06-RIP Routing Protocol

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RIP Routing Protocol
ISSUE 1.0
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RIP routing protocol is a distance-vector
routing protocol, it is applied in small
scale network mostly, this course gives
a detail introduction of two version of
RIP routing protocol: RIPv1 and RIPv2,
and introduces the common
configuration command of RIP.
Upon completion of this course, you will be
able to:
Master basic principle of RIP routing
protocol
Master the similarities and
differences between RIPv1 and
RIPv2
Master configuration of RIP
RIP Routing Protocol Overview
RIP: Routing Information Protocol
It is a distance-vector routing protocol and belongs to IGP
protocol
RIP is suitable for small scale network, and includes two
version: RIPv1 and RIPv2
RIP uses UDP as transport layer to exchange routing
information, its port number is 520.
RIP supports split horizon, poisoned reverse and trigger
update
Initialization of RIP Routing Table
Routing table
initialization

NET1
NET2
Routing table
initialization

Request
Response
RTA
RTB
RIP Routing Table Update
Routing Table
destination next hop
N1 C
N2 D
N3 E
Routing Table
N4 F
Routing Table
N1 C
N2 D
N3 E
N4 B
Route update
Routing Table
N1 A
N2 A
N3 A
N4 F
Response Response
RTA RTB
RTA
RTB
RIPv1 vs. RIPv2
RIPv1 is a class routing protocol, not supports
VLSM and CIDR
It sends message via broadcast.
It doesnt support authentication
RIPv2 is a classless routing protocol, supports
VLSM, route aggregation and CIDR.
It supports sending message via broadcast or
multicast address (240.0.0.9)
It supports plain text authentication and MD5
authentication.
RIPv1 Message Format
Command version Unused( set to all zeros)
Address Family Identifier Unused( set to all zeros)
IP address
Unused( set to all zeros)
Metric
Multiple fields, up to maximum of 25
Address Family Identifier Unused( set to all zeros)
IP address
Metric
route
entry
route
entry
0
8 16 31
RIPv2 Message format
Command version Unused( set to all zeros)
Address Family Identifier Route tag
IP address
Subnet mask
Next hop
Metric
Multiple fields, up to maximum of 25
Address Family Identifier Route tag
IP address
Subnet mask
Next hop
Metric
route
entry
route
entry
0
8 16 31
Example of RIP Basic Configuration
[RTA] rip
[RTA-rip-1]version 2
[RTA-rip-1] network 192.168.1.0
[RTB]rip
[RTB-rip-1]version 2
[RTB-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
[RTB-rip-1]network 192.168.2.0
[RTC]rip
[RTC-rip-1]version 2
[RTC-rip-1]network 192.168.2.0
[RTC-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
192.168.1.0/30
192.168.2.0/30
.1 .2 .1 .2
RTA RTB RTC
L0:
172.16.1.1/32
L0:
10.1.1.1/32
Display RIP Information
<[Quidway]display rip
Public VPN-instance name:
RIP process: 1
RIP version: RIP-2 Preference: 100
Checkzero: Enabled Default-cost: 0
Summary: Enabled Hostroutes: Enabled
Maximum number of balanced paths: 6
Update time : 30 sec Age time : 180 sec
Suppress time: 0 sec Garbage-collect time: 120
sec
Silent interfaces: None Default routes: Disabled
Verify-source: Enabled
Networks:
192.168.1.0 172.16.0.0
Configured peers: None Triggered updates sent: 2
Number of route changes: 2
Number of replies to queries: 1
Display RIP Route
[RTA]display rip 1 route
Route Flags: R - RIP, T - TRIP
P - Permanent, A - Aging, S - Suppressed, G - Garbage-collect
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Peer 192.168.1.2 on Serial0/0/1
Destination/Mask Nexthop Cost Tag Flags Sec
192.168.2.0/30 192.168.1.2 1 0 RA 12
10.1.1.1/32 192.168.1.2 2 0 RA 12

