Group 6

personalities

Freuds psychodynamic
theory of personality
Emphasizes the importance of early childhood experiences,
unconscious or repressed thoughts that we cannot voluntarily
access, and the conflicts between conscious and unconscious
forces that influence our feelings, thoughts, and behaviors.

Conscious vs.
unconscious forces
Conscious thoughts
- Wishes, desires, or thoughts that we are aware of.
unconscious forces
- Wishes, desires, or thoughts that, because of their
disturbing or threatening content, we automatically repress and
cannot access.
unconscious motivations
- A Freudian concept that refers to the influence of
repressed thoughts, desires, or impulses on our conscious
thoughts and behaviors

Techniques to discover
the unconscious

Is a Freudian technique in which clients are encouraged to talk about any

thoughts or images that enter their head; the assumption is that this freeflowing, uncensored talking will provide clues to unconscious material

association
AFree
Freudian
technique of analyzing dreams, is based on the assumption that
dreams contain underlying, hidden meanings and symbols that provide
Dream
interpretation
clues
to unconscious
thoughts and desires. Freud distinguished between
the dreams obvious story or plot, called manifest content, and the dreams
Freudian slips
hidden or distinguished meanings or symbols, called latent content.

Are mistakes or slips of the tongue that we make in everyday speech; such
mistakes, which are often embarrassing, are thought to reflect unconscious
thoughts or wishes

Divisions of the mind

Id, Ego, and superego

Conscious forces
Unconscious forces

2. ego: reality principle

3. superego:
moral
standards
1. Id: pleasure
principle

Iceberg example.

 Id: pleasure seeker

The id, which is Freud's division first division of the mind to
develop, contains 2 biological drives - sex and aggression that
are source of all psychic or mental energy; the id goal is to pursue
pleasure and satisfy the biological drives.
The pleasure principle operates to satisfy drives and avoid
pain, without concern for moral restrictions or societys regulation.

Ego: executive negotiator between Id and superego

the Ego which is Freuds second division of the mind,
develops from the id during infancy; the egos goal is to find safe
and socially acceptable ways to satisfy the ids desires and to
negotiate between the ids wants and the superegos
prohibitions.
the reality principle is a policy of satisfying a wish or desire
only if there is a socially acceptable outlet available

 superego; regulator
the superego, which is Freuds third division of the mind,
develops from the ego during early childhood; the superegos
goal is to apply the moral values and standards of ones parent or
caregiver and society in satisfying ones wishes.

Anxiety
In Freudian theory, is an uncomfortable feeling that results
from inner conflicts between the primitive desires of the id
and the moral goals of the superego

Defense mechanisms
Are Freudian processes that operate at unconscious levels and
that use self-deception or untrue explanations to protect the
ego from being overwhelmed by anxiety.

Freuds popular defense mechanisms

Involves covering up the true reasons for actions, thoughts, or
feelings by making up excuses and incorrect explanations.

IsRationalization
refusing to recognize some anxiety-provoking event or piece of
information
Denial that is clear to others.
Projection
and unconsciously attributes your own unacceptable feelings,
Falsely
Repression
traits or thoughts to individual objects.

Reaction formation
Involves
Displacement
blocking and pushing unacceptable or threatening feelings,
or experiences into the unconscious
wishes,
Sublimation
Involves substituting behaviors, thoughts, or feelings that are the
direct opposite of unacceptable ones

 Displacement
Involves transferring feelings about, or response to, an object that
causes anxiety to another person or object that is less threatening.

Sublimation
Which is a type of displacement, involves redirecting a threatening or
forbidden desire, usually sexual, into a socially acceptable one