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Chapter

Introduction to Visual Basic.NET 2005

McGraw-Hill

2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter Objectives (1 of 2)
Describe the process of visual program design and development Explain the term object-oriented programming Explain the concepts of classes, objects, properties, methods, and events List and describe the three steps for writing a Visual Basic project Describe the various files that make up a Visual Basic project

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Chapter Objectives (2 of 2)
Identify the elements in the Visual Studio environment Define design time, run time, and debug time Write, run, save, print, and modify your first Visual Basic project Identify syntax errors, run-time errors, and logic errors Use Auto Correct to correct syntax errors Look up Visual Basic topic in Help

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Writing Windows Applications with VB

(1 of 2)
Windows Graphical User (GUI) Interface Defines how elements look and function

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Writing Windows Applications with VB

(2 of 2)

Windows are called forms

Elements are called controls and are added using a toolbox

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Programming Languages-Procedural, Event Driven and Object Oriented

ProceduralCobol, Fortran, Basic
Program specifies exact sequence of all operations

Event Driven (VB 6.0 and previous)

Contain some elements of Object oriented programming but not all

Object Oriented Programming (OOP) (VB .NET)

User controls sequence Click event Double Click event Change event
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The Object Model

(1 of 2)

In VB you will work with objects, which have properties, methods, and events. Each object is based on a class. Objects equate to Nouns
Forms are windows Controls are components contained inside a form

Properties equate to Adjectives

Color or size of a Form

Methods are like Verbs

Typical methods include Close, Show and Clear

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Object Model

(2 of 2)

Events occur when the user takes action

User clicks a button, User moves a form

Classes are templates used to create a new object

Classes contain the definition of all available properties, methods, and events Each new object created is based on a class Creating three new buttons makes each button a instance of the Button class
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Object Model Analogy

Class = automobile Properties = make, model, color, year Object = each individual car
Object is also an Instance of the automobile class

Methods = start, stop, speedup, slowdown Events = car arrives, car crashes

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Visual Studio .NET

Included in Visual Studio .NET 2005
Visual Basic (can also be purchased separately) Visual C++ C# (C sharp) J# (J sharp) .NET 2.0 Framework Standard Professional Enterprise Developer Enterprise Architect
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Visual Studio .NET Editions

Writing Visual Basic Projects

There is a three-step process when writing a Visual Basic applicationyou set up the user interface, define the properties and then create the code Planning 1. Design the User Interface 2. Plan the Properties 3. Plan the Basic Code; follow the language syntax rules; use pseudocode (English expression or comment describing action) then you move on to Programming (and use the same three step process) 1. Define the User Interface 2. Set the properties 3. Write the Basic code
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VB Application Files
One Solution Filethink of one solution file equals one project Solution User Options File .sln .suo

Form Files
Resource File for the Form Project Files

.vb
.resx .vbproj

Project User Options File

Application configuration File

.vbproj.user
.app.config

Once a project is run several more files are created by the system. The only file that is opened directly is the solution file.
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Visual Studio Environment

The Visual Studio environment is where you create and test your projects-in Visual Studio it is called an Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
consists of various tools including: Form Designer Editor for entering code Compiler Debugger Object Browser Help facility
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Default Environment Settings

Visual Studio 2005 provides a new option that allows the programmer to select the default profile for the IDE

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The IDE Initial Screen

The Visual Studio IDE with the Start Page open, as it first appears in Windows XP, without an open project.

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IDE Main Window

Toolbars Document Window Form Designer Solution Explorer Window Properties Window Toolbox Help
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ToolBox
You can scroll to view more controls To sort the tools in the toolbox:
Right-click the toolbox and select Sort Items Alphabetically from the context menu (shortcut menu).

