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All nonwovens are technical textiles but all technical textiles are not nonwovens
As the name indicates nonwovens are not woven fabrics. Cost effective process as it skips intermediary processes such as spinning, weave preparation and weaving.
Nonwoven fabrics are flat structures mainly defined as sheets or webs made by bonding and entangling fibers or filaments by mechanical, thermal or chemical means.
Airlaid
Spunbonding Meltblowing Spunlacing/hydroentanglement
Nonwoven Technologies
Spunbond Synthetic Meltblown Synthetic Needlepunching Versatile (natural and synthetic) Hydroentangling Versatile (natural and synthetic)
Needlepunching Technology
Nonwoven Line
Opening fine beating and tuft reduction
Hopper Feeder
Cross Lapper
H1 Needle Loom
Meltblown Process
Spunbonding Process
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
0.1 0.3
8.41
5.75
0.4
3.2
2.69
0.2
2.0 1.2 2.3 1.7 1.3 1.2 2002 1.5 2007 1.8 2012
NAFTA Europe - 27
2
1 0
World China NAFTA Europe (27) Japan Mid East Other Asia Pacific
2007-2012 1997-2007 0 5 10 15 20
Developed Markets
High export volumes
Trend line
Taiwan Europe NAFTA
Japan
Turkey
Korea
Czech Rep. Brazil India, 2012
China now
1.5 1 0.5 0 $0
India now
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
Applications of Agrotextiles
Sunscreening (shade cloth) Frost Covering Harvesting Wind protection Landscape covering Bird protection Insect protection Turf protection Irrigation Drainage Aquaculture Insulation Horticulture Animal Husbandary
Source: www.karatzis.gr/products/agricultural/04s.jpg
Frost Covering
Adverse Effects of Frost
Frost can kill the seeds and adversely affect the ariel portion of the plant. Frost makes the plant loose its moisture and dry out.
Frost Covering
Minimizes moisture and heat loss. Keeps the plant warm and healthy.
Nonwoven fabrics are preferred for Frost Covers: Lightweight, breathable and those which dry quickly are used. These fabrics should provide open spaces for crop treatments.
Source: http://www.anti-frost.com/
Examples: Nonwoven spunbonded mesh fabric and nonwoven UV resistant polypropylene fleece.
Source: http://www.anti-frost.com/
Harvesting Aides
Harvesting nets are used to collect the fruits falling from a tree. This helps to keep the cost of cultivation low by eliminating additional labor associated with harvesting.
Source: http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3169/2638810726_a4ceefdcc6.jpg?v=0
Harvesting nets are predominantly grip structures which can be developed using warp knitting technology.
Source: http://lh3.ggpht.com
Windshields
Windshields are used to protect the crops from high velocity wind damage. These can also be used to control the temperature by hindering cooling due to the wind. These are installed perpendicular to the direction of the wind to reduce the wind speed. These Prevent: Breaking of branches, Early falling of the fruits and Damage to the leaves and flowers.
Examples: Woven and knitted UV stabilized windshields using high density polyethylene monofilaments.
Source: http://www.arrigoni.it
Source: http://www.karatzis.gr
Landscape Covers
These are used for weed control and prevent penetration of thin roots of weeds.
In addition they also maintain optimal soil temperatures for rapid plant growth.
Source: http://www.terramdirect.com