RIP neighbor
address, the
interface connected
with neighbor
Classless route
and variable
subnet mask
The metric to destination,
namely hop count
Configuring RIP Version
[Quidway-rip-1]version 2
[Quidway-Serial0/0/1]rip version 2 multicast
[Quidway]display rip 1
Public VPN-instance name:
RIP process: 1
RIP version: RIP-2

The version of RIP is 2
192.168.1.0/30
192.168.2.0/30
.1 .2 .1 .2
RTA RTB RTC
L0:
172.16.1.1/32
L0:
10.1.1.1/32
RIP Route Aggregation
Route aggregation means that when the routes of different sub-network in
the same natural network segment are advertised, the route will be
advertised as aggregated route with natural mask
Route aggregation doesnt works on RIPv1. RIPv2 supports classless inter-
domain routing
By default, RIPv2 enable function of route aggregation; when all the sub-
network routes need to be broadcasted, it should disable the function of
route aggregation
RIP Route Aggregation Automatically
[RTB-rip-1]display rip 1 route
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.0/24 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 20
172.16.0.0/16 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 20
......
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
192.168.1.0/30
.1 .2
RTA RTB
[RTA-rip-1] summary
aggregated
route
Undo RIP Route Aggregation Automatically
[RTB]display rip 1 route
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 21
172.16.1.3/32 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 21
172.16.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 21
172.16.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 21
[RTA-rip-1] undo summary
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
192.168.1.0/30
.1 .2
RTA RTB
RIP Route Aggregation Manually
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
192.168.1.0/30
.1 .2
RTA RTB
[RTA-Serial0/0/0]rip summary-address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
aggregated route
manually
<RTB>display rip 1 route
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 8
172.16.1.0/24 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 8

The Preference of RIP
[RTA-rip-1] preference ?
INTEGER<1-255> Value of Preference
[RTA-rip] preference 150
[RTA-rip] display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface
10.0.0.0/8 RIP 150 2 192.168.1.2 Ethernet0/0

172.16.0.0/16 RIP 150 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 RIP 150 1 192.168.1.2 Ethernet0/0
Change preference of RIP,
the value range is 1~255,
and the default value is 100
Import Exterior Route
192.168.1.0/30
.1 .2
RTA RTB
[RTA-rip] import-route direct cost 10
[RTB-rip-1]dis rip 1 route
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
192.168.1.0/30 192.168.1.1 1 0 RA 15
192.168.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 11 0 RA 15
172.16.1.3/32 192.168.1.1 11 0 RA 15
172.16.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 11 0 RA 15
172.16.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 11 0 RA 15
The metric of
imported route is 11
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
Interface Add-ons Metric
192.168.1.0/30
.1 .2
RTA RTB
[RTA-Serial0/0/0]rip metricin 5
The metric
is 1+5=6
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
[RTA]display rip 1 route
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.2 on Serial0/0/0
10.1.1.1/32 192.168.1.2 6 0 RA 16
L0: 10.1.1.1/32
Interface Add-ons Metric
192.168.1.0/30
.1 .2
RTA RTB
[RTA-Serial0/0/0]rip metricout 4
[RTB]display rip 1 route
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peer 192.168.1.1 on Serial0/0/0
172.16.1.3/32 192.168.1.1 4 0 RA 5
172.16.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 4 0 RA 5
172.16.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 4 0 RA 5
The metric is
0+4=4
L0: 172.16.1.1/32
L1: 172.16.1.2/32
L2: 172.16.1.3/32
Other Configuration Command
[Quidway-Ethernet0/0]rip authentication-mode { { simple password } |
{ md5 { rfc2082 key-string key-id | huawei key-string } } }
Configuring RIP authentication mode, RIPv2 supports two
authentication modes: plain text authentication and MD5 authentication
[Quidway-Ethernet0/0] rip work/input/output
Configuring work status of interface
Summary
Whats the characteristic of
RIP routing protocol?
What the difference between
RIPv1 and RIPv2?
Thank You
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