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WiMAX Frequency planning

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd.

HUAWEI Confidential

TOPIC
WiMAX Frequency Allocation

WiMAX Sub-carrier permutations

WiMAX typical frequency reuse pattern

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Spectrum by Region
Canada
2.3/2.5GHz 3.5/5GHz

Russia
Europe
3.5GHz 5GHz 2.3/2.5/3.5GHz 5GHz

USA
1.5/2.3GHz 2.5/5GHz

Asia Pacific

ME & A C & SA
2.5/3.5GHz 5GHz 3.5GHz 5GHz

2.3/3.3/3.5GHz 5GHz

Each geographical region defines and regulates its own set of licensed and license-exempt bands, as shown above.

The main WiMAX application in the world is 2.3, 2.5GHz and 3.5GHz

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Scalable of Channel Bandwidth

GSM 200KHz
Data

WiMAX channel band is flexible

400 chips

CDMA 1.2288MHz WiMAX 1MHz ~ 20MHz WCDMA 3.84MHz

WIMAX Forum defined 5 types channel bands:3.5, 5, 7, 8.75 and 10MHz Now the industry mainly support 3 types channel bands: 5, 7, and 10MHz

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TOPIC
WiMAX Frequency Allocation

WiMAX Sub-carrier permutations

WiMAX typical frequency reuse pattern

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OFDMA Permutations
Different ways of grouping into channels in 802.16 are called Permutations/ Sub-carrier allocation Two types of Permutation Schemes are defined:

Full and partial sub channel usage modes

Distributed and adjacent permutations

Three main permutations:

FUSC Full Usage of Subchannels (downlink only )
Achieves best frequency diversity by spreading tones over entire band Distributed permutations PUSC Partial Usage of Subchannels (uplink & downlink) / Distributed permutations Groups tones into tiles/clusters to enable fractional frequency re-use Still has distribution of tones across band for each subchannel AMC (or Band AMC)Adaptive Modulation and Coding (UL & DL) / Adjacent Subcarrier Permutation Uses adjacent tones for each subchannel for use with beamforming
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Allocation of Sub-carrier
Pilot sub-carrier DC sub-carrier Data sub-carrier Guard sub-carrier

10MHz*(28/25)=10.94KHz*1024
DL-PUSC Parameters Values

System Bandwidth(MHz)
FFT Size(Nfft) Number of Guard Subcarriers Number of Cluster/Subchannels Number of Used Subcarriers Number of Data Subcarriers Number of Pilot Subcarriers

1.25
128 43 6/3 85 72 12

2.5
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

5
512 91 30/15 420 360 60

10
1024 183 30 840 720 120

20
2048 367 120/60 1680 1440 240

Calculation Method : channel Bandwidth10MHz 10*(28/25)=11.2 FFT Size:1024 30 sub-channel for DL PUSC 11.2MHz/1024=10.94KHz 1/10.94KHz=91.4 microseconds 91.4*1/8=11.4(Cyclic Prefix is 1/8) 5millisecond/102.9 microseconds=48

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AMC & Other

TOPIC
WiMAX Frequency Allocation

WiMAX Sub-carrier permutations

WiMAX typical frequency reuse pattern

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Definition of frequency reuse pattern

NSK

The network is divided into clusters with N cells, S sector per cell, and K different frequency allocations per cell The red markings correspond to sectors deployment in the same frequency allocation.

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Typical frequency reusePUSC

131

Application scenario
Fit for the initial phase for coverage without high capacity requirement. Cooperate with FFR.

Advantage

Only one frequency point for whole network.

Easy to deploy.

Disadvantage
The lowest throughput per site.

There is one frequency point F1. Each sector per site with 3 sectors has 1/3 subchannels of the one frequency point. DL and UL both use PUSC permutation model

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Typical frequency reusePUSC with all SC 133

Application scenario
Recommended to satisfy higher capacity requirement.

Advantage
High throughput per site. Easy to deploy. Interference is lower than PUSC 1*3*1 at the cell edge.

Disadvantage
Need much frequency resource.

There are 3 frequency points F1, F2, F3. Each sector of site with 3 sectors uses one frequency respectively. DL and UL both use PUSC with all sub-channel permutation models.

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Typical frequency reuseFFR 131

Application scenario
Recommended for PUSC 1*3*1 network expansion in future. Cooperate with FFR.

Advantage
Only one frequency point for whole network. Higher frequency efficiency per sector compare with PUSC 1*3*1 Larger throughput per sector compare with PUSC1*3*1

Disadvantage
More interference consideration. DL interference margin is 3.5 dB, UL interference margin is 1dB. Lower throughput per sector compare with PUSC 1*3*3.

The area beyond cell and core area of the cell all use same one frequency point; the PUSC will be used in the area beyond cell, each sector of per site with 3 sectors has 1/3 sub-channels of the one frequency point; and the core area of the cell will use the PUSC with all SC permutation, all sub-channel of the same one frequency will be used;

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Case 1
Assume there are only 15MHz frequency resource

Frequency options
15MHz

1. PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 5MHz; 2. PUSC 1*3*1 10MHz;

2500

2515

3. FFR 1*3*1 10MHz;

Analysis
Capacity: The site capacity of PUSC 1*3*1 is lowest, and the capacity of PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 5MHz is similar as FFR 1*3*1 10MHz. Coverage: The interference of FFR 1*3*1 is higher, and the interference of the other two methods are similar. The configuration and optimization of PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 5MHz is easier than FFR. We recommend PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 5MHz base on the analysis above

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Case 2
Assume there are only 20MHz frequency resource

Frequency options
20MHz

1. PUSC with all SC 1*3*4 5MHz; 2. FFR 1*3*2 10MHz;

2500

2520

3. FFR 1*3*1 10MHz 2 carriers;

Analysis
Capacity: The capacity of PUSC with all SC 1*3*4 5MHz is similar as FFR 1*3*2 10MHz, and the site capacity of FFR 1*3*1 10MHz 2 carriers is nearly twice of the other two. Coverage: The interference of FFR 1*3*1 is the highest, and the interference of FFR 1*3*2 is the lowest. The configuration and optimization of PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 5MHz is easier than FFR. We recommend FFR 1*3*1 10MHz 2 carriers base on the analysis above

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Case 3
Assume there are only 30MHz frequency resource

Frequency options
30MHz

1. PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 10MHz; 2. FFR 1*3*3 10MHz;

2500

2530

3. FFR 1*3*1 10MHz 3 carriers;

Analysis
Capacity: The capacity of FFR 1*3*3 10MHz is about 90% of PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 10MHz, and the site capacity of FFR 1*3*1 10MHz 3 carriers is 60% more than PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 10MHz. Coverage: The interference of FFR 1*3*1 is the highest, and the interference of FFR 1*3*3 is the lowest. The configuration and optimization of PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 10MHz is easier than FFR. We recommend PUSC with all SC 1*3*3 10MHz base on the analysis above.

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Summary
1. FFR or PUSC with all SC 5MHz is better when the frequency band < 30MHz

2.

We recommend PUSC with all SC 10MHz when the frequency band >= 30MHz

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Security Level:

Thank You
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Some Frequency planning pictures

F2 F4 F3 F4 F2 F1 F4 F1 F3 F2 F4 F2 F3 F1

F1
F2

F3
F1 F2

F4
F3

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