Elektronika Daya

Isworo.pujotomo, ir., mt
STT PLN Jakarta
UTS 30 %
TUGAS 20 %
UAS 40%
2
Penilaian
Elektronika Daya jilid 1 Muhammad H. Rashid
Power Electronics Circuit Devices And Application,
2 nd ed
Power Electronics, Ned Mohan, Tore M. Udeland,
William P. Robbin, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2003
Referensi Buku
MATERI
Pendahuluan Elektronika Daya
Diode Semikonduktor Daya
Rangkaian Diode dan Penyearah
Thyristor
Penyearah Terkendali
Pengontrolan Tegangan AC
Teknik Komutasi Dengan Thyristor
Transistor Daya
DC Chooper
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Elektronika Daya
Disiplin ilmu yang mempelajari penggunaan teknologi
elektronika dalam konversi energi (daya) elektrik.

Mengapa energi (daya) elektrik perlu dikonversikan?
Hampir semua peralatan listrik bekerja kurang
efisien atau tidak bisa bekerja pada sumber energi
(daya) elektrik yang tersedia.
Banyak pembangkit energi (daya) elektrik
nonkonvensional mempunyai bentuk yang tidak
kompatibel dengan sumber energi (daya) elektrik
lainnya.


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Konverter Daya
daya Konverter
Beban
Pengendali
masukan Daya
keluaran Daya
Pengukuran
Pengukuran
Acuan
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Klasifikasi Konverter Daya
Konverter DC-ke-DC (Chopper)
Konverter AC-ke-DC (Penyearah)
Konverter DC-ke-AC (Inverter)
Konverter AC-ke-AC (Cycloconverter/Matrix)
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Konverter Sinyal dan Daya

Sinyal Konverter
masuk Sinyal
keluar Sinyal
masuk Daya
Daya Konverter
masuk Daya keluar Daya
masuk Sinyal
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Efficiency is the key
Regulator tegangan

i
V
o
V
o
I
o
R
1
R
2
R
i
V
o
V
o
I
o
R
v
R
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Efficiency is very low
No ripples on the input and output sides
Switching Regulator

i
V
o
V
o
I
i
I
Load
ON
T
s
T
0
i
V
0
0
o
V
o
I
i
I
i
s
ON
o
V
T
T
V
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Efficiency is very high
Ripples on the input and output sides
Linear and Switching Power Supplies

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Linear
Switching
Switching Mode Power Supplies
Advantages:
High efficient and small size
DC filter capacitor is working at high voltage
(Energy stored is high)
The reactive component requirements are small.
Disadvantages:
Control is more complicated
EMC problems
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Power Supply Comparison
Power Density Efficiency
Linear Power
Supply
<0.12 W/cm
3
<40%
SMPS 6W/cm
3
>95%
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Power Electronic Applications
in Power Generation
Excitation system
Automatic Voltage Regulator
Variable Speed Power Generation (Hydro,
Wind, Microturbine gas)
Power Conditioners for Renewable Power
Generation (Fuel cells, solar cells)
Energy Storage
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Excitation System in Brushless AC Generator
1 D
2 D
3 D
4 D
5 D
6 D
Rotor
Stator
Exciter generator Main
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Renewable Energy System
Energy Storages
Micro Hydro Electric Power
AC/DC
Fuel
Cells
Fuel Cells
Exhaust
Fuel
Generatr
AC/DC
Solar Cells
Fuel Cells Modules
B
U
S

D
C
Utilitas
DC/AC
DC/DC DC/DC
DC/DC
DC/AC
AC Loads
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Rote Island Hybrid Power System
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Power Electronic Applications in
Power Transmission
High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission
Static VAR Compensators
Series Compensation
Phase Shifters
Dynamic Braking
Flexible AC Transmission System
High-Speed Circuit Breakers

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Static VAR Compensator
Improving power factor
Reducing voltage drop and losses
Increasing maximum power transfer
Improving damping factor
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HVDC Transmission System
Line DC
S
y
s
t
e
m

