SEMINAR REPORT ON

Prepared By:
Prepared By :

WHAT IS A CIRCUIT BREAKER?

A circuit breaker is an equipment which can

make or break a circuit either manually

or automatically under normal conditions break a circuit under abnormal conditions

POINTS TO BE DISCUSSED:PRINCIPLE ARCS CLASSIFICATION SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKERDETAILS CONCLUSION

Fixed contact ARC Moving contact

Fixed contact
ARC IS ARC QUENCHED BY MEDIUM

Moving contact

OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF BREAKER

IN A CIRCUIT BREAKER

OVERVIEW OF ARCS IN BREAKERS-:

During the separation of contacts, due to large fault current and high current density at the contact region the surrounding medium ionises and thus a conducting medium is formed. This is called the ARC.

PRINCIPLES OF ARC EXTINCTION

Factors responsible for arc:-

Potential difference between the contacts Ionised particles between the contacts

By removing any one of these the arc can be quenched.

CLASSIFICTION OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS

OIL AIR VACCUM SF6

SF6 OIL AIR VACCUM CIRCUIT BLAST CIRCUIT CIRCUIT BREAKER CIRCUIT BREAKER BREAKER BREAKER

OVERVIEW OF SF6 GAS:Electrical properties

1. High dielectric strength 2. Excellent arc quenching ability 3. Excellent thermal stability 4. Good thermal conductivity

Physical & Chemical properties

1. Chemically inert 2. Non-toxic 3. Non-corrosive 4. Non-flammable

5. High density 6.High electro-negativity

Dielectric properties of SF6 gas:DS of sf6 is 2.5 times of air DS of sf6 is 30% less than oil DS of sf6 is equal to oil at
63700 N/m2 And 15% higher at 122500 N/m2

Advantages of SF6 gas:1. Increased safety 2. Reduced size 3. Easy installation 4. Low maintenance

SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER

OPERATION

SF6 DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS

SF6
SPARK

SF4 + 2F
H2O M

SOF2 + 2HF
H2O SiO2

MFn

SO2 + HF

SiF4 + 2 H2O

Amount of each decomposition product depends on :-

magnitude & duration of discharge materials of construction of equipment

contamination levels of moisture and air inside the

equipment

REMOVAL OF SF6 BYPRODUCTS:Byproducts are corrosive & likely to affect the organic materials. Absorbent materials used in circuit breakers

activated alumina( effective for SOF2,H2S,SF2) molecular sieves( sodalime-CaO.NaOH)-removes

stable gases such as SF4,SiF4 & S2F2

So suggested mix is 50/50 of sodalime & alumina. The suggested weight of absorbent is 10% of the weight of the gas

ADVANTAGES OF SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Very short arcing period Can interrupt much larger
currents as compared to other breakers No risk of fire Low maintenance, light foundation, minimum auxiliary equipments No over voltage problem

CONCLUSION
Harnessing the utilities of SF6 gas in power system and power system equipments, makes it more reliable and safer to use. The countless advantages this SF6 gas has to offer will take us to new heights in the prevalent orthodox power system.

THANK U ALL FOR A PATIENT HEARING. HOPE I SATISFIED THE CURIOSITY OF THE AUDIENCE.

NOW I WELCOME ALL QUERIES FROM MY REPORT.