai nim Néu dién dp djt vio phy tii khong hoan toan diing véi dign Ap djnh mite etia thiet bj thi khi d6, thiét bj s@ lam vige khie voi cde thdng 34 djnh mite.Dong dign c6 thé ting Fen, kim dng eo bj qué tai. cong suit vd md men dng ex giam, anh huemg dn chit luong hoat dong cia thiét bj. Tham chi, mét sé thiét bj khong thé vin hank néu dign ap qui thip. 16 Iech dign ap durge dinh ngh su UUme 1090 (8.1) U Trong dé : U Udm did iy dg vo phy tai Aip dinh mite eiia phu tai Neuyen nb tai noi tidu thy dign 1d do: n gly ra d6 Igeh d hy : Tai eta ede hd tiéu thy ludn thay déi, din dén phan bé cong thay déi. va pid tri dign dip tai edie mat trong hé thing eding Bain thin eae hd tiéu suit trong hg thang ¢ thay dai, bi syed, Hg thdng bj syed: Nha ‘eye bd va kim cho dign Ap giam xudng, Thay déi phuong thire vin hanh eta hé thong : Thay déi phurong phire may. so d6 mang dign, s¢ lam cho dong phan bé eéng suat thay doi, in hanh nha Votoge Prot Voltage Profle at Peak Les Le Load Hint 4.1.19 igen dign ap theo tinh trying tH nip gidm din tir ngudén dén vii, vi sy thay doi my Hinh §.1 thé hign su phan bé d i dinh va Low load — non phu thuge tity theo ti ‘Theo * Quy trinh trang bj digDign dp dgt tren eye dng eo nim trong gidi voi dign dp dinh mite, trong rung hgp die bigt cho phep ting dign ap dén 10%, Béi vii dén thip sing sinh hogt thi dign dp khong durge thip hon dinh mite li 2.5% doi véi xi nghigp. 5% doi voi nh &. Trong trong hgp sy 66. dign dip trén dén khong durge gidm qin = yin 5% we Theo luiit di ire. quy dink Vé dign dp; trong digu kign b so véi dign ap danh dinh iia hes nh thudng, d Igeh dign ép cho phép tong khoiing + 5% va duge sde dinh tai vi tri dat thict bi do dem 6, dé léch dién ap cho phép tir +5% dén «10%; ap Chat lugng dign dp ro rang sé anh hudng dén dae bigt Ii khi dign ap thap. a. Cac thiét bj phat nhigt Cie thidt bj str dung nj nude ndng, bin ui, bép dig 1.2. Anh hudng etia dg teh digi fugng cua ede thiét bj sir dung dign, 1y phat mong etia dign irc nur : bing den syi did, «8 bj anh hurong rit nhieu theo dign dp. m 10% * Nhigi dé ph: = Dign dp tang cao b, Che dong co dign 10% khi dign ap qué nhigt : gy hoa hoan , anh hurdng dén wdi tho thigt bj Hoyt dong cua ede dong co dign s@ bi anh hurong khi CO sy thay d6i dign Ap. + Anh hudng dén qué trinh khor dng ding eo * Dien ap gi 2 co tang: qui tai, quid nigh s@ lim dong dong * Anh hudng dén qué tinh yin hinh dong ee do ede thict bj bao vé dign dp boat dong e. Che thidt bj dig iy tinh, du p thay di Cae thidt bj dign tr niu ti * ign dp thip lim gidm chit long ee thie bj : mau sie, dm thanh, . = Anh hudng lin dén tudi tho eta thiet bj Viidy : Khi bj qué fip 5%, tdi tho bong den hinh ivi giam 50% Hine 8.2 Thide bj dig vir 1.3. Cae bign phip didu chinh dign ip iin phi cho phep edi thign ehdt lugng dign ap, eu thé g ac MBA 6 rit ahidu = Thay déi dau phan ap eu - 116Thay doi edu trde hé thing = Thing Vang dign ap hé théng. Lip dat ty bir trén durving diy = Xily dung ca tram mai = Liip dgt edie thiét bj diéu ehinh dign ap Tong gido trinh ni, ehiing ta ehi tim hid phuwng phip thay doi diu phdin dp eva MBA vi phuimg phap Kip dat tu bi teen dime day. 1.4. Didu chin diu phin dip eda MBA Diu phin dip cia MBA chi yéu ding dé diu