Principles of Quotation

Principles of Quotation
SA
SA
St. Martin
St. Martin
s Handbook
s Handbook
1. Don
1. Don
t Quote Everything
t Quote Everything
Not every source idea is actually worth quoting. Generally, you should quote only Not every source idea is actually worth quoting. Generally, you should quote only
for for
reasons of reasons of

Conciseness: If paraphrasing woul ta!e up "uch "ore space# Conciseness: If paraphrasing woul ta!e up "uch "ore space# quote. quote.

Accuracy: If paraphrasing woul cause inaccuracy# Accuracy: If paraphrasing woul cause inaccuracy# quote. quote.

$e"ora%le language: If the original says it %etter# $e"ora%le language: If the original says it %etter# quote. quote.

Authority: If an e&pert Authority: If an e&perts wors woul a to your crei%ility# s wors woul a to your crei%ility# quote. quote.
'()E*+ISE: '()E*+ISE:
Paraphrase or su""ari,e. An always avoi relying too heavily on -uotations# Paraphrase or su""ari,e. An always avoi relying too heavily on -uotations#
which shoul which shoul supplement supplement your argu"ent# not "a!e it for you. your argu"ent# not "a!e it for you.
.. /e E&act
.. /e E&act
As a writer, you are obliged to respect the As a writer, you are obliged to respect the
integrity and wholeness of the source's ideas. integrity and wholeness of the source's ideas.
Thus, Thus,
avoid distorting or changing the intended avoid distorting or changing the intended
meaning. Nobody lies being misquoted. And meaning. Nobody lies being misquoted. And
you can quote me on that! you can quote me on that!
E&. 1. Deter"ine the accuracy of
E&. 1. Deter"ine the accuracy of
these -uotations:
these -uotations:

a" a" 'riginal 'riginal# #

$ilson, you won't mae it to $ilson, you won't mae it to
the big leagues if you don't the big leagues if you don't
wor. wor. Ex-Sox manager, Ex-Sox manager,
Larry Himes, to Sox pitcher Larry Himes, to Sox pitcher. .

b" b" 'riginal 'riginal# #

%t is better to be maing the %t is better to be maing the
news than taing it& to be an news than taing it& to be an
actor than a critic. actor than a critic.
Churchill Churchill

Quotation Quotation# #

'imes said % (won't mae it 'imes said % (won't mae it

to the big leagues.( to the big leagues.( Wilson Wilson
Alvarez, ex- Sox pitcher. Alvarez, ex- Sox pitcher.

Quotation Quotation# #
$inston )hurchill $inston )hurchill
maintained that it was better maintained that it was better
(to be an actor than a critic.( (to be an actor than a critic.(

Answers to E&ercise 1
Answers to E&ercise 1

*a.
*a.
%naccurate
%naccurate
. The quotation overloos the
. The quotation overloos the


qualifier in the original#
qualifier in the original#
if
if
you don't wor.
you don't wor.


*b"
*b"
%naccurate
%naccurate
# Although )hurchill did say
# Although )hurchill did say


the words in the quotation, they are taen
the words in the quotation, they are taen


out of conte+t because he was using a
out of conte+t because he was using a


theatrical analogy to tal about politics while
theatrical analogy to tal about politics while


the quote maes it appear he was taling
the quote maes it appear he was taling


about theater.
about theater.
he !uote coul" #e use" if the
he !uote coul" #e use" if the


context is given, though.
context is given, though.
E&. .. Deter"ine the accuracy of
E&. .. Deter"ine the accuracy of
these -uotations:
these -uotations:

,-%G%NA./# ,-%G%NA./#
The shows these children choose The shows these children choose
to watch often present violence in to watch often present violence in
an attractive form, and some have an attractive form, and some have
even gone so far as to depict even gone so far as to depict
clever ways of committing clever ways of committing
crimes. crimes. 0any of these children 0any of these children
later re1enact the violent acts they later re1enact the violent acts they
have witnessed on T2 in order to have witnessed on T2 in order to
recapture the thrills recapture the thrills. . % contend, % contend,
however, that this widely however, that this widely
accepted e+planation of a serious accepted e+planation of a serious
social problem is too simplistic. social problem is too simplistic.
3ane 4oe 3ane 4oe

/ 5+cerpt from / 5+cerpt from $riting -esearch $riting -esearch
6apers 6apers. .

78,TAT%,N 78,TAT%,N
9ociologist 3ane 4oe :oins those 9ociologist 3ane 4oe :oins those
people who denounce violence on people who denounce violence on
television as the primary cause of television as the primary cause of
the sharp increase in the number the sharp increase in the number
of crimes committed by young of crimes committed by young
people# people# (0any of these children (0any of these children
later re1enact the violent acts they later re1enact the violent acts they
have witnessed on T2 in order to have witnessed on T2 in order to
recapture the thrills( recapture the thrills( ;<*". ;<*".
Answer to E&. .
Answer to E&. .

