LEADERSHIP in NURSING

Phresmerfi D. Noval

objectives
At the end of my report, my fellow nurse professionals will be able to:
Define leadership in nursing context. Differentiate leadership from management in nursing List and describe the 9 leadership theories Discriminate one leadership theory from the other. Name and identify the 7 common leadership styles applicable in nursing. Compare and criticize the listed leadership theories as well as the styles in leadership.

A Leadership Story:
A group of workers and their leaders are set a task of clearing a road through a dense jungle on a remote island to get to the coast where an estuary provides a perfect site for a port. The leaders organise the labour into efficient units and monitor the distribution and use of capital assets progress is excellent. The leaders continue to monitor and evaluate progress, making adjustments along the way to ensure the progress is maintained and efficiency increased wherever possible. Then, one day amidst all the hustle and bustle and activity, one person climbs up a nearby tree. The person surveys the scene from the top of the tree.

A Leadership Story:

And shouts down to the assembled group below Wrong Way!

Management is doing things right, leadership is doing the right things
(Warren Bennis and Peter Drucker)

Leadership defined.

front

moving forward taking risks Status challenging

quo

Leadership defined.
Leader guides people and groups to accomplish common goals, influences the beliefs, opinions, or behaviors of a person, group, or groups of people.

What Is Leadership?
Leadership
The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of goals. Management Use of authority inherent in designated formal rank to obtain compliance from organizational members.

Nurse leader

is able to inspire others on the health care team to make patient education an important aspect of all care activities. Leadership qualities: unique personality characteristics, exceptional clinical expertise, relationships with others in the organization.

GREAT MAN THEORY

Some are born to lead, whereas others are born to be led

TRAIT THEORY
Trait theories assume that some people have certain characteristics or personality traits that make them better leaders than others

TRAIT THEORY
CATEGORIES/ TRAITS

PHYSICAL

BACKGROUND INFO

INTELLIGENCE PERSONALITY

TASK-ORIENTED CHARACTERISTICS SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS

SITUATIONAL THEORY
Mary Parker Follett (1926)

that leadership style should vary according to the situation or the employees involved
-stressed the need for integration, which involved finding a solution that satisfied both sides without having one side dominate the other

CONTINGENCY THEORY
Fiedler (1967)

no one leadership style is ideal for every situation

CONTINGENCY THEORY
Fiedler (1967)

no one leadership style is ideal for every situation

TRANSACTIONAL THEORY transactional leader concerned with the day-today operations

TRANSFORMATIONAL THEORY

Burns (1978)

TRANSFORMATIONAL THEORY
Visioning - mark of the transformational leader,

nurses

at all levels are expected to demonstrate

leadership in setting direction for nursing practice, and

that visionary leadership allows nurses to create a picture of an ideal future.

In sharing these visions, the transformational leader

empowers staff to find common ground and a sense of connection.

PATH-GOAL THEORY

leaders encourage and support their followers in achieving the goals they have been set by making the path that they should take clear and easy.

PATH-GOAL THEORY
LEADERS: Clarify the path so subordinates know which way to go. Remove roadblocks that are stopping them going there. Increasing the rewards along the route.

PATH-GOAL THEORY
four styles of leadership:

Supportive leadership Directive leadership

Participative leadership
Achievement-oriented leadership

Integrative Leadership

Integrative Leadership is a holistic, reflective and responsive approach to leading oneself, leading others, and leading in the organization.
Integrative Leadership: Building a Foundation for Personal, Interpersonal and Organizational Success (2005) Integrative Leadership Self Study Guide (in press 2008).

eight universal principles

Integrative Leadership
personal

eight universal principles organizational

interpersonal

physical

mental

emotional

spiritual

Intelligences awakening and development

eight universal principles

ONENESS
eight universal principles Will I react as I always
have from habits, traditions, customs or turbulent emotional states?

Integrative Leadership

mechanistic
physical

organic
mental

Will I reflect and then choose to respond to the situation in accord with the highest, noblest and best I can envision and embody as my Ideal Self?

hollistic

conscious Subconscious supraconscious

emotional

spiritual

Intelligences awakening and development

eight universal principles

ONENESS
Will I react as I always have from habits, traditions, customs or turbulent emotional states?

Integrative Leadership

mechanistic mechanistic
physical

conscious Subconscious supraconscious

mental
emotional

organic organic

Will I reflect and then choose to respond to the situation in accord with the highest, noblest and best I can envision and embody as my Ideal Self?

hollistic hollistic

spiritual

Intelligences awakening and development

LEADERSHIP STYLES

LEADERSHIP STYLES

Situational leadership style

suggests that a leader differs depending on the situation.

 compromise between autocratic and democratic leadership. empowers workers and encourages selfconfidence. All employees are allowed to share ideas and contribute to reaching the goal no secrets or information kept from the workers with this style. Control and power are spread throughout the group.

Multicratic leaders

Result-based leadership
Effective leadership = attributes results. DEFINE results by understanding audience and customer needs. "What is wanted?" before they decided how to meet these needs.

SERVANT LEADERSHIP
Robert K. Greenleaf (19041990) giving priority attention to the needs of their colleagues and those they serve. servant first, who has responsibility to be in the world, and so he contributes to the wellbeing of people and community. looks to the needs of the people and asks himself how he can help them to solve problems and promote personal development

servant leadeR
Characteristics
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Listening 8. Stewardship Empathy 9. Commitment to the growth of Healing people Awareness 10.Building PersuasioN community Conceptualization Foresight