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(b) Defenses; Admissions and Denials.
(1)
In General.
In responding to a pleading, a party must:
(A)
state in short and plain terms its defenses to each claim asserted against it; and
(B)
admit or deny the allegations asserted against it by an opposing party.
(2)
Denials--Responding to the Substance.
A denial must fairly respond to the substance of the allegation.
(3)
General and Specific Denials.
A party that intends in good faith to deny all the allegations of a pleading--including the jurisdictional grounds--may do so by a general denial. A party that does not intend to deny all the allegations must either specifically deny designated allegations or generally deny all except those specifically admitted.
(4)
Denying Part of an Allegation.
A party that intends in good faith to deny only part of an allegation must admit the part that is true and deny the rest.
(5)
Lacking Knowledge or Information.
A party that lacks knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief about the truth of an allegation must so state, and the statement has the effect of a denial.
(6)
Effect of Failing to Deny.
An allegation--other than one relating to the amount of damages--is admitted if a responsive pleading is required and the allegation is not denied. If a responsive pleading is not required, an allegation is considered denied or avoided. Fed. R. Civ. P. 8.
“
Rule 11 unquestionably requires a party and a lawyer to make a reasonable inquiry before denying factual contentions on an asserted belief or lack of information.
”
Bank of Am., N.A. v. Malibu Canyon Investors, LLC, 2:10-CV-00396-KJD, 2012 WL 115577 (D. Nev. Jan. 13, 2012)
. Further, in the Ninth Circuit, “
an answer asserting want of knowledge sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of facts alleged in a complaint does not serve as a denial if the assertion of ignorance is obviously sham. In such circumstances the facts alleged in the complaint stand admitted
.”
Harvey Aluminum (Inc.) v. N.L.R.B., 335 F.2d 749, 758 (9th Cir. 1964).
ANALYSIS
Defendant’s Answer is deficient under Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(b) for several reasons.
Defendant pleads
that it “lacks knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief about the truth” of
numerous factual allegations that are uniquely and necessarily
within Defendant’s knowledge.
In
Case 2:14-cv-00167-JCM-CWH Document 7 Filed 03/25/14 Page 3 of 8