%naccurate.
%naccurate.
'ere again, the quotation is taen
'ere again, the quotation is taen
out of conte+t. The writer
out of conte+t. The writer
=s meaning is
=s meaning is
e+actly the opposite of what the quotation
e+actly the opposite of what the quotation
suggests.
suggests.
E&actness Aenu"
E&actness Aenu"

>eing e+act also means copying the original

>eing e+act also means copying the original
complete
complete


with any
with any
archaic language and?or errors of spelling,
archaic language and?or errors of spelling,


punctuation, and grammar
punctuation, and grammar
. %n cases where you need
. %n cases where you need


to show an error is not yours, use
to show an error is not yours, use
@sicA
@sicA
, meaning
, meaning
(thus.
(thus.
B
B

a" ,ne of 'eywood's 6roverbs says that (a new a" ,ne of 'eywood's 6roverbs says that (a new brome brome
sweepeth sweepeth clean. clean.B B $o sic nee"e" here. $o sic nee"e" here.
b" 3ones writes, (5very man wants their @sicA own house.( b" 3ones writes, (5very man wants their @sicA own house.(
'e said, (9pelling is 'e said, (9pelling is dificult @sicA. dificult @sicA.B B %on&t #lame me' %on&t #lame me'
0. /e Selective
0. /e Selective
8se only what is needed from the source to
8se only what is needed from the source to
support your point or purpose.
support your point or purpose.


E&. 1A: +hich part of the passage is
E&. 1A: +hich part of the passage is
neee to support the point1
neee to support the point1

.ead in# 6aine did not believe that all would be loyal .ead in# 6aine did not believe that all would be loyal
to the revolutionary cause#CCC to the revolutionary cause#CCC
A" These are the times that try men's souls. >" The summer A" These are the times that try men's souls. >" The summer
soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrin from soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrin from
the service of his country# )" but he that stands it now the service of his country# )" but he that stands it now
deserves the love and thans of men and women. 4" Tyranny, deserves the love and thans of men and women. 4" Tyranny,
lie hell, is not easily conquered. 5" Det we have this lie hell, is not easily conquered. 5" Det we have this
consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more
glorious the triumph. glorious the triumph.

Answer for E&. 1A
Answer for E&. 1A

The correct answer is >.

The correct answer is >.

6aine did not believe that all would be loyal

6aine did not believe that all would be loyal
to the revolutionary cause#
to the revolutionary cause#
BThe summer
BThe summer
soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this
soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this
crisis, shrin from the service of his country.E
crisis, shrin from the service of his country.E


9ummer soldiers and sunshine patriots are
9ummer soldiers and sunshine patriots are
metaphors for those who are loyal only during
metaphors for those who are loyal only during
the best of timesFsummers and sunshine.
the best of timesFsummers and sunshine.


E&. 1/: +hich part of the passage is
E&. 1/: +hich part of the passage is
neee to support the point1
neee to support the point1

.ead in# 6aine warned that victory would not be easy#

.ead in# 6aine warned that victory would not be easy#


A" These are the times that try men's souls. >" The
A" These are the times that try men's souls. >" The
summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this
summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this
crisis, shrin from the service of his country# )" but
crisis, shrin from the service of his country# )" but
he that stands it now deserves the love and thans of
he that stands it now deserves the love and thans of
men and women. 4" Tyranny, lie hell, is not easily
men and women. 4" Tyranny, lie hell, is not easily
conquered. 5" Det we have this consolation with us,
conquered. 5" Det we have this consolation with us,
that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the
that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the
triumph.
triumph.


Answer for E&. 1/
Answer for E&. 1/

The correct answer is 4.

The correct answer is 4.


6aine warned that victory would not be easy#
6aine warned that victory would not be easy#


B
B
Tyranny, lie hell, is not easily conquered.E
Tyranny, lie hell, is not easily conquered.E


9entence 5 would not wor as well because it
9entence 5 would not wor as well because it


focuses more on the consolation of triumphing
focuses more on the consolation of triumphing
through adversity, not the adversity itself.
through adversity, not the adversity itself.



B
B
Det we have this consolation with us, that the
Det we have this consolation with us, that the
harder the conflict, the more glorious the
harder the conflict, the more glorious the
triumph.E
triumph.E
E&. 1C: +hich part of the passage is
E&. 1C: +hich part of the passage is
neee to support the point1
neee to support the point1

.ead in# %n his famous passage about the impending .ead in# %n his famous passage about the impending
-evolutionary $ar, 6aine warned about the possibility of -evolutionary $ar, 6aine warned about the possibility of
disloyalty, the difficulty of victory, and the potential rewards disloyalty, the difficulty of victory, and the potential rewards
of winning, writing of winning, writing
A" These are the times that try men's souls. >" The summer A" These are the times that try men's souls. >" The summer
soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrin from soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrin from
the service of his country# )" but he that stands it now the service of his country# )" but he that stands it now
deserves the love and thans of men and women. 4" Tyranny, deserves the love and thans of men and women. 4" Tyranny,
lie hell, is not easily conquered. 5" Det we have this lie hell, is not easily conquered. 5" Det we have this
consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more
glorious the triumph. glorious the triumph.

Answer to E&. 1C
Answer to E&. 1C

The correct answer is all.

The correct answer is all.




'ere the lead1in gives a blueprint of the main
'ere the lead1in gives a blueprint of the main
points of the passage, maing it easy for
points of the passage, maing it easy for
readers to mae the connections. Note that the
readers to mae the connections. Note that the
order of the passage topics should parallel the
order of the passage topics should parallel the
order of the blueprint topics.
order of the blueprint topics.
E&. Quote longer than four lines:
E&. Quote longer than four lines:
2uielines 2uielines

8se a lead1in that controls, 8se a lead1in that controls,

telegraphs, and clearly connects to telegraphs, and clearly connects to
the quotation& the quotation&

%ndent ten spaces from the left %ndent ten spaces from the left
margin& margin&

,mit quotation mars e+cept if there ,mit quotation mars e+cept if there
is an internal quotation& is an internal quotation&

4ouble1space throughout& 4ouble1space throughout&

6ut the parenthetical 6ut the parenthetical outsi"e outsi"e the the
ending punctuation instead of the ending punctuation instead of the
normal inside. normal inside.