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Modes
Design Time--used when designing the user interface and writing code Run Time--used when testing and running a project Break Time--if/when receiving a run-time error or pause error

Look at the Title Bar

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Writing Your First Visual Basic Project

Setting Up the Project
Hello World Project

3
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Planning the Project

Design the user interface
Set up the form
Resize the form Place a label and a button control on the form using the toolbox Lock the Controls in place

After the user interface is designed, the next step is to set the properties
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Setting Properties
Label 1 Name Text messageLabel leave blank pushButton Push Me

Button 1 Name Text

Button 2 Name Text Form Name Text

exitButton Exit
helloForm Hello World by your name
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Setting the Form Properties

The default startup object is Form1 The name of the form should always be changed to adhere to naming rules The properties window shows the files properties

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Writing the Code

While the project is running the user can perform actions Each action by the user causes an event to occur Write code for the events you care about; the events you want to respond to with code Code is written as event procedures VB will ignore events for which you do not write code VB will automatically name event procedures as the object name, an underscore(_) and the name of the event
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More on Writing the Code

When writing the code for your first project you will use the following:
Remark Statement Assignment Statement Ending a Program Editor Window

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Remark Statement
Also known as Comment, used for documentation; every procedure should begin with a remark statement providing explanation Non-executable Automatically colored Green in Editor Begins with an apostrophe ( ' )
On a separate line from executable code At the right end of a line of executable code
'Display the Hello World message.
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Assignment Statement
Assigns a value to a property or variable Operates from right to left- the value appearing on the right side of the equal sign is assigned to the property named on the left of the equal sign Enclose text strings in quotation marks (" ")

messageLabel.Text=" Hello World "

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Ending a Program
Methods always have parentheses (this will help you
distinguish them from Properties which never have parentheses)

To execute a method of an object you write: Object.Method() Current Form may be referenced as Me

Me.Close( )

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Editor Window
Declarations Section Class list Method list

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Run, Save, Modify, Print, Test, Debug and Execute

Run Project

Debug Menu, Start Start

Start Without Debugging

(F5)
(CTRL+F5)

Save Project - File Menu, Save All Modify Project if needed "Help is always available from the Print the Code Help Menu or by pressing F1." Correct any Errors and Rerun

When you start executing your program, the first step is called compiling, which means that the VB statements are converted to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). Your goal is to have no errors during the compile process: a clean compile.

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Print the Code

File Menu, Print Prints complete code listing Uses arrow symbol to denote line continuation

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Finding and Fixing Errors

Syntax Errors
Breaks VBs rules for punctuation, format or spelling Smart editor finds most syntax errors, compiler finds the rest The editor identifies a syntax error with a squiggly blue line and you can point to an error to pop up the error message. You can display the Error List window and line numbers in the source code to help locate the error lines.

Run-Time Errors
Statements that fail to execute such as impossible arithmetic operations

Logic Errors
Project runs but produces incorrect results
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Naming Rules and Conventions

Have a set of standards and always follow them No spaces, punctuation marks or reserved words Use camel casing
Examples messageLabel exitButton dataEntryForm paymentAmountTextBox

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Recommended Naming Conventions for VB Objects

Object Class Form Button Label TextBox Radio button CheckBox Horizontal Scroll Bar Vertical Scroll Bar PictureBox ComboBox ListBox SoundPlayer Example dataEntryForm exitButton totalLabel paymentAmountTextbox boldRadiobutton printSummaryCheckBox rateHorizontalScrollBar temperatureVerticalScrollBar landscapePictureBox bookListComboBox ingredientsListBox introPageSoundPlayer
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Visual Studio Help Additional Info (1 of 2)

Visual Studio has an extensive Help facility, Filter MSDN help to display VB topics only Run MSDN from hard drive, CD or Web You can access MSDN on the Web at http://msdn.microsoft.com

The Help system display is greatly changed and improved in Visual Studio 2005. You view the Help topics in a separate window from the VS IDE, so you can have both windows open at the same time.
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Visual Studio Help Additional Info (2 of 2)

When you choose How Do I, Search, Contents, Index, or Help Favorites from the Help menu, a new window opens on top of the IDE window. You can switch from one window to the other, or resize the windows to view both on the screen if your screen is large enough.
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