chinh dign Sp eta ede MBA dign Ive ¥ trong mot sé tnetmg hop ding dé diéu chinh woe pha, Trong hg thong plain phi phan dip ehii yéu ding dé duy tri mgt dign ap khong déi phia thir edp khi d so efip thay di. phia Cé nhidu logi diéu chinh dau phiin dp cla MBA, thy thude vio edip dign ap str dung va Ong suit cia MBA. Dau ph thirimg duge dit phia dign ap ip cao ca MBA, khi p diém chi phai chju ding dign nho, eding nhur thao tie chuyén diu phan ap it phat sinh hd quang. MBA 6 dau phan ap khong thude Logi diéu dp durvi ti in thay dé; diu phin dp bit bude phai 6 lap MBA ra khoi h thay ddi thudng Suyén dau phan ap, ma can tinh toan chon m thoa man duge yeu céu vé dién ‘ip tai ce ho tiéu thy dign trong ede tinh trang khde nhau eta phy tai Cove dai vi eye tiéu), dé cde di Xe mot MBA gidm dp, vi dy 10/15 kV. [i logi may duge str dyng dé bi 7 ir edip truyén tai 110k xuéng edp phan phdi ft 1SkV, MBA c6 phia cao ap la phia (a). phia hap 1a (b), 66 nde dicu chinh phan ap phia exo dp, MBA a b ~— js Hinh 8.8 MBA glam dip neat (82) Voi: Ups | Dign dp tong tmg eta du phan dp duge ghi trén nhan may Ugg ¢ Dign Gp khong tai eda MBA, phy thuge dig Ung 27.5% 2 Ugg 1 Ug iP ngiin mach % iit.Ung £705 %0: Ue = 1.08 Uday Sod6 thay thé tinh toan duge cho nhur sau Hint 8.4 So dd thay MBA giam dip c6 nomae ndi tiép voi mot tong ior cua MBA. khi thay déi diu phan ap. Dign Ap quy déi phia thir ep vé se cip U, ilu phéin ap durge thay thé b 1h0 MIRA gin ap bing mot MBA Ty turing 66 ti sb bién ap str ring tong tr Zn, khong thay doi Uy =U, - AU, (8.3) dng thivi, xét MBA Ii tong: Uy Ue (aa) u, uy Suy ra dign dp cin chon ¥ You eps BU | (85) Frong thyre té, tai thuding e6 2 ehé d6 lim vige : Ché do phy tai eye dyi ting véi e6ng sult Spay u in U pu = alu Ay (8.6) Ché d6 phy tai cue tiéu ting vdi cong suit Spin Iyer Aue (8,7) me ile " Che dtu phan ap trung binh: Ung *U nar U,, = (88) Vidu: MBA ISO0OKVA 35422.5%/10.5K¥. APN © 24kW, Uyas 6.5%. Ph tai dink mute: 8 1680 KVA, cose 0.8 Phu tai cue dai : Tai dink mie Uf! 9.7K UY = 34kV 1k.Phu tai cwe teu: Tai dint mie UP = 9,980.0!" = 363K" Chon dédu phin dp cho MBA 1.5. Ba tren dong day a. Bit dge trén dwong diy Mot cach gin ding, tn that dign ap ten dudng diy Ui Ig tuyén tinh vei cm khang dudng day, do dé dé diéu chinh dign ap dung day, ta digu chinh thay déi gid tr] cam Dign khang duimg day 1a him sé logarit eaa kich thude duéng diy, do dé, n6 chi thay doi rat it theo sy thay d6i cua kich thude niy. Npoai ra, vige thay doi kich thudie during day kho thye hign do chi phi diu tu cao. Cdn bign phap mac them ede dutmg diy song song 10 rang la eang khong kinh té Do do, ngurtrita-e6 thé str dung bit dge during, diy nhur la. mgt phuromg phap dom gin dé ting kh So dé thay th A R x coo Ane am Ih Day dan Tuba Ne Hint 8.8 1d dye trén ding diy Céng thite tinh di sud PRON =X.) AU ; (89) » thite dé tinh dung kixing bd ty bi Xe UA APR (8.10) 0 b. Bi ngang trén dung diy . Mue dich cua bi ngang trén dudng diy 1a thay déi dong edng sudt phan khang tai thanh edi. 4 R Ben & 3 {| Tom ing pl te he dang Oye Minh 8.6 Ha agang tren dung day COng thire tinh dd syt ap sau khi gin PROB IN t AU (8.11) ~ 119.