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SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING D M Dhamdhere @) @ Tata McGraw-Hill Published by Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited, 7 West Patel Nagar, New Delhi 110 008 Systems Programming Copyright © 2011 by Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited. First reprint 2011 RBZCRRBGRCOQZ, No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise or stored in a database or retrieval system without the prior written permission of the publishers. The program listings (if any) may be entered, stored and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. This edition can be exported from India only by the publishers, Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited. ISBN (13): 978-0-07-133311-5 ISBN (10): 0-07-133311-8 Vice President and Managing Director—MeGraw-Hill Education, Asia Pacific Region: Ajay Shukla Head—Higher Education Publishing and Marketing: Vibha Mahajan Publishing Manager—SEM & Tech Ed.: Shalini Jha Editorial Researcher: Noaman Khan Sr Copy Editor: Nimisha Kapoor Sr Production Manager: Satinder S Baveja Marketing Manager—Higher Education: Vijay S Jagannathan Sr Product Specialist—SEM & Tech Bd.: John Mathews General Manager—Production: Rajender P Ghansela Asst General Manager—Produetion: B L Dogra Information contained in this work has been obtained by Tata McGraw-Hill, from sources believed to be reliable, However, neither Tata McGraw-Hill nor its authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and neither Tata McGraw-Hill nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information. This work is published with the understanding that Tata McGraw-Hill and its authors are supplying information but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought. ‘Typeset at Script Makers, 19, Al-B, DDA Market, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi 110 063 and text printed at Adarsh Printers, C-50-51, Mohan Park, Naveen Shahdara, Delhi ~ 110032 Cover Designer: Meenu Raghav Cover Printer: A. B. Offset Contents Preface x 1._Introduction J 1.1 What is System Software? 2 1.2 Goals of System Software 4 1.2.1 User Convenience 5 1.2.2 Efficient Use 6 1.2.3 Non-interference 6 1.3 System Programs and Systems Programming 8 1.4 The Wonderland of System Software 8 1.4.1 The Program Development and Production Environments 9 1.4.2 Making Software Portable ul 1.4.3 Realizing Benefits of the Internet 12 1.4.4 Treating Programs as Components 13 1.4.5 Quick-and-Dirty Programming 14 1.4.6 The Embedded System Environment 15 1.4.7 Dynamic Specification, Flexibility, and Adaptive Software 16 1.5 Views of System Software 19 1.5.1 The User-Centric View of System Software 20 1.5.2 The System-Centric View of System Software 20 ‘1.6 Overview of the Book 1.7 Summary 2 Test Your Concepts 23 Bibliography 23 Part | : Language Processors pS 2. Overview of Language Processors a 2.1 Programming Languages and Language Processors 28 2.1.1 Kinds of Language Processors 30 2.1.2 Procedure Oriented and Problem Oriented Programming Languages 32 2.2 Language Processing Activities 33 2.2.1 Program Generation 34

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