You are on page 1of 26

Bernoullis Principle

Born of a family of leading mathematicians

Spent most of his life dedicated to Basel University


Hydrodynamica, published in 1738, was a milestone in the theory of the flowing behavior of liquids Died on March 17, 1782 in Basel, Switzerland; won 10 prizes of the Paris Academy of Sciences, with Euler.

It would be better for the true physics if there were no mathematicians on earth.

Has zero viscosity


(no resistance to motion) Incompressible

(density remains constant)

Laminar flow:

Occurs when waters flow smoothly, wind fluid travels smoothly blows gently, etc. or in regular paths
velocity, pressure, and

other flow properties at each point in the fluid remain constant.

Turbulent flow:
Fluid travels in unsteady, irregular and unpredictable manner Often occurs when it passes over obstacles, creating whirlpools and eddies E.g. : blood flow, riverbanks, etc.

The rate of flow into an area must equal the rate of flow out of an area.

R1 =R2 A1v1= A2v2

= m(formula for density) V m= V(rearranging the equation)


We are talking about the fluid flowing in changing cross-sectional area, so:

m= V m= Ad(Velocity = Area * distance [A*d]) m= Avt(distance = velocity * time [v*t]) m =Av t m R=Av (Let =R which is the flow rate) t

The velocity of fluid is inversely proportional to its pressure V=

Equation: P+ v2+ gh= constant 1 1 2 P1+ v1 + gh1 = P2 + v22+ gh2


2 2

P+ gy + v2 = constant No change in height, then: P + v2 = constant


slower speed
more pressure

faster speed less pressure

Bernoullis Principle is applicable to cases where:

Flow is laminar Substance referred to are fluids since they are incompressible.

Law of Continuity holds true if:

AIRFOIL

On top: greater air speed and less air pressure On bottom: less air speed and more air pressure

Spoiler airfoil reversed


less air speed; more pressure

greater air speed; less pressure

net force: downward

Racecar

Spoiler provides better traction and avoids lift

Curved Ball

It is simply two equations of work equated to each other and applied to fluids but involves numerous process.

~ Work = Force x distance ~ Work = Energy = K.E. + P.E.

grav

Wext. = K.E. + P.E.grav


K.E. =
1 2 1 2 mv 2

= Vv2 = V(v2
1 2 1 2

(m = V) V = Ad = Avt

v1

2)

= Rt(v22- v12)

V = Rt

Wext. = K.E. + P.E.grav


P.E. = mgh
= Vg (h1 h2) = Rtg(h1 h2)
(m = V) V = Ad = Avt V = Rt

Wsurr= K.E. + P.E.grav = Rt(v2 - v2)+ Rt(h1 h2)

1 [ 2

(v22 - v12)+ (h1 h2)]Rt

Wsys = F * d = - PAd

(Force = P * A) d = vt - sign means work is done by system

= - PAvt
= - PRt = - (P2 P1)Rt

= (P1 P2) Rt

Wsys= Wsurr
1 [ (v22 2

v12)+ g(h1 h2)] Rt = (P1 P2)Rt

1 2 1 2

(v22 v12)+ g(h2 h1) = (P1 P2)


v2
2 1

v12+ gh2 gh1= P1 P2

1 P1+ v12+ 2

gh1= P2 +

1 v22+ 2

gh2

You may now blame Bernoulli for your umbrella misfortune.

Sources:
http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/laminar_flow.html

http://www.if.ufrj.br/~coelho/Newman/Newman08.pdf
http://www.aplusphysics.com/courses/honors/fluids/Bernoulli.html http://www.aplusphysics.com/courses/honors/fluids/continuity.html https://www.boundless.com/physics/fluids/fluids-in-motion/flowrate-and-the-equation-of-continuity/

http://www.slideshare.net/vyvianleow/bernoullis-principle-22117891

You might also like