(812) Vidw: Cho dieing déiy15kV, AC -120, 6hm ed rq 0.27, xy > 0.327. Tai S; ~ GODOKVA, cosp=0.8 wd, Yeu cau tin hao dién dp tren diedny day ~ 5 AC-120, 6km B ODOKVA, ———_+ wi €------------s J. Tinh dung Leong tu bis doe dat cudi diving day nh dung ligng te bingeing, dae tal thank edi tl 3. So scinh hé 86 cng sud nguén wide khi bieva sau khi ble ( 90 sinh 3 eich wri) 2. Ba cong sudt phan khang Mov tai tigu thy cong sult P-kW va Q-kVAr sd co hg 86 cong sudt Pp vreg Vat ed eae may dign vi thidt bj dign AC chit cde phin tr bién d6i dign tir ddu edn dong dign phan khing tao tir thong, Hay noi cach khic, ching doi hoi phai diye eung cap cng swat phan khing cho ching, ngoai cng sudt thie, (8.13) cos Nhang thiét bj tiéu thy nhiéu cong suat phan khang gbm cop 055-045 pin huymh quan. kludge 0,50-0,93, ftiy hin hd quan [hd quan Wang 81 Cie ehidt bj sar dymg cOng sult ph Do dé, edn thié phai cung cap edng sudt phin khing Q cho tai - 120-con @ Ta Hin 8.7 Cung cp e6ng suft eho tak Vige gid hg s6 cos tuong img vei vige giam cong sual phin khing Q wuyén wen duéng diy Neuyén fy bit eng sudt phan khang : COng su fit ta dung P tir ng yudn vin cung efip cho tai trong khi dé, cong suit phan khiing cung elp cho tai duge Kay tir 2 ngudn : Qs tir bi va (Q-Q,) tir ngudn, 1 a —__+ 1 My \ Lo os cosy 20, [ Hint 8.8 a c6ng swt phim khang Vige bi sé lim gidm dirge hrong céng sudt phiin khing Q ph ruyén trén durimg dy Viée bi céng sual phin khang ding nghia voi vide nang eno he s6 cong suit cos gnegn a? Hint 8.9 Méi quan 1g glow ba cong sudt phan khang vA cop O truyén trén dudng day gidm — gde @ gidm ++ te cosip sO ing [an 2.1. ¥ nghia vA mye dich ea vige ning cao cos. Gia tri vé mat kink té- giam tién dign phai tri a chinh phi so 105/2005/nd-ep ngay 17/08/2005 hanh mt s6 dicu cua lu he et vi hudng dan th Theo * Nghi di quy dinh eh “pidu % Chit lueng dign nang 2. Ben mua dign dé sin suit, kink dounh, dich vy c6 cOng, sud ste dyng eye dyi ir 80 kW hoge may bién ap c6 dung Itong tir 100 kVA (ro Ken o6 (ndeh nig: a) Dang ky biéu do phy tai va die tinh KY thud cong nghé cua thict bj sur dung di ben ban di b) Dim t thing d vai 1m da thigt bi clo dé didn trong digu kign he nding theo quy dink tai khoain F Digu ny: io hg sé cost’= 0.85 tai d dam bio chat Leong di ¢) Lap dat ihidt bj bi céng sudt phan khang trong tudng hyp hé 6 cost’ = 0.85 dé nding hg s6 cost’ 0,85 hose mua them edng suit phan khang ten hé thang dign etia ben ban dign hg thong dign, hai bén e6 thé thod thudn viée mua, bin céng sudt phi hop ding, ng thite dé tinh coxip cose fa (8.14) Tiéh mua cong suit phan khing Ko Tas kt (8.15) n mua eGing. suit phan khang, wt fo Tidh mua dign nang vie dung kz He s6 bt dap chi phi, durge site dinh theo bing | ew [kom | sr cop | eon 1 O88 o is on 7 ons 4 one 546 6 0.08 25.00 3 ost 404 067 26.8? 6 0.80 oas | oo 0.06 28.09 a 09 nv [ i 0.465 ww? ’ 078 sor | oo oot v4) ’ on wav [30 044 ue viet [os 0.02 v.10u 7s 13333 25 3934 12 oa vase | 30 [aan | ata 4 on vi Nie dinh chi phi mua céng suit phan khéng cho mat xi nghiép ed chi sé dién nang teu the Thoi gian kWh KVArh iid binh thudng 3000 2900 860 1200 750 480 500 450 1715 diém id eno diém b. Téi wu hoa kinh té, ky thudt Vige ning cao hé sé cong suit sé din dén ede gi ich ve ky thudt nhur sau ‘Tang kha ning mang uli etia MBA, diy din, etip hay