A
C
S
y
s
t
e
m

A
C
Converter
Converter
system dc
terminals - Two
Asynchronous links
Suitable for long distance transmission and
underground cable transmission
Improving damping factor
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Power Electronic Applications in
Power Distribution
Static VAR Compensators
Power Conditioners
Active Filters
Unified Power Conditioners
Dynamic Voltage Restorers
High-Speed Circuit Breakers
Light High-Voltage Direct-Current Distribution
Power conditioners for distributed power
generation
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Active Filter
source AC
s
L
s
i
h
i
source
Harmonic
s
e
filter
Active
f
i
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Power Electronic Applications in
Transportation Industries
High-Speed Trains
Electric vehicles
Elevators
Airplanes
Ships
Unmanned vehicles
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PWM Inverter for Electric Traction
Pantograph
Inverter PWM
Motors Traction
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Shinkansen
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Electric Traction
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Electric Traction
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Diesel Electric Locomotive
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Toyota Prius
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Ford Escape
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Toyota Siena
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Honda Accord
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Hybrid Vehicles
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parallel
Split
Series
Power Electronic Applications in
Industries
Rolling mills
Variable speed pump systems
Cement kilns
Rolling ball mills
Robotics
Electrolysis

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Variable Speed Drive Applications
PUMP
MOTOR
STARTER
MOTORIZED
VALVE
SET-POINT
CONTROLLER
SENSOR
FLOW
REFERENCE
PUMP
MOTOR
SENSOR
FLOW
REFERENCE
CONTROLLER
SET-POINT
CONTROLLER
VSD
Fixed Speed
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Variable Speed Drives
3
Motor AC
out
v
source AC
rectifier
ed Uncontroll
capacitor
Smoothing
inverter PWM
3
Motor AC
out
v
source AC
rectifier
Controlled
inductor
Smoothing
capacitor
Smoothing
inverter
wave - Square
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Variable Speed Pumping System
u
r
e
H
e
a
d
/
P
r
e
s
s
Flow
1
H
2
H
1
Q
2
Q
3
H
1 stic characteri Pump
2 stic characteri Pump
1 stic characteri Pipe
2 stic characteri Pipe
20
10
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700
FLOW (GPM)
I
N
P
U
T

K
W
ADJUSTABLE SPEED
OPERATION WITH
ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTOR
VALVE OPERATION
WITH STANDARD
EFFICIENTMOTOR
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Power Electronic Applications in
Home Appliances
Microwave heating
Air conditioners
Refrigerators
Toasters
Cookers
Vacuum cleaners
Wash machines
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Power Electronic Applications in
Information Industries
DC power supplies
Distributed power supplies
Power conditioners
Uninterruptible power supplies
Battery chargers
Voltage Regulator Modules
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Is power electronics new technology?
Power electronics have been developed since the
beginning of 20
th
century when mercury arc and
vacuum tubes technology was emerged.
Power conversion has been known for a long time by
using a combination of electrical machinery.
Power electronics development has grown very fast
since the introduction of thyristor or SCR
(Semiconductor controlled rectifier) in nineteen
fifties.

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Interdiciplinary nature of power electronics
theory
Control
s Electronic
systems
Power
s Electronic Power
Computer
physics
state - Solid
processing
Signal
theory
Circuit
machines
Electric
netics Electromag
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Current Challenges
Voltage regulator modules for microprocessors
Embedded inverter for motor drives
Intelligent power ICs
Flexible AC power transmission systems
Custom power distribution system
Unified power conditioners
Renewable energy power generation system
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Microprocessor operating voltages

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Laptop Power Supply System
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Matriks saklar

i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
Load u v
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Penyearah tak terkendali

i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
uv
v
i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
Load u v
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Penyearah terkendali
i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
uv
v
i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
Load u v
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AC regulator

i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
Load u v
i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
uv
v
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Phase-Controlled AC-AC Cycloconverter
Beban

i
e
o
v
1 S 3 S
2 S 4 S
i
e
4 & 1 S S
3 & 2 S S
o
v
t
t
t
t
component l Fundamenta
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Konverter DC-ke-DC

i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
uv
v
i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
Load u v
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Inverter PWM

i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
uv
v
i
V
1 S
2 S
3 S
4 S
Load u v
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Understanding Power Electronic Circuits
Consider all power semiconductor switches as
ideal switches
Ideal switches have no voltage drop, no leakage
current, and transition times are zero.
Practical considerations are given in detailed
design.
Background on signal electronics is useful to
understand power electronics.

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The End
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