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Learning Objective 1
Discuss the difference between
a hypothesis and a theory in the context of criminology
Learning Objective 1
Theory
An explanation of a happening or
circumstance that is based on observation, experimentation and reasoning.
A hypothesis
A possible explanation for an observed
occurrence that can be tested by further investigation. Hypotheses are tested using the scientific method.
Learning Objective 2
Explain why classical
criminology is based on choice theory
Learning Objective 2
Choice Theory
Offenders make the choice to commit
crime.
Learning Objective 3
Contrast positivism with
classical criminology.
Learning Objective 3
Positivism
Criminal behavior is determined by
biological, psychological, and social forces beyond the control of the individual.
Learning Objective 3
Modern Choice Theory
James Q. Wilsons rational choice theory. Jack Katzs seduction of crime theory.
Trait Theories
Learning Objective 4
List and Describe the three
theories of social structure that help explain crime
Learning Objective 4
Sociological Theories
The Chicago School and Social
Structure Theories
Learning Objective 5
List and briefly explain the
three branches of social process theory
Learning Objective 5
Social Process Theories
Learning Theory Control Theory Labeling Theory
Learning Objective 6
Describe how life course
criminology differs from the other theories addressed in this chapter
Learning Objective 6
Life Course Theories
Self-Control Theory Continuity Theory of Crime
Life-Course-Persistent offenders Adolescent Limited offenders
Learning Objective 7
Discuss the connection
between offenders and victims of crime
Learning Objective 7
Victimology
The Risks of Victimization Routine Activity Theory
Suitable Target Likely Offender Absence of a Guardian
Learning Objective 8
Contrast the medical model of
addiction with the criminal model of addiction
Learning Objective 8
Models of Explanation
The Psychopharmacological Model The Economically Impulsive Model The Systemic Model
Models of Addiction
The Medical Model of Addiction The Criminal Model of Addiction
Learning Objective 9
Explain the theory of the
chronic offender and its importance for the criminal justice system
Learning Objective 9
Wolfgangs Chronic Offender
A small group of offenders, 6%, are
responsible for a disproportionate amount of crime.