thiét bj déng cat. rag po VP +e (8.16) vw Gidim t6n that edng sudt, thn that dign Ap wen day din AP S Re ear tah, (817) PRYQN PR OX : AU, & AU, R17 “t u ulu ea Ow @.17) 2.2, Cae thidt bj bd edng suat phiin kiuing Trong hg théng cung edp dign sur dyng cae ty ba dé bi cong suit phan khang. a. Clu (go ty bit Cau tao mot ty bi didn hinh nhu sau:& re 4 & ce daw ca. mf im 7 ab L tH—$§$= pines +i du baw ve Hints 10 Chu tye ag bi Cae diu eye ding dé déu ndi vei A cuit ty bit ngudn dign, ser dd diu ndi uy thude se dé du Y hay ign tree it Tidw An dign tich duge tieh tren ce ban eve eta ty dig khi mgudn ¢ ip che ty bir bj mat, (Clu ehi bio vg! Bio vg eho eae phiin ur ty, ede phan ue ty duge ndi song song nén khi indt phdin ti nde dé bj sy ed. nd 82 bj ed Lap boi cau chi cua nd, b. Cong suit eiia ty ba: Cong sudt cua tu phy thude vo dign ap = Oty (8.18) Operating Reactive Power — edng sudt ph ive Power cong suit phan hing dinh mie khang tai dign ap vain hinh Rated Rea Operating Voltage - dign sip van hanh Rated Voluge = dign ap djnh mite Cong suit eda wy phy thuge vio tin sb 2. = 0,42 (19) Qo Operating Reactive Power Qu ~ Rated Reactive Power ly Operating Frequency fi. Rated Frequeney Ltd Cho tu bie cb cong sudt JOOKVAr, 12.7 kV, Xde dink dong din van hanh cia te a. ign dp vn hainh 12.7 kV b. Dign dp vain hinh 8.66 kV 124H¢dui Cho 1 dived cong sudt IOOKVAr, 12.7 kV, Xée din ding dién van hanh eta tw a. Dign dp van hein 12.7 kV b, Dign dp vin hel 8.66 kP 2.3. Xée djnh dung legng bi a. Truong hyp téng quit Ching Ir case, djnh dung huge LiF ease, Ken gid a gmegia Ung, vii cowl 2. = Pig, Ving vii eo: QO, = Pree, Cong sudt cin bi dé nang hé sé cong suit tir eos! len cosip? Oh = 2, -G, = Pray, — Pin, = Puxe, - 180) b. Trung hyp nhiéu yj tri Xie dink dung lrgng bil 1 ru Qy, tad ede tt phan phdi sao cho hé sé cong sudt tai thanh edi TBA ting tit ease, In cose,Qe HQ HQ ut Qh SB EP Ht B, Qn = PAIR, HPD) Cong th dink dung higng bi ii au tai ete i phin phdi 0 WO Vide: Nite clita deange tncing bit ti aeve teed echo U4 p ther caid MBA der 0.98, Char te be 20,30 VAP fun phoi sav che be 8 cdne sudt tai = +490 on) PxN2 sauisesqtse rong LEMON 20m Shldoehdte 1m Cho 10-80 — 0.387. 10-25 0.727, 10-16 1158 Oekn - 126 -ng hai . Khai nigm vé song hai a. Khai nigm Trong hé thang ly wong, dign thudng day li d hi p dire cung cdp t6i thidt bj cia khich hing, vi thong Néu tdi 1d Jogi tai tuyén tinh (Uva Fi 1g tuyén tinh), thi dong dign tai ding wyén tinh, va khi dé dign dip trong hé thang cting 1a dién ap thuan sin, Tuy nhidn, trong thue ttn tai nit nhidu Jogi tai phi tuyén — nonlinear loud, dé 1d logi tai ma U va Ted ede mdi quan hg phire tp. khéng phai li tuyén tink, Vi dy ching ta quan sit dang séng dign dp va dong dién cia mét tai phi tuyén dign tre theo hin did Nonlinear Restor Hinh 4, ign dip vi ding dign tii phi tuyén i sit nguén dign thudn sin_duge edp cho mot phu Lai 1d MOL di phi tuyén, vi du nhur bé chinh hu edu 1 pha. Dé ding hin thdy ring dae diém eta bd chink bru edu 1 pha la dong dign sé khéng thudin sin, hay ndi edieh khée 1a bj méo dang, Diy din ndi gitta tii vi ngudn co mot gia tr} dign ure va dign khang ndo dé nhw hinh ve, ign ap ign ap Rei irén during daly Thanh ea tai Dignan “mn ong alga