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MOHD RAFIQ BIN RUDZY SHAHARUDDEAN AMIRUL BIN MD ALI MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS BIN ABDULLAH HALIM MOHD HELMI

BIN MOHD SABRI

111072150 111072030 111072415 111072138

Introduction
A Diesel power station(also known as Stand-by

power station) uses a diesel engine as prime mover to generate the electrical energy. This power station is generally compact and thus can be located where it is actually required. This kind of power station can be used to produce limited amounts of electrical energy. In most countries these power stations are used as emergency supply stations.

THEORY

Diesel Generator Block Diagram

Operation
The small internal combustion engine of a diesel

generator operates just like any other small engine: While the engine turns, the crankshaft that connects

to generator is spin within a chamber containing electromagnet.


This high-speed motion causes an electric current to

be produced
The governor switch that helps to control the diesel

engine's speed allows for increases in engine speed

Main components of a generator

1.

Engine
energy to the generator. The size of the engine is directly proportional to the maximum power output the generator can supply.

The engine is the source of the input mechanical

2. Alternator Is the part of the generator that produces the electrical output from the mechanical input supplied by the engine. It contains an assembly of stationary and moving parts encased in a housing. The components work together to cause relative movement between the magnetic and electric fields, which in turn generates electricity.

3. Fuel System The fuel tank usually has sufficient capacity to keep the generator operational for 6 to 8 hours on an average.

4. Voltage Regulator As the name implies, this component regulates the

output voltage of the generator. The mechanism is described below against each component that plays a part in the cyclical process of voltage regulation.

5. Cooling & Exhaust Systems Cooling System

Continuous usage of the generator causes its various components to get heated up. It is essential to have a cooling and ventilation system to withdraw heat produced in the process.

Exhaust System
Exhaust fumes emitted by a generator are just like exhaust from any other diesel or gasoline engine and contain highly toxic chemicals that need to be properly managed.

6. Lubricating System Since the generator comprises moving parts in its

engine, it requires lubrication to ensure durability and smooth operations for a long period of time. The generators engine is lubricated by oil stored in a pump.

7. Battery Charger The start function of a generator is battery-operated. 8. Control Panel This is the user interface of the generator and

contains provisions for electrical outlets and controls.

9. Main Assembly / Frame All generators, portable or stationary, have

customized housings that provide a structural base support. The frame also allows for the generated to be earthed for safety.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES


ADVANTAGES Simple design & layout of plant Occupies less space & is compact DISADVANTAGES High running charges due to costly price of Diesel Plant does not work efficiently under prolonged overload conditions

Can be started quickly and picks up load in a short time


Requires less water for cooling Thermal efficiency better that of steam power plant of same size Overall cost is cheaper than that of steam power plant of same size Requires no Operating staff

Generates small amount of power


Cost of lubrication very high Maintenance charges are generally high

CONCLUSION
A diesel generator is the combination of a diesel engine

with an electrical generator (often an alternator) to generate electrical energy. Diesel generating sets are used in places without connection to the power grid, as emergency power-supply if the grid fails, as well as for more complex applications such as peak-lopping, grid support and export to the power grid. Sizing of diesel generators is critical to avoid low-load or a shortage of power and is complicated by modern electronics, specifically non-linear loads.

REFERENCE
http://www2.sea.siemens.com/Industry%20Solutions/Marin

e "Commercial Opportunities for Back-Up Generation and Load Reduction via National Grid, the National Electricity Transmission System Operator (NETSO) for England, Scotland, Wales and Offshore". Claverton-energy.com. 200912-22. Retrieved 2012-07-13. Paper given at Open University conference covering use of diesel generators to assist dealing with intermittency of renewable energy " Open University Diesel Generators for Load Management"[dead link] Andrews, David (June 2007). Emergency diesel standby generators of Wessex Water potential contribution to dealing with renewable energy sources intermittency & variability. 11. The Institution of Diesel and Gas Turbine Engineers.

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