RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

PRESENTED BY:-

SUMMARY

Introduction to Resource
A resource is a source or supply from which benefit is produced. Typically resources are materials, services, staff, or other assets that are transformed to produce benefit and in the process may be consumed or made unavailable. Benefits of resource utilization may include increased wealth, meeting needs or wants, proper functioning of a system, or enhanced well being. From a human perspective a natural resource is anything obtained from the environment to satisfy human needs and wants.[1] From a broader biological or ecological perspective a resource satisfies the needs of a living organism (biological resource).

Natural Resource
Natural resources occur naturally within environments that exist relatively undisturbed by humanity, in a natural form.

A natural resource is often characterized by amounts

of biodiversity and geodiversity existent in

various ecosystems. Natural resources are derived from the environment. Some of them are essential for our survival while most are used for satisfying our wants. Natural resources may be further classified in different ways.

Natural Resource
Natural resources are materials and components (something that can be used) that can be found within the

environment. Every man-made product is composed of

natural resources (at its fundamental level). A natural resource may exist as a separate entity such as fresh water, and air, as well as a living organism such as a fish, or it may exist in an alternate form which must be

processed to obtain the resource such as metal ores, oil,

and most forms of energy.

Classification
Origin Biotic

Abiotic
Reserve

Natural resources

Stage of development

Potential
Stock Actual

Renewability

Renewable Non renewable

HMMMM....
If nonrenewable resources are resources that cannot be re-made at a scale comparable to its consumption, what are renewable resources?

Renewable resources
Renewable resources are the natural resources with their ability that once used they can be

replaced by some natural process within a

certain period of time. They constitute our natural environment and form our ecosystem. Any natural resource can qualify as a

renewable resource if its quantity can be

increased over a period of time.

Types of renewable resources

SOLAR ENERGY
Energy from the sun.

Why is energy from the sun is an renewable?

SOLAR ENERGY
Solar energy is energy that comes directly from the sun.
The sun is a constant natural source of heat and light, and its radiation can be converted to electricity. Solar energy is the energy derived directly from the Sun, and is the most abundant source of energy on Earth.

The fastest growing type of alternative energy, increasing

at 50 percent a year, is the photovoltaic cell, which converts sunlight directly into electricity. The Sun yearly delivers more than 10,000 times the energy that humans currently use.

ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWER

Cost

Solar energy is free although there is a cost in the building of collectors and other equipment required to convert solar energy into electricity.

Solar energy does not cause pollution.

Pollution

Solar energy can be used in remote areas where it is too expensive to extend the electricity power grid. Electricity Many everyday items such as calculators and other low power consuming devices can be powered by solar energy effectively.

Conservatio n of electricity

infinite

It is estimated that the worlds oil reserves will last for 30 to 40 years. On the other hand, solar energy is infinite (forever).

DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWER

1. Solar energy can only be harnessed when it is daytime and sunny. 2. Solar collectors, panels and cells are relatively expensive to manufacture although prices are falling rapidly.

3. Solar power stations can be built but they do not match the power output of
similar sized conventional power stations. They are also very expensive.

4. In countries such as the UK, the unreliable climate means that solar energy is also unreliable as a source of energy. Cloudy skies reduce its effectiveness.

5. Large areas of land are required to capture the suns energy.

BIOMASS ENERGY Energy from burning organic or living matter.

Why is energy from biomass renewable?

BIOMASS ENERGY
It is a biological material from living organisms. It is carbon, hydrogen and oxygen based. Biomass energy is derived from five distinct energy sources: garbage, wood, waste, landfill gases, and alcohol fuels. It can be used to generate electricity and make industrial products such as fibre or industrial chemical such as biofuel.

Advantages of Biomass Energy

1. No Harmful Emissions

2. Clean Energy
3. Abundant and Renewable 4. Reduce Dependency on Fossil Fuels 5. Reduce Landfills 6. Can be Used to Create Different

Products

Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

1. Expensive 2. Inefficient as Compared to Fossil Fuels 3. Harmful to Environment 4. Consume More Fuel 5. Require More Land

WIND ENERGY Energy from the wind.

Why is energy from the wind renewable?

WIND ENERGY
It is the conversion of wind energy into more useful forms. Most of the wind power is generated in the form of electricity by converting the rotation of turbine blades into electrical current by means of an electrical generator.