Méo dyng Hin 8.119 thdng tl phi tyeTa cé se dé wong ducng Ve My oe Cy oe Newou Newon sinh song Inht tl phd tuyén Hinb 8. M6 hin ng ii bj méo dng Ih s@ to ra trén diy din mdt dign dp roi bi méo dang AVels Za Dong dig Do do, di ring dign dp nay tgi thanh edi tai s¢ bing dign dp ngudn tir dign dp rai tren cy din vii 18 Hi mot dign dp bi méo dang, Cling twang tw nur vay, bit ky mat dém no trén hé théng eting s€ ¢6 dign dp bi méo dang. Va eiing 66 thé noi rang. trong thyre té hdu nhu ede dang sng dign dp déu_ khéng hudn sin, Theo ly thuyét phan (ich Fourier, mot dang song bat ky v(0) durye phan tich thanh ede thinh phan + . vs By ES Ca cos kw ct hy sin de pve kod dén ve Hay VU) = Bob Ley sinha +g) Tron di; ty 2a /T Dr iy Alin 9 ite cor Vi cae hé sb duge xac theo céng thite: a 4, = fueostuitdt k= 1, ro * foun sin dint dt (k= 128.000) a Nhu vay. néu sip dung phuong phap phan tich Fourier eho mot dang s6ng bj méo dang, lu 6@ thé teh né thanh ede thanh ede thanh phan thudn sin, C6 thé xem ket qua phan tich Fourier mot dong di¢n khéng sin nu hinh dui, chong tw thdy cae thanb phin ngoai tin x6 co ban 66 gid tj kha lon.Tom lai. mOt dang sing bj méo dang béi vi ngoi 60Hz). n6 con chita eée thinh phan ngodi tin sé #01 [a hoa tin hay 1a séng hai, Vi du. chiing 1a 6 ede think phan cia mét dng song sau: Thanh pha in f60Hz, bién do 220 Thinh phan bje 3, f180Hz. bién do 5 Thinh phan bie 5. f300Hz, bign do 15 thank phan eo bint vi dy SOHz hay ban, Nhing than phin nay duge J \ 40 es YoY Ranken IE : AAR NARA Aehe VAAAMA est + AAAN AAA i soe ae eo He iNet yao He thei Hioh 8. Ting bgpHai bike celia mOt thinh phan eer ban tin s6 fC vi du 50H, 60112) liv thinh phin ma né in 86 fy: fens ty Néu nO, trong tng vii thinh phin DC cia dang song. We L3.5,7osoet thdinh phan hai be Nh 24,6.8..007 think phin hai ehd 2 hai dang song hai toan phin (THD) nD i ih f Vési Pla bidn do eta hadi that i, vei Py te bien do etter hadi co bein. D6 méo dyng séng hai ting phin (IHD) mp! I RMS =F y, Cho ket qua phiin tich eva mgt sing hai ® RMS~40 {yoo Iye2d Is=2 Io 18 Ig = 23 Nete dint : THD IHD 3.2. Cae nguén sinh song hii Cé nhidu edeh dé phan Jogi ngubn to ra s6ng hai, trong gio trinh nay, ehiing ta 66 thé tm chia thanh 2 foal nhur sau: a, Cii til truyén théng phi tuyén MQ nhém ede loai tai phi tuyén truyén théng hay thudng gdp ip. ... dae diém cua eile Lowi tai phi tuyén nay li do mach tir gs: dOng co. miy bién Neuyén nhdn li do doe tinh tr hoa khong tuyén tinh eta 101 thép. 130Cunant Hin 8, Dating eang te hoa MBA Cie may bién dp Ine duge ehé tao dé str dung & duc diém knee" ea de tinh bie hoa tir hoa. Néw MBA vin inh vidi pal hom digi wid han my, dong. dgn va dig dip e6 moi quan bé wyén tinh, vi song hai rit nhd, New MBA van hinh vii dign dp bit dau vigt qua diém giti han thi khi dé mdi quan he dign ap va dong dign ki phi tuyén, ‘vii cic thanh phan hai bit diu ving. Rat nhiéu cing ty dign lye dura ra cite gid hyn ve gi tr] t6n hao khong ta v MBA, khi dé, ciie ni sin suit sO 6 pang. dé sin suit edie MBBA vii ete gi cho phép, Digu nay so din dén nhicu thép hon trong much tir, dug cong tir hi cao vi hu qui li dong dign hii eta ede MBA s& thap. Mie div ding dign song. hai nho hon 1% dong dinh mire ct MBA ti dign dip