therapy during which clients participate in sessions with others; the members share a common purpose and are

expected to contribute to the group to benefit others and to receive benefit from others in return.

Gustav Le Bon
1841-1931

Law of Mental Unity

The Crowd: A study of

popular mind.

it is only in this advanced phase of organization that certain new and special characteristics are superposed on the unvarying and dominant character of the race; then takes place that turning already alluded to of all the feelings and thoughts of collectivity in identical direction.

Sigmund Freud

Totem and taboo Group psychology and the analysis of ego Libido accounts for group morphodynamics Group cohesion

Wilfred Bion

Experiences in groups
Work group and basic assumption group Primary task: underlying assumptions where behavior are based Basic assumptions: 1. Dependency 2. Fight-flight 3. Pairing

Do not establish boundaries. Members may join or leave the group at different times.

Have set membership, a specific time-frame or both of these components

1. Support groups - Focus in increasing the members adaptation, selfesteem and sense of emotional well being.

2. Reeducation and remotivation - Attempt to increase communication and interaction among members to foster more acceptable and appropriate behavior.

3. Problem solving therapy - Focus on the resolution of specific problems

4. Insight without reconstruction group - emphasize interpersonal communication by group leaders while working on effective change by increasing cognitive and emotional problems

5. Personality reconstruction group - the use of psychoanalytic theory

During this phase frequent testing, minimal disclosure and period of awkwardness and uncomfortable silence may occur

The major task of the group is to: resolve this initial feelings and to achieve sense of group identification and definition purpose.

The group is being more cohesive and members explore relationships and conflicts

The major task is to: develop a sense of reliance on each other and to assume a heightened sense of responsibility for the group direction and to maintain trust and openness in group relationship

This phase happen depending as to whether the group is open or close group. In this phase the group prepares to leave and reflect on the insight and the growth they have made in the group.

To guide individuals through problemsolving and help them anticipate there needs

Three major qualifications: Theoretical preparation through lectures, reading, seminars, workshops Supervised practice in the role of coleader and leader Personal experience as group therapy leader

1.

2.

3.

Is a method of treatment in which family members get insight to problems, improve communication and improve functioning of individual members as well as the family as a whole

Assumes that outside or external influences play a major role in personality development and regulation of members lives

It believes that internal or intra-psychic thoughts, feeling and conflicts are the major component of personality development

FAMILY THERAPY

INDIVIDUAL THERAPY

Integrative approach Psychoanalytic approach Bowen approach

Structural approach Interactional/ strategic approach Social network/systemic approach Behaviorist approach