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BY:SHWETA SINGH ECE-B(4TH YEAR)

OUTLINES
Introduction Services offered by BSNL Types of Exchanges

Layout of Exchanges
Refrences

INTRODUCTION:
4th largest telecommunication company in Asia & 7th largest in the world.
Provides GSM & basic telephony service and 1st company in India providing 3G. More than 3 lakhs of employees , officers and engineers are working at present. It provides a wide communication network which is reachable all over country.

Services Offered By BSNL:


Basic Telephone Services
Cellular Mobile Services Internet Services

Intelligent Network Based Telecom Services


Broadband Services Wi-Fi etc

Types of Exchanges:
There are various types of exchanges like: C-DOT E-10B OCB-283

OCB-283

Cont
O- ORGAN C- COMMAND OR CONTROL B- VERSION 2- 2nd GENERATION 83- MICRO PROCESSOR UNIT

Main Divisions of OCB-283


MDF Switching Room Power Plant

MDF

POWER PLANT

SWITCHING ROOM

MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME


The function of MDF is to remove fault. It is also known as Fault Remove Section.

MAKING A TELEPHONE CALL


Subscriber picks up the handset from its cradle which releases a hook switch and causes a dc current to flow. Central office monitors the loop current & interpret it as the request for service.

It acknowledges the request for service by sending the dial tone.

TELEPHONE NO. FORMAT:


11 2 729 XXXX

Area code/ Std code

Identifies the exchange subscriber Telecom operator code number

DIFFERENT TYPES OF FAULT


LOOP FAULT:- Arise due to improper connection of wire.
EARTH FAULT:-If two wires get scrape at some places and if these wires come in contact with tree, pillar or any metal objects then this type of fault occurs. DISCONNECT FAULT:-This type of fault occurs due to the breaking of wires between the Line & Exchange side.

Switching Room

Cont...
It consists of Racks that has card fitted in it.

RACKS
SMC: Main Control Station SMA: Auxiliary Equipment Multiprocessor Station

SMT:

Trunk Multiprocessor Station

Types Of Cards
For Analog Signal:
TABAF, TABASE

For Digital Signal:


TABND

TABAF card is for STD subscriber. TABASE card is for local subscriber. TABND card is for ISD subscriber.

OTDR(OPTICAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETER)


An OTDR may be used for estimating the fiber's length and overall attenuation & losses. It may also be used to locate faults, such as breaks, and to measure optical return loss.

Refrences:
www.wikipedia.com
www.bsnl.co.in

THANK YOU

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