inh mite, Nhumg né eiing cin diroe chil y khi hé thing thang eta ehiing ued rit nhidu MBA ¢ vi dy. trén dja bin TP.HCM e6 tren 10 000 MBA dang hogt ddgng), vil dge bigt Ia vio ee | | | | | gid thip diém. khi dign ap 77 88 as oe aa ting cao, Taw Hinh tran trinh bay ding dign | 8 hai cia mgt MBA mt pha, eé thank phin bie 3 wen déi lin, Cie 1 hd quang, don huynh quang, tivi, ... vei dge digm Li 6 syt phiing dign rp y inh 8. Ding dig tr hia MBA oitii truyén thing 1a eée tii nhu Ho hd quang dign, dén huynh hCRT. .... Dae diém cha nhém wii nay 1 hogt dong dyra wen sy phong Den huynh quang duge sit dung ed cong sudt chiém wr 40-60% ti mg suit wi mi nha cao ting, dong thei cing 1a thiét bj chiéu sing cha yéu trong ede ho adinh, Dén hugnh quang duge sir dung rit nhigu vi no tiéu thu nding bong wong dbi itso voi dén syi dét, Dén huynh quang li dén phéng dign, n6 ddi hoi eo mot ballast tao ra mot dign dip cao phil sinh su phong dign gidta 2 dign eye, tir dé sé e6 dong dign chyy gida 2 dign cue trong ong huynh quang, Khi dong dign phéng dign duge thiét lip. dign ap pita 2 dién eye sé gidm xudng, Dong thi’ khi dé ballast cing déng vai tro mot thiet bj gidi han dong phong, C6 2 Logi ballast, mt loa tir (magnectic) va mét loai dign ti (electronic). Logi tir duge edu tao don gin boi mot Ii théep MBA. Logi dign tir duge edu tao nhu mot bb déng, efit dign dp, bién déi dien dp ngd vao tin sé co ban thank tin higu dién ap c6 tin 36 25» 40KHZ. Den huynh quang sit dung ballast tir sé wo ra dong dign méo dang, voi do meo dang tan phin THD ©15 %, Thanh phin hai cha yéu li thanh phan hai bie 3. o Ba aoe Frequency (M2) Hinh 8, Bong sng vi phd eau dén huyab quang ballast tr, Den huynh quang sir dung ballast dign tt e6 ding dign bj méo dyng nhieu hon, €6 he s6 méo dang toin phin THD tir 10-32 %, Hiu hét cde dén huynh guang str dyny ballast dign tr déu phai str dung mach Ipc thy dong (passive filtering) dé han ehé he o THD dus 20%,rr = a © oe] 4] ‘cure as eal oe 01 Frecicy eh Minh 8. Dyn sng va phd euia én huyah quang ballast diga tir b, Cie bd bién d6i dig ti cong sudit ie thidt bj dign vir cdng sudt, mA nguyen ly how dong dya vio sy dong, didn tr eGng sudt nh Diode, thyristor, triae, thidt bj wo ra cde ngudn sing hii, Dé lt cae bd lu dign UP eo AC, cdc bd dicu khién dong co DC, BO u khién dong cor De ep BG didu khién dong eo DC le NA 6 so dé nguyén ly nh BOE wee wt NN hinh va ching théng BAS _ thing sit dung bd chinh va 7 ! te lim clu 3 pha didu khién ( ¥ mt (DE may be expe thom some oe thyristor). Duong nhién, x kk omiaus | MPMAP Bee eueDIY dong dign ngudn cp dién aoe cho bd didu khidn dong co phai 1 dong DC khong sin. Hin &, BO didu khidn ead DC BO diéu khién dng co AC BG dieu khién dong co AC (bd bidn tin) st dung nguyén ly diéu ché dQ rong xung PAM cf so dé nguyén ly nhur hinh dud, ‘Thanh phin thir nhat ctia bd} dicu khién AC Lai b6 chinh luu, ngd ra eta bd chinh liru, dign Ap DC Ki. ngd vao cia bp nghjch hm, BO diéu khién sé didu khién tai AC bang cach thay déi dién dp va tin 36 npd ra cia bd nghjch Inu, Dang dang song v) edp dign cho b§- nghjeh lu dirge cho phia phai eta hinh ve. - 133-aiceks tronststor eke ahs dak f yf Hin ¥, BQ didu khién tai AC 3.3. Anh hung eda song hai cia Séng hai la