Professional Documents
Culture Documents
as: Create value largely through gathering, synthesizing and distribution of information Formulate strategies that make management of the enterprise and technology convergent Compete in real time rather than in cycle time Operate in a world characterized by low barriers to entry, near-zero variable costs of operation and shifting competition Organize resources around the demand side than supply side Manage better relationships with customers
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parties as well as electronically-based intra- or inter-organizational activities that facilitate such exchanges
6) Network Infrastructure
E-commerce framework is being built on the WWW architecture. Wireline - coaxial, fiber optic Wireless
5) Middleware Services
needed to solve all the interface, translation, transformation, and interpretation problems the ultimate mediator between diverse software programs that enables them talk to one another As computing is shifting from application centric to data centric, middleware services should focus on:
transparency transaction security and management - authentication and authorization distributed object management and services. Objects are defined as the combination of data and instructions acting on the data.
They offer solutions for communicating nonformatted (unstructured) data, letters, memos, reports, as well as formatted (structured) data such as invoices, PO. With messaging tools, people can communicate and work together more effectively, no matter where they are located.
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Advertising
Customer service
The activities tracked are consumer search, frequently asked questions and service and support.
Customers learn about products differently through electronic publishing Buy them differently using electronic cash and secure payment systems have them delivered differently loyalty may also be different
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Customer service and support (if not satisfied in X days, return product)
Postpurchase interaction
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Order receipt and entry Order selection and prioritization Order scheduling Order fulfillment and delivery Order billing and account/payment management Customer service and support
Postsales interaction
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EDI in Action
EDI takes what has been a manually prepared form or a form from a business application, translates that data into a standard electronic format, and transmit it. At the receiving end, the standard format is untranslated into a format that can be read by the recipients application. Hence, output from one application becomes input to another through the computer-to-computer exchange of information. Result is elimination of delays and errors inherent in paper-based transaction.
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Buyer
Purchase request initiated in the organization Finance department
Payment
Seller
Bill
Finance department
Purchasing department
Paper-based mailroom
Order delivery
Paper-based mailroom
Sales department
Order confirmation
Receiving department
Product delivery
Shipping department
Manufacturing department
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Buyer
Purchase request initiated in the organization Finance department
Payment Purchase-order delivery Billing details
Seller
Finance department
Purchasing department
EDI-capable computer
EDI-capable computer
Sales department
Receiving department
Product delivery
Shipping department
Manufacturing department
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for companies dealing with thousands of suppliers and tens of thousands of purchase order a year, the saving from EDI are significant. e.g. RJR Nabisco cut the processing of purchase order from about $100 to 93 cents saving accrue from the following improvements:
reduced paper-based systems improved problem resolution and customer service expanded customer/supplier base
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Distribution management
Electronic applications facilitates the transmission of shipping documents such as bills of lading, purchase orders, advanced ship notices, and claims and enable better resource management by ensuring the documents themselves contain more accurate data.
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Payment management
Electronic applications link companies with suppliers and distributors so that payments can be sent and received electronically. Electronic payment reduces human error, increases the speed at which companies compute invoices, and lower transaction costs. 29
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Consumer-to-Business (c2b)
c2b is when consumers band together to present themselves as a buyer in group. Example: www.speakout.com
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Intraorganizational Transactions
We call this category market-driven transactions A company becomes market driven by
dispersing throughout the firm information about its customers and competitors spreading strategic and tactical decision making so that all units can participate continuously monitoring their customer commitment by making improved customer satisfaction an ongoing objective
Electronic publishing
Electronic publishing applications enable companies to organize publication, and disseminate human resources manuals, product specifications, meeting minutes and company announcements. The benefits are clear: reduction of printing cost and speed up internal communication. 33
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