.ead in# %n his famous passage about the .ead in# %n his famous passage about the
-evolutionary $ar, 6aine warned about -evolutionary $ar, 6aine warned about
possible disloyalty, the difficulty of victory, possible disloyalty, the difficulty of victory,
and the potential rewards of winning# and the potential rewards of winning#
These are the times that try men's souls. The These are the times that try men's souls. The
summer soldier and the sunshine patriot summer soldier and the sunshine patriot
will, in this crisis, shrin from the service of will, in this crisis, shrin from the service of
his country# but he that stands it now his country# but he that stands it now
deserves the love and thans of men and deserves the love and thans of men and
women. Tyranny, lie hell, is not easily women. Tyranny, lie hell, is not easily
conquered# yet we have this consolation with us, conquered# yet we have this consolation with us,
that that
the harder the conflict, the more glorious the the harder the conflict, the more glorious the
triumph. ;GH" triumph. ;GH"
3. Always Introuce or Integrate the
3. Always Introuce or Integrate the
Quotation
Quotation

Accompany quotes with the appropriate format and

punctuation.

%ntroduce quotations of entire sentences or complete

thoughts, ideally in a way that
a" shapes our understanding of them and
b" lins with the quotation by the repetition of ey
terms or their synonyms.
Introuction (ype A
Introuction (ype A

)ites the author

)ites the author

%ntroduces the quote

%ntroduces the quote
with an appropriate
with an appropriate
ver#
ver#
of attri#ution
of attri#ution
# ;e.g.
# ;e.g.
observes, argues, says,
observes, argues, says,
stresses, notes, posits".
stresses, notes, posits".
$ote that the "efault
$ote that the "efault
tense is the present
tense is the present
tense
tense
.
.

8ses a
8ses a
comma
comma
to signal
to signal
that the source's words
that the source's words
will follow
will follow

'riginal
'riginal
# 'istory is as
# 'istory is as
all1embracing as life
all1embracing as life
itself and the mind of
itself and the mind of
man.
man.
Commager
Commager

Quotation
Quotation
#
#


)ommager
)ommager
states
states
#
#

(
(
)
)
istory is as
istory is as
all embracing as life
all embracing as life
itself and the mind of
itself and the mind of
man( ;HG".
man( ;HG".
E&ercise 3A
E&ercise 3A

$hich is correctI $hich is correctI

A*. 6aine writes, A*. 6aine writes, BDet we have BDet we have
this this
consolation with us, that the consolation with us, that the
harder the conflict, the harder the conflict, the
more glorious the triumph. more glorious the triumph.E E
AH. 6aine writes& AH. 6aine writes& BDet we have BDet we have
this this
consolation with us, that the consolation with us, that the
harder the conflict, the more harder the conflict, the more
glorious the triumph. glorious the triumph.E E

$hich is correctI $hich is correctI

AJ. 6aine writes# AJ. 6aine writes# BThese are the BThese are the
times that try men times that try men=s souls.E =s souls.E
A<. 6aine writes, A<. 6aine writes, BThese are the BThese are the
times that try men times that try men=s souls.E =s souls.E
Answers to 3A
Answers to 3A

The correct answers are A* and A<.

The correct answers are A* and A<.
(ype A 4ariant
(ype A 4ariant

$hen ending your citation $hen ending your citation

with ( with (that that,( howeverF ,( howeverF

a" a" no no co""a co""a is used and is used and

b" b" capitali,ation capitali,ation of the of the

first wor first wor of the quotation of the quotation
conforms to its grammatical conforms to its grammatical
position in position in your your sentence sentence
e+cept in cases of proper e+cept in cases of proper
nouns and (%( nouns and (%(

)hanges in the quote are )hanges in the quote are

shown with bracets# @ A. shown with bracets# @ A.

'riginal 'riginal# # 'istory is as all1 'istory is as all1

embracing as life itself and embracing as life itself and
the mind of man. the mind of man.
7uotation# 7uotation#

)ommager states )ommager states that that

(@ (@h5 h5istory is all embracing istory is all embracing
as life itself and the mind of as life itself and the mind of
man( man(
;HG". ;HG".
E&. 3A 4ariant
E&. 3A 4ariant

$hich is correctI $hich is correctI

A2*. 6aine writes, A2*. 6aine writes, Bthat the Bthat the
harder the conflict, the harder the conflict, the
more glorious the more glorious the
triumph. triumph.E E
A2H. 6aine writes A2H. 6aine writes Bthat the Bthat the
harder the conflict, the harder the conflict, the
more glorious the more glorious the
triumph. triumph.E E

$hich is correctI $hich is correctI

A2J. 6aine writes that A2J. 6aine writes that
B@tAhese B@tAhese
are the times that try are the times that try
men men=s souls.E =s souls.E
A2<. 6aine writes that, A2<. 6aine writes that,
B@tAhese B@tAhese
are the times that try are the times that try
men men=s souls.E =s souls.E
Answers to 3A4
Answers to 3A4

The correct answers are A2H and A2J.

The correct answers are A2H and A2J.




Note# %t is permissible to omit the
Note# %t is permissible to omit the
BthatE and?or the
BthatE and?or the


the
the
BtheE from the quotation because these are
BtheE from the quotation because these are


merely structural words unessential to
merely structural words unessential to
meaning.
meaning.




