GEOSYNTHETICS IN ROADWAYS AND PAVEMENTS

S.Ranjith Reg.no:720711103037 P.Nagamani Reg.no:720711103029 Hindusthan College Of Engineerin g & Technology, Coimbatore.

Abstract

Introduction Types of Geosynthetics Functions of Geosynthetics in Roadway and Pavement Subgrade conditions in Geosynthetics Roadways design using Geotextiles Design Guidelines for Roadways Geotextile overlap requirements Benefits Applications Conclusion

Introduction
Geosynthetic is defined as a planar product

manufactured from a polymeric material that is used with soil, rock, or other geotechnical-related material as an integral part of a civil engineering project, structure, or system.
Geotextiles increase stablity and improve performance

of weak subgrade soils primarily by seperating the aggregate from the subgrade.

Types of Geosynthetics
Geo textiles
Geogrids Geonets

Geomembranes
Geosynthetic clay liners Geofoam Geocells Geocomposites

Functions of Geosynthetics in Roadway and Pavement

Geotextiles and geogrids perform this function by

preventing penetration of the aggregate into the subgrade. Localized bearing failures and subgrade intrusion occur in very soft,wet,weak subgrades. Subgraded intrusion can also occur under long term dynamic loading due to pumping and migration of fines, especially when open-graded base courses are used.

 Softsubgrade soils are most susceptible to disturbance

during construction activities such as clearing, grubbing and intial aggregate placement. The system performance may also be influenced by functions of filtration and drainage.

Subgrade conditions in Geosynthetics

The following subgrade conditions are considered to be

the most appropriate for geosynthetic use in roadway construction

Poor soils

(USCS:SC,CL,CH,ML,MH,OL,OH,PT) (AASHTO: A-5,A-6,A-7-5,A-7-6 CBR < 3 ,MR= 30MPa

Low undrained shear strength

High water table High sensitivity

Roadways design using Geotextiles

The maximum stress experienced by the geotextile used in

paved roads with an asphalt or concrete surfaceincluding light-use roads, heavy-use roads and interstate highwaysis experienced at the time of installation. This stress is influenced by the subgrade and the thickness of the first lift. Once aggregate has been placed, the geotextile is insulated by the depth of aggregate and can be relied on to remain in position and perform the separation and stabilization function throughout the life of the road. The AASHTO M288 specification is applicable for the use of geotextiles to prevent mixing of a subgrade soil and an aggregate cover material.

 The AASHTO geotextile class and Typar geotextile style

is dependent on the harshness of the subgrade surface, the type of equipment used for installation, the strength of the subgrade soil and whether the soil is in a saturated or unsaturated state during installation. Due to different performance rewuirements, design methodologies for temporary roads should not be used to design permanent roads.

Design Guidelines for Roadways

STEP 1- Determine soil subgrade strength. STEP 2- Determine subgrade strength at several location and at

different times of the year. STEP3- Determine wheel loading. STEP 4-Estimation amount of traffic. STEP 5-Establish tolerable rutting Step 6- Obtain bearing capacity factor STEP 7- Determine required aggregate thickness STEP 8- Select design thickness STEP 9- Check geotextile drainage and filtration characteristics STEP 10- Determine geotextile survivability requirements STEP 11- Specify geotextile property requirements STEP 12- Specify construction requirements

Geotextile overlaps
Overlaps provide continuity between adjacent geotextile

rolls. Sufficient overlap is required to prevent fabric separation during base placement and compaction. The amount of overlap required is dependent on the sheer strength (California Bearing Ratio or CBR) of the subgrade soilPins or piles of stone may be used to maintain geotextile overlaps during installation. Geotextile roll widths should be selected so overlaps between rolls do not occur along anticipated primary wheel path locations. Overlaps at the end of rolls should be in the direction of the aggregate placement.

Benifits
Reducing the intensity of stress on the subgrade and

preventing the base aggregate from penetrating into the subgrade. Preventing subgrade fines from pumping or otherwise migrating up into the base. Reducing the depth of excavation required for the removal of unsuitable subgrade materials Reducing the thickness of aggregate required to stabilize the subgrade. Allowing an increase in subgrade strength over time

APPLICATIONS
In Roads and Pavements:
In Subsurface Drainage:
Subgrade separation and Stabilization, Base Reinforcement, Overlay Stress Absorption and Reinforcement.
Subgrade dewatering, Road base drainage, Structure drainage.

In Erosion and Sediment Control In Reinforced Soil Systems:

Hard Armor Systems, Silt Fence. Embankments over soft foundations, Reinforced Steepened slopes, Reinforced soil walls. Structure water proofing, Environmental Protection. Prefabricated Systems and On-site Fabrication

In Seepage control systems

In Support Systems:

Conclusion
Geosynthetics have great potential to be used as cost

effective solutions for several engineering problems. This paper presented recent advances in geosynthetic products, on the utilization of these materials in reinforced soil structures and in environmental applications. Manufacturing of geosynthetics products allows incorporating recent advances in material sciences. Therefore, the expectation is that innovations in products, types and properties will continue to take place, adding to the already vast range of applications of these materials.

THANK YOU