Learning Outcomes

Trainees will be able to: Explain the classification of personality according to various personality models/theories Elaborate on the characteristics of personality according to classification in various personality models/theories Reflect on owns personality

Classification of Personalities

The Four Temperaments-The earliest origins

lion ox

bold sturdy

blood black bile

cheerful somber

sanguine melancholic

man humane

yellow bile enthusiastic choleric calm phlegmatic

eagle far-seeing phlegm

Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

Extravert Sensing

Introvert
How Do Were Energized

Intuition
How Do We Gather Information How Do We Approach Life

How Do We Make Decisions

The 4 Preferences

Thinking

Judgement

Feeling

Perceiving

Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

i) do we focus on outside Extraversion world (E) or inner self (I) ? ii) do we find people (E) or (I) energising (E) or somewhat draining (I) ? Introversion i) the way we inform ourselves (how we prefer to form a view and receive information): (N) observed facts and specifics (S) or prefer to interpret and add meaning (N)?

Sensing (S) or iNtuition

Myers Briggs Type Indicator

(MBTI)
i)

Thinking

(T)

or
Feeling

(F)

how we prefer to make decisions: do you prefer to first look at logic and consistency (T) or first look at the people and special circumstances (F)?

i) our method for handling the outside world and particularly for Judging making decisions: or (J) (P) do quite soon evaluate and decide (J) or continue gathering data and keep options open (P)? Perceiving

Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

Keirseys Temperament Types

1 3

2 4

Keirseys Temperament Types Two Basic Dimensions of Human Behavior

Communication Action

Concrete Vs Abstract

Utilitarian Vs Cooperative

Keirseys Temperament Types

Communication
talk about reality
talk primarily about the external, concrete world of everyday reality

talk about ideas

talk primarily about the internal, abstract world of ideas

facts and figures, work and play, home and family, news, sports and weather
all the who-what-when-whereand how much's of life

theories and conjectures, dreams and philosophies, beliefs and fantasies

all the why's, if's, and what-mightbe's of life

Keirseys Temperament Types

Action
what works

-do
what right

-do

act primarily in a utilitarian or pragmatic manner

do what gets results, what achieves their objectives as effectively or efficiently as possible only afterwards do they check to see if they are observing the rules or going through proper channels

act primarily in a cooperative or socially acceptable manner

try to do the right thing, in keeping with agreed upon social rules, conventions, and codes of conduct only later do they concern themselves with the effectiveness of their actions

Artisan

Idealist

Rational

Guardian

Artisan
As Concrete Utilitarians, Artisans speak mostly about what they see right in front of them, about what they can get their hands on, and they will do whatever works, whatever gives them a quick, effective payoff, even if they have to bend the rules.

Idealist
As Abstract Cooperators, Idealists speak mostly of what they hope for and imagine might be possible for people, and they want to act in good conscience, always trying to reach their goals without compromising their personal code of ethics.

Rationals
As Abstract Utilitarians, Rationals speak mostly of what new problems intrigue them and what new solutions they envision, and always pragmatic, they act as efficiently as possible to achieve their objectives, ignoring arbitrary rules and conventions if need be.

Guardian
As , Guardians speak mostly of their duties and responsibilities, of what they can keep an eye on and take good care of, and they're careful to obey the laws, follow the rules, and respect the rights of others.

Conclusion
Keirsey/ MBTI refenrence Ezekiel 590BC Artisan/ Guardian Idealist/ Rationalist sensing/ Intuitive- / Intuitiveperceivin Sensingfeeling thinking g judging Lion Ox Man Eagle

Hippocrates Yellow Blood Black bile Phlegm 370BC bile Galen 190AD melancho sanguine choleric phlegmatic (Four lic Humours)

References
Anonymous. (n.d.) . Big Five. Retrieved from http://bigfivepersonalitytest.com/big-five on March 1, 2012

Anonymous. (n.d.). Hans Eysenck's personality theories . Retrieved from

www.communicationandculture.co.uk/Hans%20Eysenck.doc on March 1, 2012. BSM Consulting, Inc. (n.d). Information about personality types. Retrieved from http://www.personalitypage.com/html/info.html on March 1, 2012. BSM Consulting, Inc. (n.d.). The four preferences. Retrieved from http://www.personalitypage.com/html/info.htm on March 1, 2012. Fontana, D. (1988). Personality. Chapman, A. J. & Gale, A. (Eds.), Psychology for Teachers (2nd. ed.). (pp. 167-180). Hampshire: The British Psychological Society. Heffner Media Group, Inc. (2011). Personality synopsis: Application of trait theory. Retrieved from http://allpsych.com/personalitysynopsis/trait_application.html on March 1, 2012.

References
Maltby, J. , Day, L. & Macaskill, A. (2010). Personality and theory in context. Personality, Individual Differences and Intelligence. (pp. 3-18) Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited. Roughton, A. (2006). Personality types model. Retrieved from http://www.businessballs.com/personalitystylesmodels.htm on March 1, 2012. The Myers & Briggs Foundation. (n.d.). MBTI basics. Retrieved from http://www.myersbriggs.org/mymbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/ on March 1, 2012. White, F. , Hayes, B. & Livesey, D. (2010). Personality development. Developmental psychology: From infancy to adulthood. (2nd ed.). (pp. 220-232). Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson Australia World Book. (2008). Personality. ClassicLayout. World Book, Inc. Retrieved on March 1, 2012. Zabihi, R. (2011). Personality traits shaped by family background: a new perspective in social psychology. Continental J. Social Sciences 4 (1): 13 23. Retrieved from http://www.wiloludjournal.com