LESSON

TOPIC: DISCOVERING LONDON SAINT PAULS CATHEDRAL. PARTS AND CULTURE

LOOK AT THE STAR!!!

Could you be able to locate Saint Pauls Cathedral now? Visit this page: http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=lo ndon&t=k&ll=51.5138,0.098434&spn=0.001143,0.00302

1. WARM UP ACTIVITY What are you seeing?

A Cathedral And What is a Cathedral?

A cathedral is a church building presided over by a bishop, and therefore the central church building of a diocese, an administrative unit of the larger church. The cathedral is known in hierarchical Christian denominations such as the Catholic and Anglican Churches. A cathedral is often, though not always, a large, impressive building, and conversely, many large, imposing church buildings are not technically cathedrals.

About the Word:

Cathedral
The word cathedral is shortened from the term cathedral church, in which it is used as an adjective. A cathedral is a church containing the cathedra Latin for "chair" of the bishop. In the ancient world, the chair was a symbol of both a teacher and a magistrate, and therefore ideal for representing the power and duties of the bishop.

I hope you will enjoy exploring St Pauls Cathedral!! First a sightseen: Open your eyes:
http://www.explore-stpauls.net/oct03/pano_pages.htm

2. HISTORY
St. Paul Cathedral is not only the Cathedral church of the London Diocese, but it can also be called the Nations Cathedral. Dominating the London Skyline for hundreds of years, St. Pauls has been the scene of may important events.

Was completed in the 1710 but its construction began in 604 AD although has always been situated on Ludgate Hill and dedicated to St Paul. Long bfore Christianity arrived in Britain, Ludgate Hill was already a sacred site.

Continue

The first cathedral was built by the Saxons in wood, but was burned in 675 and rebuilt again in wood, ten years later. After was sacked by the Vikings in 962, the second St Pauls built, this time in stone. The third St Pauls (known as Old St Pauls), was begun by the Normans aftered the late Saxon cathedral suffered in a fire of 1087. Work took over two hundred years, and a great deal was lost in a fire in 1136. Nonetheless the roof was one more built of wood, which was ultimately to doom the building.

Finally, the work on the present cathedral commenced in 1675 and was completed on 1708 by Sir Christopher Wren(1632-1723), this time built of Portland stone in a late Renaissance to Baroque Style.
In the 2000, the cathedral began a major restoration program, scheduled for completion in 2008, to celebrate the 300th anniversary of its opening.

3. PARTS OF THE CATHEDRAL

3.1 The Dome and Galleries

The main space of the cathedral is centred under the Dome, which rises 108.4 meters from the cathedral Floor. Its the second largest dome in the world after St. Peters Basilica in Rome. Its decorated with frescos. The dome contains three circular galleries -the internal Whispering Gallery, the external Stone Gallery and the external Golden Gallery. The entrance to the galleries is at the right side (south aisle), just before the dome. You can climb the 259 steps to try out the Whispering Gallery and enjoy the view from the Stone Gallery. The Golden Galleery is at the highest point of the dome, under the lantern.

IMAGINE IT!!

3.2. The Altar

The Victorians replaced the simple Wooden altar at St. Pauls in 1888, with a large Ornate one, topped with a marble screen. In 1940, this altar was damaged by a bomb and the present altar was completed in 1958 with a design by Crhristopher Wren.

3.3 Apse and Ambulatory

Behind the High Altar is a semicircular area called the apse. This is a found in the earliest of church building. In many Cathedrals, this area is a chapel, often dedicated to Jesus Mother.

3.4. The Nave

The nave of Cathedral is the main area in which people Sit during workship where the principal focus is the Altar.

The nave is lined by columns or piers and strickly Speaking refers only to central aisle.

3.5. The Quire

The Quire is where the choir and clergy sit during services. In many Cathedrals and churches, the quire was separated from the rest of the Cathedral by a decorated rood screen. At St. Pauls,this screen was topped by the organ but the Cathedrals architect disliked this as it spoilt the view down the full length of the building and in 1871, it Was removed and the organ split in two. It can be seen on wither side of the West end of the Quire.

3.6. The transepts

Many churches and Cathedrals are built in a cross shape to remind Christians that Jesus died on the Cross. The North and fouth transepts are the arms of the cross. Side chapels are found in the transepts of cathedrals. St. Pauls has only one side chapel in the transepts

3.7. Chapels
3.7.1 Dunstans Chapel
The nave has three small chapels in the two adjoining aisles:

Dunstans Chapel: Which was one of the earliest parts of the cathedral to come into use. It was originally known as the Morning Chapel, because it was the place where the clergy and a small congregation would say de morning office.

3.7.2. All Souls Chapel

All Souls Chapel is further down on the left side (north aisle) and contains a pieta of Mary and Jesus and is dedicated primarily to soldiers of World War I

3.7.3. The Chapel of the Order of St. Michael and St.George

Is across from St. Dunstans on the right side (south aisle). This was originally the Consistory court -te place where the bishop sat in judgment over the clergy or priests.

4. ACTIVITIES
About Vocabulary 1.MATCHING DEFINITIONS: You can use this image for your help

A cathedral is a church building presided over by a bishop, and therefore the central church building of a d iocese, an administrative unit of the larger church. The main space of the catedral is centred under the dome, which rises 108.4 meters from the catedral floor. It s the second largest in the World after St. Pete r s Baslica in Rome. The entrante to the galleries is at the right side (south aisle), just before the dome. Altars reflect the beliefs of group of Christians. In this place, they broke bread on them as a reminder of the death of Jess and is the main focus of workship. The Nave of a Catedral is the main area in which people sit during workship. Most churches and cathedrals are built in a cross-shape. This reminds Christians that Jes s died on a cross. The Quire is where the choir and clergy sit during services; The Sanctuary is the area around the Altar. Transepts are the arms of the cross. Side chapels are found in the transepts of cathedrals.

Check your activity

ACTIVITIES: WORK IN PAIRS AND INVESTIGATE:

Visit the next link, investigate and answer the questions that propose in this page

http://poster.4teachers.org/worksheet/view.php?id=87045

FINAL TASK
Work in groups and imagine that you are a turistic guide and, at this case, a turistic guide in Saint Pauls Visit the official page and do your work. Be a turistic guide in Saint Pauls Cathedral
Think that you will have to expose this to your partners!!!

THE END
I hope that you enjoyed this session.

Thank You