5+ample# 6aine writes
5+ample# 6aine writes
that the
that the
Bharder the conflict,
Bharder the conflict,
the
the


more glorious the triumph.
more glorious the triumph.
E
E
Introuction (ype /
Introuction (ype /

Is preferre approach Is preferre approach

2ives 2ives a a "ore focuse or "ore focuse or

precise lea6in precise lea6in that that
a" shapes the reader a" shapes the reader=s =s
understanding of the quote understanding of the quote
b" lins with the quote via b" lins with the quote via
repetition of ey term or repetition of ey term or
synonym synonym

Note# Note# (nly (nly when lead ins when lead ins
are are grammatically complete grammatically complete
thoughts thoughts and and
telegraphic telegraphic do you use a do you use a
colon colon

'riginal 'riginal# 'istory is as all1 # 'istory is as all1

embracing as life itself and embracing as life itself and
the mind of man. the mind of man.
7uotation# 7uotation#

)ommager shows the )ommager shows the wie wie

scope of history scope of history# ('istory # ('istory
is as is as all embracing all embracing as life as life

itself and the mind of itself and the mind of
man ( ;HG". man ( ;HG".

Scope of history Scope of history lin!s with lin!s with
all embracing all embracing
E&. 3/
E&. 3/

$hich is correct and what are the $hich is correct and what are the
lining wordsI lining wordsI
>*. 6aine writes of how hard >*. 6aine writes of how hard
the struggle with 5ngland the struggle with 5ngland
will be# will be# BThese are the BThese are the
times that try men times that try men=s souls.E =s souls.E

>H. According to 6aine# >H. According to 6aine#
B BThese are the times that These are the times that
try men try men=s souls.E =s souls.E

$hich is correct and what are the $hich is correct and what are the
lining wordsI lining wordsI
>J. 6aine writes this about the >J. 6aine writes this about the
impending war with impending war with
5ngland, 5ngland, BThese are the BThese are the
times that try men times that try men=s souls.E =s souls.E
><. -eflecting his concern about the ><. -eflecting his concern about the
impending war with 5ngland, impending war with 5ngland,
6aine writes, 6aine writes, BThese are the BThese are the
times that try men times that try men=s souls.E =s souls.E
Answers to 3/
Answers to 3/

The answers are >* and ><.

The answers are >* and ><.

The lining terms

The lining terms
between the lead1ins and the
between the lead1ins and the
quotation are these#
quotation are these#




>*. 6aine writes of how hard the
>*. 6aine writes of how hard the
struggle
struggle
with
with
5ngland will be#
5ngland will be#
BThese are the
BThese are the
times that try
times that try
men=s
men=s
souls.E
souls.E


><.
><.
-eflecting his
-eflecting his
concern
concern
about the
about the
impending war
impending war



with 5ngland, 6aine writes,
with 5ngland, 6aine writes,
BThese are the
BThese are the
times that
times that

try
try
men=s souls.E
men=s souls.E
Aitional Punctuation
Aitional Punctuation
Terminal marks
Terminal marks

When parenthetical citation When parenthetical citation

is involve" is involve", , the the
6 perio 6 perio
6 -uestion "ar! 6 -uestion "ar!
6 e&cla"ation# 6 e&cla"ation# and and
6 6 co""a co""a
go go outside outside the quote mars the quote mars
and the parentheses# and the parentheses# E ;*<". E ;*<".

E&a"ple: E&a"ple:
('istory,( writes ('istory,( writes
)ommager, (is as )ommager, (is as
all embracing as the all embracing as the
mind of man mind of man( ;KL". ( ;KL".

,r ,r internally internally# $hile # $hile

(@hAistory is as (@hAistory is as
all embracing as the mind of all embracing as the mind of
man man( ;)ommager KL" ( ;)ommager KL", is it , is it
also invariably also invariably Bthe story of Bthe story of
the winnersE the winnersE ;Turner <M"I ;Turner <M"I

The question here is the The question here is the

writer writer=s, not Turner=s. =s, not Turner=s.
A 4ariant
A 4ariant

)f the
)f the
su#*ect
su#*ect
of the !uote as+s the !uestion or
of the !uote as+s the !uestion or
ma+es the exclamation, "o this
ma+es the exclamation, "o this
#
#



a" )ommager ass,
a" )ommager ass,
B%s this history
B%s this history
IE ;*J".
IE ;*J".


b"
b"
)ommager e+claims,
)ommager e+claims,
B%s this history
B%s this history
!E ;*J".
!E ;*J".
E&. 3C61
E&. 3C61

$hich is correctI $hich is correctI

)*. Nuttner writes that )*. Nuttner writes that Be1mail Be1mail
has a dar side ;H<". has a dar side ;H<".E E
)H. Nuttner writes that )H. Nuttner writes that Be1mail Be1mail
has a dar side has a dar sideE ;H<". E ;H<".

$hich is correctI $hich is correctI

)J. )J. B%t is also a thief,E he B%t is also a thief,E he
says, says,
adding that it adding that it Bsteals our Bsteals our
time and our privacy. time and our privacy.E E
;H<". ;H<".

)<. )<. B%t is also a thief,E he B%t is also a thief,E he
says, says,
adding that it adding that it Bsteals our Bsteals our
time and our privacy time and our privacyE E
;H<". ;H<".
Answers to 3C61
Answers to 3C61

The correct answers are

The correct answers are

)H. Nuttner writes that
)H. Nuttner writes that
Be1mail has a dar sideE ;H<".
Be1mail has a dar sideE ;H<".
)<.
)<.
B%t is also a thief,E he says, adding that it
B%t is also a thief,E he says, adding that it


B
B
steals our time and our privacyE ;H<".
steals our time and our privacyE ;H<".
Note# The ;H<" will cover the thief part of the
Note# The ;H<" will cover the thief part of the


quote only if both actually occur on that
quote only if both actually occur on that


page. %f the pages are different, this would
page. %f the pages are different, this would


be the approach#
be the approach#
B%t is also a thiefE ;HJ",
B%t is also a thiefE ;HJ",
E&. 3C6.
E&. 3C6.