kin néng ede thidt bj trong hg thdng nh MBA, Nhigt lugng tigu hao trén mt phin ti ed dign trey R mg voi thin Mich las Anh hudng thir ahd phin dong dign I AR, = 1,8 Lar y ; lus ki dong dign 1A or tin 56 650112 sinh ra nhigt gap 40% so voi dong dign 1A. 6 tin sé SOHz, do dign wo day din ting theo tin sé. Do do, thinh phin hai eding cao s@ kim cho cde phan tir bj toa nhigt edag nhidu, din dén qué tai, lao hoa va hu hong thigt bi Mit dae diéim khde etia hign tuomg sing hai. d6 1a thiinh phiin hai bile 3 tren diy trung. Hinh s@ 66 itr} in pip 3 Kan than phi in hai be 3 tren dy pha, trong khi dong trung Linh eda thanh phan co ban 1a zero, xét trong, hé théng 3 pha doi xtmng, Hob 8, Hai bbe 3 8a dy trang ial Nhu vy, néu thinh phi hai be 3 16m thi s@ Lam qué nbigt hay quit al dy trung tinh, ( ehudn HEC, ndu thinh phi hai bge 3 In hon 40% thi phat chon ti din diy Theo ti Song hai anh huréng rit kin di voi wy dign, do tOng tro cba ti 1g nghjeh voi tn sb Z V/j@C. Nhu vay elin phai chit ¥ dén dinh mire cua tu dign va do quit wii cho phép - 134-m nhe | ic tam dong cia séng ha tic 3 pha eta cae ¢ ta c6 thé st dung cdich mie sao 1 dign, pay ra hu hong (dong, kVar va ap), DE trung tinh cach ly hoge Trong mot sé trudmg hyp sy cong hung trong mach d hing hu hong nghiém trong khie, Song hai dign Gp bop meo dng sng dign dp, (rong trang hgp NghIeM trong gay ra gid tr] dink qua cao lam hu hong cach dign va giim tuoi th cua thict bj Gidm hé 56 edng sult. gidm higu suit eda hid bi dign Lam cho eae thidt bj bao vé (clu chi va role) c6 thé hogt dong khéng chinh xae thiét bj vién thing. Song hai trong hé thang dign cé thé giao thoa voi mach thoi. Didu ny thurmg xay ra khi cde durimg diy didn thoal khng ed v6 boc ehay song song Voi durtmg day didn & mot khoang each wong déi gin. Nguyén nhdin la do song hai dong dign chiy trong dudng diy dign s¢ di qua dign cim pitta 2 duréme day va di vio dudng day dign thoai 3.4, Cée bign phap han ché song had a. Strdyng MBA néi A/Y MOL trong nhitng bign phap hitw higu dé han ché s6ng hai tie do 1a str dying miy bién ap ndiY/A. Hau nhu ee MBA phin phé dign durge ndi theo kiéu niy dén dign ap ng ng str dung tren hid Minti 8, Song hil trong MIA ni ¥/A (aren ) vi Y¥ (deri) Néu may bién dp ndi Y/Y, thinh phin hai bje 3 s¢ cha trong day trung tinh tir eudn ther cdp sang cudn so edp, va tir do chay vito cée pha, . Neoili ra, str dung eich div day Zig Zag may bién ap eo thé hyn ehé ede thank phan song hati khie 135b. Sir dung mgch Ipc thy dng Mach loc thy déng, edu tao don gidn gdm ede thin phin L va C, vi dy nha mach RLC ndi tip nhur hinh vé, Tay theo cde gid tri L vi C, mach s@ cong hudng. igi mot tin sé ma ngudi thiét ké di xée dinh sin cho mOt bde hai nao do. Tai tin sé chng huang, mach s¢ ed gid tr] tong tr nho nhdt vi dong dign hai edng hung sé di qua, khong tro vé ngudn, MOt b6 mach Ige thy dong thong thing gdm nhigu mach loc khée nhau trong img nhidu bée hai khie nhau mae song song. Vi du bic 3. 