Advantages Of Wind Energy

1. Renewable Energy 2. Reduces Fossil Fuels Consumption

3. Less Air and Water Pollution

4. Initial Cost 5. Create Many Jobs

Disadvantages of Wind Energy

1. 2. 3. It is Dependent on the Availability of Wind Wind Turbines Kill Birds The Speed of the Blowing Wind Has to Be Right

4.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

The Energy Density of Wind Is Low

This Form of Energy is Not Efficient The Energy that is Produced Cant Be Stored in Large Scale The Turbines are Noisy The Amount of Wind that Blows Is Unpredictable This Form of Energy is Suited to Be Set Up in Specific Places

10. The Visual Impact that Turbines Have on the People

11. Land Use

12. Poor Electricity Production 13. Turbines Interfere With the Reception of Televisions

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Energy from Earths heat. Why is energy from the heat of the Earth renewable?

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Heat from deep within the earth is called "geothermal energy. In some locations,

geothermal energy is close enough to the surface that, by drilling a well to reach the heat source, the energy can be extracted and used for heating buildings and other purposes. Where the

temperatures are hot enough, geothermal energy

can be used to generate electricity.

Advantages of Geothermal Energy

1) 2) It is a renewable source of energy. By far, it is non-polluting and environment friendly.

3)

There is no wastage or generation of by-products.

4) Geothermal energy can be used directly. In ancient times, people used this source of energy for heating homes, cooking, etc.

5) Maintenance cost of geothermal power plants is very less.

6) Geothermal power plants don't occupy too much space

and thus help in protecting natural environment.

7) Unlike solar energy, it is not dependent on the weather

Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy

1) Only few sites have the potential of Geothermal Energy. 2) Most of the sites, where geothermal energy is produced, are far from markets or cities, where it needs to be consumed. 3) Total generation potential of this source is too small. 4) There is always a danger of eruption of volcano. 5) Installation cost of steam power plant is very high. 6) There is no guarantee that the amount of energy which is produced will justify the capital expenditure and operations costs. 7) It may release some harmful, poisonous gases that can escape through

the holes drilled during construction.

WATER/HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

Energy from the flow of water.

Why is energy of flowing water renewable?

WATER/HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

It is the energy conversion of moving water in other useful forms. It is used in various

areas such as irrigation, sawmills but the

most important is generation of electricity as its a very cheap process.

ADVANTAGES OF HYDROPOWER
1. Hydropower is a clean, non-polluting source of energy. 2. Hydroelectric power is considered to be a renewable source of energy. 3. Emitting a very low level of greenhouse gases when compared to fossil fuel plants.

4. Hydropower has a low operating cost, once installed, and can be highly
automated. 5. The power is generally available on demand since the flow of water can be

controlled.
6. Reservoirs can also offer a variety of recreational opportunities, including fishing, boating, and swimming. 7. It can be transmitted to a long distance through wires and cables.

DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROPOWER
1. Dams are extremely expensive to build and must be built to a very high standard. 2. The high cost of dam construction means that they must operate for many

decades to become profitable.

3. The flooding of large areas of land means that the natural environment is destroyed. 4. People living in villages and towns that are in the valley to be flooded, must move out. This means that they lose their farms and businesses. In some countries, people are forcibly removed so that hydro-power schemes can go ahead.

5. The building of large dams can cause serious geological damage. For
example, the building of the Hoover Dam in the USA triggered a number of earth quakes and has depressed the earths surface at its location.

DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROPOWER
6. Although modern planning and design of dams is good, in the past old dams have been known to be breached (the dam gives under the weight of water in the lake). This has led to deaths and flooding.

7. Dams built blocking the progress of a river in one country usually means that the water supply from the same river in the following country is out of their control. This can lead to serious problems between neighboring countries. 8. Building a large dam alters the natural water table level. For example, the building of the Aswan Dam in Egypt has altered the level of the water

table. This is slowly leading to damage of many of its ancient monuments

as salts and destructive minerals are deposited in the stone work from rising damp caused by the changing water table level.

Reasons behind the need of renewable resources Industrial revolution Global population Environment degradation Global Warming Price rise of resources

NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES

A nonrenewable resource is a natural resource that cannot be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its consumption.

NUCLEAR ENERGY

Nuclear fission uses uranium to create energy.

Nuclear energy is a nonrenewable resource because once the uranium is used, it is gone!

COAL, PETROLEUM, AND GAS

Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are considered nonrenewable because they can not be replenished in a short period of time. These are called fossil fuels.

QUESTIONS What are the current and projected energy (fuel + electricity) demands in INDIA? How is the demand for electricity currently being generated? In the future? What contribution can renewable energy make to future fuel and electricity needs?

CONCLUSION