$hich is correctI
$hich is correctI
)M. 4espite believing that
)M. 4espite believing that
Be1mail has a dar side,E
Be1mail has a dar side,E


Nuttner concedes on
Nuttner concedes on


a later page that the
a later page that the


B
B
%nternet is a
%nternet is a


marvel
marvel
E ;HM".
E ;HM".

)G. 4espite believing that
)G. 4espite believing that
Be1mail has a dar
Be1mail has a dar


side
side
E ;H<", Nuttner
E ;H<", Nuttner
concedes on a later page
concedes on a later page
that the B%nternet is a
that the B%nternet is a
marvelE ;HM".
marvelE ;HM".
Answer to 3C6.
Answer to 3C6.
)G. 4espite believing that
)G. 4espite believing that
Be1mail has a dar
Be1mail has a dar


side
side
E ;H<", Nuttner concedes on a later page
E ;H<", Nuttner concedes on a later page


that the
that the
B%nternet is a marvelE ;HM".
B%nternet is a marvelE ;HM".
Aitional Punctuation
Aitional Punctuation
Colon and Semi-colon
Colon and Semi-colon

The
The
parenthetical
parenthetical
,
,
colon#
colon#
and
and
se"i6colon
se"i6colon
also
also
go
go
outside
outside
the quotation mars#
the quotation mars#


9ocrates says, (There is only one good,
9ocrates says, (There is only one good,
nowledge(
nowledge(
;<M"&
;<M"&
4emocritus casts doubt on
4emocritus casts doubt on
nowledge itself in (Oragment(
nowledge itself in (Oragment(
#
#
(%n truth we
(%n truth we
now nothing . . .( ;MG".
now nothing . . .( ;MG".
E&. 3D
E&. 3D
$hich is correctI
$hich is correctI
4*. Nuttner argues that
4*. Nuttner argues that


B
B
e1mail has a dar
e1mail has a dar


side
side
E ;H<"& however,
E ;H<"& however,


he concedes that the
he concedes that the


B
B
%nternet is a
%nternet is a


marvel
marvel
E ;HM".
E ;HM".
4H. Nuttner argues that
4H. Nuttner argues that


B
B
e1mail has a dar
e1mail has a dar


side
side
E& ;H<" however,
E& ;H<" however,


he concedes that the
he concedes that the


B
B
%nternet is a
%nternet is a


marvel
marvel
E ;HM".
E ;HM".
Answer to e&. 3D
Answer to e&. 3D
4H. Nuttner argues that
4H. Nuttner argues that
Be1mail has a dar
Be1mail has a dar


side
side
E& ;H<" however, he concedes that the
E& ;H<" however, he concedes that the


B
B
%nternet is a marvelE ;HM".
%nternet is a marvelE ;HM".
Aitional Punctuation
Aitional Punctuation
Quotes within Quotes
Quotes within Quotes

Quotes within -uotes

Quotes within -uotes
are mared by
are mared by
single
single

quotation mars
quotation mars
inside
inside
"ou#le
"ou#le
quotation
quotation
mars#
mars#


The critic writes,
The critic writes,
B
B
To call these poems
To call these poems
'wors
'wors
of art'
of art'
is a stretch
is a stretch
(
(
;<<".
;<<".


Note# %f the quote occurs within a lengthy
Note# %f the quote occurs within a lengthy
quote that has been set off, you do use double
quote that has been set off, you do use double
quotation mars.
quotation mars.
E&. 3E
E&. 3E

$hich is correctI
$hich is correctI
5*. Nuttner writes,
5*. Nuttner writes,
B% got
B% got


an e1mail from a
an e1mail from a


perfect stranger who
perfect stranger who


wanted
wanted
Bhelp on a
Bhelp on a


term paper
term paper
E he was
E he was


doing ;H<".
doing ;H<".
5H. Nuttner writes,
5H. Nuttner writes,
B% got
B% got


an e1mail from a
an e1mail from a


perfect stranger who
perfect stranger who


wanted
wanted
Phelp on a
Phelp on a


term paper
term paper
= he was
= he was


doing ;H<".
doing ;H<".
Answer to E&. 3E
Answer to E&. 3E
Nuttner writes,
Nuttner writes,
B% got
B% got


an e1mail from a
an e1mail from a


perfect stranger who
perfect stranger who


wanted
wanted
Phelp on a
Phelp on a


term paper
term paper
=
=
he was
he was


doing ;H<".
doing ;H<".
Quotation (ools
Quotation (ools

5llipsis mars# . . . 5llipsis mars# . . .

1 %ndicate omissions from quotations 1 %ndicate omissions from quotations
1 Are used to tighten a quote by omitting unneeded 1 Are used to tighten a quote by omitting unneeded
content content
1 have a space between each dot 1 have a space between each dot

>racets# @ A >racets# @ A
1 %ndicate editorial additions or changes within a quote 1 %ndicate editorial additions or changes within a quote
1 Are used to regulariQe the grammar, to mae a clarification 1 Are used to regulariQe the grammar, to mae a clarification
or to show an error or archaism in the original passage or to show an error or archaism in the original passage

Ellipsis 2uielines
Ellipsis 2uielines

A. %f a punctuation mar occurs in the original

A. %f a punctuation mar occurs in the original


#efore
#efore
the deleted words, retain it in your
the deleted words, retain it in your


quotation
quotation

,riginal#
,riginal#
(9hould our comrades see us now, it
(9hould our comrades see us now, it
is abundantly clear that we would hang( ;*J".
is abundantly clear that we would hang( ;*J".