5, 7,9 Ngoai ra, chiing ta cing c6 logi mach Ige dirge cdu tao dé loc dai tin sé ndo dé, ic séng hai trong mot ao Zyl Hinh 8, Mgch ige thy dng ¢, Sirdyng mach lge tich eve Cie tii phi tuyén khi hoat dong thi dong dign ¢6 chia ede thinh phiin hai, hay noi eich khic, mudn cho ede tai phi tuyén hoat dong thi ngubn phai cung edp déng thoi think phan tin sé eo ban va ede thanh phan song hai, vine i | ar] ) 3 ") ne y1 Y g _ + | Shun-aPr Hin % Much tye tieh eye Dang thi, ede bd bién ddi cng sudt khi hoat ding thi sé igo ra sng hai. Nhu vy. nguyén ly hogt ding etia eda mych lye teh eye nhur sau: Dang dign tai edn duye eung cfp biti 2 thinh phin: iin iy Thanh phan co bin i; duge cung cép boi ngubn ket - 136-i, duge cung ep boi mgch loc ine Neudn dign chi edn cung dp th dong dign hai chay vé ngudn, phi bi tin sé eo bin cho mach loc, do dé khong c6 -137-CHUONG IX: CHIEU SANG CONG NGHIEP 1, KHALNIEM CHUNG Trong bit et x nghigp no, ngodi chiéu sing ty nhign ebm phi ding chidu sing nhin to. Hign nay phd bign nit la ding dén dign dé chigu sing nbn tyo, 86d nur vy bi vi chidu sing dign eé nhing wu diém sau: thiét bj don gidn, sit dung thugn tien, id thinh ré, yo duge dinh sing gin gidng nh sing ty nhién, Nhang s6 ligu sau diy ndi 1én vai 0 eta chidu sing quan wongetla chidu sing wong XNCN. New ta da tinh ring & | xi nghigp dgt, néu dd roi tang 1.5 lin thi thi gian dé tn ee thao ule eh yéu sé gidm #-28% : nang sua lao dng tang 4-5%, Tron phn suomg nu inh sing khdng du. edng nhin sé phal tim vige trong trang thd eang thang. hai mit, hai site khog, ket qua Id gdy ra hing toat phé phim vi ning suit tao dong sim sit vn, Bd Ta chu Ke én nhimg cOng vige khong thé lim dirge néu khong du inh sing hode dinh sing khong gidng anh sing w nhién, Chang han cong tie o bd phiin kiém tra chat Ivong miy, nhudm mau va sip cht in v.v... Vi thé vin dé chigu sing da duge chi ¥ nghién cu trén nbiéu Tink ve chuyen sfiu phur nghién ctu vé ngudn sang, chidu sang cdng nghigp, chiéu sang nha &, chigu sing cOng trinh nghé thudt vin hoa vv... Trong chuong nay chi dé edp dén nhong van dé co bin nbdt trong chigu sing eéng nghigp ma thoi. 2, CAC DAI LUQNG VA DON VI DO ANH SANG 2.1. Anh sing va dg nhay mit nguii. Anh sing la cite bite xg dign tie bude song nim trong ving quang pho nhin thay duege bang mat thudmg (tire 1a tir khoang 400 nm dén 700 nm). anh Xonh Vang Com BS fom inedy = 380 550 76 Fm Hinh 9.1 Cae bude song anh sing Anh sing do Mat Tréi tao ra con duge goi Li dnh ning (hay con goi 1a anh sing tring bao gém nhidéu dnh sing don sic bién thign lign tue tir dé dén tim = 138 =Minh 9.2 Mit ting Kite tan glide dang thn soe ‘un dh koa tain te nar Wikipedr Vong mae ngudi ed 2 loai té bao: if bio pay va té bio non, Té bio gay c6 chire ning vie dinh vé edu uie, binh thé vat. nhong hinh anh trong ti. 1é bio non 66 chire ning wie dinh rd vé miu stig, d} sie nél, Trong dé, 1 blo nén kai duge phil fn mau sie dinh sing tong dng voi 3 ving quang pho khie nhau. Sy két hop cing hie 3 tin higu tir 3 logi té bao nay tao nén nhimg am gide mau sie phong phi, 109 2 son 40 90 7 09 ano Jinn 9.8 BD hip thy dn sing thee bude song cua ba td bdo Mie kink thnk nin ede ducing mau) dew td tan cana ttye sn sing yeu (wing each) «mat meet Newdiidtdcd Adi fodn thar me Wikipedi Vi mit ngwéi chi nhgy cam véi ba ving quang phé (gin wong dng voi ving cam, xanh la ey va xanh am trén quang phd), phoi mau phat x thudéng chi won sing 6 mau do, Sanh hi ey va anh lam (oH Ki mau Bde) dé wo ve hau hét mau sic -139-