FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALSFOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
D
AVID
H.
P
ICKUP
;
C
HRISTOPHER
H.R
OSICK
;
J
OSEPH
N
ICOLOSI
;
R
OBERT
V
AZZO
;
N
ATIONAL
A
SSOCIATIONFOR
R
ESEARCH AND
T
HERAPY OF
H
OMOSEXUALITY
, a Utah non-profitorganization; A
MERICAN
A
SSOCIATION OF
C
HRISTIAN
C
OUNSELORS
, a Virginia non-profitassociation; J
ACK
D
OE
1, Parent of John Doe 1; J
ANE
D
OE
1, Parent of John Doe 1; J
OHN
D
OE
1, a minor,guardian ad litem Jane Doe, guardianad litem Jack Doe; J
ACK
D
OE
2,Parent of John Doe 2; J
ANE
D
OE
2,Parent of John Doe 2; J
OHN
D
OE
2, aminor, guardian ad litem Jack Doe,guardian ad litem Jane Doe,
Plaintiffs-Appellants
,v.E
DMUND
G.
B
ROWN
,
J
R
., Governor of the State of California, in hisofficial capacity; A
NNA
M.C
ABALLERO
, Secretary of theCalifornia State and Consumer Services Agency, in her officialcapacity; S
HARON
L
EVINE
, Presidentof the Medical Board of California,in her official capacity; K
IM
No. 12-17681D.C. No.2:12-CV-02497-KJM-EFB
P
ICKUP V
.
B
ROWN
2M
ADSEN
, Executive Officer of theCalifornia Board of BehavioralSciences, in her official capacity;M
ICHAEL
E
RICKSON
, President of theCalifornia Board of Psychology, inhis official capacity,
Defendants-Appellees
,andE
QUALITY
C
ALIFORNIA
,
Intervenor-Defendant-Appellee
.Appeal from the United States District Courtfor the Eastern District of CaliforniaKimberly J. Mueller, District Judge, PresidingD
ONALD
W
ELCH
;
A
NTHONY
D
UK
;A
ARON
B
ITZER
,
Plaintiffs-Appellees
,v.E
DMUND
G.
B
ROWN
,
J
R
., Governor of the State of California, in hisofficial capacity; A
NNA
M.C
ABALLERO
, Secretary of CaliforniaState and Consumer ServicesAgency, in her official capacity;D
ENISE
B
ROWN
, Case Manager,Director of Consumer Affairs, in her official capacity; C
HRISTINE
No. 13-15023D.C. No.2:12-CV-02484-WBS-KJNOPINION
P
ICKUP V
.
B
ROWN
3W
IETLISBACH
,
P
ATRICIA
L
OCK
-D
AWSON
,
S
AMARA
A
SHLEY
,
H
ARRY
D
OUGLAS
,
J
ULIA
J
OHNSON
,
S
ARITA
K
OHLI
,
R
ENEE
L
ONNER
,
K
AREN
P
INES
,
C
HRISTINA
W
ONG
, in their official capacities as members of theCalifornia Board of BehavioralSciences; S
HARON
L
EVINE
,
M
ICHAEL
B
ISHOP
,
S
ILVIA
D
IEGO
,
D
EV
G
NANADEV
,
R
EGINALD
L
OW
,
D
ENISE
P
INES
,
J
ANET
S
ALOMONSON
,
G
ERRIE
S
CHIPSKE
,
D
AVID
S
ERRANO
S
EWELL
,B
ARBARA
Y
AROSLAVSKY
, in their official capacities as members of theMedical Board of California,
Defendants-Appellants
.Appeal from the United States District Courtfor the Eastern District of CaliforniaWilliam B. Shubb, Senior District Judge, PresidingArgued and SubmittedApril 17, 2013—San Francisco, CaliforniaFiled August 29, 2013Before: Alex Kozinski, Chief Judge, and Susan P. Graber,and Morgan Christen, Circuit Judges.Opinion by Judge Graber