7uote#
7uote#
The rebels new the danger of betrayal#
The rebels new the danger of betrayal#
(9hould our comrades see us now
(9hould our comrades see us now
, . . .
, . . .
we
we
would hang( ;3ones *J".
would hang( ;3ones *J".
E&. 37
E&. 37

,riginal# ,riginal# BAnd sure, e1mail is great for scheduling meetings, BAnd sure, e1mail is great for scheduling meetings,
for sending and receiving research materials, for allowing for sending and receiving research materials, for allowing
people in remote locations to collaborate on pro:ects.E people in remote locations to collaborate on pro:ects.E

$hich is correctI $hich is correctI

O*. Nuttner concedes that O*. Nuttner concedes that Be1mail is great for scheduling Be1mail is great for scheduling
meetings, . . . for allowing people in remote locations to meetings, . . . for allowing people in remote locations to
collaborate on pro:ectsE ;HJ". collaborate on pro:ectsE ;HJ".
OH. Nuttner concedes that OH. Nuttner concedes that Be1mail is great for scheduling Be1mail is great for scheduling
meetings, ... for allowing people in remote locations to meetings, ... for allowing people in remote locations to
collaborate on pro:ectsE ;HJ". collaborate on pro:ectsE ;HJ".
Answer to 37
Answer to 37
O*. Nuttner concedes that
O*. Nuttner concedes that
Be1mail is great for
Be1mail is great for
scheduling meetings, . . . for allowing people
scheduling meetings, . . . for allowing people
in remote locations to collaborate on pro:ects.E
in remote locations to collaborate on pro:ects.E
Ellipsis 2uielines
Ellipsis 2uielines

>. %f your deletion of the end of a quotation coincides

>. %f your deletion of the end of a quotation coincides
with the end of
with the end of
your
your
sentence, follow the ellipsis with
sentence, follow the ellipsis with
a period#
a period#


,riginal#
,riginal#
(To my mind the notion of the ennobling of
(To my mind the notion of the ennobling of
character through suffering is a false concept
character through suffering is a false concept
that
that
e+perience contradicts
e+perience contradicts
.
.
E 0augham
E 0augham


7uote#
7uote#
0augham questions whether suffering maes
0augham questions whether suffering maes
us better# (To my mind the notion of the ennobling of
us better# (To my mind the notion of the ennobling of
character through suffering is a false concept
character through suffering is a false concept
. . .(
. . .(

;*R".
;*R".
E&. 32
E&. 32
,riginal ,riginal# And sure, e1mail is great for scheduling # And sure, e1mail is great for scheduling
meetings, for sending and receiving research materials, meetings, for sending and receiving research materials,
for allowing people in remote locations to collaborate on for allowing people in remote locations to collaborate on
pro:ects. pro:ects.

$hich of these is correctI $hich of these is correctI
G*. Nuttner concedes that G*. Nuttner concedes that Be1mail is great for Be1mail is great for
scheduling meetings, for sending and scheduling meetings, for sending and
receiving research materials, . . . receiving research materials, . . .E ;H<". E ;H<".
GH. Nuttner concedes that GH. Nuttner concedes that Be1mail is great for Be1mail is great for
scheduling meetings, for sending and scheduling meetings, for sending and
receiving research materials receiving research materialsE. . . ;H<". E. . . ;H<".
Answer to e&. 32
Answer to e&. 32
G*. Nuttner concedes that
G*. Nuttner concedes that
Be1mail is great for
Be1mail is great for


scheduling meetings, for sending and
scheduling meetings, for sending and


receiving research materials, . . .
receiving research materials, . . .
E ;H<".
E ;H<".
Ellipsis 2uielines
Ellipsis 2uielines

). Oor indirect sources, use the abbreviation

). Oor indirect sources, use the abbreviation


qtd. in
qtd. in
;quoted in" in the parenthetical.
;quoted in" in the parenthetical.


,riginal#
,riginal#
%n one of his letters, $agner discusses the
%n one of his letters, $agner discusses the
myth?history conflict at the heart of his operas, saying
myth?history conflict at the heart of his operas, saying
they confront him
they confront him
Bwith opposing claimsE
Bwith opposing claimsE
;$inler,
;$inler,
$agner .etters
$agner .etters
*<".
*<".


%ndirect 7uote#
%ndirect 7uote#
$agner said myth and history stood
$agner said myth and history stood
before him
before him
(with opposing claims(
(with opposing claims(
;qtd. in $inler
;qtd. in $inler


*S". ;9ee also#
*S". ;9ee also#
$-6
$-6
".
".
Ellipsis 2uielines
Ellipsis 2uielines

4. 4. 4o not 4o not begin a quotation with an ellipsis unless the quoted portion would begin a quotation with an ellipsis unless the quoted portion would
seem to be grammatically complete# seem to be grammatically complete#
,riginal# ,riginal# ( (To my mind the notion To my mind the notion of the ennobling of character of the ennobling of character through through
suffering suffering is a false concept. is a false concept.E 0augham E 0augham

a" a" ,aulty ,aulty# # 0augham denies character is elevated 0augham denies character is elevated (. . . through suffering( (. . . through suffering( ;KL". ;KL".
-evised# -evised# 0augham denies character is elevated 0augham denies character is elevated (through suffering( (through suffering( ;KL". ;KL".
b" b" ,aulty- ,aulty- 0augham says, 0augham says, BThe ennobling of character through suffering is a BThe ennobling of character through suffering is a
false concept.( false concept.(
-evised# -evised# 0augham says, 0augham says, (. . . (. . . the ennobling of character through the ennobling of character through
suffering is a false concept suffering is a false conceptB ;KL". B ;KL".
(r (r
0augham says, (@TAhe ennobling of character through 0augham says, (@TAhe ennobling of character through
suffering is a false concept suffering is a false conceptB ;KL". B ;KL".

E&. )61
E&. )61

51mail brings a ind of pseudo1urgency that demands

51mail brings a ind of pseudo1urgency that demands
an instant response.
an instant response.

$hich is correctI
$hich is correctI
'*. Nuttner cites e1mail as having a
'*. Nuttner cites e1mail as having a
Bpseudo1urgency
Bpseudo1urgency
that
that


demands an instant response
demands an instant response
E ;H<".
E ;H<".
'H. Nuttner cites e1mail as having a
'H. Nuttner cites e1mail as having a
B. . . pseudo1urgency
B. . . pseudo1urgency


that demands an instant response
that demands an instant response
E ;H<".
E ;H<".
Answer to e&. )61
Answer to e&. )61
'*. Nuttner cites e1mail as having a
'*. Nuttner cites e1mail as having a
Bpseudo1
Bpseudo1


urgency that demands an instant
urgency that demands an instant


response
response
E ;H<".
E ;H<".
Note# %t is self1evident that the quoted portion is
Note# %t is self1evident that the quoted portion is


part of a larger sentence.
part of a larger sentence.
E&. )6.
E&. )6.

,riginal# A few years ago, when my daughter was a

,riginal# A few years ago, when my daughter was a
college freshman, % wrote a column singing the praises
college freshman, % wrote a column singing the praises
of e1mail.
of e1mail.

$hich is correctI
$hich is correctI
'J. Nuttner opens his editorial by saying he
'J. Nuttner opens his editorial by saying he
Bwrote a
Bwrote a


column singing the praises of e1mail
column singing the praises of e1mail
E ;H<".
E ;H<".
'<. Nuttner opens his editorial by saying he
'<. Nuttner opens his editorial by saying he
B. . . wrote a
B. . . wrote a


column singing the praises of e1mail
column singing the praises of e1mail
E ;H<".
E ;H<".
Answer to )6.
Answer to )6.
'<. Nuttner opens his editorial by saying he
'<. Nuttner opens his editorial by saying he


B
B
. . . wrote a column singing the praises of
. . . wrote a column singing the praises of


e1mail
e1mail
E ;H<".
E ;H<".
Note# $ithout the ellipsis mars or some
Note# $ithout the ellipsis mars or some


indication in the te+t, readers would
indication in the te+t, readers would


have no way of nowing that the quote is
have no way of nowing that the quote is


part of a longer sentence.
part of a longer sentence.
E&. )60
E&. )60
,riginal# ,riginal# And sure, e1mail is great for scheduling meetings, for sending and And sure, e1mail is great for scheduling meetings, for sending and
receiving research materials, for allowing people in remote locations to receiving research materials, for allowing people in remote locations to
collaborate on pro:ects. collaborate on pro:ects.
$hich of these is correctI $hich of these is correctI
'M. 'M. .ater, Nuttner concedes, .ater, Nuttner concedes, B51mail is great for scheduling meetings, for B51mail is great for scheduling meetings, for
sending and receiving research materials, for allowing people in remote sending and receiving research materials, for allowing people in remote
locations to collaborate on pro:ects locations to collaborate on pro:ectsE ;H<". E ;H<".
'G. .ater, Nuttner concedes, 'G. .ater, Nuttner concedes, B@eA1mail is great for scheduling meetings, for B@eA1mail is great for scheduling meetings, for
sending and receiving research materials, for allowing people in remote sending and receiving research materials, for allowing people in remote
locations to collaborate on pro:ects locations to collaborate on pro:ectsE ;H<". E ;H<".
Answer to )60
Answer to )60
'G. .ater, Nuttner concedes,
'G. .ater, Nuttner concedes,
B@5A1
B@5A1
mail is great for
mail is great for


scheduling meetings, for sending and
scheduling meetings, for sending and


receiving research materials, for allowing
receiving research materials, for allowing


people in remote locations to collaborate on
people in remote locations to collaborate on


pro:ects
pro:ects
E ;H<".
E ;H<".
Note# The bracets mae it clear that the original word
Note# The bracets mae it clear that the original word


did not start the sentence. Dou could also do this#
did not start the sentence. Dou could also do this#


B
B
@51mailA . . . .
@51mailA . . . .

Ellipsis 2uielines
Ellipsis 2uielines

5?O. 5?O. 4o not 4o not use ellipses use ellipses

1 to cover gaps of more than a few lines 1 to cover gaps of more than a few lines
1 if they would mangle the quotation's meaning, synta+, or 1 if they would mangle the quotation's meaning, synta+, or
structure structure

,riginal# ,riginal# 9ociety in every state is a blessing, but government, even in its 9ociety in every state is a blessing, but government, even in its
best state, is but a necessary evil& in its worst state, an best state, is but a necessary evil& in its worst state, an
intolerable intolerable
one( ;<M". 6aine one( ;<M". 6aine
,aulty ,aulty# # 6aine observes that (society . . . is a blessing, but government, . . 6aine observes that (society . . . is a blessing, but government, . .
. is . is
a necessary evil... in its worst state( ;<M". a necessary evil... in its worst state( ;<M".
9olution 9olution# Treat the relevant passages # Treat the relevant passages individually individually. .

/rac!ets 2uielines
/rac!ets 2uielines

8se to regulariQe the grammar. 8se to regulariQe the grammar. .uotations must conform to .uotations must conform to
the grammar of the rest of the sentence- the grammar of the rest of the sentence-
1 As >oyd Gibbons e+plains, 1 As >oyd Gibbons e+plains, BThe 6ilgrims @steppedA BThe 6ilgrims @steppedA
ashore to confront a wall of forest ashore to confront a wall of forestE ;JGG". E ;JGG".
1 1 Oaulty# Oaulty# The American -evolution The American -evolution was was Bthe times Bthe times
that try men that try men=s soulsE ;6aine MG". =s soulsE ;6aine MG".
-evised# -evised# The American -evolution was a time The American -evolution was a time
that that B@triedA B@triedA men=s soulsE ;6aine MG". men=s soulsE ;6aine MG".


/rac!ets 2uielines
/rac!ets 2uielines

8se to mae clarifications 8se to mae clarifications# #

1 1 BA farmer, 3ane .ee, spoe the Nuclear BA farmer, 3ane .ee, spoe the Nuclear
-egulatory )ommission about the occurrences. -egulatory )ommission about the occurrences.
There is something wrong in the There is something wrong in the @Three 0ile @Three 0ile
%slandA %slandA area, area,E he said. E he said. Example from Example from The 9t. The 9t.
0artin 0artin=s 'andboo =s 'andboo. .
- - / /%n a typical )hicago building at the turn of the century, %n a typical )hicago building at the turn of the century,
the spandrels @horiQontal panels under the windowsA are the spandrels @horiQontal panels under the windowsA are
recessed. recessed.E E


/rac!ets 2uielines
/rac!ets 2uielines

8se to show an error or an archaism in the original passage# 8se to show an error or an archaism in the original passage#
1According to one essay, 1According to one essay, B0arriage vowels B0arriage vowels @sic @sicA are taen less A are taen less
seriously today.E seriously today.E
1As the reviewer for 1As the reviewer for Gumshoe Gumshoe remars, remars, BThis absorbing BThis absorbing
mystery offers an attractively sardonic heroine mystery offers an attractively sardonic heroine @sicA @sicA and a and a
humdinger of a plotE ;J*". humdinger of a plotE ;J*". Example from Example from The 9t. 0artin=s The 9t. 0artin=s
'andboo 'andboo. .


E&. I61
E&. I61

$hich of these is correctI

$hich of these is correctI
%1*. Nuttner says,
%1*. Nuttner says,
B%n the meantime, it @e1mailA is an
B%n the meantime, it @e1mailA is an
awward adolescent that has borrowed the family car,
awward adolescent that has borrowed the family car,
hormones raging and radio blaring, with little regard
hormones raging and radio blaring, with little regard
for the rules of the roadE ;HJ".
for the rules of the roadE ;HJ".
%1H. %n concluding his critique of e1mail, Nuttner says,
%1H. %n concluding his critique of e1mail, Nuttner says,
B%n the meantime, it is an awward adolescent that
B%n the meantime, it is an awward adolescent that
has borrowed the family car, hormones raging and
has borrowed the family car, hormones raging and
radio blaring, with little regard for the rules of the
radio blaring, with little regard for the rules of the
roadE ;HJ".
roadE ;HJ".
Answer to e&. I61
Answer to e&. I61

>oth are correct. %t is clear from the conte+t of

>oth are correct. %t is clear from the conte+t of
the first e+ample that the pronoun refers to e1
the first e+ample that the pronoun refers to e1
mail& and the second e+ample supplies the
mail& and the second e+ample supplies the
clarification.
clarification.
E&. I6.
E&. I6.

,riginal# ,riginal# The magaQine that % edit regularly gets highly personal missives, The magaQine that % edit regularly gets highly personal missives,
sent by mistae to the wrong e1mail address thans to a typo. sent by mistae to the wrong e1mail address thans to a typo.

$hich of these is correctI $hich of these is correctI

%1J. Nuttner says that the %1J. Nuttner says that the BmagaQine % edit regularly gets highly BmagaQine % edit regularly gets highly
personal missives, sent by mistae to the wrong e1mail address personal missives, sent by mistae to the wrong e1mail address
thans to a typo thans to a typoE ;HJ". E ;HJ".
%1<. Nuttner says that the %1<. Nuttner says that the BmagaQine @he editsA regularly gets highly BmagaQine @he editsA regularly gets highly
personal missives, sent by mistae to the wrong e1mail address personal missives, sent by mistae to the wrong e1mail address
thans to a typo thans to a typoE ;HJ". E ;HJ".
Answer to e&. I6.
Answer to e&. I6.
%1<. Nuttner says that the
%1<. Nuttner says that the
BmagaQine @he editsA
BmagaQine @he editsA


regularly gets highly personal missives, sent
regularly gets highly personal missives, sent
by
by


mistae to the wrong e1mail address thans
mistae to the wrong e1mail address thans
to
to


a typo
a typo
E ;HJ".
E ;HJ".
Note# Neeping the
Note# Neeping the
B% editE in the quote maes it
B% editE in the quote maes it


seem as if Nuttner is referring to the
seem as if Nuttner is referring to the
writer.
writer.


Another option#
Another option#
Nuttner says,
Nuttner says,
BThe
BThe


magaQine % edit . . .
magaQine % edit . . .
E H<".
E H<".